SAFETY TRAINING RESPIRATORY PROTECTION WY ———————E ee DATE: CHECKED BY: DATE: NUS Sepa {510 Clopper Road Gatherbure Maryland 208788261 ‘Oz 4equiardas ‘eoyawy Jo sareig PeYUN ay U! palUulig suoneiodiog SAN Jo uojssjuued usm ain InoyiM unio} Aue u! paonposdas aq you ysnus yoasat ued Aue 40 400q siy, “paniesox SIUBU IIy uonesodiog SAN Aq 8/61 2YBHAdog ®GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR STUDENTS The Respiratory Protection training unit is composed of a one-hour video- tape presentation and an accompanying text. The videotape program is divided into five segments, and the text corresponds to the tape in both organization and basic content. The recommended sequence of instruction is as follows: 10. After the instructor's introductory remarks, read the segment objectives found in the bleck at the beginning of the first segment. Briefly discuss the segment objectives with the instructor and other class members. View the first segment of videotape. Read the text segment that corresponds to the first segnent of videotape. Answer the questions included in the text segment. Check your answers against the answers given at the end of the unit. Participate in a class discussion of the material in the seg- ment. Ask any questions you might have concerning the mate- rial in the videotape and the text, and note any additional information given by the instructor. Before going on to the next segment, be sure that you under- stand the major concepts presented and the answers to the text questions. WORK THROUGH ALL SEGMENTS IN THIS MANNER. A quiz covering the material in the entire unit (all five segments) will be administered by the instructor after the unit has been completed. Additional instruction and testing may be given at the discre- tion of the instructor in accordance with plant requirements. This recommended sequence may be modified slightly by your instructor due to scheduling or other special considerations.Section Le La ez) 1.3 2. 21 2.2 2.3 3. 3.1 3.2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Respiratory Hazards . Particulates Toxic Gases and Vapors . Oxygen Deficiency . Air Purifying Respirators .........6 Filter Masks Chemical Cartridge Respirators Gas Masks ... Air Supplied Respirators ... Self Contained Breathing Apparatus . Remote Air Supply Respirators ...... Fitting of Respiratory Apparatus ... Medical Problems .......++ Fitting Problems . Fitting Tests .... Use and Care of Respiratory Apparatus Safety Precautions for Working in Hazardous Atmospheres . Inspection and Cleaning of Respirators 3-1 3-2 3-8or-€ ee ee “ce ee ae ez oz s-z ' ** 4saj ujoog burzas4 2581 qing pue sapmog ++ 4sa1 (10 eueueg “+ aaolg pasomod-pueH YIIM SCH aSOH soeardsay Gurzseig aniseuqy sereesees mol gaty soaeutdsay auLy sty sreseeeees woLsany snqeueddy GuLuzeaag paulequog-s1as 3LnoW19 pasoly tress sdeaag agoydace 4 aur GuLasntpy trevesessees goaudaoey aya uo BuLzang + 4078 nBay 243 03 asoH ayz BuLyoeIay reteeteeees oayeq purwag ay2 Buluadg ++ aBeyeay a2aidazey 40; 48a) uoLgaNs ++ anleA yuel ay2 uo Buyusny ++ squeg snaeseddy Buyyqeaug pauyezuog-s1as 3Lnd419 uado a *wo\ July sngeueddy Buryreaag paulequog-s1ag 3¢no419 uado sree sngpueddy Bulyzeaag paulezuog-41a5 34nD419 pasoLd sereceeeons snqpacddy Suryzeasg pauyequog-s1as 1n2419 uado Seana asoulscotar acura +++ 4oqeaydsay abpraquey (eoqway9 avey-4,eH a6pt434e9-Leng coeeea squeutweu0g sode, pue ‘seg ‘ayeynorqueq oy Sa6pi4qu29 TTF ySRH daaLty 3124 aLesNoY ++ ysey 4aait4 vadeg asn-arbuts att SNOTLYYLSATIT 40 LSTT ey ab Io vI-e er-e 2I-€ -€ Ore 6-€ ae Le 9-€ ve ee ee IeJe Sniff Tester Harness and Lifeline . Respirator Inspection Check list Disposal of Oxygen-Generat ing Canisters Page 5-2 593 5-4 5-4 5-5AL p-ddy SYOLWYIdSIY 40 SNOLLVLIWIT ONY S3ILITIEvdYS 2-ddy s39aTuLuva ONY SUBISINYI YOLVUTdSIY OL O3NDTSSY SYOT0I T-ddy NOILIFISS WOLVYIdSIY sav seRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 1, Respiratory Hazards Protection from breathing hazards in an industrial setting depends on a combination of engineering controls to reduce hazards and the proper use of respirators to protect workers from hazards that cannot be eliminated from work areas. OBJECTIVES: . Give examples of the three basic categories of respi- ratory hazards, ¢ Name one type of respirator appropriate to each of the three categories of respiratory hazards. All respiratory hazards can be grouped into one of three basic categories: particulates, gases, or oxygen deficiency. The selection of the appro- priate respirator depends on both the type of hazard and its severity. The most dangerous atmospheres are termed "immediately dangerous to life or health." In such an atmosphere, an unprotected person cannot breathe for half an hour without irreversible physical effects. Less harmful, but still hazardous atmospheres are called "not immediately dangerous to life or health." A hazardous atmosphere not immediately dangerous to life or health may cause immediate discomfort or irritation, produce harm after prolonged exposure, or cause chronic poisoning after repeated short expo- sures. Adequate respiratory protection is only achieved when personnel are trained in the selection, use, and care of respirators. Several different kinds of respirators will be discussed in this unit, but first, an inves- tigation of the three basic categories of respiratory hazards is necessary to provide a basis for the selection of respirators.asned Aayy ‘*puezey 4ayoue aue sjsnp pue sawns Gulonpoud-uanray “Bul yyeaag pauoqe, asned pue sauesquau yz [1aMS YOLYM ‘sULse4 2IqSeId puR ‘ssaqLs aiqeyaban ‘uajjod ay1 ‘saoueysqns Suranpoud-ABua][e ase snosabuep ssaq suseag 243 pur ‘arly aya ‘sfauply ayz se yons suebso Apog a1j42ads y9eq7e yey ‘4aDUeD Bus pn; Uy *suo1qoea4 94x03 40 AyaLuen e asned fayg ‘sBun| 343 YBNosyy wea4aspooig aya OU! paguosqe ase s3snp asay3 Udyy “suOsLod D1wWaISAs aue ‘sje sazeW BAL 49e ~OLpes so *sapiaizsad ‘asaueBuew ‘pea, Buluyequod sysnp se yons ‘saoueqs -gns 4ay3q “sanssia Gun, ye Aeme yea pue ewe(yus ‘spunodwo> aurleyie 4O pide BuluLezuor sfeads so s3siw se yons ‘squeztusy [eoywey) “wauUeW wes 243 UL Apoq ay3 uodn 42e sayeinosqued snopuezey AL[e12U9I0d [Le YON w'Bun| 921 qy pal Led aseasyp Gun, Gu1ze31{1Gap aya asne> Aew ySnp jeo> 03 aunsodxe pazeada. pue pabuoy Odd "S1SOISBGSE UO S{SOD{[1S WOdJ UGeap UL Z[NSE4 AeW YOLYM ‘sESOUGLS aaysuazxe asne> salaiqued soysaqse pur eay[1s [Lym ‘abewep ewLUsW asneD UL} do Uoud, wody sauny YO $4snq *S1sougLy A4eUOW[Nd se UMOU UOLZLPLOD © UL Burainsa4 ‘sGun, 243 UL SyyMosB asne> saqeinoiqued auos “auanas B4ow aq Aew Kayz 40 ‘unuiwnye 4o Sazeo1 [1s BuluyequoD sysnp xq pases asoyz se yons ‘adfy o4s19adsuou “pliw Alanlzelad e Jo aq Aew satancuy Bun] *paleyus uayr sua goud Bun, Jo abued e asne9 ued saze{noiqued 49430 swayg Jo asodsyp 04 A311 1Ge S,Apoq ay pavoxa aya uayM sBun| 243 09 aBewep Lenquana asneo few sysnp aouesinu 40 saLziquenb abuse, Avy “uoL yey wut pue qMoswoos,p asneo Kew fayy nq ‘paleyu! ay KunfuL asnes 0} UMOU JOU au4e S3SNP asay, ‘*SLOSOUae ‘449UL 4O ‘2OURSLNU se paLyisse[d aue Kay, *S49aJ +48 4OuLw A[AALIeJS4 BACY BPLXO wNULWN[e 4o BUOzZSAWL| ULezUD eYyI $3SNg +4ay4om paz29q0Jdun 343 uodn $128448 41843 UL Jagytp Sa[91qued susoqare yo suoLzesquaDUCD pue Spuly quasasiq ‘seade yJom UL Sp4ezey Gulyzeaiq aqeedo AW Sys} 4o ‘sauny *sheuds ‘sysnp snolueq ‘ule 243 YyBnouyy passadsip 4a33eM pinbs| so PLLos JO Saldbqaed [ews ave ‘sLososae pal[ed os[e ‘squeULWezUOD |yze[Nd1qWed saqe[NtWeg = UT (panut3u0>) spuezey Ksoqeaydsay —*7 NOLLOILOYd AYOLVYIdS3YRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 1. — Respiratory Hazards (continued) chills and intense fever when inhaled, but the reaction passes fairly soon. Examples are dusts containing sugar cane residue and fumes containing zinc and copper. Jobs that require some form of respiratory protection are not uncommon in industry. Dust from coal or metalworking, chemical vapors, and metal fumes from welding and forging are just a few of the hazards that might be encountered in a normal work situation. When particulate hazards cannot be controlled by proper engineering standards, workers must use respiratory equipment to safeguard their health in the working environment. The type of protection required for particulate contamination depends on the type and concentration of the contaminant: the hazard may be either immediately or not immediately dangerous to life or health. If the hazard is not inmediate, an air purifying respirator or an air line respirator is usually sufficient. For immediately dangerous atmospheres, a pressure- demand self-contained breathing apparatus or an air line respirator with an auxiliary self-contained air supply is the best choice. Questions Matching: Place the correct letter in each blank. 1-1, ___ Particulates immediately A. —_‘Fever-producing dangerous to life or 8. Pressure-demand —self- health contained breathing ap- paratus or air Tine res- 1-2, ___ Particulates not inmedi- pirator with auxiliary ately dangerous to life self-contained air supply or health C. Black Jung dD. Air purifying or air line 1-3. ___ Asbestos dust respirator E, Systemic poison 1-4. Zine fumes Fe Asbestosis 1-5. ___ Coal dust 1-6. 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Respiratory Hazards (continued) Gases that interfere with the supply or use of oxygen in the body, without directly affecting breathing, are called asphyxiants. Asphyxiants can work in either of two ways. Simple asphyxiants are inert gases that displace the air in an area, diluting the oxygen content until not enough remains to support life. Chemical asphyxiants prevent the blood from supplying oxygen to the cells or prevent the cells from using oxygen: While large quantities of simple asphyxiants are required before negative effects are pronounced, chemical asphyxiants are dangerous in minute con centrations, When oxygen starvation sets in, the result may be permaneni brain damage or death. Nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane are all simple asphyxiants. Chemical asphyxiants include carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide. Anesthetic gases cause loss of sensation and unconsciousness by depressing the central nervous system; they put a person to sleep. The first effects are dizziness and loss of coordination. Continued exposure causes uncon- sciousness, and possibly death from respiratory paralysis. All organic gases are anesthetics; some are more dangerous than others. The following are a few example Methane Ethane Propane Ethylene Acetylene Methyl and ethy] alcohol Methyl and ethyl ether Chloroform Carbon tetrachloride Toluene disocyanate Epoxyethane Benzene Toluene xylene Nitrous oxide+Apoq 4,qud B43 S4ano9 3eYI FEMS paliddns 4Le ue ueAM 4SnuU SuaxJOM “quasaud st puezey 30 adfy siyy vayy “ULYS 243 YILM 39eIU0D UL BULWOD Aq Alaaau waey quauewsad asned ued ‘anoge paySt| suostod 1uaysKs ayy JO awos BuLpn{2uL ‘suoden pue saseB [euanas “uLyS 49 YGnoJyy paquosqe aq ued 42u} Squeutuequo> Joden pue seb woss pautnbas si uoly9a}04d [eUOL 3! pPY (‘uo1yoa1as uoqestdsas uo siteaap oy ‘xtpuaddy *T aiqe] aas) “aura 40 yybuat quoys e 404 uoLyoaq0Ud quaLoLy -4ns si ySew se6 paro.dde ue ‘squeULWeqUOD snoaseb Jo asnecaq sno.iabuep Alayeypawwt sesaydsouye wous anosau uc adeosa ul asn fouabusue soy “pasn ALeuaua6 st Aiddns aye paupequoo-slas fuey|txne ue yim JoqeAtdsad duLL ape ue 4O snqeuedde BuLyzeaug paulequos-s1aS puewap-aunssoud e “y9Le3y 4O aytl 07 snousabuep ALazeLpauuL sasaydsouje UT *pasn aq few soqeatdseu BULL JEP Ue ‘ALaqeUUazLy “UOLyDEIOJd qUBLOLJJMS si aYe ayy UL queULwey -uo2 a4} 405 pauB.sap AL Leorsivads aBpraqueo e uaLM ozeatdsas BuLsytund aye ue ‘431234 4o aJt| 0} Snouabuep ALaqeipawuy FOU st puezey ay3 AUN *ypLBay YO aJt{ 07 SnouaGuep ALaqeLpawuL you Jo ALazeLpaUMA sy audydsouge U3 4ayzaYM zp4eZeY aya Jo AyLuanas a4] UO spuadap puezey ay aue saseb 21x03 auaym savaydsouye ul papuewap UoL422304d Auoqeatdsa4 yo adey aul waysks snoadau *g4eay *SKaupLy - apl4olyo [AUIaW (anaau 2130 ay AL LeLdadsa) waySks Snoasay - Loyor[e [AYIAW Modseu auog - auazueg SABUPLY “4OAL] ~ epLoLyoEp auaLAUIa SAOUpLY f4aAt] - apisojyoesqay uogseg 4eAatl *S[L89 poolg - auysay uaaids ‘uant] - apjualas uaboupcy waqshs Auoqestdsay - apysins ua6oupry sauog - sno4oydsoud spue [6 ‘sfaupiy ‘uayshs snoasaN - £undvaH rqoayse Kay; Sanssiy aya pue suostod 91wazsks snoase6 Jo 4SiL e@ St BUIMOLLOJ ay, “4soURD 4O ‘sLsxleued ‘aGewep oF ~URB40 aLqLssaradut asneo pue sanssy3 alqiqdassns a4z UL ayeLNUNDIB sULxoy, asauy ‘sbun| 243 yBnosyy weauyspooiq a4; o4Us paquosqe UaYM “sUostod 21u~—07 ~SAS pal [b> ave sanssiy pue subs Apog oty1oads Kouysap yeyy saseB 21x0) (panujquoo) spaezeH Ksoqeaydsoy —*T NOILOALO’d AWOLVUTESIYRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 1. Respiratory Hazards (continued) Quest ions Matching: Place the correct letter in each blank. 1-7, ____ Irritant A. Carbon monoxide B. Chloroform 1-8. ____Asphyxiant Cc. Mercury D. Armonia 1-9. ____ Anesthetic 1-10. __ Systemic poison 1.3 Oxygen Deficiency Oxygen comprises approximately 21% of normal air by volume. Without oxy- gen, most forms of life cannot survive. When an atmosphere does not contain enough oxygen to support human life indefinitely, that atmosphere is called oxygen deficient. Many areas of modern industrial plants may be oxygen deficient. Tunnels, shafts, and enclosed vessels such as tanks often do not contain enough oxygen to keep a person alive. The oxygen in a confined area may be consumed by fast combustion, such as burning, or by slow oxidation pro- cesses such as organic decomposition or rusting. If a confined area must be entered for maintenance or other work, it must be ventilated to provide a constant supply of fresh air. If adequate ventilation is not possible, the worker must use a respirator that supplies air. In oxygen deficient atmospheres, several types of respirators can be used to supply air. The responsible person(s) selects the appropriate equipment for each situation based on the specific situation