.

, ,
.: 210-7722835
e-mail: dermatas@central.ntua.gr

, , Bioreactor ,
, ,

2/28

()

( &
) ...

( ..)

/
/

3/28

: -
, ,
, , ,
, , .

Pantelis Saitas/European Pressphoto Agency

4/28

 - ;

X

(), ,
( &
) .

5/28

(
, , - )

Life Cycle Assessment

,

(.. AHP, PROMETHEE, GAIA)

6/28


( );

:
, IMBY,

(, , , , )

(, , )

- ( )

7/28

(1/2) :

2006/12/

1991/689/

2006/1013/

. 1650/1986
. 3010/2002
.

. 2939/2001


()

8/28



(2/2)

114218/1997

29407/3508/2002

50910/2727/2003

22912/1117/2005

KYA 4641/232/2006

X.Y.T.A.

KYA 24944/1159/2006

KYA 8668/2007

()
9/28

 .....

( 50910).

() ( 3536/ . 30)

10/28




, , ,
.

()
2527/23-01-2009 .3536/2007

:
11/28

&

12/28

()

()

(, /, )
( )

(Eco-Points/Parks)

(, , .)

13/28

(
)

( )

(50% ; 70%
)

(landfill tax)
(incineration tax)

: ,
(disc or star screens) .

14/28

(), , .

( )

( )

15/28

- .
.

&

:
, ,

( ,
, , ,
)

16/28

17/28

: () ()

, , (
)

() ()

30% .. ()

.

18/28

:
.

19/28

Bioreactor Landfill

Bioreactor Landfill

20/28




()

(AD)

*
* (ATT)

21/28

40-170 /

10-80 /

35 - 75 /

: 80 - 125 /
:

40 - 60 /

90 - 300 /

500-3.000 /

22/28


,
:

()

XYT

20-30/tn
40-60/tn

10-20/tn
() 100-300/tn
min

170/tn
23/28


~ 0,5tn /
4 .
4 x
0,5tn x 170/tn= 340/

340,0 .

24/28

(, , , ,
, , , , .. (..
, .)

( , , , ,
...)

, , ,
.

()!

25/28

( )

26/28

-- (, , .)

, , .

~70

27/28


: -

30%
..

()

30/38

31/38

32/38

LCA IWM (Life Cycle Assessment Tools for the Development of Integrated
Waste Management Strategies)

WARM (WAste Reduction Model EPA)

WASTED (Waste Analysis Software Tool for Environmental Decisions

model)

ORWARE (ORganic WAste REsearch)

Integrated Waste Model for Municipalities (http://www.iwmmodel.uwaterloo.ca/)

(!)

33/38

, .

.
.

34/38

,

.

35/38

RDF/SRF ( , , ..)
-
( )
(ATT)
-(ATT)

: 90% .. 70-75% ..
: 450-750-800 kWh
: ~10-20

36/38

( & )

-
-

(/)

( )

(/)

(Incineration)

300.000

150

70

(Gasification)

100.000

65

??
37/38

( / )

(mass burn incineration)

50% (, ,
, , .)

2000
(), . ()
()

, ()

( )

(. , 2009)
38/38

( ,
, , )

( ,
,
)

( , .)

39/38

bioreactor

&

(residuals)

40/38

(Finnveden et al., 2007):

.

(Environment Canada, 2008):

Issane 2008: 0,46

(DEFRA, 2007, Mayor of London Report, 2008):

/ (
)
(): , , ,
-
,

,
/

(Lipor, 2008): (

) ,

41/38

 - 2005

46% :

50% :

4% :

2002

2005

28

35 (20
15 )

20

42/38

 - 2006

(21% )

(20-35)

(35-45 )

(80-200 )
(50 )

Bioreactor

43/38

Issane WTE- ,

44/38

Issane WTE- ,

460.000 / (
/ )

: 52 MW

: 79.000
(>180.000 )

: 580 . (150 . 31
). 2/3

10km (
)

: 85 /

50%

45/38

. (
2008)
EfW

ATT

AD

.
/

100115

150

170200

100115

150

170200

15

22

30

45-65

65-94

78117

49-78

59-113

78-130

4-5

5-6,5

65-85

59-65

52-59

65-91

59-78

52-72

14-42

14-42

14-42

We
max

10-12

3,5-5,5

5,5-8,5

6,5-11

0,35

0,5

0,7-0,8

46/38

 (Lipor, Porto)

( 8 )
http://www.lipor.pt

(, , ,
,
,

, )

: ~1000 / 25 We

47/38

1.2
O

48/38


2006/12/
91/689/

2006/1013/

49/38


. 1650/1986 ( 160/16.10.86)

.3010/02
29407/3508/2002 ( B 1572/16.12.02)

22912/1117/2005 ( B 759/06.06.2005)



50/38

KYA 4641/232/2006 ( 168/13-02-06)

,
3 (.4)
20 ( ) .
29407/3508/2002
( 1572)

51/38

-
114218/1997 ( B 1016/17.11.97)

50910/2727/2003 ( B 1909/22.12.2003)

.

52/38

N. 3536/2007 ( A 42/23.02.2007)


,
. 30:

53/38


13588/725/2006 ( B 383/28.3.06)


91/689/
12
1991. .
19396/1546/1997

( 604).

54/38

KYA 24944/1159/2006 ( 791/ 30.6.2006)

"

5 (. ) .
13588/725

.. (383)
7
(.1) 91/156/
18 1991."
55/38

KYA 8668/2007 (

287/02.03.2007)

(), 5 (. ) .
13588/725 ,

.. ( 383)
7 (.1) . 91/156/
18 1991.
.13588/725/2006

.. ( 383)
. 24944/1159/206

.. ( 791).
56/38

.. 19403/1388/08/2008 ( 781 2.05.2008)

. 104/1999 (113/)
2003/28/
7 2003,
2004/111/ 3 2006
, ,
94/55/

57/38


80568/4225/1991 ( B 641/7.8.91)
,



7589/731/2000 ( 514/11.4.00)


(PCB/PCT)
58/38

. 2939/2001 ( A 179/6.8.01)



()
18083/1098 .103/ 2003 ( 606/15.5.03)
/
PC
PC,
7
7589/731/2000 ( 514)

59/38

 37591/2031/2003 ( 1419/ 1.10.03)

82/2004 ( 64/2.3.04)
98012/2001/

( 40). ,


60/38

 109/2004 ( 75/5.3.04)

.

115/2004 ( 80/5.3.04)
73537/148/1995

( 781)
19817/2000
73537/1995
... ( 963). ,

61/38

 116/2004 ( 81/5.3.04) ,

,



2000/53/
18
2000

62/38

. 1650/1986

..
...

63/38

 114218/1997 ( B 1016/17.11.97)



,
,

....
....

....
....

64/38

 29407/3508/2002


1999/31/


..

16 2010 75% 95
16 2013 50% 95
16 2020 35% 95

..

....

65/38

 50910/2727/2003
.


91/156/

(D)

....

(R)

...

66/38

 13588/725/2006

91/689/

...
(D)
(R)

..

67/38

KYA 24944/1159/2006



91/156/

..

68/38

KYA 8668/2007
()

..

69/38

70/38

71/38

72/38

(REACH)
LCA

73/38





Pay-as-you-throw,
..

74/38

>

/
75/38

76/38

77/38