INORGANIC MEDICINALS

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s.a.m.
FORMULA

TGBTG

ELEMENT/
COMPOUND

OTHER NAME

Hydrogen

Inflammable Air

Hydrogen peroxide

Oxygenated Acid/Water

H2O2

Boric acid

Sal Sedativum Hombergi

H3BO3

Chlorine acids and

salts

Nitric acid
1 HNO3: 1 HCl

Phosphoric acids

HYDRO- Chloric Acid; Chloride,

Spirits of Salt, Muriatic Acid
Hypochlorous Acid; Hypochlorite
Chlorous Acid; Chlorite
Chloric Acid; Chlorate
Perchloric Acid; Perchlorate
Eau Forte, Aqua Fortis
Aqua Regia
META- (PYRO-) Phosphoric Acid
DI- Phosphoric Acid
ORTHO-Phosphoric Acid, Phosphoric Acid
TRI- Phosphoric Acid

Phosphinic acid

HYPO-Phophorous Acid

Sulfuric acid

Oil of Vitriol (96-98%)

Acetic acid
Hydrofluoric acid
Hydroiodic acid
Lithium
Lithium bromide
Lithium carbonate

Glacial Acetic Acid (100%)

Eskalith, Quilonium-R, Lithase

Sodium borate

Baking Soda

Rochelle Salt, Sal Seignette

Borax

Soda Ash
Soda Crystals, Washing/Sal Soda
Dendritic/Rock/Solar/Sea/Table- Salt
Oral Rehydration Salts, ORS

Haber process (NH3 production), balloons, welding torch

Produced by Linde Method
OA or RA (3% is OA), antiseptic, buddizing in milk, TX vincents stomatitis
(trenchmouth)
Topical antiseptic, 2% bacteriostatic in eyewash, buffer (not used parenterally)
acid
1, 36-38% w/w, Technical grade, acidifying agent, 10% w/v diluted further with
volumes of water for TX achlorhydria
+
1 (Cls ox. State)
+
3
+
5
+
7
68-70%w/w, OA, nitrating agent, used in xanthoproteic test for Phe, Tyr, Trp
Dissolves gold

85% w/w, Acidifying agent, buffer, phosphoric acid of commerce and science
+

1 (Ps ox. State)

31 % w/w, RA
96-98% w/w (10% w/v when diluted)
Oa, dehydrating agent, sulfonating agent
6% w/v when diluted
Glass etching
Expectorant due to iodine
Has diuretic action like K+, excreted by kidney
Sedative, depressant due to bromide
For hypomanic & manic state

HPH2O2
H2SO4
CH3COOH

LiCO3

Best ion to optimize organic medicinals

.

NaHCO3
NaBr

Sodium perborate

Sodium chloride

HClO
HClO2
HClO3
HClO4
HNO3
1 HNO3:1 HCl
HPO3
H4P2O7
H3PO4
H5P3O10

NaCH3COO
3H2O

Dobells Solution

Anhydrous sodium
carbonate
Decahydrate sodium
carbonate

HCl

Na

Sodium acetate

Sodium bromide
Sodium potassium
tartrate

HF
HI
Li
LiBr

Sodium

Sodium bicarbonate

USE/ REMARKS

NaK Tartrate

Na2B4O7 . 10
H2O

Urinary & systemic alkalinizer, diuretic, alkalinizer in Benedicts Solution

Urinary & systemic alkalinizer, antacid
Produced by Solvay/ Ammonia-Soda Process
Sedative, depressant due to bromide
Saline laxative, sequesterant in Fehlings solution

Part of Dobells solution (antiseptic wash for nose & throat), weak bacteriostat
on eyewash, alkalinizer, buffer, water softener
For external use only

Na (borate +
bicarbonate) +
phenol + glycerol

Astringent & antiseptic wash for nose & throat

NaBO3.H2O or
NaBO2 . H2O2 .
3H2O

Mild disinfectant, deodorant

Readily releases oxygen in oxidizable matter

Na2CO3
Na2CO3.10H2O
NaCl

Saponifying agent for fats & fixed oils

Electrolyte replenisher (0.9w/w) in RS, LRS, Darrows, ORS, tonicity- adjusting

preservative (6%)

NaCl+ KCl+ Na
citrate + glucose

Sodium gluconate
Sodium lactate

Less irritating, soluble electrolyte replenisher

Regenerates bicarbonate ion in the body

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TGBTG

Na3C6H5O7

Sodium citrate

Sodium fluoride
Sodium monofluorophosphate

NaF
SMFP

Sodium iodide

Na2PFO3
Na2[Fe(CN)5
NO] . 2H2O

Sodium thiocyanate
Sodium hydroxide

Soda Lye, Lye, Sosa, Caustic Soda

Soda lime

Calx Sodica

Sodium hypochlorite

(4-6%); Household Bleach, Chlorox,

Dakins Solution
(Approx. 2.5%); Labarraques Solution
(450-500mg/100ml); Diluted NaOCl Solution,
Modified Dakins Solution
(0.20-0.32g/1L); NaOCl Topical Solution

