2 PDF

Contents
bexì Kvwnbx
(cwe KziAvb ewYZ 25 Rb bexi Kvwnbx)
Kvwnbx)
(wZxq L)
gynvv` Avmv`yjvn Avj-Mvwje
Contents
2
cwe KziAvb ewYZ 25 Rb bexi Kvwnbx

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! "# . :

:
( !"

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cKvkK
nv`xQ dvDkb evsjv`k
KvRjv, ivRkvnx-6204
nv.dv.ev. cKvkbv- 31
dvb I dv t 0721-861365
1g cKvk
gynviig 1432 wnt
wWmî 2010 Lt
\ me^Z cKvkKi \
KvR
nv`xQ dvDkb KwDUvm
wbavwiZ g~j
100 (GKkZ) UvKv gv|
NOBIDER KAHINI-2 (The lives of the prophets-2) by Dr.
Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib. Professor, Department of
Arabic, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Published by:

HADEETH FOUNDATION BANGLADESH. Kajla, Rajshahi,
Bangladesh. Ph & Fax : 88-0721-861365, 760525. Fixed Price: US

Doller: $3 (three) only.
Contents
20. nhiZ Avj-Bqvmv (Avt)
$% & ' $
cKvkKi wbe`b
Avkivdzj gvLj~KvZ gvbeRvwZi KjvY cwiZ weavb mg~n cPvi I
cwZvi j Avjvn ^xq AbyMn Av`g (Avt) _K gynvv` (Qvt) ch
hyM hyM h AmsL bex I ivm~j ciY KiQb, Zuvì ga _K gv
cuwPkRb bexi bvg Avjvn cwe KziAvb iZi mv_ DjL KiQb
Ges mZi c_ Zuvì `pwP msMvgi `qMvnx Kvwnbx eYbv Ki
gvbeZvi mvgb mZ, bvq I myìi Abycg gvb` Dcvcb KiQb|
Gme Kvwnbx Kej wPwebv`bi LvivK bq, eis GK Aweivg weQywiZ
AvjvKaviv, hvi cwZwU KYvq weKwkZ nq gvbeZvi mevP bgybv| bex
I ivm~jMYi RxebvjL Rvbv I Zv _K wkv MnY Kiv cZK
gymjgvbi Rb Acwinvh KZe| wK `yfvMRbK njI mZ h,
evsjvfvlvq G mK ewb BwZnvm LyeB `yjf| ZvB welqwUi iZ
Dcjw Ki gvbbxq jLK cdmi W. gynvv` Avmv`yjvn Avj-Mvwje
eov hjv KvivMvi AevbKvj cwe KziAvbi Zvdmxi I wgkKvZzj
gvQvexni Abyev` I evLv iPbvi duvK duvK GB g~jevb cvywjwcwU
mgv Kib| gynZvivg jLK GB BwZnvm iPbvq Kej we m~Mywji
Dci wbfi KiQb Ges hveZxq BmvCjx eYbv I mgvR cPwjZ bvbv
DcK_v I wfwnxb KQv-Kvwnbx _K meZvfve gy _vKvi Pv
KiQb| Zuvi mePq g~jevb mshvRb nj Avw^qvq Kivgi Rxebx
_K eZgvb weki cvcU wkYxq welqmg~n cvVKi mvgb Zzj
aiv| gvP10-q 13 Rb bexi Rxebx wbq 1g Li 1g msiY Ges
Avei10-q 2q msiY ei nevi ci evKx 11 Rb bexi Rxebx
wbq 2q L cKvwkZ nj| klbex gynvv` (Qvt)-Gi Rxebx wbq 3q
L mZi ei ne BbkvAvjvn|
Avgiv `p Avkvev`x h, Gi gvag cvVKmgvR gvbeRvwZi cvPxb
BwZnvmi cv`cxV wbRìK bZzbfve g~jvqb KiZ mg neb
Ges bexMYi DbZ RxebK Dg Av`k wnmve MnY Kivi ciYv jvf
Kieb|
cwikl mywjwLZ G MwUi we iPwqZvi cwZ AvwiK KZZv cKvk
KiwQ Ges cKvkbvi mv_ RwoZ mKjK gveviKev` RvbvwQ| Avjvn
iveyj Avjvgxb mKjK BnKvj I ciKvj Dg Rvhv `vb KibAvgxb!!
-cKvkK
Contents
4
m~Pxc
($ %&')
welq
14-15. nhiZ g~mv I nviY (AvjvBwngvm mvjvg)
divEbi cwiPq
eby BmvCji c~e BwZnvm
g~mv (Avt)-Gi cwiPq
g~mv I divEbi Kvwnbx
g~mv b`xZ wbw njb
heb g~mv
g~mv Lybx njb
g~mvi cixv mg~n
beyAZ-c~e 1g cixv : nZv _K euP hvIqv
2q cixv : gvw`qvb wnRiZ
gvw`qvbi Rxeb : weevn I msmvi cvjb
3q cixv: wgmi AwfgyL hvv I cw_ga beyAZ jvf
bqwU wb`kb
wmbvB nZ wgmi
g~mvi cuvPwU `vAv
g~mv njb Kvjxgyjvn
g~mv (Avt)-Gi wgmi cZveZb
divEbi wbKU g~mv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZ
`vIqvZi mvi-msc
`vIqvZi djkwZ
gyRhv I Rv`y
g~mvi `vIqvZi ci divEbx Aevb
divEbi Revei mvi-msc
beyAZ-cieZx 1g cixv : Rv`yKiì gyKvwejv
divEbi QqwU KzUPvj
divEbx KzUbxwZi weRq I RbMYi mg_b jvf
cv
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Contents
20. nhiZm~Avj-Bqvmv
Pxc-2 (Avt)
Rv`yKiì mZ MnY
Rv`yiKì cwiYwZ
RbMYi cwZwqv
divEbi xi cwZwqv
KziAvb ewYZ PviRb bvixi `v
beyAZ-cieZx 2q cixv: eby BmvCjì Dci
AvcwZZ divEbx hyjyg mg~n
1g hyjyg: eby CmvCji beRvZK cy mvbì nZvi
wb`k Rvwi
2q hyjygt Bev`ZMn mg~n asm Kiv
divEbi wei g~mvi e` `vAv
divEbx AvPiY _K cv wkYxq welq mg~n
divEbx mc`vqi Dci AvcwZZ Mhe mg~n Ges g~mv
(Avt)-Gi gyRhv mg~n
1g wb`kb : `ywf
2q wb`kb : Zdvb
3q wb`kb : ccvj
4_ wb`kb : DKzb
5g wb`kb : evO
6 wb`kb : i
7g wb`kb : cM
8g wb`kb : mvMi Wywe
beyAZ-cieZx 3q cixv I bvRvZ jvf
Avk~ivi wQqvg
eby BmvCji cieZx Me
eby BmvCji AevaZv I Zvì Dci AvcwZZ cixv
mg~ni weeiY
(1) g~wZ c~Rvi Ave`vi
ZIivZ jvf
(2) Mv-erm c~Rv
Mv-erm c~Rvi kvw
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Contents
6
xc-3
cwe KziAvb ewYZm~P25
Rb bexi Kvwnbx
Zi cvnvo Zzj aiv nj

mvgixi KwdqZ
mvgix I Zvi kvw
(3) AvjvnK ^P `Lvi wh` I Zvi cwiYwZ
(4) evqZzj gyKvvm Awfhvbi wb`k
cwe f~wgi cwiwPwZ
beyAZ-cieZx 4_ cixv : evqZzj gyKvvm Awfhvb
wgmi _K wnRiZi KviY
wkYxq welq
evjAvg evEivi NUbv
Zxn& cvi 40 eQii e`xZ eiY
Zxn& cvii NUbvejx
wkYxq welq
ZIivZi kMZ I A_MZ cwieZb
Mvfx Kzievbxi Kzg I nZvKvix wPwZ KiY
Mvfx Kzievbxi NUbvq wkYxq welq mg~n
wPivqx Mhe cwZZ nIqv
g~mv I wLwhii Kvwnbx
Zvrch mg~n
wkYxq welq
wLwhi K wQjb?
mskq wbimb
g~mv I divEbi KvwnbxZ wkYxq welq mg~n
16. nhiZ BDbym (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)
BDbym (Avt)-Gi KIg
gvQi cU BDbym
BDbym Kb gvQi cU Mjb?
BDbym gyw cjb
wkYxq welq mg~n
17. nhiZ `vE` (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)
Rvj~Z I Zvj~Zi Kvwnbx Ges `vEì exiZ
wkYxq welq
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Contents
20. nhiZm~Avj-Bqvmv
Pxc-4 (Avt)
`vE` (Avt)-Gi Kvwnbx

`vE` (Avt)-Gi ewk mg~n
`vE` (Avt)-Gi Rxebi iYxq NUbvejx
mskq wbimb
`vE` (Avt)-Gi RxebxZ wkYxq welq mg~n
18. nhiZ myjvqgvb (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)
evjKvj myjvqgvb
myjvqgvbi ewk mg~n
`ywU m~Z
myjvqgvbi Rxeb DjLhvM NUbvejx
(1) bvq wePvii NUbv
(2) wccxwjKvi NUbv
(3) `` cvwLi NUbv
(4) ivYx wejKxmi NUbv
(5) Ak Kzievbxi NUbv
(6) wmsnvmbi Dci GKwU wbcvY `n cvwi NUbv
(7) BbkvAvjvn bv ejvi dj
(8) nviZ I gviZ dikZvqi NUbv
(9) evqZzj gyKvvm wbgvY I myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi gZzi
weqKi NUbv
gZz Kvwnbxi ga wkYxq welq mg~n
mskq wbimb
myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi Rxebx _K wkYxq welq mg~n
myjvqgvbi gZz I ivRZKvj
19. nhiZ Bwjqvm (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)
Bwjqvmi Rbvb
wdwjxbi agxq I mvgvwRK Aev
Bwjqvmi `vIqvZ
`vIqvZi djkwZ
ev`kvn&i ìevi Bwjqvmi DcwwZ
Avjvn I evj èZvi bvg Kzievbxi NUbv
Bwjqvm (Avt)-K cybivq nZvi loh
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Contents
8
xc-5
cwe KziAvb ewYZm~P25
Rb bexi Kvwnbx
Bwjqvm (Avt) RxweZ AvQb wK?

evj èZvi cwiPq
wkYxq welq mg~n
20. nhiZ Avj-Bqvmv (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)
21. nhiZ hyj-wKd&j (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)
hyj-wKdji Rxeb cixv
wkYxq welq
mskq wbimb
22-23. nhiZ hvKvwiqv I Bqvn&Bqv (AvjvBwngvm mvjvg)
mvb jvfi Rb hvKvwiqvi `vAv
BqvnBqvi ewk
Bqvn&Bqv I hvKvwiqvi gZz
24. nhiZ Cmv (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)
Cmvi gv I bvbx
gvwiqvgi Rb I jvjb-cvjb
Cmvi Rb I jvjb-cvjb
gvwiqvgi mZxZ mK Avjvn&i mv
gvwiqvgi ewk mg~n
wkYxq welq mg~n
Cmv (Avt)-Gi ewk mg~n
Cmv (Avt)-Gi Kvwnbx
Cmv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZ
Cmv (Avt)-Gi ckKZ cuvPwU wb`kb
`vIqvZi djkwZ
B`xì Dci cwiZ Mhe I Zvi KviY mg~n
Cmv (Avt)-K nZvi loh I Zuvi Eavivnb
Avjvn&i cuvPwU AxKvi
nvIqvix Kviv?
Avmgvb _K Lvv fwZ Lv` AeZiY
Cmv (Avt)-Gi Abymvixì Kzdix Ges wKqvgZi w`b
Avjvn&i m Cmv (Avt)-Gi K_vcK_b
wkYxq welq mg~n
ckgvjv
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Contents
14-15. nhiZ g~mv I nviY (AvjvBwngvm mvjvg)

Avjvn&i Mhe asmcv cw_exi Avw` 6wU RvwZi ga KIg b~n, Av`,
Qvg~`, j~Z I KIg gv`Bqvbi eYbvi ci l Mhecv RvwZ wnmve
KIg divEb mK Avjvn cvK KziAvbi 27wU m~ivq 75wU vb
wewfb cm AvjvPbv KiQb|1 KziAvb mevwaK AvjvwPZ welq nj
GwU| hvZ divEbi Pwi I ewk I Zvi hyjygi bxwZ-cwZ mg~n
cvVKì KvQ cwivi nq hvq Ges GhyMi divEbì welq DZ
gynvv`x uwkqvi nq| divEbi KvQ cwiZ bex g~mv I nviY (Avt)
mK KziAvb mevwaK AvjvPbv vb cqQ| KviY g~mv (Avt)-Gi
gyRhv mg~n Abvb bexì Zzjbvq hgb ekx wQj, Zuvi mc`vq ebx
BmvCji g~LZv I nVKvwiZvi NUbvejxI wQj weMZ DZwji Zzjbvq
AwaK Ges PgKc`| GZZxZ g~mv (Avt)-K evievi cixv bevi
ga Ges Zuvi KIgi `xN Kvwnbxi AvjvPbv cm e vZe welq
I Av`k-wblai K_vI GmQ| mevcwi kvmK mgvU divEb I Zvi
wKeZx mc`vq KZK msLvjNy Awfevmx eby BmvCj mc`vqi Dci
hyjyg-AZvPvii weeiY I Zvi cwZiva g~mv (Avt)-Gi cPv Ges
`xN wek eQi ai hvjg mc`vqi Dci AvcwZZ wewfb Mhei
eYbv I Aekl divEbi m`jej mwjj mgvwai NUbv hb Rxe
evYxwP nq dzU DVQ wewfb m~ivq ewYZ KziAvbi Abycg
evKfxZ| gvUK_v KziAvb cvK g~mv (Avt)-Gi KvwnbxK GZ iZ
w`qQ h, AwaKvsk m~ivq Gi wKQz bv wKQz ewYZ nqQ| KviY GB
KvwnbxZ AMwYZ wkv, Avjvn ZvAvjvi Acvi kw I AbyMni
weqKi inm mg~n mwbewkZ nqQ| GjvZ Kgvxcbv I
PvwiwK mskvabi wb`wkKv mg~n cPzi cwigvY we`gvb iqQ|
g~mv (Avt) I divEbi NUbv KziAvb evievi DjL Kivi AbZg
Dk nj, Gjvnx wKZveavix B`x-bvQvivì wcQbi K_v iY
Kwiq Ìqv Ges klbexi Dci Cgvb Avbvi c hwKZv
Dcvcb Kiv| DjL h, cieZx ivm~j `vE`, myjvqgvb I Cmv
1. gynvv` mvjvgvn Rvei, ZvixLyj Avw^qv (KzqZ : gvKZvev QvnIqvn 1413/1993),
1/136 ct|
Contents
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10
(AvjvBwngym mvjvg) mevB wQjb eby BmvCj-Gi mc`vqfy Ges Zvì

cwZ cwiZ bex| g~mv (AvjvBwnm mvjvg) wQjb Guì mevi g~j I
AbymiYxq ewZ|
DjL h, KIg g~mv I divEb mK cwe KziAvbi gvU 44wU
m~ivq 532wU AvqvZ ewYZ nqQ|2
divEbi cwiPq :
divEb Kvb ewi bvg bq| eis GwU nj ZrKvjxb wgmii
mgvUì Dcvwa| wKeZx eskxq GB mgvUMY KqK kZvx evcx wgmi
kvmb Kib| GB mgq wgmi mfZv I mgwi kxl cuQ wMqwQj|
jvk gwgKiY, wcivwgW (PYRAMID), ws (SPHINX) cfwZ Zvì
mgqKvi evwbK DbwZi cgvY enb Ki| nhiZ g~mv (Avt)-Gi
mgq cici `yRb divEb wQjb| memZ BmvCjx eYbvI nj
GUvB Ges g~mv (Avt) `yRbiB mvvr jvf Kib| jyBm Mvws
(LOUIS GOLDING)-Gi Z_vbymvbg~jK gYev IN THE STEPS
OF MOSSES, THE LAW GIVER Abyhvqx D DrcxoK divEb-Gi
(PHARAOH, THE PERSECUTOR) bvg wQj igwmm-2 (RAMSES11) Ges Wye giv divEb wQj Zvi cy gvbcZvn ()!() ev
gvibcZvn (MERNEPTAH)| jvwnZ mvMi msjM wZ n` wZwb
mmb Wye gib| hvi gwg 1907 mvj AvweKZ nq| wmbvB
2. h_vg (1) evKvivn 2/49-74=26, 87, 92-98=7, 108, 136, 246-248; (2)
Avj-Bgivb 3/11, 84; (3) wbmv 4/47, 153-155, 164; (4) gvq`vn 5/2026=7; (5) AvbAvg 6/84, 91, 154; (6) Avivd 7/103-162=60, 171, 175176; (7) Avbdvj 8/52-54=3; (8) BDbym 10/75-90=16; (9) n~` 11/96101=6, 110; (10) Beivnxg 14/5-8=4; (11) Bmiv 17/2, 101-104=4; (12)
Kvnd 18/60-82=23; (13) gvwiqvg 19/51-53=3; (14) Zvqvnv 20/9-99=91;
(15) Avw^qv 21/48-50=3; (16) n 22/44; (17) gywgb~b 23/45-49=5; (18)
dziKvb 25/35-36; (19) kvAviv 26/10-68=59; (20) bgj 27/7-14=8; (21)
KvQvQ 28/3-48=46, 76-83=8; (22) AvbKve~Z 29/39-40; (23) mvR`vn
32/23-24; (24) Avnhve 33/7, 69; (25) QvddvZ 37/114-122=9; (26) Qvqv`
38/12; (27) Mvdi/gywgb 40/23-54=32; (28) dzQwQjvZ/nv-gxg mvR`vn 41/45;
(29) k~iv 42/13 (30) hyLid 43/46-56=11; (31) `yLvb 44/17-31=15; (32)
AvnKvd 46/12, 30; (33) Kvd 50/13; (34) bRg 53/36; (35) Qd 61/5 (36)
hvwiqvZ 51/38-40=3; (37) Kvgvi 54/41-42; (38) Zvnixg 66/11; (39) nvKKvn 69/9; (40) gyhhvwj 73/15-16; (41) bvwhAvZ 79/15-26=12; (42) eyiR
85/18; (43) Avjv 87/19 (44) dvRi 89/10| megvU = 532wU|
Contents
11
11
Dcxci cwg Zxi Rvevj divEb bvg GKwU QvU cvnvo AvQ|
GLvbB divEbi jvk c_g cvIqv hvq ej RbkwZ AvQ|
Mvwsqi gY cyK
Ges GbmvBKvcwWqv weUvwbKvi wbe ejv
nqQ h, _e&m (THEBES) bvgK vbi mgvwa gwì 1896 mvj
GKwU AvweKZ nq, hvZ gvibcZvn-Gi Avgji KxwZ mg~n
wjwce wQj| AZtci 1906 mvj ewUk bZwe` mvi uvdv BwjqU
w_ (SIR CRAFTON ELLIOT SMITH) gwgjv Lyj gwgKiYi
KjvKkj Abymvb i Kib| Gfve wZwb 44wU gwg cixv Kib
Ges Aekl 1907 mvj wZwb divEb gvibcZvn-Gi jvk kbv
Kib| Hmgq Zvi jvki Dci jeYi GKwU i Rg wQj| hv `L
mevB wZ nb| G KviY h, Ab Kvb gwg `n Abyic cvIqv
hvqwb|3 D jeYi i h mvMii jeYv cvwb Zv ejvB evj|
Gfve m~iv BDbym 92 AvqvZi ee `ywbqvevmxi wbKU mZ cgvwYZ
nq hvq| hLvb Avjvn ejwQjb h, AvRK Avgiv Zvgvi `nK
(web nIqv _K) euvwPq w`jvg| hvZ Zzwg cieZxì Rb `v
nZ cvi... (BDbym 10/92)| eZt divEbi jvk AvRI wgmii
wcivwgW iwZ AvQ| hv `L jvKiv Dc`k nvwQj KiZ cvi|
g~mv I divEb mK Avjvn ejb,
A1 0. 06,*.,1 ?61@ >06*51,

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A1%,9.-,
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Avgiv Avcbvi wbKU g~mv I divEbi ev mg~n _K mZ
mnKvi eYbv Kie wekvmx mc`vqi Rb| wbqB divEb Zvi
`k DZ nqwQj Ges Zvi RbMYK wewfb `j wef KiwQj|
Zvì gaKvi GKwU `jK m `yej Ki w`qwQj| m Zvì cy
mvbì nZv KiZ I Kbv mvbì euvwPq ivLZ| eZt m wQj
Ab_ mwKvixì Afy (KvQvQ 28/3-4)|
cwe KziAvb divEbi AvjvPbv hZ GmQ, c~e hyMi Ab Kvb
bicwZ mK GZ ekx AvjvPbv Avmwb| Gi gvag divEbx
3. gvIjvbv gI`~`x, ivmvqj I gvmvqj (XvKv: 1996) 5/99 c:; ZvbZvfx RInvix (g:
1940L:), Avj-RvIqvni dx Zvdmxwij KziAvwbj Kvixg (eiZ: `vij wdKi, Zvwe)
Zvdmxi m~iv BDbym 92 `: 6/84 c:|
Contents
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12
hyjygi wewfb w`K fve dzwUq Zvjv nqQ| hvZ BwZ iqQ
G welq h, hyM hyM divEbiv Avme Ges Cgvb`vi mrKgkxjì
Dci Zvì hyjygi aviv I ewk cvq GKB ic ne| hwÌ cwZ
cwiewZZ ne| Kvb hyMB divEb _K Lvwj _vKe bv| ZvB divEb
mK mgK aviYv Ìqvi Rb Avjvn cwe KziAvb GB bivag
mK GZ ekx AvjvPbv KiQb| hvZ Avjvn&i wcq ev`viv mveavb
nq Ges hvjgì fq Avjvn&i c_ _K wePzZ bv nq| gymwjg
bvgavix eZgvb wgmixq RvZxqZvev`x bZviv divEbK Zvì RvZxq
exi ej AvLvwqZ KiQb Ges Kvqivi gq`vb igmxm-Gi cavb
dUK Zvi wekvj ci g~wZ Lvov KiQb|4
eby BmvCji c~e BwZnvm :
nhiZ Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi Kwb cy nhiZ BmnvK (Avt)-Gi cy
BqvK~e (Avt)-Gi Aci bvg wQj BmvCj| wne fvlvq BmvCj A_
Avjvn&i `vm| m wnmve BqvKe (Avt)-Gi eskaiMYK eby BmvCj
ejv nq| KziAvb ZvìK eby BmvCj ej AwfwnZ Kiv nqQ,
hvZ Avjvn&i `vm nevi K_vwU Zvì evievi iY Avm|
BqvK~e (Avt) I eby BmvCjì Avw` evmvb wQj KbAvb, hv eZgvb
wdwjxb GjvKvq AewZ| ZLbKvi mgq wdwjxb I wmwiqv
wgwjZfve kvg `k wQj| ejv Pj h, c_g I klbex eZxZ cvq
mKj bexi Avevmj wQj BivK I kvg Aj| hvi MvUv AjK
GLb gacvP ejv nQ| BqvK~e (Avt)-Gi cy nhiZ BDmyd (Avt)
hLb wgmii A_gx I ci kvmbKZv wbhy nb Ges Abvb Aji
bvq KbAvb AjI Pig `ywf `Lv `q, ZLb BDmyd (Avt)-Gi
AvgY wcZv BqvK~e (Avt) ^xq cyMY I cwievieM mn wnRiZ Ki
wgmi Pj hvb| g Zuviv mLvb AvwacZ wevi Kib I myL-kvw
Z w`bvwZcvZ KiZ _vKb| ZvixLyj Avw^qv-i jLK ejb, BDmyd
(Avt)-Gi KvwnbxZ Kv_vI divEbi bvg DjL bv _vKvq cgvwYZ
nq h, H mgq divEbì nwUq mLvb nvKm~m (Z*[\ ]*")
4. gynvv` mvjvgvn Rvei, ZvixLyj Avw^qv (KzqZ: gvKZvev QvnIqvn 1413/1993) 1/137|
Contents
13
13
ivRvì ivRZ Kvqg nq| hviv `ykv eQi ivRZ Kib Ges hv wQj
Cmv (Avt)-Gi Rbi cvq `ynvhvi eQi AvMi NUbv|5 AZtci wgmi
cybivq divEbì AwaKvi wdi Avm| BDmyd (Avt)-Gi gZzi ci
Zuvi cg Aatb cyil g~mv I nvibi mgq h wbcxoK divEb
kvmb gZvq wQj Zvi bvg wQj igmxm-2| AZtci Zvi cy
gvibcZvn-Gi mgq mvMiWywei NUbv NU Ges mb-mvg mn Zvi
mwjj mgvwa nq|
divEb wQj wgmii wKeZx eskxq kvmKì Dcvwa| wKeZxiv wQj
wgmii Avw` evwm`v| GY Zviv mgvU eski nIqvq kvg _K
AvMZ myLx-^Qj eby BmvCjì wnsmv KiZ _vK| g Zv mvgvwRK
I ivxq wbhvZbi ic cwiMn Ki|
GK eYbvq GmQ h, BqvK~ei wgmi AvMgb _K g~mvi mv_ wgmi
_K we`vqKvj cvq PvikZ eQi mgqi ga Zvì msLv
ùvwoqwQj KvQvKvwQ cvq wZb wgwjqb6 Ges G mgq Zviv wQj wgmii
gvU RbmsLvi 10 _K 20 kZvsk|7 Ze Gwj meB BmvCjxì
KvwbK wnmve gv| hvi Kvb wfw bB| eis KziAvb ejQ S^5.I ?61@
>(bY SF) >06*+"%1"0a _ .1`,10 wbqB Zviv wQj z` GKwU `j