and hazard. (See Table 1, Appendix, for details on respirator selection. Section 5 of this text includes safety procedures for entry into confined areas.) Quest ion 1-11. True or False. For work in oxygen deficient atmospheres, a respira- tor that supplies air must be used. 1=e7)RESPIRATORY PROTECTION 2. Air Purifying Respirators Air purifying respirators are personal respiratory protective devices that filter out or chemically remove contaminants from the air. Most air purifying respirators are used as protection from hazardous particulates and gases only when the hazard is not immediately dangerous to life and health - that is, where prolonged or repeated exposure to the contaminant may be harmful. Three basic types of air purifying respirators are filter masks, chemical cartridge respirators, and gas masks. These three types of respirators share a common limitation: they do not supply the user with oxygen. AIR PURIFYING RESPIRATORS MUST NOT BE USED IN OXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHERES - AN AIR SUPPLIED RESPIRATOR MUST BE USED INSTEAD. OBJECTIVES: © Give examples of situations where filter masks, chemical cartridge respirators, and gas masks are appropriate protective equipment. « Explain why the selection of cartridges for chemical cartridge respirators depends on the type of contami- nant, © Explain why air purifying respirators must never be used in oxygen dificient atmospheres. 2.1 Filter Masks Filter masks protect the user from particulates. The masks work by physi- cally filtering out particles of a given size, while allowing air to pass through to the user. Filter masks are often used in dusty conditions, such as insulation work or coal handling, or where liquid sprays are being used, as in spray painting, FILTER MASKS PROTECT AGAINST PARTICULATES ONLY -THEY OFFER NO PROTECTION AGAINST VAPORS OR GASES.S,dasn ayy 4aA0 paoeid S| avardasey ayy “paddi oun 4481 $1 deugs uaMo] 343 pue ‘y9eq UL 48432603 paddii9 st deugs vaddn ay, *pauasoo, ave sdesqs y30q ‘uo ynd aq 03 SL ysew ay3 UaYN ~qUeWaLe 492{LJ a_qeade[dau e pur ‘sde44s peay alqeasnfpe omy ‘aoaldaves uagqqns e avery (2-¢ aunBl4) SySeW 4azL Ls 3124 *Klaitutsapus pasn aq few aoaydasey ay3 al tum ‘papaau se pase daa SL quauela 4azLLs 943 falqesmau St ySew 4azLL3 3134 BY, “AEM UMO’Ya way pue ‘duo pasn si 31 - asn a[Guls e 404 papuegul si ysew saded a43 yeyy St ySPw 493[L4 7194 347 pu ySeM Uaded ayz Ua—Myaq adUaJas stp KueULud ayy aoe[d UL ¥SPW ay} PLOY 02 peay $,4asn ay2 Jo yOeq a4} pUNove sa0b purg 2138e18 ays “¥SEW ayz Jo SaPLs ay} punove BuL yea, wosy 4Le pa4azLtyun quanasd pue SunoqUu0d [P1oeJ YozeW 0} asoU s,tasn 243 Jo a6pLuq 343 4aA0 quaq Si [P85 AY, ‘@PLSUL YZ UO WeOY YILM [eIEW ay0S yo divgs e SL [eas asou alqeasnfpe ayy “savod ayy ueyy uabse, aue yey; sa[otq4ed yno BuLy201q [LYM yBnosyy ssed 0} 4Le smol[e uaded 4azL Ly ey, *aZIs Ue[NBau e 30 Savod aidossoudiw yzim uaded 493,14 Jo apew S| avaidaoes ay, “pueq 2148B12 uw pue ‘Leas asou alqeisnfpe ue ‘avaidaces vaded e 40 S3sisuo> ysew saded ayy omy 342 40 3SeLduEs 9u3 SL ‘T-2 dunBL4 UL UMoYs ‘ySeW vaded ays *ysew 493,14 4124 aLgesna4 ay3 pue “ysew Jaded asn-a/6urs 943 sn K{LeIpdKy ave SASeW 4az[14 40 SAdKz OM) (panut3uos) suogeaydsay BULAJLand wty —*2 NOLLIALOUd AYOLVYTES3YRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 2. Air Purifying Respirators (continued) mouth and nose, and then the upper strap is slipped over the head so that is passes around the back of the user's head. The lower strap is clipped together at the nape of the neck, and both straps are adjusted so that the mask makes an airtight seal against the user's face. The straps should be adjusted tightly enough to prevent unfiltered air from leaking around the sides of the facepiece, but not so tightly that the mask is uncomfortable to wear. Filters should be replaced whenever breathing through the mask becomes difficult. When the mask has been in use in a dusty environment, particles that are filtered out remain on the filter medium, gradually blocking off the free movement of air through the filter. If the filter mask is to be worn for an extended length of time, the filter should be replaced before the work begins. This enables the user to work longer without being inter- rupted by the need to change filters. When breathing through a paper mask becomes difficult, the mask is disposed of and a new mask is used. FILTERS MUST ALWAYS BE REPLACED WHILE IN A SAFE ATMOSPHERE - NEVER IN THE CONTAMI- NATED AREA.(-sapoo dood pue sabpiaques aiqelyeae jo 4st e 404 ‘xipuaddy *2 aiqry ees) *e-Z eunB1y UE UMOYS Se “qUaqJoS [BDLWYyD B49 07 UOLFLppe UL jUBWaLa 4aIL Ly B® urequoo suodea pue sase6 se [1am se saqe[noizued enowe4 3243 saBpia =34e] ‘adardaoey aues ayy Uo A|qeabueyoiaqu! pasn aq Kew yUeULWeIU09 42430 Aue 4o sapiai3sad ‘suoden sLue6vo *se6 eiuoume Joy sabpLaqueg “ay qe sere ae saBplique 40 sadfy Auey -queuswequo> Jo puly auo enous 03 paubisap Alepoads sy yoiym “FUSqIOS e paleo [eysaqeW ue[MueJG e suLeqUoD abpis -3dv9 yey “Suoden pue sase6 snosaBuep GuLaowea A [eD1waYy> Aq ysOM suoqed ~tdsau aBplaqae> [eWay *|njuuey aq Aew saunsodxa paqeada. 40 pabuoy oud auaum 4ng ‘yALeay JO B41| 09 snouabueP ALayeLpauM FOU st puezey a43 euayM Kuo pasn aq Kew fay, *saqeinoiqued pur ‘suoden ‘sase6 wors Jo ‘saoden pue sase6 snosa6uep wouy sasn ayy yosq}0ud sucqesidseu abpysq4e> [eoLWeY9 Saoqestdsay Sbp} 4742) [eoyweyy —2°z *aimopss4p seuoo -2q sew 249 yBno.1yg GuLyreag uayN pare_dar aq ysmu suaqtLy “Pz *uoL 3993040 493389 Sapynoud yseu JagL14 3184 943 FUR SE ySeU 484LL4 2184 8y3 pue ysew saded 243 udeMyaq aouaJeyJIP ULE ayy “ere ssuoden pue sase6 40 SpuLy OMA 4O BuO zSULeBe anLyd—asJa ALUO a4e Koy3 - SBzE[NDL7 ded Wous UOLzD9I0Id 40} paUBLsop A[LueWLUd sue sySeW 4adLL4 ard *saaaydsouye qUaLo =}Jap uaBAxo UL pasn aq uanau Isnw suozesydsa4 BuLAJLnd aly “12 rasyey 40 andy Suorysanh (panusquos) suoqeatdsay Buxstung ay 2 NOILISLOUd AYOLWYLESTYRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 2. Air Purifying Respirators (continued) Before starting a job with a chemical cartridge respirator, each worker should receive instructions from his supervisor on the type of cartridge required for the hazard. A job must always be started with a fresh cart- ridge. The chemical sorbent becomes less effective with use. Each cart- ridge is rated by the concentration of gas for which it is effective and its maximum service life in a dangerous atmosphere. When a cartridge has reached the limit of its maximum service life, or whenever the user smells the contaminant throught the mask, the cartridge must be changed. It is not safe to assume a longer than normal service life for cartridges used in Jess than maximum concentrations. Several styles of chemical cartridge respirators are available. Some cover the whole face, and some only cover the mouth and nose. One special device, the self-rescue mouthpiece respirator, consists of a cartridge, a mouthpiece, and a nose clip. The nose clip pinches the user's nostrils shut while he