NaOH
Ca hydroxide +
Na or K hyroxide

NaOCl

(Preferred)
SECONDARY Sodium Phosphate (Other)

Hypotensive
Hard soaps, alkalinizer, titrimetry, caustic
Readily attacks glass, causes liquefactive necrosis
CO2 absorber

Disinfectant
Antiseptic, wound irrigation
Wound & burn irrigation

NaH2PO4

Saline laxative (Fleet enema), source of Phosphorus, TX hypercalcemia, wea

buffers, urinary acidifier

Na2HPO4

Saline laxative (Fleet enema), TX hypercalcemia, weak base on buffers

MONO-Basic Sodium Phosphate (USP)

Sodium MONO-Hydrogen Phosphate
Sodium Phosphate
salts

Administer slowly by infusion, photosensitive

Bleach, disinfectant

Sodium DI-Hydrogen Phosphate (Preferred)

PRIMARY Sodium Phosphate (Other)a

Anticariogenic

Source of Iodine, expectorant due to iodide ion, solubilizer in Iodine Tincture &
Solution

NaI

Sodium nitroprusside

In vitro: anticoagulant (complexes with Ca+)

In vivo: parenteral coagulant
Urinary & systemic alkalinizer, expectorant
Excessive citrate causes laxative effect
2% oral solution: anticariogenic, TX is several years apart
1.1% in dentrifices
Insecticide, rodenticide, very corrosive

DI-Basic Sodium Phosphate (USP)

Sodium Phosphate (Preferred)

TERTIARY Sodium Phosphate, TRI-Basic

Sodium Phosphate (Other)

Na3PO4

Very alkaline; caustic, for cleaning glass apparatus

N/A (USP)
Sodium
polymetaphosphate
Cellulose sodium
phosphate
Sodium polystyrene
sulfonate

Calgon, Grahams Salt

Water softener, detergent

Cation-exchange resin binding Ca+, prevent Ca+-related kidney stones

Kay-Ex-Elate

Cation-exchange resin, TX of hyperkalemia due to AKF (acute kidney failure)

In vitro: anticoagulant
In vivo:chelating agent, TX of hypercalcemia

Edetate disodium
Calcium disodium
edetate
Sodium sulfide
Sodium sulfate
Sodium thiosulfate
Sodium sulfite
Sodium metabisulfite
+ Sodium bisulfite
Monosodium
glutamate

Antidote for Lead (Pb) poisoning

Glaubers Salt
Sodium Hyposulfite,
Hypo, Photographers Hypo
Sodium Pyrosulfite

Na2S . 9H2O
Na2SO4
Na2SO3

TX of ingrown toenails
Saline laxative due to insoluble sulfate ion
Antidote for CN
Prone to bacterial decomposition
Antioxidant

Na2S2O5

RA, antioxidant, antimicrobial in dried fruits, used when bisulfite is required

Na2S2O3. 5H2O

Imparts/sharpen meat flavor

Causes Chinese Restaurant Syndrome (light headed/headache + uncomforta
warmth + difficult breathing)

Vetsin, Ajinomoto, MSG

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TGBTG

Sodium tartrate
Sodium starch
glycolate

Explotab

Potassium
Soluble potassium
salts
K polysulfides + k
thiosulfate

Tablet disintegrant

NaNO2

Sodium nitrite
Sodium nitrate

1O standard for Karl Fischer Reagent, saline laxative

Chile Saltpeter

NaNO3
K

Meat preservative & flavor & color development; carcinogenic

Used in CN poisoning (Na thiosulfate & nitrite + amyl nitrite); may cause
methemoglobinemia like CN
Meat preservative & flavor & color development; carcinogenic
Diuretic, muscle contraction

Potash
Liver of Sulfur, Hepar Sulfur,
Potassa Sulfurata, Sulfurated Potash

K2Sx + K2S2O3

White lotion

Lotio Alba, Lotio Sulfurata

Sulfurated
Potash+ Purified
Water

Potassium carbonate

Salt of Tartar/ Wormwood,

Potash, Pearl Ash

K2CO3

Saponifying agent

KHCO3

Diuretic, systemic antacid & alkalinizer, carbonating agent for Mg citrate Oral S
Limonada Purgante (saline laxative)
Saline laxative
Seen in acidulous fruits, i.e. Grapes
Tooth desensitizer
Soft soaps, saponifying agent for medicated soft soap i.e. Ponds, titrimetry, c

ZnSO4+

Potassium
bicarbonate
Potassium bitartrate
Potassium nitrate
Potassium hydroxide
Potassium
metaphosphate
Monobasic
potassium phosphate
Dibasic potassium
phosphate
Potassium citrate

Cream of Tartar, Creamor, Argol,

Acid Potassium Tartrate
Saltpeter, Salt Prunelle, Sensodyne
Caustic Potash, Potash Lye