(kvAviv 26/54)|
GB ewnivMZ bex esk I z` `ji mybvg-myLvwZB

wQj msLvq eo I kvmK`j wKeZxì wnsmvi KviY| Gici
RvwZlxì fwelvYx divEbK fxZ I w Ki Zvj|
g~mv (Avt)-Gi cwiPq :
c9 d*=F
ef Cg Ia 6U 4*
>< $H%" $%I
g~mv Beb Bgivb web KvnQ web Avhi web jvfx web BqvK~e web
BmnvK web Beivnxg (Avt)|8 A_vr g~mv njb Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi 8g
5. ZvixLyj Avw^qv, ct 124|
6. ZvixLyj Avw^qv 1/140|
7. gvIjvbv gI`~`x, ivmvqj I gvmvqj 5/250 ct|
8. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 1/222|
Contents
14
14
Aatb cyil| g~mv (Avt)-Gi wcZvi bvg wQj Bgivb I gvZvi bvg
wQj BDnvwbe| Ze gvqi bvgi evcvi gZf` AvQ|9 DjL h,
gvwiqvg (Avt)-Gi wcZvi bvgI wQj Bgivb| whwb wQjb nhiZ Cmv
(Avt)-Gi bvbv| g~mv I Cmv Dfq bexB wQjb eby BmvCj eskxq Ges
Dfq eby BmvCji cwZ cwiZ nqwQjb (mvR`vn 32/23, Qd 61/6)|
g~mvi Rb nq wgmi Ges jvwjZ-cvwjZ nb wgmi mgvU divEbi
Ni| Zuvi mnvì fvB nviY (Avt) wQjb Zuvi Pq wZb eQii eo
Ges wZwb g~mv (Avt)-Gi wZb eQi c~eB gZzeiY Kib| Dfqi gZz
nq wgmi I kvg-Gi gaeZx Zxn& cvi eby BmvCji 40 eQi AvUK
_vKvKvjxb mgq| gvIjvbv gI`~`x ejb, g~mv (Avt) cvk eQi eqm
bex nq divEbi ìevi cuQb| AZtci ZBk eQi -msMvgi
ci divEb Wye gi Ges eby BmvCj wgmi _K ewiq hvq| G mgq
g~mv (Avt)-Gi eqm wQj meZt Avwk eQi|10 Ze gydZx gynvv` kdx
ejb, divEbi Rv`yKiì mv_ gyKvwejvi NUbvi ci HwZnvwmK
eYbv Abyhvqx g~mv (Avt) wek eQi hveZ wgmi Aevb Kib| G mgq
Avjvn g~mv (Avt)-K bqwU gyRhv `vb Kib|
DjL h, Av`g, Bqvn&Bqv I Cmv (Avt) eZxZ cvq mKj bexB Pwjk
eQi eqm beyAZ jvf KiwQjb| g~mvI Pwjk eQi eqm beyAZ jvf
KiwQjb ej AwaKvsk wevb gZ cvlY KiQb|11 mgZ Avgiv
g~mv (Avt)-Gi eqmK wbgic fvM KiZ cvwi| hgb, c_g 30 eQi
wgmi, Zvici 10 eQi gvw`qvb, Zvici wgmi divi c_ Z~i
cvnvoi wbKU Zzev (e.*+O) DcZKvq 40 eQi eqm beyAZ jvf|
AZtci 20 eQi wgmi Aevb Ki mLvbKvi AwaevmxìK
ZvInxì `vIqvZ c`vb| Zvici 60 eQi eqm eby BmvCjì wbq
wgmi nZ cvb Ges divEbi mwjj mgvwa| AZtci Avw` evmvb
KbAvb AwaKvix AvgvjKvì wei wRnvì Kzg Agvb Kivq
Aeva BmvCjxì wbq 40 eQi hveZ Zxn& cvi Dby KvivMvi
9. Zvdmxi gvAvidzj KziAvb, Zvqvnv 38-39, ct 851|
10. ivmvqj I gvmvqj 3/120, 3q gy`Y 2001|
Contents
15
15
Aevb I evqZzj gyKvvmi mwbKU gZz meZt 80 _K 100 eQi

eqmi ga| g~mv (Avt)-Gi Kei nq evqZzj gyKvvmi DcK|
Avgvì bex (Qvt) mLvb GKwU jvj wXwei w`K Bkviv Ki mvbB
g~mv (Avt)-Gi Kei nqQ ej RvwbqQb|12 DjL h, Av`g (Avt)
_K Beivnxg (Avt) ch 10/12 Rb bex ev` klbex gynvv`
(Qvt)-Gi AvMgbi c~e ch cw_exZ AvMZ megvU GK j Pwek
nvhvi bex-ivm~ji13 cvq mevB BmvCj eski wQjb Ges Zuviv wQjb
mgwUK| Kbbv Bevnxg (Avt) wQjb mvg web b~n-Gi 9g Aatb
cyil| GRb BeivnxgK Aveyj Avw^qv ev bexì wcZv ejv nq|
g~mv I divEbi Kvwnbx :
myx I gyiivn cgyL nhiZ Avyjvn Beby Avevm I Avyjvn Beby
gvmE` (ivt) Ges e msLK Qvnvex _K eYbv Kib h, divEb
GK`v ^c `Lb h, evqZzj gyKvvmi w`K nZ GKwU Avb Gm
wgmii Ni-evwo I g~j Awaevmx wKeZxì Rvwjq w`Q| A_P
Awfevmx eby BmvCjì wKQzB nQ bv| fxZ-PwKZ Aevq wZwb Nyg
_K RM DVjb| AZtci `ki eo eo RvwZlx I Rv`yKiì
mgeZ Kijb Ges Zvì myL ^ci ev eYbv w`jb I Gi
evLv RvbZ PvBjb| RvwZlxMY ejj h, AwZ mZi eby BmvCji
ga GKwU cy mvb RbMnY Kie| hvi nvZ wgmixqì asm bg
Avme|14
wgmi mgvU divEb RvwZlxì gvag hLb RvbZ cvijb h, AwZ
mZi BmvCj esk Ggb GKUv cy mvb RbMnY Kie, h Zvi
mvgvRi cZb NUve| ZLb D mvbi Rb ivai Kkj wnmve
divEb eby BmvCjì Ni beRvZ mKj cy mvbK evcKnvi
nZvi wb`k w`j| Dk wQj, Gfve nZv KiZ _vKj GK mgq
eby BmvCj KIg hyeK k~b nq hve| eivI gviv hve| gwnjviv me
12. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/5713 wKqvgZi Aev I mwi m~Pbv Aavq 9
AbyQ`|
13. Avngv`, wgkKvZ nv/5737 wKqvgZi Aev I mwi m~Pbv Aavq 9 AbyQ`;
wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/2668|
14. KziZzex, Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 1/222 ct|
Contents
16
16
`vmxewZ eva ne| A_P eby BmvCjMY wQj wgmii kvmK kYx
Ges DP ghv`v mb RvwZ| GB `~i`kx KcU cwiKbv wbq divEb
I Zvi gxMY mviv `k GK`j avx gwnjv I Qzwiavix Rvjv` wbqvM
Ki| gwnjviv evox evox wMq eby BmvCji MfeZx gwnjvì ZvwjKv
KiZ Ges cmei w`b nvwhi nq `LZ, Qj bv gq| Qj nj
cyil Rvjv`K Lei w`Z| m Gm Qzwi w`q gvqi mvgb mvbK
hen Ki dj iL Pj hZ|15 Gfve eby BmvCji Ni Ni Kvbvi
ivj co Mj| Beby KvQxi ejb, GKvwaK gydvmwmi ejQb h,
kvmK`j wKeZxiv divEbi KvQ wMq AwfhvM Kij h, Gfve cy
mvb nZv Kivq eby BmvCji KgRxex I kwgK kYxi NvUwZ nQ|
hvZ Zvì Kgx msKU `Lv w`qQ| ZLb divEb GK eQi Ai
Ai cy nZvi wb`k `q| GZ ev` cov eQi nviYi Rb nq|
wK nZvi eQi g~mvi Rb nq|16 dj wcZv-gvZv Zvì beRvZ m
vbi wbwZ nZvi AvksKvq `viYfve fxZ nq cojb| GgZvevq
Avjvn g~mv (Avt)-Gi gvqi Ai Bjnvg Kib| hgb Avjvn
cieZxZ g~mvK ejb,
A1 1)%1 1Q:a 160J >4.*5

. ./7+J 401@ .,%.,0J :`1@ >e.,i+J Kh3. ./,%0". 3.. ,0=0.
5)? m5.. An m5. 5l:Q5i:D
. 1E131 k$.%: 1)1=:"5%:"0 7$.%: A1 1)%1 1Q:a0 1j*53-
>(Xr>Xq )O) >A1,%. 40". .p.,W5-1. A77 K3.9. ./,%0". 5o,%0=:0J.
Avgiv Zvgvi Dci Aviv GKevi AbyMn KiwQjvg| hLb Avgiv
Zvgvi gvK cZv`k KiwQjvg, hv cZv`k Kiv nq| (GB gg
h,) Zvgvi beRvZ mvbK wm`yK fi b`xZ fvwmq `vI|
AZtci b`x ZvK Zxi Vj è| AZtci Avgvi k I Zvi k
(divEb) ZvK DwVq be Ges Avwg Zvgvi Dci Avgvi c nZ
wekl gneZ wbc KiwQjvg Ges Zv GRb h, Zzwg Avgvi PvLi
mvgb cwZcvwjZ nI (Zvqvnv 20/37-39)| welqwU Avjvn Ab ejb Gfve,
15. Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi, KvQvQ 8, 9|
16. Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 1/223 ct|
Contents
17
17
A1.t.u 0f. 7$.%: A1 1),%1=:0D0 1),%0". 1o:(1i 0`120 1),%1F1s,C0J :60J 4.*5 7<+J 401@ .,%.,0J.
>(q VW=) >w
. 1".,5U: .1 5l*+"1.G. 1/,%01@ 5lk.C 31@ A1.v,9.u 0f.
Avgiv g~mvi gvqi KvQ cZv`k Kijvg GB gg h, Zzwg QjK
`ya cvb KivI| AZtci Zvi Rxebi evcvi hLb kswKZ ne, ZLb
ZvK b`xZ wbc Kie| Zzwg fxZ nqv bv I `ywvM nqv bv|
Avgiv IK Zvgvi KvQB wdwiq è Ges IK bexì Afy Kie
(KvQvQ 28/7)| g~jZt kli `ywU Iqv`vB Zuvi gvK wbw I Dy
Ki| hgb Avjvn ejb,
.H1:"0a 40". .:!.3C 60J 0f,*0 1)1 ,z1,5-0 ,j.0T :61@ Ky1C0 4.,*5 7<+J 5.+ .P.,x0J.
>({| VW=) >.,%11,5U: .1 06,*+[.-1
g~mv Rbbxi Ai (Kewj g~mvi wPvq) wefvi nq coj| hw` Avgiv
Zvi AiK my`p Ki bv w`Zvg, Zvnj m g~mvi (Rb AwiZvi)
welqwU cKvk KiB djZ| (Avgiv Zvi AiK `p KiwQjvg G
KviY h) m hb Avjvn&i Dci cZqkxjì Afy _vK (KvQvQ
28/10)|
g~mv b`xZ wbw njb :
divEbi mbì nvZ wbnZ nevi wbwZ mvebv `Lv w`j
Avjvn&i cZv`k (Bjnvg) Abyhvqx wcZv-gvZv Zvì cvYvwaK wcq m
vbK wm`yK fi evoxi cvki bxj b`xZ fvwmq w`jb|17 AZtci
mvZi mv_ mv_ wm`yKwU GwMq Pjj| Iw`K g~mvi (eo) evb Zvi
gvqi Kzg (KvQvQ 28/11) wm`yKwUK AbymiY Ki b`xi wKbviv w`q
PjZ jvMj (Zvqvnv 20/40)| GK mgq Zv divEbi cvmvì NvU
Gm wfoj| divEbi cyYeZx x Avwmqv (%}) webZ gyhvwng
dzUdzU myì evPvwUK `L Awff~Z nq cojb| divEb ZvK eby
BmvCj mvb fe nZv KiZ PvBj| wK mvbnxbv xi AcZ
17. Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi, KvQvQ 7 AvqvZ|
Contents
18
18
mni KviY Zv me nqwb| Aekl divEb wbR Zvi cwZ AvK

nq cob| KviY Avjvn g~mvi Pnvivi ga wekl GKUv gvqvgq
KgbxqZv `vb KiwQjb (Zvqvnv 20/39)| hvK `LjB gvqv co
hZ| divEbi `qi cvlvY MjZ mUzKzB h_ wQj| eZt GUvI
wQj Avjvn&i gnv cwiKbviB Ask wekl| dzUdzU wkwUK `L
divEbi x Zvi ^vgxK ejjb,
5l0Q1t3-. ,0J ..F0(,

3 60J 4.. 5l*+"5-:=.u 0f ./0. An ;,%. 5j3+a 06,*.,1 5j0J., 1o00a.
>(r VW=) >06,55F,
. 0f ,$5I. K0.
G wk Avgvi I Zvgvi bqbgwY| GK nZv Kiv bv| G Avgvì
DcKvi AvmZ cvi A_ev Avgiv ZvK cy Ki wbZ cvwi| Avjvn
ejb, A_P Zviv (Avgvi Kkj) eySZ cvij bv (KvQvQ 28/9)| g~mv
GY divEbi xi Kvj cymn cZ i Kijb| AZtci
evPvK `ya LvIqvbvi Rb ivYxi wb`k evRvi e avxi KvQ wbq
hvIqv nj| wK g~mv KviiB eyK gyL w`Qb bv| Avjvn ejb,
>({~ VW=) >+E,0a 1 .p1s..U: 1),%0". .,3.. Avgiv c~e _KB
Abi `ya LvIqv _K g~mvK weiZ iLwQjvg (KvQvQ 28/12)| Ggb
mgq AcviZ g~mvi fwMbx ejj, Avwg wK AvcbvìK Ggb GK
cwievii Lei wè, hviv Avcbvì Rb G wk cyi jvjb-cvjb
Kie Ges Zviv Gi fvKvsLx? (KvQvQ 28/12)| ivYxi mwZg
g~mvK cv weZ avxMn ciY Kiv nj| g~mv Lykx gb gvqi `ya MnY
Kijb| AZtci gvqi KvQ ivRKxq fvZv I DcXKbvw` cwiZ
nZ _vKj|18 Gfve Avjvn&i Acvi AbyMn g~mv Zvi gvqi Kvj
wdi Gjb| Gfve GKw`K cy nZvi fqsKi AvZsK nZ gv-evev
gyw cjb I b`xZ fvwmq Ìqv mvbK cybivq eyK wdi cq
Zvì `q kxZj nj| Abw`K e g~ji ivRKxq fvZv cq
msmvi hvv wbevni `ywv nZ Zviv gy njb| mv_ mv_ mgvU
18. KziZzex, Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn 1/225; H, Zvdmxi m~iv Zvqvnv 40 AvqvZ,
bvmvC, nv`xQzj dzZ~b|
Contents
19
19
wbqvwRZ avx wnmve I mgvU cwievii mv_ wekl mK mw

nIqvi dj Zuvì cwievii mvgvwRK ghv`vI ew cj| GfveB
divEbx Kkji Dci Avjvn&i Kkj weRqx nj| dvwjjvwnj nvg&`|
Avjvn ejb, >(b| EU) >0655F,
. 0f ,$5I. K:[. .,0[.. K:[. 50[..
Zviv Pv KiwQj Ges AvgivI Kkj KiwQjvg| wK Zviv
(Avgvì Kkj) eySZ cviwb (bgj 27/50)|
heb g~mv :
`y cvbi gqv` kl g~mv AZtci divEb-cy wnmve Zvi Mn kvbkIKZi ga eo nZ _vKb| Avjvn&i ingZ divEbi xi
AcZ mn wQj Zuvi Rb mePq eo `ywbqvex ivKeP| Gfve 3U0.
>({Y VW=) >.w11,95U: z1v,. ./10Q0T. KU:"1. KU:[5 5l.,%.u} e.*.-,. 5l350J 00".
hLb wZwb heb c`vcY Kijb Ges c~Yeq gvbyl cwiYZ njb,
ZLb Avjvn ZvK wekl cv I vb m` f~wlZ Kijb (KvQvQ
28/14)|
g~mv mgmvgwqK mvgvwRK I ivRbwZK Aev mgKfve Dcjw
Kijb| `Ljb h, cyiv wgmixq mgvR divEbi GKQ ivRbwZK
KZZi Aaxb KVvifve kvwmZ| wef Ki I kvmb Ki GB
mycwiwPZ NY bxwZi AbymiY divEb Zvi `kevmxK wewfb `j
wef KiwQj I GKwU `jK `yej Ki w`qwQj (KvQvQ 28/4)| Avi
mwU nj eby BmvCj| cwZx Rbvevi fq m Zvì beRvZK cy
mvbì nZv KiZ I Kbv mvbì euvwPq ivLZ| Gfve GKw`K
divEb AnsKvi xZ nq wbRK mevP cvjbKZv I mevwacwZ
fe mviv `k Ab_ mw KiwQj| GgbwK m wbRK GKgv
Dcvm >(X VW=) >,e1,%0y ;)0@ ,1 ,$+[0 5o,U".. (KvQvQ 28/38)
ejZI jveva Kiwb| Abw`K ghj~g eby BmvCjì nvnvKvi I
`xNkvm evZvm fvix nq DVwQj| Aekl Avjvn ghj~gì WvK
mvov w`jb| Avjvn ejb, `k hvìK `yej Kiv nqwQj, Avgiv
Contents
20
20
PvBjvg Zvì Dci AbyMn KiZ, ZvìK bZv KiZ I `ki

DivwaKvix KiZ| Ges Avgiv PvBjvg ZvìK `ki gZvq
AwawZ KiZ Ges divEb, nvgvb I Zvì mbvevwnbxK Zv `wLq
w`Z, hv Zviv mB `yej `ji Zid _K AvksKv KiZ (KvQvQ 28/5-6)|
hyeK g~mv Lybx njb :
g~mvi `q ghj~gì cwZ KiYvq fvivv nq DVjv| wK wK
Kieb fe cvwQjb bv| Iw`K Avjvn&i BQv wQj Ab iKg| g~mv
GKw`b `ycyii Aemi kni eovZ ewiqQb| Ggb mgq Zuvi
mvgb GK Kv NU Mj| wZwb `yB ewK jovBiZ `LZ cjb|
hvì GKRb hvjg mgvUi wKeZx eski Ges AbRb ghj~g eby
BmvCji| g~mv Zvì _vgvZ wMq hvjg jvKwUK GKUv Nywl
gvijb| wK Avh jvKwU ZvZB Av cj| g~mv `viYfve AbyZ
njb| G welq Avjvn ejb,
, 1 0Q.I 1601-.-:=

. 1,%0"5G.C .H,%1 ..G.*0 .H1",I0J ,7 ;0":(0y 1,%1 40". 0.
,1.U: 0E.i..
5l.v0T.*0 1l75. ,1 ,z1Q? 40". 1)1-.F,%1 ,1 ,z1Q? 5)0. .-,0 1l75. ,1 0Q.I. 1)1-.F,%1
7d.C 00a >,%1k E1Mk m5. 5)31@ 160!,%3 1E.U. ,1 0Q.I 00a 1),%0". 4.M0=0 4.*5
>({>{b VW=) >5$,%13 5C,*+(. : .*5I 5)31@ 5)0 .0(. 0 ,A1 ,1(:y0 ,A1:(. 5o,U0"0 ,A71@
GKw`b `ycyi wZwb kni cek Kijb, hLb Awaevmxiv wQj
wèvwb`vi Aemi| G mgq wZwb `yRb ewK jovBiZ `LZ
cjb| Gì GKRb wQj Zvi wbR Mvi Ges AciRb wQj
k`ji| AZtci Zvi wbR `ji jvKwU Zvi k`ji jvKwUi
wei Zvi KvQ mvnvh PvBj| ZLb g~mv ZvK Nywl gvijb Ges
ZvZB Zvi gZz nq Mj| g~mv ejjb, wbqB GwU kqZvbi KvR|
m gvbylK wevKvix cKvk k| n Avgvi cfy! Avwg wbRi
Dci hyjyg KiwQ| Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki| AZtci Avjvn ZvK gv
Kijb| wbqB wZwb gvkxj I `qvevb (KvQvQ 28/15-16)|
cii w`b RbK ew QzU Gm g~mvK ejj, n g~mv! Avwg Zvgvi
fvKvsLx| ZvgvK civgk w`wQ h, GB gyn~Z Zzwg GLvb _K ei
nq Pj hvI| Kbbv mgvUi cvwilèM ZvgvK nZv Kivi loh
Contents
21
21
KiQ (KvQvQ 28/20)| GB jvKwU g~mvi cwZ AvK I Zuvi Ygy

wQj| GK_v b fxZ nq g~mv mLvb _K ei nq cojb wbik
hvvc_| hgb Avjvn ejb,
.)3G.*.u 3U0. >.,%1U1? 1<,*0=: .1 ,A17. 7d.C 00a 5?a..-