breathes through the mouth. This respirator is intended for emergency use only, to provide protection just long enough for a worker to escape a contaminated area. For routine use, both single- and dual- cartridge respirators may be used. The respirator shown in Figure 2-4 is a dual-cartridge half-face chemical cartridge respirator; it covers only the nose and mouth, not the whole face.savatdasey aues ayz uo K|qeabueyousquy pasn aq ued squeujwezucs quavassip 40s paublsap saBpyuquey —*g-z *saqeino.qued you - X[uo sucden pue sase6 wo4J sasn ayz 3993040 suoqeutdsau abpjugueo jeowwey) “SZ ras[ey do anay ‘suo; ysenh *pauaaooun ade si@luy are ayy [LqUN ‘saps aya punoue GuLyeal 4Le ou YyzLM ‘pasde,[od uLewas p_MoYs 3L pue *aoeJ s,uasn ayy Sp4eMo} UL payxONS aq pLMoys ySeW sy, “YINOW pue asou ayy YGnosyy saLeyu wasn ayy ‘spuey a4; YZIM SzeLUL 4Le a6pLsqueDd ayz BULyx20Lg “pauojuad st = 4883 uolgons aya - [eas poob e 40s 3589 aidwis ev ‘uo gnd aue suoqeaydsau abpp4qued [e21waY> awey yey *yIeU a4y7 Jo adeu ay7 3F sdLLO deuqs samo! uz pue ‘pray ay2 so y9eq ay2 punove sa0b deuys ueddn ay “¥SeW 4arLLy Las 943 UO Busggnd 03 {puis st soqeardsad aovj-spey Aue uo BuLzang (panuzu09) suoqeatdsay Burkytang aly + NOILIALOYd AVOLVUTdS3YRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 2. Air Purifying Respirators (cont inued) 2-7. The kind of cartridge used is not important, as long as the respirator has cartridges in it. 2-8. A worker should always start a job with a fresh cartridge. 2-9, The suction test is required every time a chemical cartridge respirator is put on. 2.3 Gas Masks There is one important difference between gas masks and chemical cartridge respirators. Gas masks are rated for emergency use in atmospheres imme- diately dangerous to life or health; chemical cartridge respirators are not. Gas mask canisters contain a sorbent that works the same way as the sorbent in a chemical cartridge, but gas mask canisters are larger and offer more protection against dangerous gases. Gas mask canisters are similar to chemical cartridges in that canisters protect against specific kinds of contaminants. The color coding system for gas mask canisters is identical to the system for chemical cartridges (Table 2, Appendix). In addition to canisters that protect against only one or two specific kinds of contaminants, a multiple-protection, or uni- versal Type N, canister is available. The Type N canister protects the user from carbon monoxide, acid gases, anmonia gas, organic vapors, and particulates. This "universal" canister has one important drawback: its service life is much shorter than that of canisters designed for one specific contaminant. The Type N canister contains sorbents for each of the gases it affords protection against, and it packs them all into the same amount of space as an industrial size canister for a single contam- inant. Consequently, each sorbent has a shorter useful lifespan.8-2 Jo quis 843 4aAO paysnd au sdeugs 943 ‘g-z a4nBy 4 UL UMoYs ySeW seb aLhys uLyd ay} uo ind oJ ‘UO 4nd Ss! ySeU ayy 4azye pue auoyaq YI0q paUdoysod aq Sw $9} UoLyONS ay *4eAM aALssaDxa Uo aBeuep Jo sUBLS 40s 4azstUeD yy pue adardaoes a4} 32edsuL ysnW 4asn a4z ‘yseW seB e UO BULzand auojag *sdeuys Jaqqna JO quaua6uedse uouWoD aiow ay3 40 peagsus sazardpeay aiqeasnfpe o13SeLd PLB14 aney aos ynq ‘g-z a4nbsj ul uNoYS se savaidaoes [ [ny aaey syseW se6 [ly ‘@WL} JO unoWe Jabuo, e 40J UOLz2@I0Ud an1q2—44@ apLAoud ySoU pur ‘yseu a[X3s uLyo ayy Ueya suazsiueD Jabuae| aAeYy syseW seb asay) *y2eq 4o 4Say> S,4asn ayz 03 49zS{UeD ayz aund—s 0} sassauseYy aney suBLSap 19439 sa9e1 dears yz JO ULY> BYz WOAS pazsoddns sy uaySLUeD [[PUS ALaALZeL4 BYR + ¥SeU $6 9147S ULYd e SMOYS g-z aunBLy *Sa[AZS Jo KyaLueA e UL aUIOD SySeW Seg saloym e se 4aqsiueo @Y} JO UDLILPUOD |Y3 aUjuazap 0} pasn aq yOuUeD 4] ‘suodeA >1Uebu40 pue ‘Se6 eLuouwe ‘sase6 ploP 40j squaquos ay} JO UOLzLpuoD aya [eeAad JOU Saop Joae2.puL auj *uoLoD saBueY> 4oIwDLpUL aya ‘parsneUxa st apLxoUoU uoques aroues 03 AZLL Lge $,teqzSlued |yz UayM “yUaqJos apLxoUOW UOqueD YI 40 UOL3Lpuod ayy SMOYS 7249 MoputM 4OZBD{ put Ue aAeY SuazsLUeD N BdA_ (panuyquoo) saozesdsay Gulxstang aty —*Z NOTLO3LOUE AYOLWYTASaYRESPIRATOR PROTECTION 2. Air Purifying Respirators (continued) the mask, and the mask is placed against the user's face. Then the straps are pulled over the user's head and adjusted to a comfortable fit. When the mask is on, it should be held securely against the user's face, but not so tightly that it is uncomfortable. 2-10. Gas masks are rated for use in atmospheres immedi- ately dangerous to life or health. 2-11. The multiple-protection, Type N, gas mask canister has a (Tonger, service life than canisters designed for a single contami~ shorter), nant. 2-12, The indicator window on a Type N canister shows the condition of the sorbent. 2-13. Whenever a gas mask is put on, a test should be performed to check the effectiveness of the facepiece seal.RESPIRATORY PROTECTION 3. Air Supplied Respirators OBJECTIVES: @ Describe the relative advantages and disadvantages of remote supplied and self-contained air supplied respira- tors. © Explain the difference between closed and open circuit self-contained breathing apparatus. ¢ Explain the value of a pressure-demand feature on a self-contained breathing apparatus for work in atmos- pheres inmediately dangerous to life or health. @ Put on a self-contained breathing apparatus. Air supplied respirators include all devices that deliver air or oxygen to the user from a source independent of a contaminated atmosphere. Many types of air supplied respirators exist, but they are easily grouped into two broad categories: self-contained breathing apparatus and remote air supply respirators. With self-contained breathing apparatus, the user carries the air or oxygen supply; with remote air supply gear, air is delivered from a remote location through a hose or air line. Each category has advantages and disadvantages. Attached to a compressor, a remote air supply respirator can deliver air to the user for an unlimited amount of time - but mobility is limited by the length of the air line, and air flow may be interrupted by compressor malfunctions or by damage to or kinking of the air line. Self-contained breathing apparatus can be used anywhere, anytime, without an air line - but the tank is heavy and bulky, and the air supply lasts for a limited time only. Each of these broad categories of air supplied respirators - self-con- tained and remote supplied - contains a full range of specialized equipment for different kinds of jobs. Air supplied respirators are available that protect the face, the head, the upper body, or the entire body. Since detailed descriptions and procedures for all of these specialized types are beyond the scope of this text, emphasis is placed on the types of equipment most commonly used. 3.1*a[dloupad quauassip e uo sayesado pury yoey *(2-¢ aan61.4) JpNOdLD pOso[> pue (T-E aunby 4) FAMdayo Wadd :snzeaedde Gusyqeag pausezuor-s1as