KOH

TX skin parasitic conditions

Zn: protective, astringent
Sulfurated potash: antibacterial, antifungal

Buffer agent
Sorensens Potassium Phosphate

Urinary acidifier, TX hypercalcemia, used with dibasic salt for K+ or PO4- defici

Potassium Phosphate

TX hypercalcemia, used with monobasic salt for K+ or PO4- deficiency, saline l

Acalka

Potassium iodide

KI

Potassium
metabisulfite
Potassium
permanganate
Potassium
acetate/chloride/
gluconate
Potassium gluconate
Potassium acetate
Potassium chloride

KNO3

Precipitates zns (AI) from znso4 in white lotion

Brown that turns yellow green on air

KMnO4

Urinary & systemic alkalinizer, osmotic diuretic, expectorant due to citrate ion,
dissolves kidney stones
Metabolized to bicarbonate
~Iodide of choice due to stability in air
~TX of hyperthyroidism, protect thyroid for surgery & radiation (saturated solu
~DOC: sporotrichosis (skin problem) @1g/ml
~oral expectorant (KI+HI syrup+NH4Cl)
~prevent goiter (1:100,000)
~Part of Nessler, Wagner, Mayer, Valsers
~Necessity/solubilizer in Lugols solution
~Can cause Iodism (metallic taste salivation, lacrimation, sore mouth, rash, he
GI irritation)
Antioxidant
May cause allergy
OA (stronger in acid media), antiseptic, disinfectant
Mno4- (intense puple) Mn2+ (colorless)
Electrolyte replenisher, component of dialysis solution & ORS
Causes GI irritation if PO; take with food

Kalium Durules

Potassium
perchlorate

Less irritating K+ replenisher

Urinary & systemic alkalinizer, electrolyte replenisher
Preferred salt for hypokalemia, part of RS & Darrows Solution, salt substitute
restricted patients

KCl

KClO4

Potassium sorbate
Ammonium

Pseudoalkali

Ammonium acetate

Spirit of Mindererus

NH4+
3

TX hyperthyroidism/ antithyroid agent

0.2% preservative vs. Fungi (yeast & mold)
Effective only at ph 6.5
Hydroxides are weakly basic; salts are acidic
Mild alkalinizer, preferred than alkali bases due to volatility

INORGANIC MEDICINALS

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NH bicarbonate +
s.a.m.
carbamate

TGBTG

Ammonium
carbonate

Ammonia Crystal, Sal Volatile,

Hartshorn

Ammonium chloride

Muriate Of Ammonia, Sal Ammoniac

Diluted ammonia
solution

Ammonia Water, Household Ammonia,

16o Baume Ammonia
Stronger Ammonia Water,
Stronger Ammonium Hydroxide Solution,
Spirit of Hartshorn

Strong ammonia
solution

(NH4)2 CO3 + dil.

NH4OH

NH4Cl
10% NH3

Source of ammonia, resp. Stimulant, expectorant, necessity for Aromatic NH 3

source of NH3 for smelling salts for syncope
Urinary & systemic acidifier, osmotic diuretic, expectorant
By-product of Solvay Process for nahco3

Reflex resp. Stimulant, neutralize insect stings & Portuguese jellyfish, glass cl
For making Diluted NH3 Solution & Aromatic NH3 Spirit
For external use only
Produced by Haber Process

NH4 carbonate

+strong NH3 soln.

+ volatile oils

Aromatic ammonia
spirit
Ammonium
phosphate
Ammoniated mercury
Cupric/ copper (II)
sulfate
Copper acetoarsenate
Cupric sulfate + Lime

(NH4) HPO4
Blue Vitriol/Stone,
Roman/Salzburg Vitriol

Toughened silver
nitrate

CuSO4. 2H2O

Paris Green
Bordeaux Mixture

CuSO4 + CaO

Lunar Caustic, Silver Nitrate Pencil,

Molded/Fused Silver Nitrate

Algaecide & fungicide in swim pools

Oligodynamic (potent microbe inhibitor), protein precipitant (Argeria: remove b

tincture + sodium thiosulfate or KCN)
Germicide

AgI
Flammazine (Micronized),
Silvadene (1%),
Flammacerium (+ 2.2% Cerium Nitrate)
Argenti Nitras,
Lapiz Infernularis, Caustic Pencil

Part of Benedicts, Fehlings, & Barfoeds Solution, emetic, enhance Fe utilizat

antidote for White P
Insecticide

Ag

Silver iodide

Silver nitrate

Diuretic, buffer agent

White Precipitate

Silver

Silver sulfadiazine

Resp. Stimulant

(nutmeg lemon)
+ ethanol

For P. Aeruginosa, prevent wound sepsis in 2O & 3O burn

AgNO3
94.5%
AgNO3 + AgCl

Ammoniacal silver
nitrate

TX neonatal ophthalmic gonorrhea (1% ophthalmic solution), and warts

Part of indelible ink, water-soluble
Styptic, TX warts and mouth canker sores
* 5% agcl~ tough & less fragile pencil
Part of indelible ink, Tollens reagent, and Howes solution