3 K(1N.i .H,1 ...t0
>(~~>~{ VW=) >1E,%13 RS.*. ,A1
.1,H
3 :60J ,A7.C 4.. 00a .
.,. RS0=:"1u
AZtci wZwb mLvb _K fxZ Aevq ei nq cojb c_ `LZ
`LZ Ges ejjb, n Avgvi cvjbKZv! AvgvK hvjg mc`vqi
Kej _K iv Ki| Gici hLb wZwb (cvkeZx ivR) gvw`qvb
AwfgyL iIqvbv njb, ZLb (`p wekvm wbq) ej DVjb, wbqB
Avgvi cfy AvgvK mij c_ `Lveb (KvQvQ 28/21-22)|
Avmj Avjvn PvwQjb, divEbi ivRcvmv` _K g~mvK ei Ki
wbZ Ges mvaviY gvbyli RxebvPvii m cwiwPZ KiZ| mv_ mv_
Avjvn ZuvK ZrKvjxb GKRb k bexi Mn jvwjZ-cvwjZ Ki
ZvInxì eve wkvq AvMvg cwic Ki wbZ PvBjb|
g~mvi cixv mg~n :
Abvb bexì cixv nqQ mvaviYZt beyAZ jvfi ci| wK
g~mvi cixv i nqQ Zvi Rb jvfi ci _KB| eZt beyAZ
cvwi c~e I ci Zuvi Rxeb e cixv nqQ| hgb Avjvn g~mv
(Avt)-K wbq ejb, ,*5-+ .]3.-0. Avi Avgiv ZvgvK AbK
cixvq djwQ (Zvqvnv 20/40)|
beyAZ jvfi c~e Zuvi cavb cixv wQj wZbwU| h_vt (1) nZv _K
euP hvIqv (2) gvw`qvb wnRiZ (3) gvw`qvb _K wgmi hvv|
AZtci beyAZ jvfi ci Zuvi cixv nq cavbZt PviwUt (1)
Rv`yKiì gyKvwejv (2) divEbi hyjygmg~n gyKvwejv (3) mvMiWywei
cixv (4) evqZzj gyKvvm Awfhvb|
beyAZ-c~e 1g cixv : nZv _K euP hvIqv
g~mvi Rb nqwQj Zuvi KIgi Dci AvcwZZ ivxq nZvhi
fqsKi wefxwlKvi ga| Avjvn ZuvK Ac~e Kkji gvag euvwPq
bb| AZtci Zuvi Rvbx `ykgbi NiB ZuvK wbivc` I mmvb
Contents
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22
jvjb-cvjb Kivjb| m m Zuvi gv I cwieviK Kijb DPZi

mvgvwRK ghv`vq DbxZ| A_P g~mvi RbK VKvbvi RbB divEb
Zvi ckwi gvag eby BmvCji kZ kZ wk cyK nZv Ki
PjwQj| G welq BwZc~e ewYZ nqQ|
2q cixv : gvw`qvb wnRiZ
AZtci hebKvj Zuvi wZxq cixv nj- wnRiZi cixv| g~jZt
GUvB wQj Zuvi vbeyw nevi ci 1g cixv| klbex mn Abvb
bexi Rxeb mvaviYZt beyAZcvwi ci wnRiZi cixv w`Z
nqQ| wK g~mv (Avt)-Gi Rxeb beyAZ cvwi AvMB GB KwVb
cixv DcwZ nq| AbvKvswLZ I AvKwK nZvKvi Avmvgx nq
Rxebi fq fxZ-m g~mv divEbi ivRmxgv Qo Kc`Knxb
Aevq cvkeZx ivR gvw`qvb wMq DcwZ njb| zavq-Zvq
KvZi g~mv GB fxwZKi `xN mdi wKfve PjQb, wK LqQb mme
welq ZvdmxiKviMY wewfb PgKc` NUbvejx DjL KiQb| wK
KziAvb Gme welq Pzc _KQ weavq AvgivI Pzc _vKwQ| Ze
iIqvbv nevi mgq hnZz g~mv wbRK m~Yic ^xq cvjbKZv
Avjvn&i Dci mgcY KiwQjb Ges cZvkv KiwQjb wbqB Avgvi
cvjbKZv AvgvK mij c_ `Lveb (KvQvQ 28/22), AZGe ZuvK
gvw`qvbi gZ AcwiwPZ ivR c_ `wLq wbq hvIqv I mmvb
mLvb emevm Kivi hveZxq `vwqZ Avjvn wbqwQjb| Gi ga
Avgvì Rb wkYxq welq iqQ h, m~Yic Avjvn&i Dci
wbRK muc w`j Avjvn Zuvi bKKvi ev`vì me `vwqZ wbR wbq
_vKb| DjL h, eZgvb c~e R`vbi gvAvb (6F) mvgyw`K
eìi AbwZ`~iB gv`Bqvb AewZ|
gvw`qvbi Rxeb : weevn I msmvi cvjb
gvw`qvb cek Ki wZwb cvwbi Avkvq GKUv K~ci w`K Mjb|
mLvb cvwb cv_x jvKì wfoi A`~i `ywU gqK Zvì ZvZ
cwj mn Amnvqfve ùvwoq _vKZ `L Zuvi `q D_j DVjv|
KD Zvì w`K cB KiQ bv| g~mv wbR ghj~g| wZwb ghj~gi
e_v eySb| ZvB wKQzY BZtZ Ki gq `ywUi w`K GwMq
Contents
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23
Mjb| wZwb Zvì mgmvi K_v wRm Kij Zviv ejj, Avgiv
Avgvì cwjK cvwb cvb KivZ cvwi bv, hZY bv ivLvjiv Zvì
cwjK cvwb cvb Kwiq Pj hvq| A_P Avgvì wcZv LyeB e
(whwb Ni em Avgvì Acvq D`Mxe nq AvQb)| AZtci Zvì
cwj Gb g~mv cvwb cvb Kivjb (Zvici gq `ywU cwj wbq
evox Pj Mj)| g~mv GKwU MvQi Qvqvq em Avjvn&i KvQ cv_bv
Kijb,
>(~Y VW=) >1=0 ;,%.i ,1 3A01@ .o:.v0J .U1 A71@ 7d.C
n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Zzwg Avgvi Dci h AbyMn bvwhj Kie, Avwg
Zvi gyLvcx (KvQvQ 28/24)| nVvr `Lv Mj h evwjKvqi GKRb
mj c`c Zuvi w`K AvmQ| gqwU Gm axi K ZvK ejj,
Avgvi wcZv AvcbvK WKQb, hvZ Avcwb h AvgvìK cvwb cvb
KwiqQb, Zvi wewbgq îc AvcbvK cyivi w`Z cvib (KvQvQ
28/23-25)|
DjL h, evwjKvqi wcZv wQjb gv`Bqvb evmxì wbKU cwiZ
weLvZ bex nhiZ Avqe (Avt)| g~mv BwZc~e KLbv Zuvi bvg
kvbbwb ev ZuvK wPbZb bv| Zuvi KvQ cuQ g~mv Zuvi ev me
eYbv Kijb| Avqe (Avt) mewKQz b ejjb, .1 .j,*.. ,L.t.u0f
.,%1U10: 1<,*0=: fq Kiv bv| Zzwg hvjg mc`vqi Kej _K gyw

cqQ| Ggb mgq evwjKvqi GKRb ejj, Avev! GuK evoxZ
KgPvix wnmve iL w`b| Kbbv 5w10D: kz1*0=: .j,.G:D.-, 1. .,%.i ?61@
Avcbvi Kg mnvqK wnmve mB-B Dg ne, h kwkvjx I wek
(KvQvQ 28/26)| ZLb wZwb g~mvK j Ki ejjb, Avwg Avgvi GB
Kbvqi GKRbK Zvgvi mv_ weevn w`Z PvB GB kZ h, Zzwg
AvU eQi Avgvi evoxZ KgPvix _vKe| Ze hw` `k eQi c~Y Kiv,
mUv Zvgvi BQv| Avwg ZvgvK K w`Z PvB bv| Avjvn Pvnb Zv
Zzwg AvgvK m`vPvix wnmve cve| g~mv ejj, Avgvi I Avcbvi ga
GB Pzw wi nj| `ywU gqvì ga _K hKvb GKwU c~Y Kij
Avgvi wei Kvb AwfhvM _vKe bv| Avgiv hv ejwQ, Avjvn Zvi
Dci ZveavqK (KvQvQ 28/25-28)| g~jZt GUvB wQj Zvì weqi
Contents
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24
gvnivbv| mhyM G aibi iIqvR AbKi ga Pvjy wQj| hgb

BwZc~e BqvK~e (Avt) Zuvi xi gvnivbv eve` mvZ eQi ki evoxZ
gl PwiqQb| Gfve APbv-ARvbv `k Gm g~mv (Avt) Ab-eevmvb Ges Abvb wbivcvmn AZ ghv`vevb I wbfihvM GKRb
AwffveK cq Mjb| mB m cjb Rxeb mv_x GKRb cwZcivqYv eywgZx x| AZtci myL-^vQ` g~mvi w`bwj AwZevwnZ
nZ _vKjv| mgq Mwoq GK mgq gqv` c~Y nq Mj| Avyjvn
Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb, wZwb PvKzixi evaZvg~jK AvU eQi Ges
HwQK `yeQi gqv` c~Y KiwQjb| Kbbv GUvB bex Pwii Rb
kvfbxq h, KZZv îc HwQK `yeQiI wZwb c~Y Kieb|19
Avyjvn Beb gvmE` (ivt) ejb,
6J 4 l* 4TJ )uJ a w .L*

5x :_ Z 5ZJ
jGD- i 6@ lGD- o
oa w 4* + x F(
>) ' 4sC .U L"t- w 8

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mevwaK `~i`kx ew wQjb wZbRb: 1- BDmydK qKvix wgmii
Avhxh (ivR^gx), hLb wZwb Zvi xK ejwQjb, GK mvbi
mv_ ivL, nqZev m Avgvì KjvY Avme 2- g~mvi x, hLb
(weevni c~e) wZwb ^xq wcZvK ejwQjb, n wcZv, GuK KgPvix
wbqvM Kib| wbqB Avcbvi k mnhvMx wZwbB nZ cvib, whwb
kwkvjx I wek Ges 3- AveyeKi wQxK, hLb wZwb IgiK Zuvi
cieZx Ljxdv gbvbxZ Kib|20
3q cixv: wgmi AwfgyL hvv I cw_ga beyAZ jvf
gvnivbvi Pzwi gqv` kl| GLb hvevi cvjv| cybivq ^`k div|
`yi `yi e| fxZ-m gb| Pnvivq `ywvi Qvc| ZeyI hZ ne|
wcZv-gvZv, fvB-evb mevB iqQb wgmi| Avjvn&i Dci fimv Ki
x-cwievi wbq ei njb cybivq wgmii c_| i nj ZZxq
cixvi cvjv|
19. eyLvix nv/2487 mv mg~n Aavq 28 AbyQ`|
20. gyvìvK nvKg 2/376 ct nv/3320, mb` Qnxn; Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb
wbnvqvn 1/228|
Contents
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25
DjL, `k eQi wZwb `ywU cy mvb jvf Kib Ges kii KvQ
_K cvb GK cvj `y^v| GQvov ZvKIqv I cinhMvixi AvavwZK
cwkY Zv wZwb jvf KiwQjb wecyjfve|
cwievii Kvdjv wbq g~mv iIqvbv njb ^`k AwfgyL| cw_ga
wgmi mxgv AewZ wmbvB ceZgvjvi Z~i cvnvoi wbKUeZx vb
cuQj nVvr xi cme e`bv i nj| GLywb cqvRb Avbi| wK
Kv_vq cveb Avb| cv_i cv_i Nl e_v Pv Kijb KZY|
cP kxZ I ZzlvicvZi KviY cv_i Nlvq KvR nj bv| w`knviv
nq Pvwiw`K `LZ jvMjb| nVvr AbwZ`~i Avbi njKv bRi
coj| Avkvq eyK euvajb| x I cwieviK ejjb, Zvgiv GLvb
Aevb Ki| Avwg Avb `LwQ| meZt Avwg Zv _K Zvgvì
Rb wKQz Avb Rvwjq AvbZ cvie A_ev mLvb cuQ c_i mvb
cve (Zvqvnv 20/10)| GK_v ` gb nq, g~mv c_ nvwiq
djwQjb|21 cw_ga kvg Aji kvmKì c _K cavb moK
wec`vksKv wQj| ZvB kii Dc`k gvZveK wZwb cwiwPZ ivv
Qo AcwiwPZ ivvq PjZ wMq gif~wgi ga c_ nvwiq Wvb w`K
Pj Z~i cvnvoi cwg cv cuQ Mjb| g~jZt G c_ nvivbvUv
wQj Avjvn&i gnv cwiKbviB Ask|
g~mv Avkvw^Z nq hZB Avbi wbKUeZx nb, Avbi nj&Kv ZZB
wcQvZ _vK| Avh nq `Ljb, meyR ei Dci Avb RjQ|
A_P MvQi cvZv cyoQ bv; eis Zvi DjZv AviI eo hvQ|
weq Awff~Z g~mv GK ` AvbwUi w`K ZvwKq iBjb| nVvr GK
iMxi AvIqvh Kvb Gjv Zuvi Pvi cvk _K| gb nj cvnvoi
mKj cv _K GKB mv_ AvIqvh AvmQ| g~mv ZLb Z~i cvnvoi
Wvb w`K Zzev (e.*+O) DcZKvq `vqgvb| Avjvn ejb,
1Z30=5U: 1.*:1 ./31@ ./,%0",F. p, 0",i0 ./k.C .0J A71@ >4.*5 .

.z1*5 .I.u0J 3U0"0
>({~>{{ )O) >e*+O
Contents
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26
AZtci hLb wZwb Avbi KvQ cuQjb, ZLb AvIqvh Gjv, n

g~mv! AvwgB Zvgvi cvjbKZv| AZGe Zzwg Zvgvi RyZv Lyj dj|
Zzwg cwe DcZKv Zzevq iqQ (Zvqvnv 20/11-12)| Gi viv wekl
Aevq cwe vb RyZv Lvjvi Avè cgvwYZ nq| hwÌ cvK RyZv
cvq w`q QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Rvqh|22 AZtci Avjvn ejb,
$1 1a0J. A1,5,0 .0J ?f1@ .)01@ ^ ' .0J A131@ >4.*5

.U1 ,p1U.-,0 ./5u,.-,i .0J.
>4.F,.u .U1 ;:(. E+T e.v,5-1 .H%1(,i+J 50T0J _.%1u0S 0.3 ?61@ >z1:T1Q1 0h03W
>({>{X )O) >e.,.-0 5l.*.I .p.3u. .H1 51,
5 0f ,. .H,. ./335W
. 00
Avi Avwg ZvgvK gbvbxZ KiwQ| AZGe ZvgvK hv cZv`k Kiv
nQ Zv gbvhvM w`q bZ _vK| wbq AvwgB Avjvn| Avwg
eZxZ Kvb Dcvm bB| AZGe Avgvi Bev`Z Ki Ges Avgvi iY
QvjvZ Kvqg Ki| wKqvgZ AekB Avme, Avwg Zv Mvcb ivLZ
PvB; hvZ cZK Zvi Kgvbyhvqx dj jvf KiZ cvi| myZivs h
ew wKqvgZ wekvm ivL bv Ges wbR cewi AbymiY Ki, m hb
ZvgvK (wKqvgZ welq mZK _vKv nZ) wbe bv Ki| Zvnj Zzwg
asm nq hve (Zvqvnv 20/13-16)|
G ch AvKx`v I Bev`ZMZ welq wb`k `vbi ci Gevi KgMZ
wb`k w`q Avjvn ejQb,
40". .H1 k 5I0J. .H,%0". +D?T.*.u0J .z.W. .A1I 00a >4.*5 .

./1%1U.%1 ./:"1u ..
_3%. A. 1I 0`120 .I0=:0D0 >4.*5 .
.H1=:0J 00a >e.,i+J 5d1C. .H%1 .A1. A1U.0y
>(~{>{q )O) >40+D: .H.u.1 .I5%1F5. ,L.t.u 0f. .I:Q5i 00a >4.F,.u
n g~mv! Zvgvi Wvb nvZ IUv wK? g~mv ejjb, GUv Avgvi jvwV|
Gi Dci Avwg fi `B Ges Gi viv Avgvi QvMcvji Rb MvQi
cvZv So bvgvB| ZvQvov Gi viv Avgvi Abvb KvRI Pj| Avjvn
ejjb, n g~mv! Zzwg IUv dj `vI| AZtci wZwb IUv (gvwUZ)
22. Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/766, QvjvZ Aavq mZi AbyQ`-8|
Contents
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dj w`ZB Zv mvc nq QzUvQzwU KiZ jvMj| Avjvn ejjb, Zzwg

IUvK ai, fq Kiv bv, Avwg GLywb IK c~evevq wdwiq è (Zvqvnv
20/17-21)|
GwU wQj g~mvK Ìqv 1g gyRhv| Kbbv wgmi wQj Hmgq
Rv`ywe`vq kxlvb AevbKvix `k| mLvbKvi k Rv`yKiì
nvwiq Ìqvi gvagB beyAZi kZ cgvY Kiv AvekK wQj|
mRbB Avjvn g~mvK mew`K w`q cZ Ki w`wQjb| Gi dj
g~mv wbRi ga AbKUv kw I ^w jvf Kijb|
1g gyRhv c`vbi ci Avjvn ZvK wZxq gyRhv c`vbi Dk
ejjb,
,1 ./
.151 >e.,i+J K
.} ;S*5 1,%0y ,1 S.M,%. ,5,t.u ./1..G 401@ .].
. ,$5U,s.
>(~X>~~ )O) >e.,+[: .1u.
}
Zvgvi nvZ eMj ivL| Zvici `Le Zv ei nq Avme Dj I
wbgj Avjv nq, Ab GKwU wb`kb ic| GUv GRb h, Avgiv
ZvgvK Avgvì weivU wb`kbvejxi wKQz Ask `LvZ PvB (Zvqvnv
20/22-23)|
bqwU wb`kb:
Avjvn ejb, >({|{ S@) >;j.7%. ;j.
} .p,1u 4.*5 .,%.u} ,0=0. Avgiv
g~mvK bqwU wb`kb c`vb KiwQjvg (Bmiv 17/101; bvgj 27/12)| GLvb
wb`kb A_ GK`j wevb gyRhv wbqQb| Ze 9 msLv DjL
Kivq Gi ekx bv nIqvUv hiix bq| eis Gi Pq AbK ekx gyRhv
ZuvK Ìqv nqwQj| hgb cv_i jvwV gvivq 12wU Mvi Rb
evivwU SYvaviv wbMgb, Zxn& cvi gNi Qvqv c`vb, gvbv-mvjIqv
Lv` AeZiY cfwZ| Ze G bqwU wQj AwaK iZc~Y I k wb`kb
mg~ni Afy, hv divEbx mc`vqK c`kb Kiv nqwQj|
Avyjvn Beb Avevm (ivt) D 9wU gyRhv wbgic MYbv KiQb|
h_v- (1) g~mv (Avt)-Gi eeZ jvwV, hv wbc Kiv gv ARMi
Contents
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mvci bvq nq hZ (2) nvZ, hv eMji bxP _K ei KiZB

RvwZgq nq mvP jvBUi gZ PgKvZ _vKZ (3) wbRi ZvZjvwg,
hv g~mvi cv_bvg `~i Ki Ìqv nq (4) divEbx KIgi Dci
cveYi Mhe ciY (5) AZtci ccvj (6) DKzb (7) evO (8) i
Ges Aekl (9) b`x fvM Ki ZvK mn eby BmvCjK mvMiWywe nZ
bvRvZ `vb| Ze c_g `ywUB wQj mecavb gyRhv, hv wbq wZwb
iZ divEbi wbKU wMqwQjb (bgj 27/10, 12)|
Aek KziAvb ewYZ AvqvZ mg~n _K cZxqgvb nq h, c_g
divEbi mc`vqi Dci `ywfi Mhe GmwQj| hgb Avjvn
ejb, >065?T?Q
. ,$5H?".F0 1j..U? .7 ;V:=.. .w171 06*.,1 0} .:Q.i0J ,0=0.
>({X| ) Avgiv cvKovI KiwQjvg divEbi AbymvixìK

`ywfi gvag Ges dj-dmjvwì q-wZi gvag, hvZ Zviv
Dc`k MnY Ki (Avivd 7/130)|
nvdh Beby KvQxi ZvZjvgxUv ev` w`q `ywfmn bqwU wb`kb
eYbv KiQb| Aek divEb mc`vqi Dci AviI GKwU wb`kb
GmwQj cM-gnvgvix (Avivd 7/134)| hvZ Zvì 70 nvhvi jvK
gviv wMqwQj Ges ci g~mv (Avt)-Gi `vAvi eiKZ gnvgvix DV
wMqwQj| GUvK MYbvq aij megvU wb`kb 11wU nq| Ze bq
K_vwU wVK ivLZ wMq KD ZvZjvwg I cM ev` w`qQb| KD
`ywf I cM ev` w`qQb| g~jZt meUvB wQj g~mv (Avt)-Gi
beyAZi AKv `jxj I iZc~Y gyRhv, hv wgmi divEbx
mc`vqi Dci c`wkZ nqwQj| Gwj meB nqwQj wgmi| AZGe
Avgiv mLvb cuQ Gmei wevwiZ weeiY ck Kie BbkvAvjvn|
wmbvB nZ wgmi
cme e`bvq KvZi xi Rb Avb AvbZ wMq g~mv Ggb GK bZzb
AwfZvi myLxb njb, hv ixwZgZ fxwZKi, wkniYg~jK I
Af~Zc~e| wZwb xi Rb Avb wbq hZ ciwQjb wK-bv ev
cwievii mevq wZwb ci wK wK eev wbjb- Gme welq KziAvb
Contents
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29
Pzc iqQ| KziAvbi MnxZ evKixwZ Abyhvqx G mei eYbv Kvb hiix
welq bq| Kbbv Gwj mvaviY gvbweK ZvKx`, hv hKvb ^vgxB Zvi
x I cwievii Rb Ki _vK| AZGe GLb Avgiv mvgbi w`K
AvMve|
Avjvn cvK g~mvK beyAZ I cavb `ywU gyRhv `vbi ci wb`k
w`jb,
>z1,0J ,A1 ,7

.. >,z1C,.x A, 1 ,., 7d.C 00a >4. 0O 5)31@ 06,*.,1 401@ ,.I:`@
06,5C.I >,A1",I0J ,7 K
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. >,A1.n 7 Kh.:=5 :E+",.
.].+T:Q.3 >K10T ./.97.5 ,A0T >,z1,0J ,A1 5):T1,0J. >,z1C,g0J 1)1 ,5, >A1i0J
>(Xb>~Y )O) >K,%1W. .1 .o,+T ./31@ >K,%10T
n g~mv! Zzwg divEbi KvQ hvI| m DZ nq MQ| fxZ m
g~mv ejj, n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Avgvi e DbvPb Ki w`b Ges
Avgvi KvR mnR Ki w`b| Avgvi wRnv _K RoZv `~i Ki w`b
hvZ Zviv Avgvi K_v eySZ cvi Ges Avgvi cwievii ga _K
GKRbK Avgvi mvnvhKvix wbhy Ki w`b| Avgvi fvB nviYK
w`b| Zvi gvag Avgvi Kvgi k Kib Ges ZvK (bex Ki)
Avgvi KvR Askx`vi Kib| hvZ Avgiv ekx ekx Ki Avcbvi
cweZv NvlYv KiZ cvwi Ges AwaK cwigvY AvcbvK iY KiZ
cvwi| Avcwb Zv Avgvì Aev meB `LQb (Zvqvnv 20/24-35)|
g~mvi Dciv `xN cv_bvi Reve Avjvn ejjb, /
. 0,5 .o%1u+J ,0a 00a
>(Xq>X )O) >e.,i+J Kh3. ./,%0". 3.. ,0=0. 4.*5 .

n g~mv! Zzwg hv
hv PqQ, meB ZvgvK Ìqv nj| ay Gevi Kb, Avwg Zvgvi
Dci AviI GKevi AbyMn KiwQjvg (Zvqvnv 20/36-37)| ejB Avjvn
g~mvK Zvi Rbi ci b`xZ fvwmq Ìqvi I divEbi Ni jvjbcvjbi PgKc` Kvwnbx wbq w`jb|
Contents
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Avjvn&i Ljv eySv fvi| nZvi UvMU nq Rbjvf Ki nZvi NvlYv

`vbKvix mgvU divEbi Mn cymn jvwjZ-cvwjZ nq ci
hebKvj cybivq nZvKvi Avmvgx nq cvYfq fxZ I Kc`Kk~b
Aevq ^`k Qo we`k cvwo Rgvjb| AZtci mLvb `xN `k
eQi glcvjKi PvKzix Ki x-cwievi wbq ^`k divi c_
ivnhvwbi fq g~j ivv Qo AcwiwPZ ivvq Gm KbKb kxZi
ga AKvi ivZ cme e`bvq KvZi xK wbq gnv wec`M ^vgx
hLb A`~i Avjvi SjKvwb `L Avkvq eyK eua mw`K QzUQb|
ZLb wZwb RvbZb bv h, mLvb Zvi Rb Acv KiQ Ggb GK
gnv mymsev` hv `ywbqvi Kvb gvbyl BwZc~e `Lwb, kvbwb, KbvI
Kiwb| wek PivPii cvjbKZv Avjvn ^qs ^K, ^k I ^-fvlvq
ZvK WK K_v ejeb, GI wK me? kswKZ, wknwiZ, cyjwKZ g~mv
mewKQz fyj cyiv `n-gb w`q bQb ^xq cfyi èevYx| `Ljb
Zuvi b~ii ZvRvjx| PvBjb cvYfi hv PvIqvi wQj| cjb mv_ mv_
cwic~Yfve| GZ eySv hvq, cvwievwiK mgmv I ivvNvUi mgmv
meB Avjvn&i gnievbxZ myìfve mgvavb nq wMqwQj hv KziAvb
DjLi cqvRb cowb|
Iw`K g~mvi cv_bv Keyji mv_ mv_ Avjvn nviYK wgmi Anxi
gvag beyAZ c`vb Kijb (gvwiqvg 19/53) Ges ZvK g~mvi AvMgb
evZv Rvwbq w`jb| mB m g~mvK mvweK mnhvwMZv Kivi Ges
ZvK wgmii evBi Gm Af_bv Kivi wb`k Ìqv nq| wZwb eby
BmvCji bZe`K wbq GwMq Gm h_vh_fve m wb`k cvjb
Kib|23
g~mvi cuvPwU `vAv : beyAZi i `vwqZ jvfi ci g~mv (Avt) Gi
iZ Dcjw Ki Zv enbi gZv ARbi Rb Avjvn&i mvnvh
cv_bv Kib| BwZc~e ewYZ `xN cv_bv msc cuvPwU fvM fvM Kiv
nj, hv wbgic:
23. KziZzex, Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi nv`xQzj dzZb; Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 1/237|
Contents
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c_g `vAv : e1C,.x ,41 ,., 7d.C n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Avgvi e

