By: Rodrigo Alvarado, Ethan Rapp, Camille Obert & Beau

Thompson

What is This
System?

1.What The Integumentary

System Consists of
2.What This System Does
3.Accessory Systems

What the Integumentary System

Consists
of
Skin
Hair
Nails
Glands
Nerves

What this System does

Protects the body's internal living tissues and organs

Protects against invasion by infectious organisms
Protects the body from dehydration and wind damage
Protects the body against abrupt changes in temperature
Helps dispose of waste materials
Acts as a receptor for touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold
Stores water, fat, glucose & vitamin D

Layers of Our
System

1.Epidermis
2.Dermis
3.Hypodermis (Subcutaneous
Layer)

Epidermis
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Stratum
Stratum
Stratum
Stratum
Stratum

1. The Basale Layer consists predominantly of a

basale
single row of keratinocytes; some melanocytes
spinosum
(10-25%) and Merkel cells;
granulosum 2. Several layers thick the Spinosum Layer
lucidum
contains flattened irregularly-shaped
corneum
keratinocytes & pre-keratin intermediate

is in Blue

filaments.
3. The Middle Section of the Stratum consists of
flattened keratinocytes which accumulate
keratohyaline granules (granules form keratin)
and lamellated granules (produce waterresistant chemical).
4. The Lucidum Layer is only present in thick skin
and made up of a few rows of clear, flat, dead
keratinocytes.
5. The Outermost layer, contains many layers of
cornified cells (horny cells).

Dermis
The Dermis contains two layers: papillary and reticular
1. Papillary Layer consists of:
a. Areolar connective tissue made up of loose collagen and elastic
fibers
b. Projections called papillae which contain touch and pain receptors
(Meissner's corpuscles)
i. The papillae also form epidermal ridges found on the
surfaces of palms, fingers and feet
ii. On the palm and fingers they form the fingerprints (genetic
markers of individuality)
2. Reticular layer:
a. Accounts for about 80% of thickness of dermis
b. consist of dense irregular connective tissue.
c. The Extracellular Matrix (ECM) of this layer consist of bundles of
collagenous fibers which run in parallel and opposite directions.
i. These fibers give strength and resilience (toughness) and
recoil
ii. collagen absorbs water and keep the skin hydrated
iii. Stretch marks found on the buttocks, thighs, abdomen and
breasts are due to these fibers.

is in Blue

Hypodermis
The hypodermis serves as:
The flexible connection between the skin and the
underlying muscles and bones as well as a fat
storage area.
A layer that allows the skin to stretch and move
independently of its underlying structures.
Areolar connective tissue in the hypodermis
contains elastin and collagen fibers loosely
arranged to allow this movement
A way to store energy in the form of triglycerides

is in Blue

1.Functions Of Hair
2.Nails and Their Functions
3.Glands, Why Do We Have
Them?

Accessory
Systems

Functions of Hair
Slows the exchange of heat with the environment
provides insulation, protection, and redirection of water and sweat
from the body
protects from wind and sun damage
eyelashes and eyebrows help to keep dust and small debris out of
the eyes, hair keeps dust and dirt from settling on the skin
serves as a buffer against friction (soaks up sweat which prevents
chafing and blistering)
Keeps insects from entering the body

Diseases
Melanoma- a form of skin cancer that develops in the pigment
cells of your skin
it can spread to other parts of the body in worst stages,
causing serious illness or death
caused by extreme sun exposure on the skin
Psoriasis-a skin disease marked by red, itchy, scaly patches
some cancer treatment processes cause hair to fall out due to
cells dividing and getting killed so your hair falls out when
those cells die
The primary goal of treatment is to stop the skin cells from growing so

Nails
They are formed of keratinized epidermal cells and occur on the
finger and toes. Consist of a visible area (body) and the root
(embedded in the dermis).

Glands
1. There are four types of glands, these glands secrete their contents to the
exterior unlike endocrine which secrete their contents directly into blood.
a. Sebaceous glands: produce oil (sebum) which keeps the skin oily.
The glands are attached to the hair follicle. Blockage of the gland
causes acne.
b. Sudoriferous(Sweat) glands: produce sweat or perspiration
composed of water, salt, urea and uric acid. They are coiled and
tubular shaped and of two types
i. Eccrine which is found on forehead, back of palm and soles
ii. Apocrine larger than eccrine, found in pubic regions and
secrete into hair follicles
c. Ceruminous glands: found only in the external auditory canal
where they secrete cerumen (earwax).
d. Mammary glands: are specialized form of sudoriferous gland
secrete milk.

Thanks for Listening