yo sadéy o1seq omy aue aay (-uorqda,as dozestdsad uo Si tezap dos ‘xipuaddy ‘7 aiqe, aa) -yaLeay 4o agit 07 snosabuep A, aqe1pauu, savaydsouye ul pasn aq Aew ‘suoze41dsa4 puewap-aans -saad ‘sadky [e19ads auos *|nyw4ey aq ew aunsodxe pazvade4 uo pabuolouc auaym Sasaydsouqe ul pue sadaydsowqe quaroi4ap uaGéxo uL pasn aq Aew snyed -edde Guyyzeaig pauyequos-s1as panoudde [jy *4a3S!ue> 4o yuey e UL UaBAxC do die 40 &[ddns © sa1uuea sngeuedde bulyzeauq pauLequod-s1as e 4o 4asn aul ‘Snyeseddy Buryyesig paureqoy-5[85 1°¢ (penuyquos) suoqestdsey pariddng sty *¢ NOILIBLONE AYOLYYTdS3ERESPIRATORY PROTECTION 3. Air Supplied Respirators (continued) Open circuit breathing equipment exhausts the user's exhaled breath to the atmosphere; closed circuit breathing equipment recycles the user's exhala- tions. While each type has certain advantages, the open circuit self~ contained breathing apparatus is the most commonly used. The open circuit self-contained breathing apparatus has a tank, a harness, a regulator, and a full facepiece. Compressed air from the tank travels to the regulator, which delivers air to the facepiece when the user inhales (Figure 3-3), Two types of regulators are available. A demand regulator sends air to the facepiece at normal pressure. A pressure-demand regulator maintains 2 slight positive pressure in the facepiece at all times, en- suring that any facepiece leakage will be outward, not inward. This affords additional protection from contaminants in atmospheres inmediately dangerous to life and health.“AL azeppauuy asaydsouqe ayes e yyIm aoeid e 03 06 pue eave ayy neal PLMoYs vasn ayy ‘440 Sa0b wuele ayr UaYM “Aqua ALseBU SL yUeZ ay uaym dasn 243 S[eUBLS 7243 wMeLe Ue SapN_oUL yUaUdinbe 4pnND24L2 Uado 3SoH *pasn aue Suoze[nfa. puewap-aunssaid uaym pabuey> aq 0} sary Kew sanlen vol yeLeyx *suozeatdsau puewap-aunssaud pue puewap 431M pasn aq Kew Saraic -aoey [eoLquapL YBnoYaLy *(p-€ B4NBL4) BALEA UOLyeLeYXa UB PUR ‘asoYy 409 -P[nBas e ‘sual e ‘sdeuqs peay yzim Apoq uaqqna e Jo systsuod avaldases ayy (panuyquos) suoqeatdsay pagiddng ay *¢ NOILOBLOUd AYOLYYLdSIERESPIRATORY PROTECTION 3. Air Supplied Respirators (continued) Figures 3-5 through 3-10 show the procedure for putting on a comnon type of open circuit breathing apparatus. Certain details, such as strap and harness arrangements, vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, but the gen- eral procedure remains the same. The first step, not shown, is inspection of the equipment: the pressure gauge should register a full tank, and the facepiece should be in good condition, with no cracks or cuts. After the inspection, the tank is put on. Most models have a backpack arrangement, although some smaller tanks are slung over the shoulder. When the tank is securely on, the tank valve is turned on (Figure 3-5). The next step is the suction test for facepiece leakage, shown in Figure 3-6. With the thumb over the regulator hose air intake, the user inhales while holding the mask up to his face. The mask should collapse towards the user's face, and no air should leak in around the sides of the facepiece. If the facepiece seal is good, the regulator's demand valve is opened, as shown in Figure 3-7, Most regulators have two color-coded valve knobs. One knob, typically yellow, controls the demand valve. The other, typi- cally red, is a bypass valve. If the regulator fails, the user can open the bypass valve to send a continuous stream of air from the tank to the facepiece. The bypass valve is an emergency device in case of failure of the demand mechanism. It should be fully closed in normal use. Once the demand valve has been opened, the respirator is ready to deliver air. Figure 3-8 shows the next step: attaching the hose to the regulator. With most pressure-demand respirators, air flows as soon as the demand valve is open, so this step should be performed at the same time the valve is opened. The facepiece is put on by arranging the straps on the front of the mask, placing the mask against the face, and pulling the straps over the top of the head, as shown in Figure 3-9. The straps are then adjusted individually (Figure 3-10). The facepiece should seal well without being uncomfortably tight.9-€ (panuyquo>) suoqeurdsay paitddns viy *e NOILOBLOW ANOLVYTASIRESPIRATOR PROTECTION 3. Air Supplied Respirators (continued) Closed circuit breathing apparatus, also called rebreathers, operate in an entirely different manner than open circuit gear. Exhaled gases, instead of being expelled into the atmosphere, pass through a special canister called a scrubber that absorbs carbon dioxide and allows oxygen to pas through and be recycled by the user (Figure 3-11). Some types of close circuit equipment, called oxygen-generating apparatus, use the water vapor in the user's breath to activate a chemical that releases oxygen - thus generating fresh oxygen from the user's exhalations. Other rebreather: have a small tank of oxygen and a scrubber, with no oxygen-generating capability. Both types of closed circuit apparatus have one main advantage over open circuit gear: since exhaled gases are recycled, the tanks do not have to be changed as often. Scrubbers and oxygen-generating canisters do have a limited life, however, and some rebreathers include a timer to signal the user when the chemicals are near exhaustion. Compared to open circuit equipment, rebreathers have one major disadvantage: they are more difficult to use. Specialized training is necessary before using any kind of closed circuit breathing apparatus. & AYA*4amolg @ 3NOUZLM 40 YILM “{L9ad5 sMOLJ 4Fe YOLYM YEno4Yy any uaz2WeLp abel & asn sysew asoy -(2T-€ a4nBy4) sossesduoo e 4o yuez aBue| e Wouy Ale passaidwod vanzlap suozedidsau aur aly *S¥sew asoy pue suoqeatdsau ULL wLe :suoqeudsad A[ddns 41e agowa Jo spuly o1Seq OMy ave auBUL ‘saoyeatdsay A[ddns sty syousy = 2°e =paseidaa aq 0} aney you op syuez aye aouss ‘auty Jo yr6ud, Paitwi_un ue wos uabéxo ALddns ued quUaudinba yLn24L9 pasol) “be “uaLeay 40 a4t1 03 snouaBuep K1a7e1paum) sevaydsouze us pasn aq few santer puewap YzLmM snqeuedde GuLyzeaug pauiequos-spas yLnouL> uadg ~ “EE ras_e4 4o ana *2JLL yueq vabuo, BuymoLLe ‘saseB payeyxa _ sngeuedde 6uyygeaq y4nos1o pasolg *2-e vaBe yea, puemul Buy quanaud *goatdaoes ay uL upequiew s4ozeinBa4 puewap-aunssaug *T-£ SuoT asa (panuquod) suozeardsay pariddns ly *e NOLLIALOYd AYOLWYIdSIYRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 3. Air Supplied Respirators (continued) Air line respirators come in many styles. The abrasive blasting respirator (Figure 3-13) covers the entire head and the shoulders. Others use only a Facepiece, or cover the entire body to prevent absorption of contaminants through the skin. The abrasive blasting respirator maintains a constant flow of air through the headpiece. Air flows out the bottom of the cape, preventing inward leakage. Other styles use demand regulators to control airflow. A variation of the air line respirator uses an auxiliary self-contained air supply