DbvPb Ki w`b| A_vr beyAZi wekvj `vwqZ enbi Dchy vb I
`~i`wkZvi DchvMx Ki w`b Ges Avgvi `qK Ggb ck Ki w`b,
hvZ DZi c _K fwelZ cv Acev` I `ytL-K enb Zv
mg nq|
wZxq `vAv : ,e1,0 ,41,7
.. Avgvi Kg mnR Ki w`b| A_vr
beyAZi KwVb `vwqZ enbi KvR Avgvi Rb mnR Ki w`b| Kbbv
Avjvn&i AbyMn eZxZ Kvi cB Kvb KvR mnR I myìfve mb
Kiv me bq| ^xq A`wi gvag g~mv (Avt) eySZ ciwQjb h,
divEbi gZ GKRb `yal, hvjg I i wccvmy mgvUi wbKU wMq
xbi `vIqvZ ck Kiv gvUB mnRmva evcvi bq, Avjvn&i GKv
mvnvh eZxZ|
ZZxq `vAv : ,41,*0a ,*5H0=:(
. ,41.n ,7 Kh.:=5 :E+",. Avgvi wRnvi RoZv
`~i Ki w`b, hvZ jvKiv Avgvi K_v eySZ cvi| Kbbv imvjvZ
I `vIqvZi Rb ivm~j I `vCK fvlx I wefvlx nIqv GKv
AvekK| g~mv (Avt) wbRi G wU `~i Ki Ìqvi Rb Avjvn&i
wbKU weklfve cv_bv Kib| cieZx AvqvZ hnZz Zuvi mKj
cv_bv Keyji K_v ejv nqQ (Zvqvnv 20/36), mnZz G cv_bvwUI h
Keyj nqwQj Ges Zuvi ZvZjvwg `~i nq wMqwQj, mK_v ejv hvq|
G welq wewfb Zvdmxi M wewfb PgKc` Kvwnbx ewYZ nqQ|
hgb kke wZwb gyL Avb cyiwQjb ej Zuvi wRf cyo wMqwQj|
Kbbv divEbi `vwo ai PcUvNvZ Kivi Rb g~mvK divEb nZv
KiZ PqwQj| ZvK euvPvbvi Rb divDbi x Avwmqvi DcwZ
eywi Rvi wZwb euP hvb| mwU wQj GB h, ZvK Aeva wk cgvY
Kivi Rb divEbi x `ywU cv Gb g~mvi mvgb ivLb| g~mv ZLb
wReivCji mvnvh gwYgyvi cv nvZ bv w`q Avbi cv nvZ
w`q GKUv wj Zzj wbRi Mvj cyi bb| GZ Zvi wRf cyo hvq
I wZwb Zvrjv nq hvb| Iw`K divEbI eyS bb h g~mv wbZvB
Contents
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Aeva| mKviY ZvK gv Ki `b| hwÌ Gme Kvwnbx KziZzex,

gvhnvix cfwZ cwm Zvdmxi M ewYZ nqQ, ZeyI Gjvi Kvb
we wfw bB| ZvB Zvrjvwgi welqwU ^vfvweK wU ai bIqvB
hywhy|
DjL h, Beby Avevm (ivt) KZK bvmvCZ ewYZ nv`xQzj dzZb
Kej Avbi cv nvZ Ìqvi K_v iqQ| wK Avb gyL Ìqvi
K_v bB| Gi dj wZwb divEbi nvZ wbnZ nIqv _K euP hvb|
G Rb G NUbvK D nv`xQ 3bs wdrbv ev cixv wnmve eYbv Kiv
nqQ|24
PZz_ `vAv : ,41i0J 06,5C.I 41",I0J ,7
,1g. ,4n :E.F,G. Avgvi cwievi
_K Avgvi Rb GKRb Dhxi wbqvM Kib| Avgvi fvB nviYK|
c~ei wZbwU `vAv wQj Zuvi wbR mv mwKZ| AZtci PZz_
`vAvwU wQj imvjvZi `vwqZ cvjb mwKZ| Dhxi A_ evSv
enbKvix| g~mv (Avt) ^xq beyAZi evSv enb mec_g I mecavb
Dcvq wnmve GKRb hvM I wek mnhvMx cv_bv Ki `vwqZ cvjb
^xq AvwiKZv I `~i`wkZvi cwiPq w`qQb Ges wbw`fve wbRi
eo fvB nviYi bvg Ki Akl eywgvi cwiPq w`qQb| KviY fvB
nviY AvRb wgmiB Aevb Kivi KviY Zuvi AwfZv wQj AbK
ekx| AwaK Zvi Dci divEbi Kvb va ev vf wQj bv|
mevcwi wZwb wQjb GKRb AZ wefvlx ew, xbi `vIqvZ
c`vbi Rb hv wQj mePvBZ hiix|
cg `vAv : ,e1,0 ,41 5):T1,0J. Ges ZvK Avgvi KvR kixK Ki
w`b| A_vr ZvK Avgvi beyAZi KvR kixK Ki w`b| hvZ Avgiv
ekx ekx Avcbvi whKi I cweZv eYbv KiZ cvwi (Zvqvnv 20/3334)| GUv Ab^xKvh h, Avjvn&i xbi cPvi I cmvi Ges Avjvn&i
whKi gkj _vKvi Rb Dchy cwiek hiix| GKviYB wZwb mr I
wbfihvM mv_x I mnhvMx wnmve eo fvB nviYK beyAZ kixK
24. Zvdmxi Beb KvQxi, Zvqvnv 20/40|
Contents
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33
Kivi Rb Avjvn&i wbKU `vAv Kib| ZvQvov wZwb GKwU AvksKvi

K_v DjL Ki ejb, n Avgvi cvjbKZv, Avwg Zvì GK ewK
nZv KiwQjvg| ZvB Avwg fq KiwQ h, Zviv AvgvK nZv Kie|
Avgvi fvB nviY, m Avgvi Acv cvjfvlx| AZGe ZvK Avgvi
mv_ mvnvhi Rb ciY Kib| m AvgvK mg_b hvMve| Avwg
AvksKv Kwi h, Zviv AvgvK wg_vev`x eje (KvQvQ 28/33-34)|
D cuvPwU `vAv kl nevi ci mwj Keyj nIqvi mymsev` w`q
Avjvn ejb, 4.,*5 .
./0,5 .o,%1u,+J ,0a n g~mv! Zzwg hv hv PqQ,
meB ZvgvK c`vb Kiv nj (Zvqvnv 20/36)| GgbwK g~mvi mvnm
ewi Rb ./,%1i0D1 .].5M. k5.. Avgiv Zvgvi fvBqi gvag Zvgvi
evK mej Kie Ges Zvgvì `yRbK AvwacZ `vb Kie| dj
kiv Zvgvì KvQB NulZ cvie bv| ZvQvov Avgvi wb`kbvejxi
Rvi Zvgiv (`yfvB) Ges Zvgvì Abymvixiv (kci Dci)
weRqx _vKe (KvQvQ 28/35)|
g~mv njb Kvjxgyjvn :
Zzev cvii D NUbv _K g~mv Kej bex njb bv| eis wZwb
njb Kvjxgyjvn ev Avjvn&i mv_ evKvjvcKvix| hwÌ klbex (Qvt)
givR Avjvn&i m K_v ejQb| wK `ywbqvZ Gfve evKvjvci
mfvM Kejgv nhiZ g~mv (Avt)-Gi nqwQj| Avjvn wewfb bexK
wewfb welq wewkZv `vb KiQb| hgb Avjvn ejb, n g~mv! Avwg
Avgvi evZv cvVvbvi gvag Ges Avgvi evKvjvci gvag ZvgvK
jvKì Dci wewkZv `vb KiwQ| AZGe Avwg ZvgvK hv wKQz `vb
Kijvg, Zv MnY Ki Ges KZ _vK (Avivd 7/144)| Gfve Avjvn
cvK g~mv (Avt)-Gi mv_ AviKevi K_v ejb, mvMi Wywe _K bvRvZ
cvevi ci kvg Gm GKB vb ZIivZ c`vbi mgq (Avivd 7/138,
145)| Gfve g~mv njb Kvjxgyjvn|
gnvb mwKZv Avjvn&i mv_ mivmwi evKvjvci ci DrmvwnZ I
cyjwKZ g~mv GLvb Z~i cvnvoi cv``k GjvKvq wKQz w`b wekvg
Contents
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34
Kijb| AZtci wgmi AwfgyL iIqvbv njb| wmbvB _K AbwZ`~i

wgmi mxgv cuQ Mj h_vixwZ eo fvB nviY I Abvb AvZxq^Rb Gm ZuvìK mvì Af_bv Ki wbq Mjb (KziZzex, Beby KvQxi)|
g~mv (Avt)-Gi wgmi cZveZb :
divEb I Zvi cvwilèMi wei AjwKK jvwV I AvjvwKZ n
Zvjyi `ywU wb`kb wbq g~mv (Avt) wgmi cuQjb (KvQvQ 28/32)|
divEb I Zvi mfvm` eMK Avjvn (1C3 401@ 06,*5,
3 K1U?N0J) Rvnvbvgi
w`K AvnvbKvix bZe` (KvQvQ 28/41) wnmve Ges Zvì mc`vqK
dvmK ev cvcvPvix (KvQvQ 28/32) ej AvLvwqZ KiQb| Avjvn cvK
g~mvK ejjb Zzwg I Zvgvi fvB Avgvi wb`kbejxmn hvI Ges
Avgvi iY kw_j Kiv bv| Zvgiv Dfq divEbi KvQ hvI|
m Lye DZ nq MQ| Zvgiv Zvi KvQ wMq bgfvlvq K_v eje|
ZvZ nqZ m wPv-fvebv Kie A_ev fxZ ne| Zviv ejj, n
Avgvì cvjbKZv, Avgiv AvksKv KiwQ h, m Avgvì Dci hyjyg
Kie wKsev DwRZ nq DVe| Avjvn ejjb, ,A131@ 0.t.u 0f 00a
e.C0J. 5p.U,0J .U+[.F. Zvgiv fq Kiv bv| Avwg Zvgvì mv_ AvwQ|
Avwg Zvgvì (me K_v) bev I (me Aev) `Le (Zvqvnv 20/42-46)|
divEbi wbKU g~mv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZ :
Avjvn&i wb`kgZ g~mv I nviY divEb I Zvi mfvmèMi wbKU
cuQ Mjb| AZtci g~mv divEbK ejjb,
0,*+a0J ?f 60J 40". 8%1=. >.,%1U0.F: 7d3C 7 _*5.C ,A71@ +6,*.,1 .
4.*5 00a.
>0E%1N.,1@ ,A1. .A1F. :E1,C0D0 ,$+[73C 7 ;.7%.1 ,$+[5-:1G ,0a 38.9: ?f1@ 1' 40".
>({|b>{|Y )
n divEb! Avwg wekcfyi c nZ cwiZ ivm~j| Avjvn&i c
_K h mZ GmQ, Zvi ewZg wKQz bv ejvi evcvi Avwg `pwP|
Contents
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35
Avwg Zvgvì wbKU Zvgvì cvjbKZvi wb`kb wbq AvMgb

KiwQ| AZGe Zzwg eby BmvCjMYK Avgvi mv_ cvwVq `vI (Avivd
7/104-105)| g~mvi G`vex _K eySv hvq h, H mgq eby BmvCji
Dci divEbi I Zvi mc`vqi hyjyg Pig chvq cuQwQj Ges
Zvì m Avcvl emevmi Kvb ivv wQj bv| dj wZwb ZvìK
mLvb _K ei Ki AvbZ PvBjb| Ze GUv wbwZ h, g~mv ZLbB
eby BmvCjK wbq ei nq hvbwb| G welq Avgiv ci wevwiZ eYbv
Kie|
g~mv divEbK ejjb,
,0a 31@ >e.5H: .p.3u 1. 40". 5<03. ./73C ,7 ;
.1 .].:1G ,0a ,$5H,nQ.F5u 0f.
>(Y>Yq )O) >4?.*.u. .d?Q0T ,. 40". .d0Q.F: ?60J .,%01@ .A1+J
....Zzwg eby BmvCjì Dci wbcxob Kiv bv| Avgiv Avjvn&i wbKU
_K Anx jvf KiwQ h, h ew wg_vivc Ki I gyL wdwiq bq,
Zvi Dci Avjvn&i Avhve bg Avm (Zvqvnv 20/47-48)| GK_v b
divEb ZvwQji m ejj, g~mv! Zvgvi cvjbKZv K? g~mv
ejjb, Avgvi cvjbKZv wZwb, whwb cZK eK Zvi hvM AvKwZ
`vb KiQb| AZtci c_ c`kb KiQb| divEb ejj, Zvnj
AZxZ hyMi jvKì Aev wK? g~mv ejjb, Zvì Lei Avgvi
cfyi KvQ wjwLZ AvQ| Avgvi cvjbKZv v nb bv Ges weZI nb
bv| GK_v ejvi ci g~mv Avjvn&i wb`kb mg~n eYbv i Kijb, hvZ
divEb Zvi hwKZv gb wbZ eva nq| wZwb ejjb, Avgvi
cvjbKZv wZwb, whwb Zvgvì Rb cw_exK weQvbv îc evwbqQb
Ges ZvZ Pjvi c_ mg~n Zix KiQb| wZwb AvKvk _K ew elY
Kib Ges Zv viv wewfb cKvi Dw` Drcb Kib| Zvgiv Zv Avnvi
Ki I Zvgvì PZz` Rmg~n Pwiq _vK| wbqB GZ
weeKevbì Rb wb`kb mg~n iqQ (Zvqvnv 20/49-54)|
Contents
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36
g~mv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZi mvi-msc :

1. weki cvjbKZv Avjvn&i w`K Avnvb|
2. Avjvn cwiZ mZB cKZ mZ| Zvi ewZg wKQz bv ejv ev bv
Kivi evcvi me`v `pwP _vKvi NvlYv c`vb|
3. Avjvn&i Mhei fq c`kb|
4. Avjvn&i mwZ weklY|
5. wcQbi jvKì KZKgi wnmve Avjvn&i Dci b Ki eZgvb
Aevi mskvabi cwZ Avnvb|
6. ghj~g eby BmvCji gywi Rb hvjg divEbi wbKU Ave`b|
g~mv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZi djkwZ :
divEbi AnsKvix `q g~mvi `vIqvZ I Dc`kevYx Kvbic
iLvcvZ Kij bv| eis m cwivi ej w`j,
A, 7.C 4.*5 00a. >.,%130D: .1N.} ,A1 0Q.H1 .,F1U. .. e.-:(k ,91 ?f1@ 0Q.I .
5P1":(
5 0f 5)31@ 1C3 +.1a. 5)0 +6,*+[.u ,.. 1l11 ,1 e.5H:1 S.G ,.U1 5$0",0J
>(Xq>X VW=) >06,*5U1?
Zvgvi Gme AjxK Rv`y gv| Avgiv Avgvì c~e cyilì ga
Gme K_v wbwb| g~mv ejjb, Avgvi cvjbKZv mgK Rvbb K
Zvi wbKU _K n`vqvZi K_v wbq AvMgb KiQ Ges K cv ne
ciKvji Mn| wbqB hvjgiv mdjKvg ne bv (KvQvQ 28/36-37)|
divEb Zvi mfvm`MYK Dk Ki ejj, ,$+[0 5o,U1". . +D0".U: .H
k0J .
,z1,%0y ;)01@ ,7 n cvwilèM! Avwg eZxZ Zvgvì Kvb Dcvm AvQ
ej Avwg Rvwb bv (KvQvQ 28/38)| Gici m g~mvi cwZkZ ciKvji
Mn (1C3 +.1a.) `Lvi Rb RbMYK auvKv Ìqvi Dk Zvi
DhxiK ej DVj,
Contents
37
37
4.*5 1)01@ 401@ 5p1"?O0J ,An".F? K,.x ,An E.F,G0 1,%n! 40". +6..I .
,A1 ,1a,0D0
*k0. 78.9: 1,%. 1 1B,C0D: A1 5l5*55G. .*5I ..:[.-,. >.w11`0[: .1 5)k+0D0 ,A71@.
>(Xr>X VW=) >06*5F.G,
5 0f .,%01@ ,$5H30J
n nvgvb! Zzwg BU cvovI| AZtci Avgvi Rb GKwU cvmv` wbgvY
Ki, hvZ Avwg g~mvi DcvmK DuwK gi `LZ cvwi| Avgvi aviYv
m GKRb wg_vev`x| GK_v ej divEb I Zvi evwnbx Abvqfve
AnsKvi dU coj| Zviv aviYv Kij h, Zviv KLbvB Avjvn&i KvQ
cZvewZZ ne bv (KvQvQ 28/38-39; Mvwdi/gywgb 23/36-37)|
Ab ewYZ nqQ h, g~mv I nviY hLb divEbi KvQ wMq
ejjb, Avgiv wekRMZi cvjbKZvi ivm~j| Zzwg eby BmvCjK
Avgvì mv_ hZ `vI (kvAviv 26/16-17)| divEb ZLb euvKv c_
ai ck Ki emjv, Avgiv wK ZvgvK wk Aevq Avgvì ga
jvjb-cvjb Kwiwb? Ges Zzwg wK Avgvì gvS Zvgvi Rxebi e
eQi KvUvIwb? (18)| Avi Zzwg KiwQj (nZvKvi) mB Aciva, hv
Zzwg KiwQj| (GiciI Zzwg AvgvK cvjbKZv bv gb AbK
cvjbKZv ejQ?) Avmj ZzwgB nj Kvwdi ev KZNì Afy ( .o0J.
.
,110[: .1 =19)| Reve g~mv ejjb, Avwg m Aciva ZLb KiwQ
hLb Avwg v wQjvg (20)| AZtci Avwg fxZ nq Zvgvì KvQ
_K cjvqb KiwQjvg| Gici Avgvi cvjbKZv AvgvK cv `vb
KiQb I AvgvK ivm~jMYi Afy KiQb (21)| AZtci Avgvi
cwZ Zvgvi h AbyMni K_v ejQ Zv GB h, Zzwg eby BmvCjK
Mvjvg evwbq iLQ (22)| divEb GK_vi Reve bv w`q AvKx`vMZ
ck Zzj ejj, Zvgvì Kw_Z wekRMZi cvjbKZv Avevi K?(23)
g~mv ejjb, wZwb bfvgj, f~gj I GZ`yfqi gaeZx mewKQzi
cvjbKZv, hw` Zvgiv wekvmx nI(24)| G Reve b divEb Zvi
cvwilèMK ejj, Zvgiv wK bQ bv?(25)| ....Avmj Zvgvì
cwZ cwiZ G ivm~jwU GKUv Av cvMj (_6*5,.U0 ,$+[,%01@ 0E1,C+J z1Q? 00a
Contents
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38
$5 +[0*5.C ?61@ =27)| ...AZtci divEb g~mvK ejj, KH01@ .j:Q.t3u 110
>(~r SF) >.w1*5,.U: .1 ./30".F,G0D0 z1,%0y hw` Zzwg Avgvi
cwieZ AbK Dcvmic MnY Ki, Ze Avwg AekB ZvgvK
KvivMvi wbc Kie(29)| g~mv ejjb, Avwg Zvgvi KvQ Kvb
wb`kb wbq AvMgb KijI wK (Zzwg AvgvK KvivMvi wbc
Kie)? (kvAviv 26/18-30)|
ZLb divEb ZvwQjfi ejj, n g~mv! hw` Zzwg Kvb wb`kb wbq
Gm _vK, Zvnj Zv DcwZ Ki, hw` Zzwg mZev`x nq _vK(31)|
g~mv ZLb wbRi nvZi jvwV gvwUZ wbc Kijb| dj ZrYvr Zv
GKUv RjRv ARMi mvc cwiYZ nq Mj(32)| Zvici (eMj
_K) wbRi nvZ ei Kijb Ges Zv m m `kKì PvL
aeae AvjvKvj `LvZ jvMj (kvAviv 26/31-33; Avivd 7/106-108)|
Beby Avevm (ivt) ewYZ nv`xQzj dzZb ejv nqQ h, wekvj H
ARMi mvcwU hLb weivU nv Ki divEbi w`K GwMq Mj, ZLb
divEb fq wmsnvmb _K jvwdq g~mvi KvQ wMq Avkq PvBj Ges
wZwb ZvK Avkq w`jb (Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi m~iv Zvqvnv 20/40)|
DjL h, g~mvi c`wkZ jvwVi gvRhvwU wQj AZvPvix mgvU I Zvi
hvjg mc`vqi fq `Lvbvi Rb| Gi viv Zvì hveZxq `ywbqvex
kwK Pvj Quyo Ìqv nq| AZtci c`x nZvjyi wZxq
gvRhvwU `Lvbv nq, GUv eySvbvi Rb h, Zuvi AvbxZ Gjvnx
weavb gb Pjvi gaB iqQ AKvi _K Avjvi c_i w`kv|
hvZ iqQ gvbyli mvweK Rxeb kvw I KjvYi AvjvKewZKv|
gyRhv I Rv`y :
gyRhv A_ gvbyli eywK AgKvix| A_vr Ggb Kg msNwUZ nIqv
hv gvbyli vb I gZv ewnf~Z| (1) gyRhv Kej bexMYi Rb
LvQ Ges KvivgZ Avjvn Zvui bKKvi ev`vì gvag KLbv KLbv
cKvk Ki _vKb| hv wKqvgZ ch Rvwi _vKe| (2) gyRhv
bexMYi gvag mivmwi Avjvn&i c _K nq| cvi Rv`y Kej
Contents
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39
`y wRb I gvbyli gvagB nq _vK Ges Zv nq A`k cvKwZK

KviYi cfve| (3) Rv`y Kej cw_exZB wqvkxj nq, Avmgvb
bq| wK gyRhv Avjvn&i Kzg Avmgvb I hgxb me wqvkxj
_vK| hgb klbex (Qvt)-Gi Ayjx msKZ AvKvki P` wLwZ
nqwQj| (4) gyRhv gvbyli KjvYi Rb nq _vK| wK Rv`y md
fwevwR I cZviYv gv Ges hv gvbyli Kej wZB Ki _vK|
Rv`yZ gvbyli mvgwqK eyw weg NU| hv gvbylK cZvwiZ Ki|
GRb GK Bmjvg nvivg Kiv nqQ| wgmixq RvwZ Z_v divEbi
mc`vq H mgq Rv`y we`vq cvi`kx wQj Ges RvwZlxì cfve wQj
Zvì mvgvwRK I ivRbwZK Rxeb AZwaK| mKviY Zvì
wPivPwiZ aviYv Abyhvqx g~mv (Avt)-Gi gyRhvK Zviv eo aibi
GKUv Rv`y fewQj gv| Ze Zviv ZuvK mvaviY Rv`yKi bq, eis
we Rv`yKi ($,%1". 1.) ej ^xKwZ w`qwQj (Avivd 7/109)| KviY
Zvì wnmve Abyhvqx g~mvi Rv`y wQj m~Y wfb cKwZi, hv Zvì
Avqvaxb Rv`y we`vi evBii Ges hv wQj Abycg I Abb ewk
gwZ|
cieZxKvj myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi mgq BivKi evej bMix ZrKvjxb
cw_exZ Rv`y we`vq kxlvb jvf Ki| ZLb Avjvn myjvqgvb (Avt)K wRb, Bbmvb, evqy I ccxi Dci gZv w`q cvVvb| GwjK
jvKiv Rv`y fve Ges Zvi beyAZK A^xKvi Ki| ZLb Avjvn
nviZ I gviZ dikZvqK Rv`y I gyRhvi cv_K eySvbvi Rb
ciY Kib| hvZ jvKiv Rv`yKiì Zve`vix Qo bexi Zve`vi nq|
g~mvi `vIqvZi ci divEbx Aevb :
g~mvi gvRhv `L divEb I Zvi cvwilèM `viYfve fxZ nq
cowQj| ZvB g~mvi wei Zvi myL Avi Uuy kwU ch Kiwb| wK
ivRbwZK ^v_ weePbv Ki Zviv Zvì jvKì ejZ jvMj h,
jvKUv we Rv`yKi| m ZvgvìK `k _K ei Ki w`Z Pvq
(A_vr m wbR `ki kvmK nZ Pvq), GY G evcvi Zvgvì
gZ wK? jvKiv divEbK ejj, Avcwb ZvK I Zvi fvBK
Contents
40
40
AeKvk w`b Ges kni I bMix mg~ni me Lei cvwVq w`b jvKì
Rgv Kivi Rb| hvZ Zviv mKj we Rv`yKiì mgeZ Ki
(Avivd 7/109-112)|
divEb g~mv (Avt)-K ejj, n g~mv! Zzwg wK Zvgvi Rv`yi Rvi
AvgvìK `k _K ei Ki èvi Rb AvMgb KiQ? Zvnj
AvgivI Zvgvi gyKvwejvq Zvgvi wbKU Abyic Rv`y DcwZ Kie|
AZGe Avgvì I Zvgvi ga Kvb GKwU Dby cvi GKUv
Iqv`vi w`b avh Ki, hvi Ljvd AvgivI Kie bv, ZzwgI Kie bv|
g~mv ejjb, Zvgvì Iqv`vi w`b ne Zvgvì Drmei w`b Ges
mw`b c~evB jvKRb mgeZ ne (Zvqvnv 20/57-59)|
divEbi Revei mvi-msc :
1. A`k cvjbKZv Avjvn&K A^xKvi Ki `kgvb cvjbKZv wnmve
wbRKB mevP cvjbKZv ej `vex Kiv (bvhAvZ 79/24)|
2. kke jvjb-cvjbi `vnvB co ZvK cvjbKZv ej ^xKvi bv
Kivq Dv g~mvKB Kvwdi ev KZN ej AvLvwqZ Kiv (kvAviv
26/19)|
3. c~e cyili Kvi KvQ Ggb K_v bv kvbvi evnvbv ck Kiv
28/36)|
(KvQvQ
4. Avjvn&i KvQ wdi hvIqvi K_v A^xKvi Kiv (KvQvQ 28/38)|