Howes Solution

Ammoniacal
Silver nitrate +
Eugenol
+ 10%

Dental protective

Formaldehyde

Silver Proteinates
(% on formula depend on
amount of ionized protein,
not on total Ag content)

Mild/ Argyrol
Strong/ Protargol
Colloidal/ Collargol

Gold
Aurantoin
Aurothioglucose
Gold sodium
thiomalate
Colloidal gold +
Stannic hydroxide

19-23% Ag (low
free)
7.5-8.5% Ag
(high free)
18-22% Ag
Au

Ridaura
Solganal
Myochrisine

29% Au
50% w/w Au

1.2% eye & vaginal antiseptic

Ear & throat antiseptic
0.50% for urethra, 0.25% for bladder
General germicide
TX rheumatoid arthritis & ND Lupus E.
Undergo disproportion, unstable to heat, light & even mild RA
PO
IM
IM

Purple of Cassius

Beryllium

Be

Magnesium

Mg

Most toxic metal; replaces Ca & Mg in vivo, has sweet taste

Useless
Used in alcohol synthesis (rmgx: Grignards)
Lightest structurally important metal, found in chlorophyll, natural Ca2+ blocker

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TGBTG

Magnesium
carbonate

Magnesia

Magnesium oxide

Calcined Magnesia, Magnesia Usta

Magnesium chloride
Mg oxide + Mg
chloride

Sorels Cement
Milk Of Magnesia (7-8.5%)
Magnesia Magma, Philips

Magnesium sulfate

Epsom/Bitter Salt

Magnesium trisilicate

Magnesium citrate
Magnesium
phosphate
Magnesium stearate

Talc, Purified Talc, Talcum, Steatite,

French/Tailors Chalk, Soapstone,
Native Hydrous Magnesium Silicate
Purgative Lemon, Lemonada Purgante

Prepared calcium
carbonate
Calcium chloride
Chlorinated lime

Fluorite
Gypsum, Terra Alba
Phosphate Rock
Aragonite, Calcite (birefringent),
Iceland Spar (very pure calcite)
Precipitated Chalk

Prepared/Drop Chalk, Creta Preparata,

Muriate Of Lime
Bleaching Powder, Chloride Of Lime,
Calx Chlorinata

Calcium hypochlorite
Calcium hydroxide
Calcium oxide
Edetate calcium
disodium
Dibasic calcium
phosphate

Tribasic calcium
phosphate

Mg(OH)2
MgSO4.7H2O
2MgO . 3SiO2 .
H2O
3MgO . 4SiO4 .
H2O
Mg3(C6H5O7)2

Antacid, saline laxative

Dispensed in blue glass to enhance white character
Glass container alkalinity
Citric acid alkalinity~ milder, less chalky taste
Cathartic (PO), anticonvulsant (IM), anti-inflammatory (concentrated topical so
Antacid (forms protective coating on stomach, gelatinous~ prolonged effect)
Dusting powder, clarifying & filtering agent, adsorbent
Saline cathartic due to Mg & citrate
Antacid, potential laxative

Procoagulant (convert prothrombin to thrombin), muscle contraction, hydroxya

bones & teeth

Ca

Dolomite

Precipitated calcium
carbonate

Antacid, laxative, part of universal antidote

Produced by calcination (strong heating og inorganic matter) of mgco3 mgo +
Electrolyte replenisher like Mg gluconate

Tablet lubricant (incorporated at the end)

Apatite

Crystal calcium
carbonate

Antacid, laxative

MgO+ MgCl2

Mg3PO4.5H2O

Calcium

Calcium sources

MgO

MgCl2.6H2O

Magnesium
hydroxide

Magnesium silicate

Produced by Dow process

(MgCO3)4. Mg
(OH)2. 5H2O

Milk Of Lime, Slaked/Hydrated Lime,

Limewater, Calcium Hydrate
Lime, Quicklime, Calx, Apog

CaF2 +
Ca3(PO4)2
MgCO3 .
CaCO3
CaF2
CaSO4
Ca3(PO4)2
Crystalline

CaCO3
Precipitated

CaCO3
Prepared CaCO3

CaCl2.2H2O
.