in conjunction with the air line. Typically, the self-contained tank is sized to provide enough air for safely leaving the hazardous area if interruption of the air line supply occurs.ol-e saasn ay} 03 Le 40 NOL 4 943 a3e[nBE4 0} SBALeA PueWAP exey SuozesLdsed aUL| AEE LLY *9-E *umop Sye94q 4aMoLq By} UdYM UBAB UOLZ99}04d BALyDaIJa aue SYS ASCH *G-E ras[ey so anay SuoT san sagny Susyyeauq ysew asoy e soy yz6Ua, aL qeMo|(e wnuyxew AY} SE SUOLz9aS (4azaW-%Z) 44-GZ Bauya UL Sasoy (4ateul-EZ) I4-SLY *(I-E Bun6L4) padamod puey Jo 21439818 veyzLe aq Aew suamMolg “asoy ey, yBnouyy @yII4q 0} aNULyUOD UBD 4aSN ay} ‘S[Les 4aMOLG aYF 4] “SUOLZOUNJLeW [RIL ~Ueysew 03 anp spaezey [et quazod 03 pazoafqns you St wasn ay pue ‘paurnbas SL GoaNDS ULe passeudwod ON ‘*4aMOLq B ynoYzLM 4O YZLM ‘aunssaud [ewsoU ye pattddns si sale yey, vi Suoqeutdsad aul, ase WOU aysip SyseW asoy (panuyquoo) ssoqestdsay paridans avy *e NOILI3LOUd ANOLVYIdS3YRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 4 Fitting of Respiratory Apparatus Not everyone can wear a respirator safely. There are two reasons why some people cannot wear respirators. First, people with respiratory problems cannot wear respirators, because of the extra stress they put on the lungs; second, some people are unable to get 4 good seal between the mask and their face. Individuals shoud be tested to make sure they can get a good seal and are medically fit for respirator use. Tests for checking the seal between the respirator mask and the user's face are called fitting tests. The user's physical condition must be evaluated by a physician. OBJECTIVES: © Explain why some people are not able to get a good seal with a respirator. © Name three respirator fitting tests. 4.1 Medical Problems Persons with any kind of chronic respiratory ailment may be exempted from Jobs involving the use of respirators. Chronic bronchitis, asthma, or severe allergies cause the lungs to work harder, making the additional stress of using a respirator an unacceptable risk. If a respirator user has a bad chest cold, he should inform a supervisor of his condition or seek a medical evaluation of his fitness for respirator use. 4,2 Fitting Problems Beards, eyeglasses, missing teeth, and facial structure can create special problems in respirator fitting. These and other factors can prevent a positive seal between the respirator mask and the user's face. Beards and eyeglasses with temple pieces create gaps by projecting through the seal. Anywhere that the mask is not in direct contact with the face is a poten- tial area for leaks. When eyeglasses must be worn, special arrangements must be provided for securing the lenses inside the mask. Contact lenses may not be used with respiratory apparatus because of the likelihood of irritation due to entrapment of air or particles between the lens and the a1saauqseysaul 4583 aya Buy yew ‘yGnouyy ssed cy [Lo eueueg Jo 4opo ayy mole Kew sabpLaqued 4ayjQ *7S8} [Lo eueUeG |y OJ pasn aq plMoYys s4odeA 2,uUeB40 wou UOL? 983040 apnLouL yeyr sabpraques K[uQ *[ eas pooh e sey vasn ayy ‘adaidaoey 3} SpLSUL a[qe3293ap St sopo ou 47 *aBpa ayy punose BuLyeal st yseu ay} ‘seueUeG S| [aus 4asn 243 J] “¥SeU ayy Jo SaGpa a4z punoue passed st [LO eueurg YZLM payeos ped e ‘uozeULdsau ayy SueaM ssn ay2 aLLuM “aL duLs SL 358} ayy 40 ydeou0> ayy ‘aqeyaoe [Aweost parled [e21WaYy> BuL|laus -jaams ‘Buouys & SL [Lo euEUeg ‘suodeA D1 UPB40 4Os SqUaquos Y3,M paddinba syseu seb 4o suoqesidsad aBpluques [eoiway pue suoqeaidsed pariddns ye Jo [eas ayy GuLzsay 4oy poyzaw auo si (q-p aunbiy) 3saq [Lo eueueG ey, “yyooq GuL3a4J 24a pue *4Sa3 qing pue dapHod aya ‘3597 [0 eueueg ay - WoLzDaS S1y3 UL passnostp aue sysaq aau4{ “[PaS S,iasn 4oyesidsau e jo Adenbape ayi auwiazap 02 pasn aq Aeu $383 Jo AqaLsen y syse] BUI «ety *Suoseau [PO{pau 4oJ Suozeadsea asn 0} aLqeun aur a[doad awos "ay *sasse|6axa Aq pasne> swalqoud 6uL4314 quenaad 0} adatdacey 4oqeatdsad © apysuL UuOM aq ew sasua, 39eU0J~ —“T-h r9s[24 4o andy ‘suoyasEnp *pawsojuad aq 4Smu 4S93 BuLy4Ly e ‘Leas S,4asn uoqealdsas Aue Jo Koenbape ay} aurwiazap 0] *4ayz0Ue you pue voyeaidsas Jo a[44s auo ueaM 0} AL qe Saul awos sue aungonazs [BL 924 04 anp swalqoud GuLyI1J YaLm Suosuad “punoue Aem 243 [12 Gusleas wou ySew ayy Squaraud seunquap 40 43a—Bq Jo yoe| © Yo aungonays suoq uayM suajgoud GuL4914 quasaad UD SunoqUOD [eL2e4 “yuez snqzed -edde Gulyyeaiq paulequos-Jlas e woiJ uLe Aap 243 Gusyreaig uayN [Legace $,498N 343 JO no BuLAsp ayy sanjonuy walqoud [euoY3Lppe uy “aka s,uasn (panuiquoa) sngeseddy Avoqesrdsoy Jo Bulg3ty “yp NOLISLOUd AYOLWYTdS3YRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 4. Fitting of Respiratory Apparatus (continued) The ponder and bulb test may be used for testing the fit of any kind of respirator, including those designed for particulates. While the user breathes normally through the respirator, a harmless powder is dusted around the edges of the mask (Figure 4-2). After the outside of the mas is wiped off, the user removes the respirator and examines the inside for traces of powder. Streaks indicate the locations of facepiece leaks. This test is especially useful as a diagnostic tool. If another test shows that the user cannot get a good seal, the power and bulb test may be used to show ere the mask leaks.suo and st uoqeatdsaa e auyy fuera uasn ayy Aq paudiosuad 2g pLNOYs “414 vozedrdseu 4oy ys24 alduss v *ysaz UoLyINS ay, *a{qtssod 4h fepaydeoes Jo puLy yuavayyip B Au plnoys [eas azenbape ue jab youues OyM suosiag “Spoygaw aasyz ayz Jo auo ySea, 4e Aq 415 aDaldarey uadoud 404. pa4s23 aq PLMoys sasn soqeaidsaa Auana SuoLqoa20Nd ayenbape aunsua o) *quawdinba 2yz 40 4s09 ayy pue £41, Lqow Jo ye, aya aue ys9q YIO0q BuLyaLy uz Jo syoequesp ULeW ay, “alqeunseaW A[4Da4,p sy abeyea{ Jo qunowe 943 asneoaq ©4583 6UL3344 Jo puly ant42aJJa SOW ayy sy 4saq yy00g BULIaLy aUL sysew 943 Jo api sul ayy wody sadues ye 243 ul euaydsouge 4523 242 JO aouasaud ayy 9979p {LJ quawdynba ayy ‘syea, uoqeatdsed ayy J] “Squaulanow gof-ayy-UO [eUMoU APPL MULS 0} SaSLouaxa sWUOJJad uasn ayy ‘3524 243 BULung *ySeW a4; JO APLSUL a4z WOAL sal dues ALP BuL yey 4oJ asoY 731 4No Ue UyLM soqeULdsau [ELD wads & suvam dasn ayy *zUaUdinba [eLoads YZLM alqeaunseaw pue al qejoazap SL qeuz avaydsouqe 4893 e UILM palLty St YZ00g aU, “Leas s,sasn Yoyeaidsa4 ® Jo Koenbape ayy 3523 04 ALM ysaq ayy St (E-p aunBL4) 3803 Ug00q BulazLs Y (panutquos) snyeseddy Avoqesrdsay yo Burzqiy “y NOILO3LO¥d AYOLVYIdSIURESPIRATORY PROTECTION 4, Fitting of Respiratory Apparatus (continued) Questions 4-3. The test shows the location of facepiece leaks. 4-4, The test is the most effective form of fitting test, because the amount of leakage is directly measurable.RESPIRATORY PROTECTION 5, Use and Care of Respiratory Apparatus Three factors influence the degree of protection afforded by respiratory equipment in hazardous atmospheres: (1) selection of the respirator, (2) the condition of the equipment, and (3) the safety precautions taken by the user. Selection of respirators is determined by the employer's written procedures and the government's list of approved respiratory equipment. (See Table 1, Appendix, for details on respirator selection.) OBJECTIVES: @ List the safety precautions required for work in hazard- ous atmospheres. @ List the additional safety precautions required for work in oxygen deficient atmospheres. 