5. ciKvjK A^xKvi Kiv (KvQvQ 28/37)|
6. g~mvK KvivMvi wbc Kivi I nZvi gwK c`vb Kiv
26/29; gywgb/Mvwdi 40/26)|
(kvAviv
7. beyAZi gyRhvK A^xKvi Kiv Ges GK Rv`y ej AwfwnZ Kiv

(KvQvQ 28/36)|
8. g~mvi wbt^v_ `vIqvZK ivRbwZK ^v_ cYvw`Z ej Acev`
Ìqv (Avivd 7/110; Zvqvnv 20/63)|
Contents
41
41
9. wbRi Kw_Z ag iv I wbRì iwPZ wewa-weavb mg~n ivi

`vnvB w`q g~mvi wei gvbylK wcq Zvjv (gywgb/Mvwdi 40/26;
Zvqvnv 20/63)|
10. g~mvK `k drbv mwKvix ej `vlvivc Kiv (gywgb/Mvwdi 40/26)|
eZt GB aibi Acev`mg~n hyM hyM cvq mKj bexK I Zuvì
Abymvix mgvR msviK MYK Ìqv nqQ Ges AvRI Ìqv nQ|
beyAZ cieZx 1g cixv : Rv`yKiì gyKvwejv
g~mv (Avt) I divEbi gvS Rv`y cwZhvwMZvi w`b avh nevi ci g~mv
(Avt) cqMî m~jf `qv cKvk bZvìK Dk Ki ejjb, ,$+[0"
,.
>({ )O) >e..-: 1. .d.i ,0a. ;d0Q.F1 ,$+[.-19,5%0 K1Q0T 1' 40". 5.-:(.u 0f
`yfvM Zvgvì! Zvgiv Avjvn&i cwZ wg_vivc Kiv bv| Zvnj
wZwb ZvgvìK Avhve viv asm Ki èb| hvivB wg_vivc Ki,
ZvivB wedj gbvi_ nq (Zvqvnv 20/61)| wK GZ Kvb djv`q nj
bv| divEb DV wMq Zvi mKj Kjv-Kkj Rgv Kij, AZtci
DcwZ nj (Zvqvnv 20/60)| AZtci Zviv Zvì KvR wbRì ga
weZK Kij Ges Mvcb civgk Kij| Zviv ejj, GB `yRb jvK
wbwZfveB Rv`yKi| Zviv Zvì Rv`y viv AvgvìK Avgvì `k
_K ewnvi KiZ Pvq Ges Avgvì DrK Rxebaviv iwnZ KiZ
Pvq| AZGe (n Rv`yKiMY!) Zvgiv Zvgvì hveZxq Kjv-Kkj
msnZ Ki| AZtci mvwiefve Gmv| AvR h Rqx ne, mB-B
mdjKvg ne (Zvqvnv 20/63-64)|
Rv`yKiiv divEbi wbKU mgeZ nq ejj, Rv`yKi ewwU wK w`q
KvR Ki? mevB ejj, mvc w`q| Zviv ejj, Avjvn&i Kmg! cw_exZ
Avgvì Dci Ggb KD bB, h jvwV I iwkK mvc evwbq KvR
KiZ cvi (nv`xQzj KzZb bvmvC, Beby Rvixi, Beby KvQxi)| AZGe Avgvì
Rb wK wekl Kvb cyivi AvQ, hw` Avgiv weRqx nB? m ejj,
nuv| ZLb AekB Zvgiv Avgvi wbKUeZx jvKì Afy nq hve
(Avivd 7/113-114)|
Contents
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42
Rv`yKiiv DrmvwnZ nq g~mvK ejj, n g~mv! nq Zzwg (Zvgvi Rv`yi

jvwV) wbc Ki, bv nq Avgiv c_g wbc Kwi (Zvqvnv 20/65)| g~mv
ejjb, ZvgivB wbc Ki| AZtci hLb Zviv Zvì iwk I jvwV
wbc Kij (kvAviv 26/44), ZLb jvKì PvLwjK auvwaq w`j
Ges Zvì fxZ-m Ki Zzjj I GK gnvRv`y c`kb Kij (Avivd
7/116)| Zvì Rv`yi cfve g~mvi gb nj hb Zvì iwkjv I
jvwVjv (mvci bvq) QzUvQzwU KiQ| ZvZ g~mvi gb wKQzUv fxwZi
mvi nj (Zvqvnv 20/66-67)| GgZvevq Avjvn Awn bvwhj Ki
g~mvK Afq w`q ejjb, A1 . 18:0J. >40",0D: .o,0J ./31@ ,L.t.u 0f .:"+a
>4.u0J +,%. 513 5P1":(

5 0f. ;1. 5,%0T *5F..x .U31@ *5F..x . ,L0=:".u ./1,%1U
.
>(r> )O) ZzwgB weRqx ne Zvgvi Wvb nvZ hv AvQ, Zv
(A_vr jvwV) wbc Ki| GUv Zvì mewKQzK hv Zviv KiQ, Mvm
Ki dje| Zvì Ime Zv Rv`yi Lj gv| eZt Rv`yKi hLvbB
_vKzK m mdj ne bv (Zvqvnv 20/68-69)|
Rv`yKiiv Zvì iwk I jvwV mg~n wbc Kivi mgq ejj, 1h3v1F1 ,*+0a.
>(YY SF) >06,*51. : 5,9.0 31@ 06,*.,1 divEbi ghv`vi kc_!
Avgiv AekB weRqx ne (kvAviv 26/44)| Zvici g~mv (Avt) Avjvn&i
bvg jvwV wbc Kijb| `Lv Mj Zv weivU ARMi mvci bvq ic
aviY Kij Ges Rv`yKiì mg AjxK KxwZjvK Mvm KiZ jvMj
(kvAviv 26/45)|
G`k `L hyMk Rv`yKiMY eyS wbj h, g~mvi G Rv`y Avmj Rv`y
bq| Kbbv Rv`yi mevP we`v Zvì KvQB iqQ| g~mv Zvì Pq
eo Rv`yKi nj GZw`b Zvi bvg kvbv hZ| Zvi Dvì Lei Rvbv
hZ| ZvQvov Zvi hebKvj Aewa m Avgvì KvQB wQj| KLbvB
ZvK Rv`y wkLZ ev Rv`y Ljv `LvZ ev Rv`yi cwZ Kvbic
AvKlYI Zvi ga KLbv `Lv hvqwb| Zvi cwieviI Kvb Rv`yKi
bB| Zvi eo fvB nviY Zv me`v Avgvì gvSB w`bvwZcvZ
KiQ| KLbvB ZvK Gme KiZ `Lv hvqwb ev Zvi gyL GLbKvi
gZ ee kvbv hvqwb| nVvr Ki KD wekmiv Rv`yKi nq hZ
Contents
43
43
cvi bv| wbqB Gi ga AjwKK Kvb mvi wb`kb iqQ, hv

Avq Kiv gvbyli gZvi evBi| G mgq g~mvi Ìqv ZvInxì
`vIqvZ I Avjvn&i Mhei fxwZ Zvì Ai cfve wevi Kij|
Avjvn ejb, :*50"0=. ./1.5I :*51"5 0 06*+".U,F
. :*50T . 0E0!.. k8.9: .p0a.*R
>({{r>{{ ) >.

11y.x AZtci mZ cwZwZ nj Ges
evwZj nq Mj Zvì mg Rv`yKg| Gfve Zviv mLvbB civwRZ
nj Ges jwZ nq wdi Mj (Avivd 7/118-119)| AZtci .A1=:+D0
SF) >065C.I. 4.*5 7d.C .w1U0.F: 7d.1 3.} *+0a .

11G. +h..93
>(Y>Y Zviv wmR`vq co Mj| Ges ej DVj, Avgiv
wekPivPii cvjbKZvi Dci wekvm vcb Kijvg, whwb g~mv I
nviYi ie (kvAviv 26/46-48; Zvqvnv 20/70; Avivd 7/120-121)|
civRqi G `k `L fxZ-wenj divEb wbRK mvgj wbq
DcwZ jvLv RbZvi gbvej Pvv ivLvi Rb Rv`yKiì Dk ej
DVjv, -(q{ )O) >.,97 5$+[.U?". z1Q? 5$+T510[0 5)31@ ,$+[0 060`} :60J 0E,0a 5)0 ,$5-.}
Avgvi AbygwZ `vbi c~eB Zvgiv ZvK gb wbj? wbqB m
(A_vr g~mv) Zvgvì cavb, h ZvgvìK Rv`y wkv w`qQ
(Zvqvnv 20/71; Avivd 7/123; kvAviv 26/49)| AZtci mgvU m~jf gwK
w`q ejj,
;01i ,7 $+[0"5G,C0J. ,$+[

.1
,0J 3.Fn!0a+D0 06*5U0",F.u .,*.0"0
>(Yr SF) >.w1F.U,G0J ,$+[3.n".x+D0. kxNB Zvgiv Zvgvì cwiYvg

dj RvbZ cvie| Avwg AekB Zvgvì nvZ I cv wecixZ w`K
_K KU dje Ges Zvgvì mevBK k~j Pove (kvAviv 26/49)|
Reve Rv`yKiiv ejj, .0 .1(,
3 60J 5p.U:!. 31@ >06*51"0=5 .7.C 401@ 31@ .,%.s 0f
>(b{>b| SF) >.w11,5U: 030J 3+T :60J ..

0!.i .k.C Kvb wZ bB|
Avgiv Avgvì cvjbKZvi KvQ cZveZb Kie(50)| Avkv Kwi
Contents
44
Avgvì cvjbKZv Avgvì wU-wePzwZ mg~n gv Kieb

26/49-51; Zvqvnv 20/71-73; Avivd 7/124-126)|
44
(kvAviv
DjL h, Rv`yKiì mv_ gyKvwejvi GB w`bwU (

v <*
) wQj 10B
gynviig Avk~ivi w`b (SC* <*
) (Beby KvQxi, nv`xQzj dzZb)| Ze Kvb
Kvb wevb ejQb, GwU wQj Zvì Cì w`b| KD ejQb,
evRvii w`b| KD ejQb, beeli w`b (Zvdmxi KziZzex, Zvqvnv 59)|
divEbi QqwU KzUPvj :
Rv`yKiì civRqi ci divEb Zvi ivRbwZK KzUPvji gvag
RbMYi `w Abw`K wdwiq w`Z PvBj| Zvi Pvjwj wQj, (1) m
ejj: GB Rv`yKiiv mevB g~mvi wkl| Zviv Pv KiB Zvi KvQ
bwZ ^xKvi KiQ| GUv GKUv cvZvbv Ljv gv| Avmj g~mvB nj
eo Rv`yKi (Zvqvnv 20/71)| (2) m ejj, g~mv Zvi Rv`yi gvag
bMixi AwaevmxìK mLvb _K ei Ki w`Z Pvq (Avivd 7/110)
Ges g~mv I Zvi mc`vq G`k AvwacZ wevi KiZ Pvq| (3) m
ejj g~mv hme K_v ejQ Avgiv Avgvì c~ecyilì ga mme
K_v KLbv wbwb (KvQvQ 28/36)| (4) m ejj, n RbMY! G jvKwU
Zvgvì ag cwieZb Ki è I `kgq wechq mw Kie
(gywgb/Mvdi 40/26)| (5) m ejj, g~mv Zvgvì DrK (ivRbwZK,
A_bwZK I mvgvwRK) Rxeb eev iwnZ KiZ Pvq (Zvqvnv 20/63)|
(6) m wgmixq RbMYK wewfb `j wef Ki w`qwQj (KvQvQ 28/4)
Ges GKwUi viv AciwUK `yej Kivi gvag wbRi kvmb I kvlY
AevnZ iLwQj| AvRKi e`jxq MYZ ev `jZ dj Avmv
divEbx Zi AvaywbK ic ejB gb nq| wbRB mewKQz KijI
jvKì Lykx Kivi Rb divEb ejj, 0655:D.u 0`.U0 AZGe n
RbMY! Zvgiv GLb wK ejZ PvI? (kvAviv 26/35; Avivd 7/110)|
GhyMi bZviv hgb wbRì mKj AcKg RbMYi `vnvB w`q Ki
_vKb|
Contents
45
45
divEbx KzUbxwZi weRq I RbMYi mg_b jvf :

AwaKvski ivq h memgq mwVK nq bv eis Zv Avjvn&i c_ nZ
gvbylK wev Ki, Zvi eo cgvY nj divEbx KzUbxwZi weRq I
g~mvi AvcvZ civRq| divEbi fvlY DwRZ RbMYi c
bZviv m m ej DVjv, n mgvU! A1 :51:(5%1 5).,*0a. 4.*5 5C0Q.u0J
>({~q ) >./.-.H1}. .].C0Q

.. 1B,CR Avcwb wK g~mv I Zvi
mc`vqK GgwbB Qo èb `kgq dvmv` mw Kivi Rb Ges
AvcbvK I Avcbvi DcvmìK evwZj Ki èvi Rb (Avivd 7/127)|
Rv`yKiì mZ MnY :
a~Z I KzUeyw divEb eySjv h, Zvi Jla KvR jMQ| GLywb
gvg mgq| m mv_ mv_ Rv`yKiì nvZ-cv wecixZfve KU
AZtci LRyi MvQi mv_ k~j Pwoq nZv Kivi Av`k w`j| m
fewQj, GZ Rv`yKiiv fxZ nq Zvi KvQ cvYwfv PvBe| wK
dj Dv nj| Zviv GKevK _nxb K ej w`j,
.U31@ ;B0a .o0J . 1:a0 ..0!0 z1Q?. 1j.7%.: .1 .S.G . 40". .].1,k 0
.1 1),%0". ..-,I.:T0J .. ..
0!.i .0 .1(, .%1 .7.1 3.} 31@ >.%,k 0h.%.9: 1l1Q.I A1M:=.u
>(qX>q~ )O) >40=,0J. ,%.i '. 1,97
Avgiv ZvgvK Hme my wb`kb (I gyRhvi) Dci cvavb w`Z
cvwi bv, hjv (g~mvi gvag) Avgvì KvQ cuQQ Ges cavb
w`Z cvwi bv ZvgvK mB mvi Dci whwb AvgvìK mw KiQb|
AZGe Zzwg hv BQv ZvB KiZ cvi| Zzwg Zv Kej GB cvw_e
RxebB hv Kivi Kie(72)| Avgiv Avgvì cvjbKZvi Dci
wekvm vcb KiwQ, hvZ wZwb Avgvì cvcmg~n Ges Zzwg AvgvìK
h Rv`y KiZ eva KiQ, (Zvi cvcmg~n) Zv gvRbv Kib| Avjvn
mek I wPivqx (Zvqvnv 20/72-73)|
Zviv AviI ejj,
Contents
46
46
.,uS.G 3U0 .7.C 1j.

1 3.} :60J ?f1@ 31 5$1=.u .. >06*51"0=5 .7.C 401@ 31@ ,*+0a
>({~>{~b ) >>R.w1U1",5 .?.*.u3 K,.x .,%0". :1:0J .3.C
Avgiv (Zv gZzi ci) Avgvì ciIqviw`Mvii wbKU wdi hve|
eZt Avgvì mv_ Zvgvi kZv Zv Kej GKviYB h, Avgiv
Cgvb GbwQ Avgvì cvjbKZvi wb`kb mg~ni cwZ, hLb Zv
Avgvì wbKU cuQQ| AZGe .w1U1",5 .?.*.u3 ,.x .,%0". :1:0J .3.C
n Avgvì cfy! Avgvì Rb ahi `yqvi Lyj `vI Ges AvgvìK
gymwjg wnmve gZz `vb Ki (Avivd 7/125-126)|
GUv aviYv Kiv AhwK ne bv h, BwZc~e divEbi ìevi g~mvi
jvwVi gyRhv c`kbi NUbv _KB Rv`yKiì gb cZxwZ RbwQj
h, GUv Kvb Rv`y bq, GUv gyRhv| wK divEb I Zvi cvwilèMi
fq Zviv gyL Lyjwb| Aekl ZvìK mgeZ Kivi ci ZvìK
mgvUi bKUkxj Kivi I weivU cyivii jvf `Lvbv nq| Gjv
wbtm`n ivRbwZK I Avw_K cjvfbi Pvc wfb wKQzB wQj bv|
Rv`yKiì gymjgvb nq hvevi AbZg KviY wQj gyKvwejvi c~e
divEb I Zvi Rv`yKiì Dk g~mvi c` Dc`kg~jK fvlY|
hLvb wZwb ejwQjb,
>({ )O) >..-: 1. .d.i ,0a. ;d0Q.F1 ,$+[.-19,5%0 K1Q0T 1' 40". 5.-:(.u 0 ,$+[0"
,.
`yfvM Zvgvì! Zvgiv Avjvn&i cwZ wg_vivc Kiv bv| Zvnj
wZwb ZvgvìK Avhve viv asm Ki èb| eZt ZvivB wedj
gbvi_ nq, hviv wg_vivc Ki (Zvqvnv 20/61)|
g~mvi gyL GK_v b divEb I Zvi mfvmìv AnsKvi xZ njI
Rv`yKi I mvaviY RbMYi ga `viY cwZwqv nq| dj Rv`yKiì
ga Mwcs nq hvq Ges Zviv Avcvl weZK wj nq| hwÌ Mvcb
AvjvPbvi wfwZ meZt ivRKxq mvb I weivU AsKi cyivii
jvf cwikl Zviv GKgZ nq|
Contents
47
47
Rv`yiKì cwiYwZ :
Rv`yKiì gZz` KvhKi Kiv nqwQj wK-bv, m welq KziAvb
fve wKQz ejv bv njI Zvqvnv 72 nZ 76 ch ewYZ AvqvZ
mg~ni evKfwZ eySv hvq h, Zv ZrYvr KvhKi nqwQj| Kbbv
wbziZvi cZxK divEbi `wcZ NvlYvi Reve `pwP Cgvb`vi
Rv`yKiì gyL w`q h K_vjv ei nqwQj, Zv mKj fq I wavmsKvPi Ea DV Kejgv gZzc_hvx ewi gyLB kvfv cvq|
mKviY nhiZ Avyjvn Beby Avevm, Devq` Beby Dgvqi I Abvb
wevbMY ejb, RS..H5 ,*.,0J. Kh..9. ,*59.,x0J hviv mKvj Rv`yKi wQj,
Zviv mvq knx` nq gZzeiY Kij|25 g~jZt GUvB nj cKZ
gvidvZ, hv hKvb fq-fxwZi gyKvwejvq gywgbK `p wngvwì bvq
AwePj ivL Avjvn&i mwi A^lvq| myenv-bvjv-wn Iqv envgw`nx|
RbMYi cwZwqv :
Avjvn ejb,
,$5H.1-:(
3 60J ,$1H10".. 06,*.,1 ,7 ;,*.i 40". 1)1,*0a ,7 _
37C+` ?f1@ 4.*5U1 ..} .U0
>(X *
)>.w11,5U: .1U0 5)31@. 1B,CR A1 ;.F0 06,*.,1 ?61@.
divEb I Zvi cvwilèMi wbhvZbi fq Zvi mc`vqi wKQz jvK
eZxZ KD Zvi cwZ Cgvb Avbwb| Avi divEb Zvi `k wQj
civv Ges m wQj mxgvjsNbKvixì Afy (BDbym 10/83)| GZ
eySv hvq h, wKeZxì ga Mvcb Cgvb AvbqbKvixi msLv ekx
_vKjI cKvk Cgvb AvbqbKvixi msLv wbZvB Kg wQj|
DjL h, A AvqvZ Zvi KIgi wKQz jvK eZxZ ,7 ?
37C+` ?f1@)
(1)1,*a ejZ Beby Avevm (ivt) divEbi KIgi wKQz jvK
ejQb| wK Beby Rvixi I AbK wevb g~mvi wbR KIg eby
BmvCji wKQz jvK ejQb| Gi Reve nvdh Beby KvQxi ejb,
25. Zvdmxi Beb KvQxi, Zvqvnv 70; Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 1/242|
Contents
48
48
GUv cwm K_v h, eby BmvCji mKjB g~mvK bex wnmve wekvm
KiZ GKgv KviY eZxZ| Kbbv m wQj we`vnx Ges divEbi
mv_x| Avi g~mvi KviYB eby BmvCjMY g~mvi Rbi AvM I ci
mgvbfve wbhvwZZ wQj (Avivd 7/129)| AZGe A AvqvZ h gywgq
jvKi Cgvb Avbvi K_v ejv nqQ, Zviv wbwZfveB wQjb wKeZx
mc`vqi| Avi Zviv wQjb, divEbi x Avwmqv, divEbi
PvPvZv fvB RbK gywgb ew whwb Zvi Cgvb Mvcb iLwQjb Ges
divEbi LvRvw I Zvi x| hK_v Beby Avevm (ivt) ejQb|26
divEbi xi cwZwqv :
Rv`yKiì m gyKvwejv Z_v mZ I wg_vi GB cwZwZvi mgq
divEbi bKKvi x I g~mvi cvjK gvZv ("
)J) Avwmqv D
gyKvwejvi f djvdji Rb m`v D`Mxe wQjb| hLb ZuvK g~mv I
nviYi weRqi msev` kvbvbv nj, ZLb wZwb Kvjwej^ bv Ki ej
IVb, 06,5C.I . 4.,*5 7d.1 5o,.} Avwg g~mv I nviYi cvjbKZvi
Dci Cgvb Avbjvg| wbR xi Cgvbi G Lei b ivM AwMkgv nq
divEb ZvK ggvwKfve wbhvZbi gvag nZv Ki|27 gZzi c~e
wewe Avwmqv KvZi K ^xq cfyi wbKU cv_bv Kib| hgb Avjvn
ejb,
A1 K-,%. .].1 A1 1, 7d.C ,o00a :`1@ 06,*.,1 0h0J.,1 *5.} .
1Q?"1 K0. ' .d..s.
>.w1U1? 1<,*0=: .1 A17.. 1)1".U.. 06,*.,1 ,1 A17.. 13.:
Avjvn Cgvb`viMYi Rb `v eYbv Kib divEbi xi, hLb m
ejwQj, n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Zvgvi wbKU RvbvZ Avgvi Rb
GKwU Mn wbgvY Ki! AvgvK divEb I Zvi cvwilèMi nvZ _K
Dvi Ki Ges AvgvK hvjg mc`vqi Kej _K gyw `vI (Zvnixg
66/11)|
26. Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi, BDbym 10/83|
27. KziZzex, Zvqvnv 20/72-76; Zvnixg 66/11|
Contents
49
49
KziAvb ewYZ PviRb bvixi `v :