CaOCl(Cl) H2O

Antacid, prevent osteoporosis

May cause Milk-Alkali/ Burnett Syndrome (alkalosis, Ca&P, renal insufficienc
azotemia)
Produced commercialy by chemical means (calcinationslakingcarbonatio
Produced natively by elutriation
Electrolyte replenisher (RS, LRS)
Bleach, disinfectant

Ca(OCl)2

Bleaching agent, disinfectant

Ca(OH)2

Necessity in calamine lotion, mild astringent, protective, saponifying agent

CaO

Calcium Disodium Versenate/EDTA

Precipitated Calcium Phosphate

In polarimeters

Part of Bordeaux Mixture, ingredient in Sulfurated Lime (Vleminckxs) Solution

Chelating agent, correct form of EDTA DX & TX of Lead (Pb) Poisoning

CaHPO4.2H2O

Source of Ca2+ & PO4- (1:1) in pregnancy, lactation & Ca deficiency (PO), den
abrasive

Ca5(OH)
(PO4)3;
10CaO.3P2O5.
H2O;
Ca3(PO4).
Ca(OH)2

Antacid (PO)

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TGBTG

Calcium lactate
Calcium gluconate
Calcium citrate
Calcium stearate
Calcium sulfate
Barium hydroxide
Barium sulfate
Barium sulfate + Zinc
sulfide
Strontium bromide
Strontium chloride
Strontium lactate

Calactate, Caltrate Plus

Plaster of Paris, Calcii Sulfas Exsiccatus,

Exsiccated Calsium Sulfate,
Dried Calcium Sulfate
Gypsum, Terra Alba
Baryta Water
Skraybart, Esophotrast, Blanc Fixe,
Permanent White, Barium Meal
Lithopone

Calamine

Calamine lotion

Cadmia
Prepared Calamine, Lapis Calaminaria,
Artificial Calamine

Lotio Calaminae

Lotio Alba, Lotio Sulfurata

Zinc chloride
Cobalt zincate
Cobalt metaaluminate
Zinc Oxide (pigment)

Butter of Zinc, Burnetts Disinfecting Fluid

Rinmanns Green

Zinc peroxide
Zinc-eugenol cement
Zinc sulfate

BaSO4
BaSO4+ZnS

Surgical cast, dental impression

Tablet diluent
Part of Barium Hydroxide Lime, USP (CO2 absorber)
Radiopaque due to high MW
In paints
Sedative, depressant
Tooth desensitizer
TX of osteoporosis

Part of carbonic anhydrase & other enzymes, in insulin, important in immune s

Insoluble compounds: skin protective
Soluble compounds: astringent with low penetration (topical), emetic (internal)

Zn

White lotion

Zinc Oxide
(pharmaceutical)

(CaSO4) .H2O;
CaSO4.1/2H2O
CaSO4.H2O
Ba(OH)2.8H2O

Strontolac

Zinc
Zinc ore

Prevent/ retard osteoporosis, ideal for geriatrics

Most common Ca2+ replenisher
Ca2+ replenisher
Tablet lubricant

ZnO+FeO3
Calamine + ZnO
+Glycerin
+Bentonite
+Magma
+Ca(OH)2
topical solution

ZnSO4+
Sulfurated
Potash+ Purified
Water
ZnCl2
CoZnO2

Protective, mild astringent, good drying effect

TX skin parasitic conditions

Zn: protective, astringent
Sulfurated potash: antibacterial, antifungal
Dentin desensitizer, antiseptic in mouthwash

Thenards Blue
Zinc White, Chinese White
Zinc White, Nihil Album,
Flowers of Zinc, Pompholyx,
Lana Philosophica, Philosophers Wool

ZnO

Zn + Eugenol
White Vitriol, Zinc Vitriol

Cadmium

ZnSO4

Capsebon

Selenium

Gk. Moon

Selenium sulfide

Selsun Blue

Antiseptic
Dental protective
Only OTC approved as ophthalmic astringent, ingredient in white lotion
Very poisonous, present in cigarette
Causes Itai-itai disease (bone pain)
Emetic, TX Tinea infections
Antidandruff
Topical astringent, ophthalmic antiseptic

Cd

Cadmium chloride
Cadmium sulfide
Cadmium sulfate

Part of Lassars Paste: astringent, antiseptic, topical protective

Physical sunblock (reflect & scatter 99%) Inhalation causes Metal Fume Feve

Se

2.5% SeS2

Chromium

Cr

Chromate

CrO426

Important trace element

Absorbed slowly on skin, causes contact dermatitis in large doses
Lotion for TX seborrheic dermatitis (dandruff)
Wash hands after using
Trivalent state is glucose tolerance factor
Hexavalent state is poisonous
Good precipitant

INORGANIC MEDICINALS

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Cr O
s.a.m.

TGBTG

Dichromate
Molybdenum
Molybdenum oxide +
Ferrous sulfate

Mo

Mol-Iron

Hydrargyrum,
Asoge (most poisonous Hg)

Methyl mercury

Organic Mercury, Quicksilver

Mercuric sulfide
Mercurous chloride
Mercuric chloride
Mercuric
amidochloride

Aethrops Mineral, Cinnabar

Calomel, Mild Mercury Chloride
Corrosive Sublimate, Mercury Bichloride
Ammoniated Mercury,
(Nonfusible) White Precipitate

Hematinic
Hg

Cumulative poison: Mad Hatters Disease (tremor, behavioral changes)

HgS

Hg2Cl2
HgCl2

Teratogenic, causes Minamata disease (CNS disturbances)