5.1 Safety Precaytions for Working in Hazardous Atmospheres The inherent dangers of working in hazardous atmospheres are compounded by three limitations imposed by the protective equipment: respirators can hamper visibility, communications, and freedom of movement. Users must cope with these limitations by carefully following approved procedures whenever work is performed in hazardous atmospheres. Most potential problems can be dealt with through careful pre-planning between partners. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD A WORKER ENTER A HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT A PARTNER OR AN OUTSIDE SAFETY MAN. Since most respi- rators make speech communication difficult, hand or line signals should be agreed upon beforehand. The job should be planned in detail before en- tering the area, so that both or all partners are aware of what must be done. Most respirators restrict freedom of movement to some extent. Even air purifying respirators, with no tank or air line, project outward from the user's face, requiring the user to move slowly and carefully to avoid accidentally dislodging the mask. If a respirator is dislodged or damaged, 5-1saadns 2 £y,qou SAEM[E ysnw ue A42Jes ayy “Aouabvewa UR Jo aSe> Uy eave ay Jaque 07 Apead Aq spueys *quaudinbsa snosaa alqeqins Bulaeam ‘uew Ayages ay, *a2{Aap andsau aiqissod e se [Lam se ‘uasn voyeArdsau ayy pue uew Aqayes ayy UaEMyaq UOLIED{URWOD Jo SUBAW e Se SaAJaS ‘eaJe qUALoL Jap ua6Axo ayy aplsyno uew s0ses e Aq Papuaz ‘auLLasi, ayL *(Z-S a4nBLy) BULLAJLL e pue ssauueY e JeAM 4SMu Pade pauLjuoD e UL GULyJON sUOKuAAg ssauaydsouye 4Ua,o1 sap UabAXO UL pasn ag Ae Ssoqeatdsas patiddns sLe ALUO suasoy> eq plnoys aunb.y JeuBIYy ayy ‘satidde puepuezs yotym 07 se yqnop Fue sp asayz 4] (-uaGAxo yTZ KLaqyewpxoudde st spe [eWAON) “%G°ET IE LaAaL unwLuLw ayy 38S ‘Spuepueys quabuLsys auow ‘49yI9 “uaBAXO XQT URYy SSal JO GuLystsuod savaydsowze yoy s4ozeuidsaa pat[ddns sre auinbau spiepueys aos *sqof yo sadXy snotuen 0} AL dde yuaquod uabAXO WNW ULW 4oJ SpuRpURyS YUasa) =41d (‘$8826 SnoJabuep sno1aeA Jo SU ye1qUa2u09 BuLanseaW uO a] gel Lene ue $39} 49430) “Satqiquenb asayy GuLanseaw uo pasn aq Aew ‘[-g aunbly UL UMOYS 499523 J4LUS, @ PaLLeD aoLAap y *SaSeB anssodxa puke yuaquod uaBAXo Jos pazsa2 aq ysnu saydsouze ay3 *4SuL4 “Auessadau ase suo anedesd Leuoraippe ‘ease pauijuor 40 quartsap uabéxo ue Jaqua ysnw uasn ayy JT +ALayeypauL eave paqeuywezuo> ay3 anes] plnoys sasn ayy ‘4 [NDL4JLP Sawosaq BuLyyeaug 41 40 (panuyquos) snqeueddy Asoyesydsay Jo aueg pue asn —°g NOTLI3LOUd AYOLVYIdSIYRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 5. Use and Care of Respiratory Apparatus (continued) visor before entering the confined area. Otherwise, both workers may be in trouble, and ro one would be aware of the emergency. A quick means of communication between safety man and supervisor must be arranged before starting the job. Line signals between the safety man and the respirator user should also be agreed on beforehand. Both the safety man and the respirator user must be equipped with all of the appropriate safety gear, including air supplied suits when contaminants may cause damage through skin absorption. uest ions True or False: 5-1. No worker should enter a hazardous area alone, unless the job takes only a few minutes. 5-2. If a respirator is damaged or dislodged in use, or if breathing becomes difficult, the user should leave the contaminated area immediately.*¥SLL 99342 & UO Papsors4 PUe payoa4D aq [LB PLNOYS Sasoy PUP ‘seA|eA *s40}D3u -uod ‘aunssaid yur, “waunzoesnuew ayy Jo suo{yoNUGSUL 343 02 BuLp40> -oe *Kiaeinba pazadsu, 3q pinoys sngesedde 6uLyzeaiq paurezu0d-4135 *(p-g aunbi4) SLL A99YI e UO JozeULdsa4 ayy JO UOL3LpuoD ayy Spuoda4 pue (¢-g aunbL4) syeay [etquaqod 4oj yoo, 0} 4aqgna ayy sayoqeuys uRLLUyoa3 ay, *UOL 41 puo> poob uy ave squed saqgna [Le yeyz aunsua suelo} UyI93 paule4y Aq suo.zoedsul A yeaq *papaau se SanleA UOLzeLeYxXa pue UOLzeLe4UL BuL oe dau “KL Lep ysew yoea 9949 plnoys suostavadng *sapso Bul x40M pOob uy Usewad ‘Aout yyy dunsua 0} A|4e[nBa4 paued|> pue pazradsuy aq ysmu suoyeuidsau LLY, ‘sdoqeatdsay JO Gusueay) pue uolyz2edsuy = 2"s *sauaydsouqe uaLo =149p uaGAxo UL pasn aq plnoys siozeutdsaa pariddns aye x[UQ “bs *4aYJOM UBYDLAGS BY} aNdsa4 pUuR RaUue 347 JaqUE KLazeLpaUML PLnoys uew Ayayes yz ‘ouaydsowze qUaL21Jep uabéxo UR UL GUL yAOM [LUM ALMDLyJLP UL aq 0} suvadde UaysoM e YI “EH (panuyquos) snyeseddy Asoyeadsay yo aueg pur asn —*g NOILOILOUd AOLVUTESIYRESPIRATORY PROTECTION 5. Use and Care of Respiratory Apparatus (continued) Respirators are cleaned by washing in warm, soapy water, rinsing, disin- fecting, rinsing again, and drying, Respirators that are used by more than one person should be disinfected after each use. Special precautions must be taken for disposal of used or outdated oxygen- generating rebreather canisters. The oxygen-generating chemical also gen- erates heat, and oxygen can react violently with oils or greases. There- fore, used canisters are punctured and submerged in pure clean water or in soapy water to neutralize the chemical (Figure 5-5). If the water has. even a slight oil film on the surface, the canister may explode. Quest ions 5-5. Respirators that are used by more than one person should be after each use. 5-6. Oxygen-generating rebreather canisters are immersed in clean water to neutralize the oxygen-generating chemical, which may on contact with grease or oi1.RESPIRATORY PROTECTION 1-1. 1-2. 1-4. 1-5. 1-7. 1-8. 1-10. 1-1. 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5. Answers True True False False True Falseana astey asiey anay asiey asiey qnass TO ay afoey aunssaud TO aunssaud anyqisod y uosqans ap}xouow vogue) 4aq.404s, Aoua6.s803 andy anay asiey ana “ob “oe “re “Ee “ee ate] “el-2 “ai-e “1-2 “or-2 “Oe (panuyquo2) saamsuy NOLLO3LOUd ABOLVETdS3YRESPIRATORY PROTECTION Answers (continued) 4-3, 4-4, 5-1. 5-2. 5-3. 5-4, 5-5. Powder and bulb Fitting booth False True False True Disinfected ExplodeAPPENDIXRESPIRATORY PROTECTION Appendix (continued) TABLE 1. Hazard Oxygen_De! ney Gas_and Vapor Contaminants Immediately dangerous to life or health Not immediately dangerous to life or health Particulate Contaminants Inmediately dangerous to life or health Not immediately dangerous to life or health. RESPIRATOR SELECTION (Updated from ANSI 788.2-1969) qa) (2) qa) (2) (3) (1) (2) qq) (2) (3) (1) (2) App.