cwe KziAvbi m~iv Zvnixgi 10-12 AvqvZ Avjvn cvK PviRb
bvixi `v eYbv Ki Zv _K mKjK Dc`k nvwQj KiZ
ejQb| c_g `yRb `ybexi cZx| GKRb b~n (Avt)-Gi x, AbRb
j~Z (Avt)-Gi x| G `yRb bvix ZvInx` welq Avcb Avcb ^vgxi
Z_v ^ ^ bexi `vIqvZ wekvm Avbqb Kibwb| eis evc-`v`vi
Avgji wkiKx AvKx`v I ixwZ-bxwZi Dci wekvmx wQjb| dj Zviv
Rvnvbvgi Awaevmx nqQb| cqMîMYi mv_ eevwnK mvnPh
ZvìK Avjvn&i Avhve _K iv KiZ cviwb|
evKx `yRb bvixi GKRb wekmiv bvwK I `vwK mgvU divEbi
cyYkxjv x Avwmqv webZ gyhvwng| wZwb g~mv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZ
mvov w`q ^xq Cgvb NvlYv Kib| divEbi NvwlZ gZz` wZwb
nvwmgyL eiY Ki bb| Kvb Kvb iIqvqvZ Abymvi Avjvn cvK
`ywbqvZB ZuvK RvbvZi Mn c`kb KiQb|28 PZz_ Rb njb
nhiZ Cmv (Avt)-Gi gvZv gvwiqvg webZ Bgivb| ^xq Cgvb I
mrKgi e`jZ wZwb Avjvn&i wbKU gnvb ghv`vi AwaKvwiYx nb| G
_K eySvbv nqQ h, cyil nK ev bvix nK cZK ^ ^ Cgvb I
Avgji KviY RvbvZi AwaKvix ne, Ab Kvb KviY bq|
g~mv (Avt)-Gi Dci Cgvb AvbqbKvwibx AvwmqvK klbex (Qvt) RMr
k PviRb gwnjvi ga kvwgj KiQb| D PviRb njb
divDbi x Avwmqv webZ gyhvwng, gvwiqvg webZ Bgivb, Lv`xRv
webZ LyIqvBwj` I dvwZgv webZ gynvv`|29
beyAZ-cieZx 2q cixv : eby BmvCjì Dci AvcwZZ divEbx
hyjyg mg~n :
Rv`yi cixvq civwRZ divEbi hveZxq Avvk wMq coj Gevi
wbixn eby BmvCjMYi Dci| Rv`yKiì Cgvb Avbqb, AZtci Zvì
gZz` c`vb, wewe Avwmqvi Cgvb Avbqb I ZuvK gZz` c`vb BZvw`
28. Avey Bqvjv, ZvevivYx, nvKg, wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3508; Avjevbx ejb, nv`xQwU
Avey ivqiv (ivt) _K gIKd Qnxn, hv gid Kgxi chvqfy|
29. wZiwghx Avbvm (ivt) nZ, wgkKvZ nv/6181 gvbvwKe Aavq 11 AbyQ`; Avngv`,
Beby Avevm (ivt) nZ nv/2668, mb` Qnxn|
Contents
50
50
wbzi `gb bxwZi gvag Ges AZ bvsiv KzUPvj I wg_v Acev`

mg~ni gvag g~mvi Cgvbx Av`vjbK Ki Ìqvi Pv
KiwQj divEb| wK Gi dj RbMYi ga g~mvi `vIqvZ `Z
Qwoq cowQj| ZvZ divEb I Zvi AnsKvix cvwilèM bZzbfve
`gb bxwZi Kkjc cYqb Kij| Zviv wbRiv weagx njI mvaviY
RbMYK wev Kivi Rb agK nvwZqvi wnmve eenvi Kij|
Abw`K wef Ki I kvmb Ki-GB KzUbxwZi AbymiY divEbi
wKeZx mc`vqK ev` w`q Kej eby BmvCjì Dci P~ov hyjyg I
wbhvZbi cwiKbv Kij|
1g hyjygt eby BmvCji beRvZK cymvbì nZvi wb`k Rvwi :
divEbx mc`vqi bZviv BwZc~e divEbK ejwQj, 4.*5 5C0Q.u0J
./.-.H1}. .].C0Q
.. 1B,CR A1 :51:(5%1 5).,*0a. Avcwb wK g~mv I Zvi
mc`vqK Ggwb Qo wèb `kgq dvmv` mw Kivi Rb Ges
AvcbvK I Avcbvi DcvmìK evwZj Ki èvi Rb? (Avivd
7/127)| bZviv g~mv I nviYi Cgvbx `vIqvZK dvmv` ej AwfwnZ
KiwQj| GY `kgq g~mvi `vIqvZi evcK cmvi e Kivi Rb
Ges divEbi wbR mc`vqi mvaviY jvKì evcKnvi g~mvi
xbi cwZ AvK nIqvi mvZ e Kivi Rb wbRì jvKì wKQz
bv ej wbixn eby BmvCjì Dci AZvPvi i Kivi wmv NvlYv
Ki divEb ejj, ,$5H0a,*0 31@. ,$5IRS.1 A1%,9.-,.. ,$5IRS.,0J +E7-0=5.
>({~q ) >0651I0a Avwg GLywb UzKiv UzKiv Ki nZv Kie

Iì cy mvbìK Ges euvwPq ivLe Iì Kbv mvbìK| Avi
Avgiv Zv Iì Dci (mew`K w`qB) cej (Avivd 7/127)| Gfve
g~mvi RbKvj eby BmvCji mKj beRvZK cy nZv Kivi mB dj
Avmv jvgnlK wbhvZbi cybivewi NvlYv c`vb Kiv nj|
`j wVK ivLvi Rb Ges mc`vqi bZvì ivlvwM ckgbi Rb
divEb Abyic NvlYv w`jI g~mv I nviY mK Zvi gyL w`q Kvb
K_v ei nqwb| hwÌ BwZc~e m g~mvK Kvivi Kivi GgbwK nZv
Contents
51
51
Kivi gwK w`qwQj (kvAviv 26/29; gywgb 40/26)| wK Rv`yKiì

civRqi ci Ges wbR g~mvi mcicx jvwVi gyRhv `L fxZ wenj
nq covi ci _K g~mvi w`K ZvKvbvi gZ mvnmI Zvi wQj bv|
hvB nvK divEbi D wbzi NvlYv Rvwi nIqvi ci eby BmvCjMY
g~mvi wbKU Gm AbyhvMi myi ejj, 1,F. ,1. .%1u:D.u 60J 1E,0a ,1 .
1`,+J
..-:1G . Zvgvi AvMgbi c~eI AvgvìK wbhvZb Kiv nqQ|

Avevi GLb Zvgvi AvMgbi ciI ZvB Kiv nQ (Avivd 7/129)|
A_vr Zvgvi AvMgbi c~e Zv G Avkvq Avgvì w`b KvUZ h,
mZi Avgvì Dvii Rb GKRb bexi AvMgb NUe| A_P GLb
Zvgvi AvMgbi ciI mB GKB wbhvZbi cybivew nQ| Zvnj
GLb Avgvì Dcvq wK?
Avmb wecì AvksKvq fxZ-m KIgi jvKì mvbv w`q g~mv
(Avt) ejjb, .+,.%0 1B,CR A1 ,$+[0(1",t.-,
.. ,$+T35. ./1",H
k 60J ,$+[k.C 4..
06*+".U,F.u .L,%0T Zvgvì cvjbKZv kxNB Zvgvì kì asm Ki

èb Ges ZvgvìK `k cwZwbwaZ `vb Kieb| Zvici
`Leb, Zvgiv Kgb KvR Ki (Avivd 7/129)| wZwb ejjb, *5%1F.-,
.w1=3-5U:"1 +.1a.F:. 1l1.1 ,1 S.

3 ,. .H+1C,*
5 1'1 .B,CR ?61@ ,51,x. 1'1
Zvgiv mvnvh cv_bv Ki Avjvn&i wbKU Ges ah aviY Ki| wbqB
G cw_ex Avjvn&i| wZwb ^xq ev`vì ga hvK BQv Gi DivwaKvix
evwbq `b| eZt P~ov cwiYvg dj Avjvnfxiì RbB wbavwiZ
(Avivd 7/128)|
g~mv (Avt) ZvìK AviI ejb,
1 40". :*+0=0 >.w1U1",k $5-+T :61@ ,*+"?T.*.u 1),%0".F0 1'1 ,$5-.} ,$5-+T :61@ 1<,*0a .
'
1<,*0=: .1 ./1-.U,.1 .7.. >.w1U1? 1<,*0=:"n K.,-1 .:".F,.u 0f .3.C .:"?T.*.u
>(>Y *
) >.
110[:
Contents
52
52
n Avgvi mc`vq! Zvgiv hw` Avjvn&i Dci Cgvb Gb _vK, Ze

ZuviB Dci fimv Ki hw` Zvgiv AvbyMZkxj nq _vK| Reve Zviv
ejj, Avgiv Avjvn&i Dci fimv KiwQ| n Avgvì cvjbKZv!
Avgvì Dci G hvjg KIgi kw cixv Kiv bv| Avi
AvgvìK AbyMn Ki Kvdi mc`vqi Kej _K gyw `vI (BDbym
10/84-86)|
Dciv AvqvZ mg~n eySv hvq h, cqMî m~jf ì` I `~i`wkZvi
AvjvK g~mv (Avt) ^xq fxZ-m KIgK g~jZt `ywU welq Dc`k
`b| GK- ki gvKvejvq Avjvn&i mvnvh cv_bv Kiv Ges `yBAvjvn&i mvnvh bv Avmv ch mvnmi mv_ ah aviY Kiv| mv_ mv_
GK_vI iY Kwiq `b h, mgM cw_exi gvwjKvbv Avjvn&i| wZwb
hvK Lykx Gi DivwaKvix wbqvM Kib Ges wbtm`n kldj
gyvKxì RbB wbavwiZ|
2q hyjygt Bev`ZMn mg~n asm Kiv :
cy wk nZvKvi evcK hyjygi mv_ mv_ divEb eby BmvCjì
Bev`ZMn mg~n asm Kivi wb`k `q| eby BmvCjì agxq weavb
wQj GB h, Zvì mevBK evaZvg~jKfve Dcvmbvjq wMq Dcvmbv
KiZ nZ| GY mwj f uwoq Ìqvq eby BmvCjMY
w`knviv nq co| G mgq g~mv I nviYi cwZ Avjvn cvK wbgv
wb`k cvVvb-
K0",1a ,$+[.u*5%5 ,*+".F,G. Ku*5%5 .,W1U1 .U+[1,*0=1 RS3*..u :60J 1)%1i0J. 4.*5 401@ .,%.,0J.
>(q *
)>.w11,5U: 17.. 0h03W *5U%1a0J.
Avi Avgiv wb`k cvVvjvg g~mv I Zvi fvBqi cwZ h, Zvgiv
Zvgvì mc`vqi Rb wgmii gvwUZ evmvb wbaviY Ki Ges
Zvgvì NiwjK wKejvgyLx Ki Zix Ki I mLvb QvjvZ Kvqg
Ki Ges gywgbì mymsev` `vI|(BDbym 10/87)|
ejv evj h, Dciv weavb bvwhji dj eby BmvCjMY ^ ^ NiB
QvjvZ Av`vqi myhvM jvf Ki| Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb, Avjvn
ZvìK h wKejvi w`K wdi QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ wb`k `b, mUv
wQj Kvev kixd (KziZzex, ij gvAvbx)| eis Kvb Kvb wevb ejQb
Contents
53
53
h, weMZ mKj bexi wKejv wQj Kvev Mn| jYxq h, g~mvi AZzjbxq
beyAZx gvRhv _vKv mI Ges ZvìK mvnvh Kivi evcvi
Avjvn&i Iqv`v _vKv mI divEbx hyjygi wei Avjvn g~mvK
hy NvlYvi wb`k `bwb| eis hyjyg ei`vkZ Kivi I ah aviYi
wb`k `b| Bev`ZMn mg~n f w`qQ ej Zv ivi Rb Rxeb
w`Z ejv nqwb| (UxKv: AZGe Dcvmbvjq asm Kiv divEbx KvR)| eis ^ ^
MnK KejvgyLx evwbq mLvbB QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ ejv nqQ| Gi
viv GKUv g~jbxwZ ewiq Avm h, civv hvjgi wei `yej
ghj~gi KZe nj ah aviY Kiv I Avjvn&i DciB mewKQz mvc`
Kiv|
divEbi wei g~mvi e` `vAv :
.3.C .%,k 1h.%.9: A1 Kf.*,0J. K.

1g 5lR.. 06,*.,1 .o,%.u} ./31@ .3.C 4.*5 00a.
,*51,
5 00 ,$1H1*+"+a 40". ,5,. ,$1H1.*,0J 40". ,1U:O .3.C ./1"%1. ,. ,*"1M5%1
0E%1. n6.F13-.u 0f. .U%1=.-,0 .U+[5u.*,3 ,o.%1G+J ,0a 00a >.$%1R .d0Q.F: 5.
. 43-.
>(r> *
) >06*5U0",F
. 0f .
1Q?
g~mv ejj, n Avgvì cvjbKZv! Zzwg divEbK I Zvi m`viìK
cvw_e Avoî mg~n I mìvwR `vb KiQ, hv w`q Zviv jvKìK
Zvgvi ivv _K wec_Mvgx Ki| AZGe n Avgvì cfy! Zzwg
Zvì mìvwR asm Ki `vI I Zvì AiwjK k Ki `vI,
hvZ Zviv AZY ch Cgvb bv Avb, hZY bv Zviv ggvwK Avhve
cZ Ki(88)| Reve Avjvn ejjb, Zvgvì `vAv Keyj
nqQ| AZGe Zvgiv `yRb AUj _vK Ges AekB Zvgiv Zvì
c_ Pjv bv, hviv Rvb bv (BDbym 10/88-89)|
g~mv I nviYi Dciv `vAv Avjvn Keyj Kijb| wK Zvi
evevqb m m Kijb bv| eis mgq wbjb Ab~b wek eQi| Gic
cjw^Z KgcwZi gvag Avjvn gvhj~gi ah cixvi mv_ mv_
hvjgiI cixv wbq _vKb Ges Zvì ZIev Kivi I n`vqvZ
cvwi myhvM `b| hvZ ci Zvì Rb Ihi ck Kivi Kvb myhvM
bv _vK| hgb Avjvn ejb, .*+",.%n 1[0. ,$5H,1 ..W.-0f ' S.
. ,*0.
Contents
54
54
;,F.1 $+[.M,F. Avjvn BQv Kij Zvì KvQ _K cwZkva wbZ

cviZb| wK wZwb Zvgvì KZKK KZKi viv cixv KiZ Pvb
(gynvv` 47/4)|
ck nZ cvi, GZ hyjyg mI Avjvn Zvì wnRiZ Kivi wb`k bv
w`q mLvbB cybivq Ni evwbq emevmi wb`k w`jb Kb? Gi
Reve `yfve Ìqv hZ cvi|
GK- divEb ZvìK wnRiZ evav w`Z| KviY eby BmvCjMYK
Zviv Zvì RvZxq Dbqbi mnhvMx wnmve Ges KgPvix I mev`vm
wnmve eenvi KiZ| ZvQvov cvwjq AvmviI Kvb c_ wQj bv| Kbbv
bxjb` wQj eo evav| b`x cvi nIqvi Pv Kij divEbx mbviv
Zvì cvveb KiZ|
`yB- divEbx mc`vqi ga g~mv I nviYi `vIqvZ mcmviY Kiv|
g~jZt GwUB wQj Avjvn&i g~j Dk| Kbbv hZw`b Zviv wgmi
wQjb, mLvbKvi Awaevmxì wbKU xbi `vIqvZ ck KiQb Ges
Zvi dj e Avjvn&i ev`v c_i mvb cq ab nqQb| divEb
`LwQj Zvi `ywbqvex jvf I kvb-kIKZ| wK Avjvn PqwQjb
ZvInxì cPvi I cmvi I gvbyli n`vqvZ| mwUB nqQ|
divEbiv GLb wgmii wcivwgWi `kbxq eZ cwiYZ nqQ|
A_P wgmi mn ejv Pj cyiv AvwdKvq GLb Bmjvgi Rq-RqKvi
AevnZ iqQ| dvwjjv-wnj nvg&`|
divEbx AvPiY _K cv wkYxq welq mg~n :
(1) `yz kvmKMY Zvi c` Ab KvDK fveZ cvi bv| Avjvn ejb,
divEb cw_exZ DZ nq DVwQj (BDbym 10/83)| m `vex KiwQj,
AvwgB Zvgvì mevP cvjbKZv (bvhAvZ 79/24)| AZGe Avwg
eZxZ Zvgvì Ab Kvb Dcvm AvQ ej Avwg Rvwb bv (KvQvQ
28/38)| hnZz m ZrKvjxb cw_exi GK mfZvMex I mg ivi
GKQ mgvU wQj, mnZz Zvi G `vex wg_v wQj bv| Gi viv m
wbRK mwKZv `vex KiZ bv eU, wK wbR^ weavb cRvcvjbi
KviY wbRKB mevP cvjbKZv fewQj| Zvi AnsKvi Zvi PzK
Contents
55
55
bex g~mvi Anxi weavb gvb Kiv _K A Ki w`qwQj| hyM hyM

Avwef~Z ^QvPvix kvmKì Aev G _K gvUB c_K wQj bv|
AvRI bq| cZK wbRK k kvmK gb Ki Ges H c` KvDK
kixK fveZ cvi bv|
(2) Zviv Zvì weivaxìK ag weivax I mgvR weivax ej|
divEb ejwQj, Zvgiv AvgvK Qvo, g~mvK nZv KiZ `vI| m
WvKzK Zvi cvjbKZvK| Avwg AvksKv KiwQ h, m Zvgvì xb
Ges cPwjZ DrK ixwZbxwZ cwieZb KiZ Pvq Ges `k dvmv` mw
KiZ Pvq (gywgb 40/26, Zvqvnv 20/63)| mKj hyMi divEbiv Zvì
wei ev`xì D K_vB ej _vK|
(3) Zviv me`v wbRìK RbMYi gjKvgx ej| wbR mc`vqi
RbK Mvcb Cgvb`vi ew hLb g~mvK nZv bv Kivi evcvi
divEbK Dc`k w`j, ZLb Zvi Reve divEb ejj, Avwg
ZvgvìK Kej gji c_B `wLq _vwK (gywgb 40/29)| mKj
hyMi divEbivI GKB K_v ej Avjvn&i weavbK Gwoq Pj Ges
wbRì gbMov weavb cwZvq RbMYi bvg RbMYi Dci hyjygi
xg ivjvi Pvwjq _vK|
(4) Zvì Ìqv Rj-hyjyg I nZvi gwKi wecixZ Cgvb`viMY
me`v Avjvn&i Avkq cv_bv Kib I cwiYvg ghj~g weRqx nq I hvjg
chy` nq| hgb Kviv` I nZvi gwK I divEbx hyjygi Di
g~mvi ee wQj: ?f ;70[-.5 nE+T ,7 $+[7.C. A7.1 5j:Q5 A71@ 4.*5 00a.
1d.19: 1<,*.%1 51,

5 Avwg Avgvi I Zvgvì cvjbKZvi Avkq cv_bv
KiwQ mKj AnsKvix _K h wePvi wèm wekvm Ki bv (gywgb
40/27)| dj Avjvn ZvK Zvì Pvi Awb _K iv Kijb
Ges ci divEb MvK kvPbxq Avhve Mvm Kij (gywgb 40/45)|
GhyMI ghj~gi KvZi cv_bv Avjvn Keyj Ki _vKb I hvjgK
wewfbfve kvw w`q _vKb|
Contents
56
56
divEbx mc`vqi Dci AvcwZZ Mhe mg~n Ges g~mv (Avt)-Gi

gyRhv mg~n :
HwZnvwmK eYbv Abyhvqx divEbi Rv`yKiì mv_ kw cixvi
NUbvi ci g~mv (Avt) Ab~b wek eQi hveZ wgmi Aevb Ki
mLvbKvi AwaevmxìK Avjvn&i evYx kvbvb Ges mZ I mij c_i
w`K `vIqvZ w`Z _vKb| G mgqKvji ga Avjvn g~mv (Avt)-K
cavb 9wU gyRhv `vb Kib| Ze cM gnvgvix mn (Avivd 7/134)|
gvU wb`kbi msLv ùvovq 10wU| hvi ga c_g `ywU k gyRhv
wQj AjwKK jvwV I AvjvKgq nZvjy| hvi cixv iZB
divEbi ìevi Ges ci Rv`yKiì myL nq wMqwQj| Gici
evKxwj GmwQj divEbx KIgi n`vqvZi Dk ZvìK
mveavb Kivi Rb| g~jZt `ywbqvZ cwiZ mKj Gjvnx Mhei g~j
Dk _vK gvbyli n`vqvZ| hgb Avjvn ejb, .1 ,$5H30=
1Q50.
>(~{ h) >06*5F1G,

. $, 5H?".F0 1.:T0D: 1d0Q.F: 065 4.,0D: 1d0Q.F: Kvwdi
I dvwmKìK (Rvnvbvgi) KwVb kvwi c~e (`ywbqvZ) Avgiv
AekB jNy kvw Av^v`b Kive, hvZ Zviv (Avgvi w`K) wdi Avm
(mvR`vn 32/21)|
ghj~g eby BmvCjì KvZi cv_bv Ges g~mv I nviYi `vAv Avjvn
Keyj KiwQjb| mgZ mec_g AnsKvix divEbx KIgi `ywbqvex
Rjym I mìvwR asmi Mhe bg Avm| Zvici Avm Abvb
Mhe ev wb`kb mg~n| Avgiv mwj GK GK eYbv Kivi cqvm cve|
hvZ GhyMi gvbyl Zv _K Dc`k nvwQj Ki|
gvU wb`kb mg~n, hv wgmi c`wkZ nq(1) jvwV (2) c`x nZvjy (3) `ywf (4) Zdvb (5) ccvj (6)
DKzb (7) evO (8) i (9) cM (10) mvMiWywe| c_g `ywU Ges g~mvi
ewMZ ZvZjvwg `~i nIqvUv ev` w`q evKx 8wU wb`kb wbg ewYZ
nj-
Contents
57
57
1g wb`kb : `ywf
g~mv (Avt)-Gi `vAv Keyj nIqvi ci divEbx mc`vqi Dci c_g
wb`kb wnmve `ywfi Mhe bg Avm| hgb Avjvn ejb, ,0=0.
J) >06,5?T?Q
. ,$5H?".F0 j
1 ..U? .7 ;V:=.. .,%171 06,*.,1 0} .:Q.i0J
>({X| Zvici Avgiv cvKovI Kijvg divEbi AbymvixìK
`ywfi gvag Ges dj-dmji q-wZi gvag, hvZ Zviv
Dc`k nvwQj Ki (Avivd 7/130)|
wbixn eby BmvCjMYi Dci `yal divEbx hyjyg cwZiva GUv wQj
ghj~gì mg_b Avjvn cwiZ c_g uwkqvix msKZ| Gi dj
Zvì Zi dmj I evM-evwMPvi Drcv`b Pigfve nvm cqwQj|
Lv`vfve Zvì ga nvnvKvi co hvq| dj Kvb Dcvqvi bv `L
divEbx mc`vqi bZviv g~mv (Avt)-Gi KvQ Gm KvKzwZ-wgbwZ
KiZ _vK| `qv`wP g~mv (Avt) Aekl `vAv Kijb| dj `ywf
iwnZ nq Mj Ges Zvì evM-evwMPv I gvV-gq`vb cybivq djdmj fi DVjv| wK divEbx mc`vq GZ Avjvn&i Kwiqv
Av`vq bv Ki eis AnsKvi xZ nq Lv` g~mvKB `vqx Ki ZuvK
AjzY-Acqv ej Mvwj `q Ges DZfve ej IV h, ,*+0a.
>({X~ ) >.,%11,5U1 ./0 5,9. .U0 .H1 ...9,.-n ;

.} ,1 1)1 .1u:D.u .U,H.
Avgvì Dci Rv`y Kivi Rb Zzwg h wb`kbB wbq Avm bv Kb,
Avgiv Zvgvi Dci Kvb gZB Cgvb Avbe bv (Avivd 7/132)| Avjvn
ejb,
;j03W0(k ;j.

} .<3.
. 10(3M. 0E3U+=:. ...:. 060,*! 5$1H,%0". .:".,C0D0
>({XX ) >.,%11,k K,*0a ,*50T. ,5.:[.-,0
AZtci Avgiv Zvì Dci cvwVq w`jvg Zdvb, ccvj, DKzb,
evO, i cfwZ ewea wb`kb GKi ci GK| ZviciI Zviv
AnsKvi KiZ _vKj| eZt Zviv wQj cvcx mc`vq (Avivd 7/133)|
Contents
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58
A AvqvZ `ywfi ci cici cuvPwU Mhe bvwhji K_v ejv nqQ|

Zvici Avm cM gnvgvix I Abvb QvU-eo Avhve (Avivd 7/134)|
Gici mekl Mhe nj mvMiWywe (BDbym 10/90)| hvi gvag GB
MweZ AnsKvixì GKevi wbtkl Ki Ìqv nq| nhiZ Avyjvn
Beby Avevm (ivt)-Gi Zvdmxi Abyhvqx j03W0(5 j
.} ev GKi ci
GK AvMZ wb`kbmg~n A_ nj, Gjvi cZKwU AvhveB wbavwiZ
mgq ch _K iwnZ nq hvq Ges wKQz w`b weiwZi ci Abvb
Avhvewj Avm| divEb mc`vqi myweavev`x Pwi dzU IV
wbgv eYbvq| hgb Avjvn ejb,
, 10 .].1 .1H. .U1 ./3.C .0 5, 4.*5 .