More toxic than inorganic Hg
Source of Hg
Cathartic
Disinfectant, antisyphilic

HgN2Cl

Mild topical antiseptic

HgI2

Mercuric iodide
Yellow Precipitate

Oa
Cofactor in Flavin-dependent enzymes

Mercury

Mercuric oxide

27

HgO

Part of Mayers Reagent (KI+hgi2)

*(+) result of mayers: white ppt.
Opthalmic anti-infective

10-20% O + Hg
+ 70% cetyl
alcohol
Water Soluble Mercury

+Na lauryl sulfate

+dioctyl Na

Tx of urethral infection

sulfosuccinate
+ glycerin + H2O
Powdered Hg + K
chlorate + Barium
peroxide
Aluminum
Alum

Flashlight Powders
Al

Neurotoxin (inhalation): Shavers Disease

Purified Alum, Alumen,

Alumen Purificatum, Tawas

K2Al2(SO4)4 . 24
H2O

Ladds Paste

Aluminum powder
+ Liquid
Petrolatum + ZnO
Ointment

Aluminum carbonate

AlCl3.6 H2O

Aluminum chloride

Astringent, antiperspirant, deodorant, styptic

TX of phosphatic calculi by promoting elimination of PO4- via fecal route

Astringent, antiperspirant, deodorant, antiseptic
Lewis acid (acidic due to extensive hydrolysis)

Aluminum
chlorohydrates

Aluminum Zirconium Chlorohydrates

Antiperspirant

Aluminum hydroxide

Amphogel, Alu-Tab

Gastric antacid
SE: constipation, interfere PO4- absorption

Aluminum sulfate

Cake Alum, Patent Alum, Pearl Alum,

Pickle Alum, Papermakers Alum

Powerful astringent, local antiperspirant, necessity in Al Subacetate solution

Aluminum acetate
solution

Burrows Solution, Liquor Burowii, Alumina

Al2O3
Al sulfate +
CaCO3+ water +

Aluminum subacetate
Solution

Anti- poison ivy

Necessity for Al Acetate Solution

suka

Aluminum phosphate

Phophagel

Gastric antacid

Gallium
Gallium nitrate

Eka-Aluminum

Melts at 29.750 C
TX cancer-related Hypercalcemia by binding to transferrin

Thallium

Budding Twig

Scandium

Eka-Boron

Activated charcoal
Soft coal

Action is similar to arsenic

Former ant/rodenticide & depilatory
Fine: adsorbent for diarrhea
Coarse: gas adsorbent for instruments

C
Bituminous Coal

70% C +
Volatile Oil

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90% C + 6%
s.a.m.
Volatile Oils

TGBTG

Hard coal

Anthracite

Impure carbon

Coke
After-Damp, Aer Fixus, Carbonic Acid Gas
Dry Ice

Impure C

CO2

Formed by heating coal in absence of air

Tx of hiccups, respiratory stimulant, inert atmosphere for easily oxidized medic
TX corn, acne, eczema, calluses, moles, psoriasis, warts by freezing

Silica
(Purified) Siliceous/Diatomaceous Earth,
Celite, Kieselguhr

SiO2

Inert, for glass production

Crystal SiO2

Mild abrasive, filtering aid

Carbon dioxide
Silicon dioxide
Crystal silicon dioxide

Fullers Earth, Floridin

Al & Mg silicate

Similar to kaolin, low plasticity

Common components: montmorillonite, kaolinite, attapulgite

Bentonite, Soapclay, Mineral Soap

Native colloidal
hydrated Al
Silicate

Suspending agent

Aluminum silicates
Kaolin, China Clay
Pumice
Magnesium silicate

Talc, Purified Talc, Talcum, Steatite,

French/Tailors Chalk, Soapstone,
Native Hydrous Magnesium Silicate
Attapulgite, Polymagma, Quintess

Simethicone

3MgO . 4SiO4 .
H2O
Mg5 (SiO20)
(OH)2 .8 H2O

Filter medium, dispersing agent, dental abrasive

Dusting powder, clarifying & filtering agent, adsorbent
Chemically inert, low adsorptive power,
Adsorbent for diarrhea
Antifoaming, antiflatulence

Sugar of Lead

Toxicity: plumbism/ saturnism

Most serious effect is encephalopathy (memory loss, irritability, clumsiness, pr
vomiting)
Sweet taste like be
Astringent, part of lead subacetate solution

Goulards Extract

Antiseptic, astringent

Pb

Litharge

PbO
PbO2

Zirconium
oxide/ carbonate

Part of lead subacetate solution

Solar ray protective/ opacifying agent ( refractive index) like zno & tio2
Antiperspirant, TX contact dermatitis, athletes foot

Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide

Azote, Mephitic, Without Life

Laughing Gas

Phosphorus

Light-Carrier, St. Elmos Fire

N2O
P

Red Phosphorus
Black Phosphorus

Arsenic

Lewisite Metal

Salvarsan

Compound 606, Arsphenamine

Cupric Aceto-arsenite

Paris Green,

Cupric hydrogen
arsenite

Scheeles Green

Refrigerant (liquid)
Inhalation general anesthetic

As phosphate: part of protoplasm, bone, nerve tissue

Rat poison, causes slow-healing burn
Emit green light, white fume, garlic odor on the dark; darkens on exposure to l
Toxicity: Bony Necrosis esp. Mandible (Phossy Jaw)
Used in matches, pyrotechnics
Nonpoisonous, nonflammable
Unlike white P, insoluble to organic solvents
Stable in air (doesnt easily catch fire), graphite texture
Produced from white P under high pressure
Component of salvarsan, general protoplasmic poison (trivalent>pentavalent)
P
Acute toxicity: Mees Lines (white line on nails), digestive bleeding
Chronic toxicity: Arsenicosis, cancer
1st antisyphilis drug
Discovered by p. Ehrlich- father of modern chemotherapy

White/ Yellow Phosphorus

Phosphorus
allotropes

Clarifying agent, adsorbent, demulcent, excipient for inorganic salts

Disflatyl

Lead
Lead acetate
Lead subacetate
solution
Lead monoxide
Lead dioxide

Native hydrated
Al Silicate
Complex silicate
of Al, Na, K

As

Cupric sulfate +
arsenic trioxide

Cu (C2H3O2)2 .
3Cu(AsO2)2

Insecticide, rodenticide, blue colorant on fireworks, pigment

INORGANIC MEDICINALS

junio,
s.a.m.
1% KAs

TGBTG

1% potassium
arsenite
Arsenic iodide +
Mercuric iodide
solution

Fowlers Solution
Donovans Solution

Arsenic trioxide

Arsenous Oxide, White Arsenic,

Arsenic (III) Oxide, Arsenicum Album

Antimony sulfide

Antimony Glance

Antimony potassium
tatrate
Bismuth
Bismuth subnitrate

Tartar Emetic, Brown Mixture

Beatiful Meadow
Basic Bismuth Nitrate, Bismuthyl Nitrate,
Bismuth Oxynitrate, Spanish White,
Bismuth Paint

O2

Antileukemic

AsI3 + HgI2

Sb2S3

Antileukemic (IV), currently available as Trisenox

Amphoteric oxide
Most important source of antimony
Red-range in color

C8H4K2O12Sb2 .
3H2O
Or
SbKOC4H4O6

Anthelmintic: kills & expels Schistosoma (liver fluke)

*vermifuge: expels only

Bi

Its compounds are poisonous, causes black stools

Bi(OH)2NO3

Bismuth
subcarbonate/
subgallate/ citrate

Only antacid with astringent & antiseptic property owing to heavy metal ion

Antacid, astringent, mildly germicidal

Bi (OH)2 +
Subcarbonate
suspended in
Milk of Bismuth

Bismuth Cream, Bismuth Magma

H2O
or
Bi subnitrate +

Only antacid with astringent & antiseptic property that inhibit H. Pylori

HNO3
+ (NH4)2CO3
+Strong NH3
soln+ H2O
Colloidal bismuth
subcitrate
Bismuth subsalicylate
Oxygen
Oxygen allotropes

Tx pud
Dephlogisticated/Empyreal Air, Yne
Nascent Oxygen
Atmospheric/Molecular Oxygen
Ozone

Sulfur

Brimstone, Shulbari,
Asupre (sanskrit of Enemy Of Copper)

10% Sulfur

Sulfur Ointment

Sulfur dioxide
Precipitated sulfur
Sublimed sulfur

Acid Anhydride of Sulfurous/ H2SO3 Acid

Milk of Sulfur, Lac Sulfur
Flowers Of Sulfur

Sulfurated lime

Vlemnickxs Solution

Halogen
Chlorine

Sea-Salt Producer
Dephlogisticated Muriatic Acid

Bromine

0.1 N Bromine (Br2)

VS
Iodine

Bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, antacid, AI in Pepto-Bismol

Pink Bismuth

Tx of hypoxia

O
O2
O3

Disinfectant, bleach

For fumigation (when burned), keratolytic, stimulant in alopecia

Precipitated S+
White Ointment+
Mineral Oil

SO2
Sublimed S+
Lime+ H2O
Group 7A

Antioxidant, RA, preservative

Scabicide
Stimulant cathartic
Scabicide, Tx of skin diseases like acne

Water disinfectant
No medicinal use, used as chemical reagent
Dark, red-brown fuming liquid
Poisoning: Brominism (somnolence, psychosis, seizure, delirium) due to chron
bromides (depressant sedative)
Titrant for assay of phenol (residual iodometry), back titrated with 0.1N Na2S2O
Titrant in ALL iodometric analysis
Kbro3 + kbr + hcl liberation of bromine
Heaviest nonmetal, solid with metallic sheen

Br

Kopperschaars Solution
I

INORGANIC MEDICINALS

junio,
s.a.m.