- 1 Respirator Self-contained breathing appa- ratus Combination air line respirator with auxiliary self-contained in supply Pressure-demand self-contained breathing apparatus Full face gas mask (for emer- gencies only) Self-rescue mouthpiece respira- tor (for escape only) Air line respirator Half face chemical respirator cartridge Pressure-demand breathing apparatus Full face air purifying respi- rator with filter gencies only) Self-rescue mouthpiece respira- tor (for escape only) self-contained (for emer- Filter mask Air line respiratoreats UaEM uoqeatdsed aBpliquea eorwayg dozeurdsaa aul, ary (A,uo adeasa 404) 04 -Purdsau a2atdyynow anosau-yag (Auo asn fouab sous 4O}) VaILLy URLM ySeU seg snqeaedde Buryyeauq paulequod-J13s puewap-aunssaig 2 -sddy (2) (1) (e) (2) ) uaLeay 4o aJLL 09 snosabuep £13721 pau! 3ON ugLeay uo agit 03 snosabuep £,aqe{ pau] ‘SyuRTpUyUOD Sye[MI;qaeg pue fyodeq “3eH UOLIEULGUDD (panuijuo)) NOILIITaIS YOLWUIdSaY “1 F18¥L (panujquos) x1puaddy NOILIILOUd AYOLYYIdSIYRESPIRATORY PROTECTION Appendix (continued) TABLE 2. COLORS ASSIGNED TO RESPIRATOR CANISTERS AND CARTRIDGES (ANSI K13.1-1973) Atmospheric Contaminant(s to be Protected Against Acid gases Organic vapors Ammonia gas Carbon monoxide gas Acid gases and organic vapors Acid gases, anmonia, and organic vapors Acid gases, ammonia, carbon monoxide, and organic vapors Other vapors and gases not listed above Radioactive materials (except tritium and noble gases) Dusts, fumes, and mists (other than radioactive materials) Color Assigned White Black Green Blue Yellow Brown Red Olive Purple Orange Notes: (1) A purple stripe identifies protection from radioactive materials in combination with any vapor or gas. (2) An orange stripe identifies protection from particulates in combina- tion with any vapor or gas. App.- 3*squeujwey -uod 214}98ds soy paz2a1 as aq 4smy suaqs,ueg *h[uo sase6 30 suory ~b4quaouod Mol fay4{ 224A ~49S paz {wt e fsqueusues woo 21 y12ads sos pa329] -2S aq ysnu sabpjuyie9 sasn yaim pab6o,9 awovag suagity $A2ua,9 =L49P uabéxo 40 ‘suoden *saseB wosy u0L399304d ON ‘suo qeyiwi] y ~*ddy “un Leey Jo asiL 03 snowabuep Alayerpawmt —savaydsouze UL uoLz98304d fouaBbsawe se pasn aq fey “aiae =[yeae aue suazsiue> oly -9aj04d-a[diziMW — *S8qeL -no4qued wosy vol 42a30ud se pasn aq few suagiiy UIIM Sdaqstueg — *squeu =1uequ0> soden pue seb ySOu WOAJ UOL3Da;04d Jos aldeiyeae ue suaqsiueg *saqe] -nolqaed wous uol 3297040 se pasn aq Aew suagiss uaiM saBplaqueg — *squeu ~twequo> uedea pue seb 4SOu wos U0Lz2a30ud soy algeiseae ave sa6pyaque9 *sazeL =Noyqued Was UOL32EI0Ug % jedep (6961-2"88Z ISNY) yseu seg soqeatdsau abplaques yeotweug SPU UOT, Ly Toes dsay SUOLVUIdSIY 40 SNOLLVLIWIT ONY S3ILIU@vdvI “€ FTAVL (panuyquoo) x1puaddy NOILO3LOUd AYOLWUTASTYRESPIRATORY PROTECTION Appendix (continued) TABLE 3. CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF RESPIRATORS (Continued) (ANSI 288.2-1969) Respirator Capabilities Limitations. Demand type open cir- May be used in oxygen de- Bulky, heavy, limited air cuit self-contained ficient atmospheres. supply; most afford no breathing apparatus protection from skin ir- ritation or absorption of contaminants through the skin. Pressure-demand type May be used in oxygen de- Bulky, heavy, limited air open circuit self- ficient atmospheres and supply; most afford no contained breathing in atmospheres immedi- protection from skin ir- apparatus ately dangerous to life ritation or absorption of or health; positive face- contaminants through the piece pressure prevents skin. inward leakage. Closed circuit self- May be used in oxygen de- Extensive user training contained breathing ficient atmospheres; con- required; limited air apparatus serves oxygen and permits supply; most afford no longer service life. protection from skin ir- ritation or absorption of contaminants through the skin. Hose mask and air Air supply is not limited Hose or air line re- line respirator to the amount the user is stricts freedom of move- able to carry; may be ment. To exit the con- used in oxygen-deficient taminated area, user must atmospheres under certain retrace route of entry. conditions. Hose or air line is sub- ject to being severed or pinched off. App.- 5*Auddns aust ave $0 wojydnusaquy —BULMO| -Log adeasa Joy azenbape aq ysnw We BuLyeaug paupequos-s1as Jo A\ddng Suopaea wT 9 ~"ddy spagdnasaquy si ALddns auyL aye St wo, 9089 od [PUOLyEPpe sapyroud $sauaydsouye quay o13ep -uabéxo UL pasn aq fey Sorat TEqedey (6961-2°88Z ISN¥) *kuddns aye paupequos-s.as Asey Lt =xne YaIM Joqeuldsed BULL se vorqeuLquog Tope ISTHE (panuy3uo9) S¥OLVeTdSaY 40 SNOTLVLIWIT ONY S3ILIUSvdvo “€ 318vL (panuyquos) xi pueddy NOTLIBLOWd AWOLVETESIYRESPIRATORY PROTECTION GLOSSARY This glossary contains terms pertinent to the study of respiratory protec- tion and gives the meanings of the terms in that context.raunqeuad way paseau2ap pue aunssaud paseauo 1 yo 39aJJa pausquod a4; aq A\Uo 4818 PLoS 4o pinbi, ay; 03 pabueYy> aq ued 4243 pue aunsojoua jo aoeds ayz ‘Kan200 yz spyn[s ssajwsoy £|[ewWON *sieqau uaz[ow woy UoLqezivoden uaqye ALLE ~uaua6 ‘9424S snoase6 ayy wods UoL yes -uapuos £q payeuaua6 saloiqued pilos suyea6 40 “poom ‘(eo ‘23a ‘a4o 4904 se yons S[e[ueqeu yo uolqeuozap 40 ‘yoedu pidex ‘Bulpuyu6 “6uyysnaa ‘Gut ,puey fq payesauaéd §—sataiqued pt ios cube ayy UL SaLgtundwy ‘ape go aunlon ule -499 @ UL qUeUWeZUCD e 40 jUNOWe ayL *asnp Leo2 6usleyUL £q pasnes aseasip Bun y *Apoq 43 UO UL yeAUeZS UABAKO Jo 492449 ayL +sao.qued soqzsaqse Bur jeyu fq pasneo sisouqis Aseuowind yo addy y “vols =RSuas JO Sso1 & Bulsneo saoueysqns sare aya UL saloiqued pinbt| 40 pLlos. saseg sauny sisng queujwezuos uo 13e43ua2u09 fun, »oeLa er xtydsy sisozsaqsy soLqauysauy sLosouay (panutquos) Auessoi9 NOILOILO¥d AYOLVYIGSIERESPIRATORY PROTECTION Glossary (continued) Immediately dangerous to life or health Oxygen deficient Particulates Pulmonary edema Pulmonary fibrosis Respirator Scrubber Silicosis Conditions that pose an immediate threat to life or health and condi- tions that pose an immediate threat of severe exposure to contaminants, such as radioactive materials, which are likely to have adverse delayed ef- fects on health, Not containing sufficient oxygen to support life indefinitely (Standards define the minimum safe oxygen con- centration between 16% and 19.5%.) Dusts, sprays, fumes, mists, fog, or smoke. Increased secretion of fluids into the lungs' air sacs and the spaces be- ‘tween them. A disease caused by inhalation of par- ticulates, characterized by discrete deposits of particulates and scat- tered non-elastic tissue in the lungs. Any device designed to protect the user from airborne contamination or supply the user with a respirable gas in an oxygen deficient atmosphere. A chemical used in closed circuit self-contained breathing apparatus to absorb carbon dioxide from the user's exhalations. A lung disease caused by inhalation of silica dust. G- 3vauns ~saud pue aunqesaduey woo je 37e7S Pinbl| so pLlos ayy UL A{LeusoU ave yey} saoueysqns Jo suuos snoase6 ay) =~ saoden, *snouos}og - EXO, *suoyqoea4 [22160 -Loyskyd 21x03 Guyanpoud saoueysqns — - uostod 21uaqsks *saoueysqns upe3499 Sploy pue dn sayey yeyy Leluaqew y - quaquos, (panuyquo3) Auessog NOTLO3LOUd AYOLVYT ASI