:*+0a 5v,G7 5$1H,%0". .p0a. 3U0.
.:(.0T 3U0"0 >0E%1N.,1@ A1. ./.F. 30"1,50. ./0 3.1,50 .v,G7 3. .o:(.0T
( {Xb>{XY ) >06*++[.
,$5I 0`1@ 5l*5 1. $5I ;E.G0J 401@ .v,G7 5$5H,.
Avi hLb Zvì Dci Kvb Avhve cwZZ nZ, ZLb Zviv ejZ, n
g~mv! Zzwg Avgvì Rb Zvgvi cfyi wbKU `vAv Ki, hv (Keyji)
Iqv`v wZwb ZvgvK w`qQb| hw` Zzwg Avgvì Dci _K G Avhve
`~i Ki `vI, Zvnj AekB Avgiv Zvgvi Dci Cgvb Avbe Ges
Zvgvi mv_ eby BmvCjì AekB cvwVq è| AZtci hLb Avgiv
Zvì Dci _K Avhve DwVq wbZvg wbw` GKUv mgq, h ch
Zvì cuQvbv Dk nZ, ZLb Zviv cwZkwZ f KiZ (Avivd
7/134-35)| GB wbavwiZ mgqi gqv` KZ wQj, m welq wewfb ee
iqQ, hvi cvq meB aviYv cm~Z| AZGe Avgiv Zv _K weiZ
iBjvg|
G evcvi KziAvb GKwU gwjK ee GmQ Gfve h,
.. 4.,*5U1 ,53%?!

. _07%. ,$5H,1W5u :61@. 1l1Q.I .0 ,*+0a +...9: 5$5H,uS.G 0`120
>({X{ ) >06,*5U0",F
. 0f ,$5I.0:T0J 31[0. 1' .1 ,$5I51N0O .U31@ 0f0J 5).F3
hLb Zvì fw`b wdi AvmZ, ZLb Zviv ejZ h, GUvB Avgvì
Rb Dchy| cvi AKjvY DcwZ nj Zviv g~mv I Zvi mv_xì
AjzY ej AwfwnZ KiZ| Rb ivL h, Zvì AjzY Pwi
Contents
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59
Avjvn&i Bjg iqQ| wK Zvì AwaKvsk Zv Rvb bv (Avivd

7/131)| GZ eySv hvq h, GKUv Mhe kl nIqvi ci fw`b AvmZ
Ges wcQbi fqven `y`kvi K_v fyjZ I cybivq Me xZ nZ
wbqB ek `xN mgqi cqvRb nZ| Avgiv c~eB HwZnvwmK eYbvq
RbwQ h, Rv`yKiì mv_ cixvi ci g~mv (Avt) wek eQii gZ
wgmi wQjb| Zvici mvMi Wywei Mhe bvwhj nq| AZGe Rv`yKiì
mv_ gyKvwejvi ci nZ mvMi Wywe ch GB `xN mgqi ga `ywf
I cM mn AvqvZ ewYZ AvUwU Mhe bvwhj nqwQj ej cZxqgvb nq|
Beby Avevm (ivt)-Gi eYbvi DwZ w`q Bebyj gybwhi h ejQb h,
cwZwU Avhve kwbevi Gm cii kwbevi Pj hZ Ges cieZx Avhve
Avmv ch wZb mvni AeKvk Ìqv nZ K_vwU ZvB gb bIqv
gykwKj e-wK|
2q wb`kb : Zdvb
`ywfi ci g~mv (Avt)-Gi `vAvi eiKZ cybivq fiv gvV I fiv
dmj cq divEbx mc`vq wcQbi me K_v fyj hvq I Me xZ
nq g~mv (Avt)-Gi wei Acev` iUvZ _vK| Zviv mvaviY
jvKì Cgvb MnY evav w`Z _vK| Zviv Zvì cwZv f Ki
cybivq JZ cKvk KiZ _vK| dj Zvì Dci Mhe AvKvi
cveb I RjvQvm bg Avm| hv Zvì gvV-NvU, evMvb-dmj, Nievwo me fvwmq wbq hvq| GZ fxZ nq Zviv Avevi g~mv (Avt)-Gi
KvQ Gm KvbvKvwU i Ki `q| Avevi Zviv Cgvb Avbvi cwZv
Ki I Avjvn&i wbKU `vAv Kivi Rb g~mv (Avt)-K cxovcxwo
KiZ _vK| dj g~mv (Avt) `vAv Kib I Avjvn&i ingZ Zdvb
Pj hvq| cybivq Zviv Rwg-Rgv Avev` Ki I AwPiB Zv meyR-kvgj
nq IV| G `k `L Zviv Avevi AnsKvix nq IV Ges ejZ
_vK, Avmj Avgvì Rwgi Drcv`b gZv ew Kivi RbB cveb
GmwQj, Avi mKviYB Avgvì dmj Gevi meKvji iKW f
KiQ I evvi djb nqQ| Avmj Avgvì Kg `Zvi dj
wnmve GUvB Dchy| Gfve Zviv AnsKvi g nq Avevi i Kij
ebx BmvCjì Dci hyjyg-AZvPvi| dj bg Gj ZZxq Mhe|
Contents
60
60
3q wb`kb : ccvj
GKw`b nVvr nvhvi nvhvi ccvj KvK SuvK SuvK Gm
divEbxì me dmj Lq Qvd Ki Mj| Zviv Zvì evM-evwMPvi
dj-djvw` Lq mvevo Ki djj| GgbwK KvVi ìRv-Rvbvjv,
Avmeve-c ch Lq kl Kij| A_P cvkvcvwk eby BmvCjì
Nievwo, kmf~wg I evM-evwMPv meB myiwZ _vK|
GeviI divEbx mc`vq QzU Gm g~mv (Avt)-Gi KvQ KvZi K
wbe`b KiZ _vK, hvZ Mhe Pj hvq| Zviv Gevi cvKv Iqv`v Kij
h, Zviv Cgvb Avbe I eby BmvCjì gyw è| g~mv (Avt) `vAv
Kijb I Avhve Pj Mj| ci divEbxiv `Lj h, ccvj Lq
MjI GLbI hv Aewk AvQ, Zv w`q ek wKQzw`b Pj hve| dj
Zviv Avevi kqZvbx auvKvq co cwZv f Kij I c~ei bvq JZ
c`kb i Kij| dj bg Gj cieZx Mhe DKzb|
4_ wb`kb : DKzb
DKzb mvaviYZt gvbyli gv_vi Pzj Rb _vK| Ze GLvb evcK
A_ NyY cvKv I Kwo cvKvKI MY Kiv nqQ| hv divEbxì
mKj cKvi KvVi LuywU, ìRv-Rvbvjv, LvU-cvjsK I Avmeve-c
Ges Lv`-km jMwQj| ZvQvov `ni me me`v DKzbi Kvgo
Zviv AwZ nq DVjv| Gfve DKzb I NyYcvKvi AZvPvi w`knviv
nq GK mgq Zviv Kuv`Z Kuv`Z g~mv (Avt)-Gi ìevi Gm jywUq
co gv PvBZ jvMjv Ges cwZvi ci cwZv Ki ejZ jvMjv
h, Gevi Avhve wdi Mj Zviv AekB Cgvb Avbe, ZvZ we`ygv
Ab_v ne bv| g~mv (Avt) Zvì Rb `vAv Kijb Ges Avhve Pj
Mj| wK Zviv wKQz w`bi gaB cwZv f Kij Ges c~ei bvq
Aeva AvPiY i Kij| Avjvn&i c _K evievi AeKvk ÌqvK
Zviv Zvì fvjZi c `jxj wnmve gb KiZ jvMj Ges
n`vqvZ `~i _vK, Zvì AnsKvi g evoZ jvMj| g~jZt Gjv
wQj Zvì bZvbxq jvKì Aev| bBj mvaviY gvbyl g~mv I
nviYi `vIqvZ Ai Keyj Ki hvwQj Ges Zvì msLv gB ew
Contents
61
61
cvwQj| Avi GZB wQj g~mv (Avt)-Gi mvbv| Avjvn ejb, 0`1@.
.I.,3.0 +,*0=: .H,%0". 38.90 .H%1 ,*+=.0(0 .H%1.,-5 .,.0J K

.,0a ./1",Hk 60J .,.C0J
>({ S) >1,.u hLb Avgiv Kvb Rbc`K asm Kivi BQv
Kwi, ZLb mLvbKvi bZvbxq ewìK Dy Kwi| AZtci Zviv
cvcvPvi wj nq| dj D RbMvxi Dci Av`k AeavwiZ nq
hvq| AZtci Avgiv D Rbc`K mg~j wea Kwi (Bmiv 17/16)|
divEbxì Dci mB Aev Gm wMqwQj| Zvì bZviv ^vfvweK
eyw-weePbv nvwiq djwQj| Zviv Zvì jvKì eySvZ jvMjv
h, GmeB g~mvi Rv`yi Lj| Avmj Avjvn ej wKQzB bB| dj
bg Gj Gevi evO-Gi Mhe|
5g wb`kb : evO
evievi we`vn Kiv mI `qvjy Avjvn Zvì mveavb Kivi Rb I
Avjvn&i c_ wdwiq Avbvi Rb cybivq Mhe cvVvjb| Gevi Gj
evO| evO evO fi Mj Zvì Ni-evwo, nvwo-cvwZj, Rvgv-Kvco,
weQvbv-ci mewKQz| emZ evO, LZ evO, PjZ evO, Mvq-gv_vq
me evOi jvdvjvwd| Kvb RvqMvq emv gv kZ kZ evOi bxP
Zwjq hZ nZ| GB big RxewUi mim AZvPvi cvMjciv nq DVj
cyiv divEbx Rbc`| Aekl KvbvKvwU Ki I KvKzwZ-wgbwZ Ki
Zviv Gm gv cv_bv KiZ jvMjv g~mv (Avt)-Gi KvQ| Gevi
cvKvcvwK Iqv`v Kij h, Avhve Pj hvevi mv_ mv_ Zviv Cgvb
AvbeB| wK bv, h_v c~es Z_v cis| dj cybivq Mhe Aekvex nq
DVj| Gevi Gj i|
6 wb`kb : i
Zvì AnsKvi I JZ Pig DVj nVvr GKw`b `Lv Mj i|
Lv` I cvbcv i, K~qv I cyKzi i, Zwi-ZiKvwiZ i, KjwmevjwZZ i| GKB mv_ LZ em eby BmvCji _vjv-evwU
^vfvweK| wK divEbx wKeZxi _vjv-evwU i fiv| cvwb gyL bIqv
gv MvmfwZ i| AnsKvix bZviv eva nq eby BmvCjx ghj~gì
Contents
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evoxZ Gm Lv` I cvwb wfv PvBZ| wK hgwb Zvì nvZ Zv

cuQZ, Agwb mjv i cwiewZZ nq hZ| dj Zvì LvIqv`vIqv e nq Mj| bv Lq Zvì ga nvnvKvi co Mj| Aekl
c~ei bvq Avevi Gm KvbvKvwU| g~mv (Avt) `qv ciek Avjvn&i
wbKU cv_bv Kijb| dj Avhve Pj Mj| wK H bZvjv c~ei
gZB Zvì MvgivnxZ Abo iBj Ges Cgvb Avbjv bv| Gì GB
nVKvwiZv I KcU AvPiYi K_v Avjvn eYbv Kib Gfve, ,5.:[.-,0
>({XX )>.,%11,k ,*0a ,*50T. AZtci Zviv AvZwiZv

`LvZ jvMjv| eZt Giv wQj cvcvm RvwZ
bg Gj Gevi cM gnvgvix|
(Avivd 7/133)|
dj
7g wb`kb : cM
ii Avhve DwVq bevi ciI hLb Iiv Cgvb Avbjv bv, ZLb
Avjvn Iì Dci cM gnvgvix ciY Kib (Avivd 7/134)| AbK
GUvK em ivM ejQb| hvZ A w`bB Zvì mi nvhvi jvK
gviv hvq| A_P eby BmvCjiv fvj _vK| Gjvnx Mhei mv_ mv_
Gwj wQj g~mv (Avt)-Gi gyRhv Ges beyAZi wb`kb| wK Rvwnj I
AvZMex bZviv GK Rv`y ej ZvwQj KiZ|
cMi gnvgvixi dj evcK cvYnvwbZ fxZ nq Zviv Avevi Gm
g~mv (Avt)-Gi wbKU nvZ Rvo Ki gv PvBZ jvMj| g~mv (Avt)
AveviI Zvì Rb `vAv Kijb| dj Avhve Pj Mj| wK Zviv
c~ei bvq Aveviv Iqv`v f Kij| dj Zvì P~ov asm AeavwiZ
nq Mj| Avjvn ejb, >06,*51,
5 0f ./7.C 5o.U1"0T ,$1H,%0". ,o?=. .
,1Q? ?61@
>(rq>r *
) >.$,%1R .d0Q.F: 5.
. 43-. ;
.} E+T ,$5H,uS.G ,*0. wbqB
hvì Dci Zvgvi cfyi Av`k wbavwiZ nq MQ, Zviv KLbv
wekvm Avbqb Ki bv, hwÌ me iKgi wb`kbvejx Zvì wbKU
cQ hvq, GgbwK Zviv ggvwK Avhve cZ Ki (BDbym 10/96-97)|
Contents
63
63
8g wb`kb : mvMi Wywe

gvMZ cixv I AeKvk `vbi ciI hLb Kvb RvwZ mw^Z wdi cvq
bv| eis Dv Zvì AnsKvi evoZ evoZ Zz IV, ZLb Zvì
P~ov asm Awbevh nq IV| Avjvn cvK ejb,
?f K.
. 1,9.: A1 K=
10O ,$5H0 ,d1,s0 z1.1F1 1,0J :60J 4.*5 401@ .,%.,0J ,0=0.
>(qq )O) >4.,t.u 0f3 KT.C. 5.t.u
Avgiv g~mvi cwZ GB gg Anx Kijvg h, Avgvi ev`vì wbq
ivwhvM ei nq hvI Ges Zvì Rb mgy` c_ wbaviY Ki|
wcQb _K Gm Zvgvì ai djvi AvksKv Ki bv Ges (cvwbZ
Wye hvIqvi) fq Ki bv (Zvqvnv 20/77)|
Avjvn&i Kzg cq g~mv (Avt) ivwi m~Pbv jM eby BmvCjì wbq
iIqvbv njb| Zuviv mgyì w`K iIqvbv nq Mjb| G mgy` KvbUv
wQj G evcvi gydZx gynvv` kdx Zvdmxi ij gvAvbxi eivZ w`q
860 cvq wjLQb h, IUv wQj f~gamvMi|30 GKB Zvdmxi 479
cvq wjLQb jvwnZ mvMi| wK gvIjvbv gI`~`x LvZbvgv cvvZ
gbxlx jyBm Mvws-Gi Z_vbymvb g~jK gY Kvwnbx IN THE STEPS OF
MOSSES, THE LAW GIVER -Gi eivZ wjLQb h, IUv wQj jvwnZ
mvMi msjM wZ n`| wgmii AvaywbK ZvdmxiKvi ZvbZvfxI (gt
1940 Lt) ejb h, jvwnZ mvMi Wye giv divEbi jvk 1900
Lvi g gvm cvIqv wMqwQj|31 hwÌ Zv 1907 mvj cvIqv
hvq|32
DjL h, nhiZ BqvKe (Avt)-Gi eviv Rb cy wgmi GmwQjb|
cieZx PvikZ eQi Zvì esk ew cq BmvCjx eYbv Abyhvqx Qq
jvL 30 nvhvi Qvwoq hvq| gvIjvbv gI`~`x ejb, H mgq wgmi
gymwjg Awaevmxi msLv wQj 10 _K 20 kZvski gvSvgvwS|33 Ze
KziAvb I nv`xQ _K Kej GZUzKz Rvbv hvq h, Zvì evivwU Mv
wQj Ges cZK Mvi RbmsLv wQj wecyj|
30. H, Zvdmxi gvAvidzj KziAvb (evbyev` mscvwqZ) ct 860|
31. Zvdmxi RvIqvni (eiZt `vij wdKi, Zvwe) 6/84 Zvdmxi m~iv BDbym 92 `:|
32. `t gIjvbv gI`~`x, ivmvqj I gvmvqj (evbyev`) 2q msLv, 1996, 5/98-99 ct|
33. ivmvqj I gvmvqj 5/550 ct|
Contents
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64
beyAZ-cieZx 3q cixv I bvRvZ jvf

g~mvi beyAZx Rxeb GwU wQj GKwU P~ov cixv| Beivnxgi AwM
cixvi bvq GwUI wQj Rxeb-gZzi mwY GK gnv cixv| wcQb
divEbi wnsm evwnbx, myL A_ mvMi| GB KwVb mgq eby
BmvCji AvZsK I nvnvKvii gaI g~mv wQjb wi I wb| `p
wngvwì bvq wZwb Avjvn&i Dci wekvm AUj _vKb Ges mv_xì
mvb v w`q Avjvn&i ingZ Kvgbv Kib| wnRiZi ivZ GKBic
Rxeb-giY cixvi myLxb nqwQjb klbex gynvv` (Qvt)|
hvB nvK divEb Lei RvbZ ci Zvi mbvevwnbxK eby BmvCjì
cvvebi wb`k w`j| Avjvn ejb,
>06*+T.C,5U0 31@ 4.*5 5d.9,x0J 00a 16.F,U.: eS..u 3U0"0 >.w1a1,k $5I*5F.,u0D0
.,9.: .].W.F1 ,d1,s 160J 4.*5 401@ .,%.,0D0 >1
1,H.%. A7.C .A1F. ?61@ ?0T 00a
4.*5 .,%00J. >.
1.i: 3$0 .:(0,g0J. >1$%1.F: 1,*?!0T ;c,1 E+T 060[0 .80"0(0
>(>| SF) >.
1.i: .:a.:y0J 3$+ >.w1F.U,G0J 5).F3 ..
m~hv`qi mgq Zviv Zvì cvveb Kij (kvAviv 26/60)|
AZtci hLb Dfq `j ciiK `Lj, ZLb g~mvi mxiv (fxZ nq)
ejj, 06*+T.C,5U0 31@ Avgiv Zv Gevi wbwZ aiv co Mjvg (61)|
ZLb g~mv ejjb, KLbB bq, Avgvi mv_ AvQb Avgvi cvjbKZv|
wZwb AvgvK mZi c_ c`kb Kieb(62)| AZtci Avgiv g~mvK
Av`k Kijvg, Zvgvi jvwV viv mgy`K AvNvZ Ki| dj Zv we`xY
nq Mj Ges cZK fvM wekvj cvnvo m`k nq Mj(63)|
BwZga Avgiv mLvb Aci`jK (A_vr divEb I Zvi
mbvevwnbxK) cuQ w`jvg(64)| Ges g~mv I Zvi mxì mevBK
euvwPq w`jvg(65)| AZtci Aci `jwUK Wyweq w`jvg (kvAviv 26/60-66)|
GLvb cZK fvM ejZ ZvdmxiKviMY eviv Mvi Rb evivwU
fvM ejQb| cZK fvMi jvKiv cvwbi Ìqvj f` Ki
ciiK `LZ cvq I K_v ejZ cvi, hvZ Zviv fxZ bv nq
co| Avgiv gb Kwi Gjv Kbv bv KijI Pj| eis Dci ewYZ
KziAvbx eei Dci Cgvb AvbvB h_| mvo Qq j jvK Ges
Contents
65
65
Zvì mIqvix I Mevw` c I mvsmvwiK èvw` wbq b`x cvi nevi

Rb h weivU GjvKv cqvRb, mB GjvKvUzKz ev` `ycvk `yfvM hw`
mvgwqKfve cvwb ùvwoq _vK, Ze mUvZ wekvm KivB kq| 2004
mvji 26k wWmî B`vbwkqv I kxjsKvi mvMi h mybvgx
(TSUNAMI) nq Mj, ZvZ 33 dzU DuPz XD `xN mgq hveZ ùvwoq
wQj ej cwKvq cKvwkZ nqwQj| ZvB g~mvi hvgvbvq mvMi we`xY
nq Zj`k _K `ycvk cvwb ùvwoq _vKv gvUB wewP bq|
Avjvn&i Kzg mewKQzB nIqv me|
g~mv I eby BmvCjK mvMi cvwo w`q Icvi Pj hZ `L divEb
mivl Nvov `vewoq mevM mvMi e Suvwcq coj| wcQb Zvi
wekvj evwnbxi mevB mvMii ga bg Gjv| hLb Zviv mvMii
gaj cuQ Mj, ZLb Avjvn&i Kzg `yw`K _K wecyj cvwb ivwk
aq Gm ZvìK wbgl Mvm Ki djj| Avjvn ejb, ,$5H.F.,u0D0
>(q )O) >,$5H.%10y . 7$.%: .7 $5H.%1. 0 1l1*551 +6,*.,1 AZtci divEb
Zvi mbevwnbx wbq Zvì cvveb Kij| wK mgy` ZvìK
m~Yic Mvm Ki djj (Zvqvnv 20/78)|
Ab Avjvn ejb,
0`1@ 43-. K,.. K%, . 5l5*55G. +6,*.,1 ,$5H.F.,u0D0 .,9.: 0E%1N.,1@ A1.1 .,g..G.
.1 .0J. 0E%1N.,1@ *5. 1)1 ,o..} z1Q? ?f1@ .)01@ ^ 5)30J 5o.} 00a 5c.. : 5)0T.C,0J
>(r| *
) >.w1U1",5U:
Avi eby BmvCjK Avgiv mvMi cvi Ki w`jvg| Zvici Zvì
cvveb Kij divEb I Zvi mbvevwnbx evovevwo I kZv ekZt|
AZtci hLb m (divEb) WyeZ jvMj, ZLb ej DVj, Avwg Cgvb
AvbwQ G welq h, mB mv eZxZ Kvb Dcvm bB, hvi Dci Cgvb
GbQ eby BmvCjMY Ges Avwg AvZmgcYKvixì GKRb (BDbym
10/90)| Avjvn ejjb,
06*+[.-1 ./1..1 ./%7.5 .<,*.%:0 >.

11:(5U: .1 .o+T. +E,0a .o,%.W. ,0a. 06^}
>(r~>r{ *
) >06*+"1. 0 .1u.
} ,. 1Z3 .7 K10T ?61@. K
.} ./0(:".i ,.U1
Contents
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66
6^} GLb GK_v ejQ? A_P Zzwg BwZc~e bv-digvbx KiwQj Ges
dvmv` mwKvixì Afy wQj| AZGe AvR Avgiv Zvgvi `nK
(web nIqv _K) euvwPq w`wQ| hvZ Zvgvi cvZxì Rb Zzwg
wb`kb nZ cvi| eZt e jvK Ggb iqQ hviv Avgvì
wb`kbvejxi welq eLei (BDbym 10/91-92)|
Ze h, mvMiWywei `k ^P `Lvi ciI fxZ-m eby BmvCjxiv
divEb giQ wK-bv wekvm KiZ cviwQj bv| dj g~mv (Avt)
Avjvn&i wbKU `vAv Kijb| ZLb Avjvn Zvi cvYnxb `n ei Ki
w`jb| AZtci g~mvi mv_xiv wbw nj|34
DjL h, divEbi gwgKZ `n AZfve cvIqv hvq 1907 mvj
Ges eZgvb Zv wgmii wcivwgW iwZ AvQ|
GZ GK_vI cgvwYZ nq h, divEbi mgq wgmixq mfZv AbK
DbZ wQj| Zvì mgq jvk gwg Kivi gZ evwbK KjvKkj
AvweKZ nq| wcivwgW, ws nvhvi nvhvi eQi ai AvRI mB
cvPxb mfZvi wZ aviY Ki AvQ, hv wbtm`n weqKi| AvRKi
hyMi Kvb KvwiMi cvPxb Gme KvwiMix Kjv-Kkji avi-KvQI
hZ cvie wK-bv m`n|
Avk~ivi wQqvg :
divEbi mvMiWywe I g~mvi gyw jvfi G AjwKK NUbvwU NUwQj
10B gynviig Avk~ivi w`b| G w`bi iY Avjvn&i Kwiqv îc g~mv
(Avt) I eby BmvCjMY cwZ eQi G w`b GKwU bdj wQqvg cvjb
Kib| GB wQqvg hyM hyM ai Pj AvmQ| Rvnjx AvieI G wQqvg
Pvjy wQj| beyAZ-c~e Kvj I ci ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) Avk~ivi wQqvg
ivLZb| 2iv wnRixZ ivgvhvbi wQqvg dih nIqvi c~e ch Avk~ivi
wQqvg gymjgvbì Rb dih wQj| Gici GwU bdj wQqvg cwiYZ
nq|35 wnRiZi ci g`xbvq B`xì G wQqvg cvjb KiZ `L
34. nv`xQzj dzZb, Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi, Zvqvnv 39|
35. gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2069 QIg Aavq, bdj wQqvg AbyQ`-6|
Contents
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67
ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejjb, AvgivB g~mv (Avt)-Gi bvRvZ Kwiqv Av`vq

Kivi AwaK nK`vi| AvMvgx eQi euP _vKj Avwg 9 ZvwiL (A_vr 9
I 10 `yw`b) wQqvg cvjb Kie|36 Ab nv`xQ 10 I 11 `yw`b wQqvg
cvjbi K_vI GmQ|37 AZGe bvRvZ g~mvi Kwiqv Av`vqi
wbqZ bdj wQqvg wnmve 10 ZvwiL mn D `yw`b A_ev Kej 10B
gynviig ZvwiL Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb Kiv cZK gymjgvbi Rb
KZe| G wQqvgi dj gywgbi weMZ GK eQii mKj QMxiv bvn
gvd nq hvevi K_v nv`xQ GmQ|38
DjL h, 10B gynviig ZvwiL cw_exZ AviI e iZc~Y NUbvi
bvq 61 wnRix mb nhiZ nvmvqb (ivt)-Gi ggvwK kvnv`vZi
NUbvI NUQ| wK mRb bdj wQqvg cvjbi ev Kvb Abyvb ev
wèm cvjbi weavb Bmjvg bB| AZGe Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjbi
wbqZ ne bvRvZ g~mvi Kwiqv wnmve, kvnv`vZ nvmvqb-Gi
kvK wnmve bq| Gic wbqZ Kij bKxi e`j Mvbvn ne|
eby BmvCji cieZx Me :
Avjvn ejb,
>.,%1"10y .H,. ,*50T. .1u.