TGBTG

Iodide

Strong Iodine Tincture

NaI + 2% I2
NaI + 2% I2
KI+ 5% I2
(10g KI + 5g I2
per 100mL)
KI + 7.5 % I2

Betadine

Polyvinylpyrrolido
ne (PVP) +

Iodine Tincture
Iodine Topical Solution
Molecular (I2) iodine
compounds

Iodophors

Easily undergoes sublimation with violet vapor

Has expectorant property, promote T3 & T4 synthesis
Deficiency causes simple goiter, w/c may cause cretinism in fetus

Strong Iodine Solution, Lugols Solution

Antiseptic

Skin cleanser (with Na lauryl sulfate for bubbles), vaginal wash, solution, garg

7.5% I2
Fluorine
Sodium
monofluorophosphat
e

Most electronegative element; strongest OA

SMFP

Anticariogenic, TX of osteoporosis

Sodium fluoride

NaF

Stannous fluoride

SnF2

Chlorofluorocarbon

CFC

Astatine

At

Manganese

Mn

Manganese dioxide

Pyrolusite

MnO2
Ar

Argon
Krypton

Gk. Hidden

Kr

Xenon

Gk. Stranger

Radon

Niton

Xe
Rn

Common iron ores

External iron
preparations

Oral iron
preparations

Hematite
Pyrite, Fools Gold
Iron Stone
Ferric Chloride
Iron + Aluminum
Bashams Mixture
Acetate
Ferric Subsulfate Monsels Solution, Basic
Solution
Ferrous Sulfate Solution
Ferrous Sulfate, Green Vitriol
Feosol, Fer-In-Sol, Nutroplex
Ferrous Gluconate
Sangobion
Ferrous Fumarate
Biofemme, Clusivol OB, Iberet,
Toleron, Trihemic, Hemarate, Hemobion
Ferrous Carbonate

Parenteral iron
preparations
Iron Dextran

Iron Sorbitex

2% oral solution: anticariogenic, TX is several years apart

1.1% in dentrifices
Insecticide, rodenticide, very corrosive
TX of osteoporosis
Better anticariogenic than naf (single application but must be freshly prepared
TX of osteoporosis
Refrigant
Former propellant (Isobutane is now used)
Only metallic & radioactive halogen
Cofactor in phosphorylation, protein, fatty acid & cholesterol synthesis
Toxicity: similar to Parkinsonism
Principal ore of manganese
Most abundant noble gas
Substitute for N as inert atmosphere
Least abundant noble gas
Investigational inhalational general anesthetic
Investigational inhalational general anesthetic
Tx of cancers

Fe2O3
FeS2
FeCO3
FeCl3

Astringent, styptic

Astringent, styptic
Styptic

FeSO4 . 7H2O

Pentahydrate
Less irritating than sulfate
More stable than sulfate
Pills

Colloidal Ferric
Hydroxide +
Partially
Hydrolyzed
Dextran
Complex of Iron,

10

INORGANIC MEDICINALS

junio,
Sorbitol, Citric
s.a.m.
Acid

TGBTG

Potassium
ferrocyanide
Potassium
ferricyanide
Ferrous ferricyanide
Ferric ferrocyanide
92-94% Iron
99.85 -99% Iron

Yellow Prussiate of Potash

K4 [Fe (CN)6]

Red Prussiate of Potash

K3 [Fe (CN)6]

Turnbulls Blue
Prussian Blue
Cast/Pig Iron
Wrought Iron
Gray Cast Iron
Cementite

Fe3 [Fe (CN)6]2

Fe4 [Fe (CN)6]3

Fe(I) that was run into sand mold

Fe (brittle) formed after rapid cooling

Co

Cobalt
Cobaltous chloride
Cobalt zincate
Cobalt Metaaluminate

Lovers Ink, Sympathetic Ink

Rinmanns Green

Nickel
Nickel
carbonate/sulfate
Nickel pectinate

Old Nicks Copper, Kupfernickel

CoZnO2

Thenards Blue
Used in fancy jewelry, causing Nickel Itch (contact dermatitis)
Former parasiticide (sulfate) and tonic
Tomectin

Formerly for TX of diarrhea

Monazite
1st Triad

Ferrous Metals
(Iron, Cobalt, Nickel)

2nd Triad

Platinum/ Noble Metals

(Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium)

Chief source of Thorium Oxide, contains Cerium

Fe
Co
Ni
Ru
Rh
Pd
Os

3rd Triad

For development of RBC & Hgb

Central metal ion in Vit. B12 (Co2+)
Enhances foam of beer
Permanent magnets
Dessicator (blue if dry, pink if wet)

Platinum/ Noble Metals

(Osmium, Iridium, Platinum)

See individually
Its complexes may be anticancer
Catalyst in organic reaction
Heaviest, most dense metal
Used in staining for electron microscopy (as tetroxide & osmic acid)

Ir
Pt

11

Catalyst in organic reaction

For testicular & ovarian cancer (as Cis-diamine dichloro platinum II or Cisplatin
Carboplatin)