1 ,*5?Q0T ,$5H30D1 7$.%: A1 ,$5I.:a.:y0D0 ,$5H,1 .,U0=.-0
.:T.C. ,A1-? .H.1C. .. 1B,CR .c1C.. 06,*+(.F,M.-,
5 ,*50T .
,1Q? .<,*0=: .:.C,0J.
. .,3.. ,5..x .U1 0E%1N., 1@ A1. 40". 4.,59: ./7.C 5o.U1"0T ,o3U.u. .H%1
>({Xq>{X ) >06,*51,F
. ,*50T .. 5)5,*0a. +6,*.,1 5p.,W
. 060T
dj Avgiv Zvì KvQ _K (A_vr divEbxì KvQ _K) e`jv
wbjvg I ZvìK mvMi Wyweq gvijvg| KviY Zviv wg_v cwZcb
KiwQj Avgvì wb`kb mg~nK I Zvi cwZ Abxnv c`kb KiwQj|
Avi hvìK `yej gb Kiv nZ, ZvìK Avgiv DivwaKvi `vb
36. gymwjg, gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/2041, 2067|
37. evqnvKx 4/287; wgiAvZ 7/46|
38. gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2044, QIg Aavq bdj wQqvg AbyQ`-6|
Contents
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Kijvg mB f~Li c~ei I cwgi, hvZ Avgiv eiKZ wbwnZ

iLwQ Ges Gfve c~Y nq Mj Zvgvi cfyi (cwZkZ) KjvYgq
evYxmg~n eby BmvCjxì Rb Zvì ahaviYi KviY| Avi asm
Ki w`jvg m mewKQz, hv Zix KiwQj divEb I Zvi mc`vq Ges
hv wKQz Zviv wbgvY KiwQj (Avivd 7/136-137)|
Dciv AvqvZ `ywUZ wbgv welqwj cwiU nq| (1) AnsKvi I
mxgvjsNbi KviY divEb I Zvi mv_xìK Wyweq gviv nq Ges
Zvì mfZvi myDP wbgvYvw` asm nq (2) Avjvn&i Dci c~Y Avv I
divDbi hyjyg ahaviYi cyivi wnmve eby BmvCjMYK D`qvPj
I AvPj mg~ni Dci KZZ c`vb Kiv nq| (3) GLvb ,*50T .
1Q?
06*+(.F,M.-,
5 hvìK nxb gb Kiv nqwQj ejv nqQ| GZ BwZ
Kiv nqQ h, Avjvn ZvAvjv h RvwZi ev h ewi mnvq _vKb,
evwnK Aev` jvKiv Zvì `yej fe em| wK Avmj Zviv
gvUB nxb I `yej bq| KviY cKZ kw I ghv`v m~Yic Avjvn&i
nvZ| GLvb evwnK `wZ divEb mej njI Avjvn&i mvnvh
cvIqvq eby BmvCjMY Aekl weRqx nqQ| G KviY nhiZ nvmvb
eQix ejb, A AvqvZ BwZ iqQ G welq h, gvbyl hw` Ggb
Kvb jvK ev `ji cwZwZvi myLxb nq, hvK cwZnZ Kiv Zvi
gZvi evBi, Ze m KZKvhZv I KjvYi mwVK c_ nj
Zvi gyKvwejv bv Ki Qei Kiv| Kbbv hLb m hyjygi cvv hyjygi
gvag cwZkva bevi wPv Ki, Avjvn ZLb ZvK Zvi kwmvg_i Dci Qo `b| cvi hLb m Zvi gyKvwejvq Qei Ki
Ges Avjvn&i mvnvh cv_bv Ki, ZLb Avjvn ^qs Zvi Rb ivv Lyj
`b|
eby BmvCjMY g~mv (Avt)-Gi civgk Avjvn&i wbKU cv_bv KiwQj,
.
110[: 1<,*0=: .1 ./1-.U,. 1 .7.. .w1U1? 1<,*0=:"n K.,-1 .:".F,.u 0f .3.C n
Avgvì cvjbKZv! AvgvìK G hvjg KIgi drbvq wbc Kiv
bv| Ges AvgvìK AbyMn Ki Kvdi mc`vqi Kej _K gyw
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`vI (BDbym 10/85-86)| eZt Avjvn Zvì cv_bv Keyj KiwQjb

Ges h_vmgq Zvì gyw w`qwQjb|
GY ck nj, mvMiWywe _K bvRvZ cqB wK eby BmvCjMY wgmi
cZveZb Kij Ges divEbi AvwjKv mg~n asm Ki divEbx
ivRZi gvwjK eb Mj? G evcvi KziAvbi wewfb vb DjwLZ
GZ`msv AvqvZ mg~n cgvwYZ nq h, g~mv (Avt) I eby BmvCjMY
Hmgq wgmi wdi hvbwb| eis Zuviv Avw` evmvb KbAvbi Dk
kvg-Gi w`K iIqvbv nqwQjb| AZtci cw_ga ZvìK wb`k
Ìqv nq wRnv` Ki Zvì Avw` evmvb KbAvb `Lj Kivi Rb|
mLvb ZLb AvgvjKvì ivRZ wQj| hviv wQj weMZ Av` eski
jvK Ges wekvj`nx I `yal cKwZi| bex g~mvi gvag Avjvn Zvì
AvMvg weRqi mymsev` `b| Z_vwc Zviv fxZ nq Ges wRnv` hZ
A^xKvi Ki| kwkvjx divEb I Zvi wekvj evwnbxi Pvzm asm
`LI Zviv Avjvn&i ingZi Dci fimv KiZ cviwb| dj Avjvn&i
AevaZvi kvwîc wgmi I kvgi gaeZx Zxn& cvii Dby
RjLvbvq Zviv 40 eQi Aei Rxeb AwZevwnZ KiZ eva nq Ges
mLvb _vKv AevZB nviY I g~mv (Avt)-Gi gZz nq| cieZxZ
g~mv (Avt)-Gi wkl I cieZx bex BDkv web b~b-Gi bZZ Zviv
wRnv` AMmi nq Ges Zvi gvag AvgvjKvì nvwiq KbAvb
`Lj Ki Zviv Zvì Avw` evmvb wdi Avm| Gfve Avjvn&i
Iqv`v mZ cwiYZ nq|
DjL h, AvjvP m~iv Avivd 136-37 AvqvZ QvovI kvAviv 59,
KvQvQ 5 I `yLvb 25-28 AvqvZ mg~n evnZt BwZ cvIqv hvq h,
eby BmvCjMYK divEbxì cwiZ m` mg~ni gvwjK Kiv
nqwQj| wK mLvb G welqiI my AeKvk we`gvb iqQ h,
eby BmvCjMYK divEbxì bvq evM-evwMPv I ab-mì gvwjK
Kiv nqwQj| Gi Rb Zvì wgmi cZveZb Kiv hiix bq| eis
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Abyic evM-evwMPv kvg `kI AwRZ nZ cvi| m~iv Avivdi

AvjvP 137 AvqvZ hvZ Avgiv eiKZ wbwnZ iLwQ ej kvg
`kK eySvbv nqQ| GKB evK m~iv eby BmvCji 1g AvqvZI ejv
nqQ| mKviY KvZv`vn ejb, Dciv ggi mKj AvqvZ kvg
`kK eySvbv nqQ| hLvb wMq eby BmvCjMY `ywbqvex kvbkIKZi gvwjK nq| c~ei I cwgi ej kvgi Pvicvk eySvbv
nqQ| nZ cvi G mgq gvkviK I gvMvie (c~e I cwg) Z_v
kvg I wgmi Dfq f~Li Dci Zvì KZZ cwZwZ nq|39
ck nq, divEb I Zvi mbvevwnbx mg~j asm nIqvi ciI nhiZ
g~mv (Avt) Kb wgmi wdi wMq Zvi wmsnvmb `Lj Ki eby BmvCji
kvmb cwZv Kijb bv? Gi Reve c_gZt GUvB h, G evcvi wZwb
Avjvn&i wb`k cvbwb| wZxqZt Zuvi `~i`wkZvq nqZ GUvB cZxqgvb
nqwQj h, ivRbwZK weRqi gvag cKZ A_ xbi weRq me
bq| ZvQvov xbi cPvi-cmvii Rb ivRbwZK mxgvbv kZ bq; eis
Zv AjMZ mxgvbv cwiq me cPvi AvekK| ZvB wZwb wgmi
GjvKvq xb cPvii `vwqZ cvjb kl Gevi kvg GjvKvq xb cPvii
wmv bb| ZZxqZt GUv nZ cvi h, bexMYi wcZv Beivnxg
(Avt) mn eby BmvCji g~j ew nhiZ BqvK~e (Avt) I Abvb
bexMYi Rbvb kvg GjvKvi eiKZgwZ Aj Rxebi kl
gyn~Zjv eq Kivi my evmbv Zuvi ga KvR Ki _vKZ cvi|
eZt Avjvn cvK Zuvi gZzi Rb KbAvbi gvwUKB wbavwiZ
KiwQjb Ges mLvbB wZwb gZzeiY Kib| evqZzj gyKvvmi
DcK GKwU jvj wXwe `wLq klbex gynvv` (Qvt) Zuvi Kei wb`k
KiwQjb|40
39. UxKv: gydZx gynvv` kdx ^xq Zvdmxi gvAvidzj KziAvb (evbyev` mscvwqZ)
320 cvq wjLQb, g~mv (Avt) I eby BmvCjMY mvMiWywe _K gyw jvfi ci
wgmi AvwacZ jvf Kib| wK 977 cvq ejQb, KziAvbi GKvwaK AvqvZ
mv `q h, divEb mc`vqi asmi ci ebx BmivCj wgmi cZveZb Kiwb|
... Gi ciI BwZnvm _K GK_v cgvwYZ nq bv h, ebx BmivCjMY Kvb mgq
`jefve RvwZMZ cwiwPwZ I ghv`v wbq wgmi cek KiwQj|]
40. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/5713 wKqvgZi Aev Aavq 9 AbyQ`|
Contents
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Dciv AvjvPbvi Dcmsnvi Avgiv G wmv cuQZ cvwi h,

mvMiWywe _K bvRvZ cvevi ci g~mv (Avt) I eby BmvCjMY ZLbB
wgmi wdi hvbwb| eis Zviv KbAvbi Dk kvg AwfgyL iIqvbv
nqwQjb| kvg hvvc_ Ges mLvb cuQ ZvìK bvbvwea
cixvi myLxb nZ nq| GY Avgiv mw`K gbvwbek Kie|
eby BmvCji AevaZv I Zvì Dci AvcwZZ cixv mg~ni weeiY:
1. g~wZ c~Rvi Ave`vi
eby BmvCj KIg g~mv (Avt)-Gi gyRhvi ej jvwnZ mvMi wbNvZ
Wye giv _K m` bvRvZ cq GmwQj Ges MvUv divEbx MvxK
mvMi Wye givi ggvwK `k ^P cZ Ki GmwQj| wK Zv
mI wmwiqv Avmvi c_ wKQz`~i AMmi nZB Zviv Ggb GK
Rbcì Dci w`q AwZg Kij, hviv wewfb g~wZi c~Rvq wj wQj|
Zvì c~Rv-APbvi RuvKRgKc~Y Abyvb `L Zvì gb mw`K
AvK nj Ges g~mv (Avt)-Gi KvQ wMq Ave`b Kij, .? E.F,G
_.H1} ,$5H0 .U0T KH01@ Zvì g~wZmg~ni bvq Avgvì RbI GKUv g~wZ
evwbq w`b| g~mv ejjb, 06*+".H,.u <,*0a ,$+[31@ Zvgiv `LwQ g~LZvq wj
RvwZ| wZwb ejb, 06*+".U,F
. ,*50T 3 _E1O.. 1)%1 ,$5I 3 3.-5 Sf5.I ?61@
Giv h KvR wbqvwRZ iqQ, Zv asm ne Ges hv wKQz Zviv KiQ,
Zv me evwZj| wZwb AviI ejjb, KH01@ ,$+[,%1 ,0J 1' .,%0y0J Avwg wK
Zvgvì Rb Avjvn eZxZ Ab Kvb Dcvm mvb Kie? A_P wZwb
ZvgvìK mviv weki Dci kZ `vb KiQb (Avivd 7/138-140)|
eZt gvbyl me`v AvbyvwbKZv wcq Ges A`k mvi Pq `kgvb
ei cwZ AwaKZi Avm| dj b~n (Avt)-Gi hyM _KB A`k
Avjvn&i bKU nvwQji Amxjv Kbv Ki wbRì nvZ Mov `kgvb
g~wZ mg~ni c~Rv-APbv Pj AvmQ| Aekl Avjvn&K I Zuvi weavbK
fyj wMq gvbyl g~wZK I wbRì gbMov weavbK gyL MY KiQ|
Contents
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gvi gykwiKivI klbexi KvQ Zvì g~wZc~RvK Avjvn&i bKUi

Amxjv ej ARynvZ w`qwQj (hygvi 39/3)| Zvì GB ARynvZ AMvn
nq Ges Zvì i nvjvj MY nq| eì, Inv`, L`K cfwZ hymn
cieZxKvji mKj wRnv` g~jZt GB wkiKi weiB cwiPvwjZ nq|
gv weRqi w`b ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) wbR nvZ g~wZ f AZtci cvwb
w`q ayq Kvev Mn Qvd Kib Ges AvqvZ cvV Kib, .8.I.g. k8.9: S.G
+E1O.: mZ Gm Mj, wg_v we`~wiZ nj (Bmiv 17/81)|

wK `yfvM! g~wZc~Rvi m vb AvR `Lj KiQ gymjgvbì ga
Kei c~Rv, Qwe-g~wZ I cwZKwZ c~Rv, wZma, vbc~Rv, knx` wgbvi
I e`x c~Rv, wkLv I Avb c~Rv BZvw`| eZt Gwj wkiK, hv
_K bexMY hyM hyM gvbylK mveavb KiQb| g~mv (Avt) ^xq
KIgK Zvì g~LZvm~jf AvPiYi Rb agKvbvi ci Zvì uk
wdijv Ges Zviv weiZ nj|
ZIivZ jvf :
AZtci Avjvn g~mvK Anxi gvag Iqv`v Kijb h, ZvK mZi
wKZve (ZIivZ) c`vb Kiv ne Ges GRb wZwb eby BmvCjK mv_
wbq ZvK Zi cvnvoi `wY cvk Pj AvmZ ejjb (Zvqvnv
20/83-84)| AZtci g~mv (Avt) AvM Gm Avjvn&i Kzg c_g wk
w`b wQqvg I GZKvd gM _vKb| Gici Avjvn AviI `kw`b gqv`
evwoq `b (Avivd 7/142)| Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb,& GB `kw`b wQj
whjni c_g `kw`b, hv AZxe eiKZgq| Beby KvQxi ejb, 10B
whjn Kzievbxi w`b g~mvi gqv` kl nq I Avjvn&i mv_ K_v ejvi
mfvM jvf nq| GKB w`b klbex gynvv` (Qvt)-Gi Dci xb
cwic~YZvi AvqvZ bvwhj nq (gvq`vn 3)|=( Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi m~iv
Avivd 142)|
h_vmgq Avjvn g~mvi m K_v ejjb (Avivd 7/143)| AZtci ZuvK

ZIivZ c`vb Kijb, hv wQj mZ-wg_vi cv_KKvix I mij c_
Contents
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c`kbKvix (evKvivn 2/53)| `xN wek eQii AwaKKvj c~e wgmi

hvIqvi c_ GB vbB g~mv c_g Avjvn&i mv_ K_vcK_bi I
beyAZ jvfi gnv mfvM jvf Kib| AvR Avevi mLvbB evKvjvc
QvovI Gjvnx M ZIivZ cq LykxZ AwaKZi mvnmx nq wZwb
Avjvn&i wbKU `vex Ki emjb,
5).0[. 30=.-, 16120 1E..: 401@ ,+ 11[0. A1..u ,0 00a ./,%01@ ,+0J A11C0J 7d.C
3U0"0 >K=1F.x 4.*5 3.iR3 T. 5)0".F.G 1E..:"1 5)k.C 4?"..u 3U0"0 A1..u .,*.0
>({YX ) >.w11,5U: +30J .0J. ./,%01@ 5o,5u ./..9,5 00a .c00J
n Avgvi cvjbKZv! AvgvK `Lv `vI| Avwg ZvgvK ^P `Le|
Avjvn ejjb, Zzwg AvgvK (G `ywbqvZ) KLbvB `LZ cve bv|
Ze Zzwg (Zi) cvnvoi w`K `LZ _vK| mwU hw` ^vb wi
_vK, Zvnj Zzwg AvgvK `LZ cve| AZtci hLb Zvi cfy D
cvnvoi Dci ^xq RvwZi weKxiY NUvjb, mwUK wea Ki
w`jb Ges g~mv vb nvwiq co Mj| AZtci hLb Zvi vb wdi
Gj, ZLb ejj, n cfy! gnv cwe Zvgvi mv! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU
ZIev KiwQ Ges Avwg wekvmxì ga AMYx (Avivd 7/143)|
Avjvn ejjb,
./5-,%.u} . :Q5t0 ,A100[1. A1u0f.11 1Z3 40". ./5-,%0(0!,x A71@ 4.*5 .
00a
K 01,*. ;S,A. nE+T ,1 1.*:0D: A1 5)0 .,.-0T. ({YY) .
,11T3 .1 ,+T.
.C. ,$+[
,1C+D. .H1.,0D1 +Q5i:D
. ./.,*0a ,5:J. ;h3*+=1 .I:Q5t0 ;S,A. nE+[1 K,%1W:(.u.
>({Yb>{YY ) .,%1=10(: n g~mv! Avwg Avgvi wimvjvZ Z_v
evZv cvVvbvi gvag Ges evKvjvci gvag jvKì (bexMYi)
Dci ZvgvK wewkZv `vb KiwQ| myZivs hv wKQz Avwg ZvgvK `vb
Kijvg Zv MnY Ki I KZ _vK| Avi Avgiv Zvi Rb djK mg~n
wjL w`qwQjvg mecKvi Dc`k I mKj welq wevwiZfve| AZGe
Contents
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Zzwg GwjK `pfve aviY Ki Ges ^RvwZK Gi KjvYKi welqmg~n

`pZvi mv_ cvjbi wb`k `vI| kxNB Avwg ZvgvìK `Lve
cvcvPvixì evmvb (Avivd 7/144-145)|
Dciv AvqvZ viv eySv hvq h, ZLZx ev djK wjwLZ Aevq ZuvK
wKZve c`vb Kiv nqwQj| Avi GB ZLZxjvi bvgB nj ZIivZ|
(2) Mv-erm c~Rv :
g~mv hLb ebx BmvCjK wbq Zi cvnvoi w`K iIqvbv nq Mjb|
ZLb wZwb nviY (Avt)-K KIgi `vwqZ w`q Mjb Ges ZvìK
cvZ Avmvi wb`k w`q wbR AvM Pj Mjb Ges mLvb wMq
40 w`b wQqvg I BZKvd KvUvbvi ci ZIivZ jvf Kijb| Zuvi
aviYv wQj h, Zvi KIg wbqB Zvi wcQ wcQ Zi cvnvoi mwbKU
Gm wkwei vcb KiQ| wK Zuvi aviYv wQj m~Y fyj|
Avjvn ZuvK wRm Kijb, ,$5I 00a >4.,*5 .
./1,*0a ,. ./0".,0J ..
, 1 ./.,*0a 3.-0 ,0a 3120 00a >4.s,.-1 d

7 .C ./,%01@ 5o:"1.. z100J 40". 1S0f+J
>(b>X )O) >kz113 5$5H?".s0J. .]1 ,F. n g~mv! Zvgvi mc`vqK
wcQb dj Zzwg `Z Pj Gj Kb? wZwb ejjb, Zviv Zv Avgvi
wcQ wcQB AvmQ Ges n cfy! Avwg ZvovZvwo Zvgvi KvQ Gjvg,
hvZ Zzwg Lykx nI| Avjvn ejjb, Avwg Zvgvi mc`vqK cixv
KiwQ Zvgvi ci Ges mvgix ZvìK c_ KiQ (Zvqvnv 20/83-85)|
GK_v Rb g~mv (Avt) nZf^ nq Mjb Ges `ytL I vf Awi
nq wbR mc`vqi KvQ wdi Mjb| hgb Avjvn ejb,
.. ,. ,$+[k.C ,$+T,1F

. ,$00J 1<,*0a .
00a K(10J 06.,M0y 1)1,*0a 401@ 4.,*5 .p.G.0
,$5-:(0",i0D0 ,$+[73C ,7 .M0y ,$+[,%0". ?E19
. :60J ,$5u,.C0J ,<0J 5,H.F: 5$+[,%0". 00!00J
<1 ,*0=: 1.
,1g ,7 C.g,0J .:"7U5 31[0. .1[:".U1 .].1,*. .:(0",i0J . *+0a >z11,*.
*+0=0 C.*5i 5)0 ..G K,1 ,$5H0 ..,i0D0 >kz113 40=:0J ./10Q0[0 .I.:0Q0=0
Contents
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75
>(> )O) >.A1.0 4.*5 5)01@. ,$+[5H01@ 0Q.I AZtci g~mv Zvi
mc`vqi KvQ wdi Mjb z I AbyZ Aevq| wZwb ejjb, n
Avgvi mc`vq! Zvgvì cvjbKZv wK Zvgvì GKwU Dg
cwZkwZ (A_vr ZIivr `vbi cwZkwZ) `bwb? Ze wK cwZkwZi
mgqKvj (40 w`b) Zvgvì KvQ `xN nqQ? bv-wK Zvgiv PqQ
h Zvgvì Dci Zvgvì cvjbKZvi va bg AvmyK, h KviY
Zvgiv Avgvi mv_ KZ Iqv`v f Kij? (86) Zviv ejj, Avgiv
Avcbvi mv_ KZ Iqv`v ^Qvq f Kwiwb| wK Avgvì Dci
divEbxì AjsKvii evSv Pvwcq Ìqv nqwQj| AZtci Avgiv
Zv wbc Ki w`qwQ Ggwbfve mvgixI wbc KiQ(87)|
AZtci m Zvì Rb (mLvb _K) ei Ki Avbjv GKUv Mvermi Aeqe, hvi ga nv^v nv^v ie wQj| AZtci (mvgix I Zvi
jvKiv) ejj, GUvB Zvgvì Dcvm Ges g~mviI Dcvm, hv ci
g~mv fyj MQ (Zvqvnv 20/86-88)|
NUbv wQj GB h, wgmi _K we`vqi w`b hvZ divEbxiv Zvì
cvveb bv Ki Ges Zviv Kvbic m`n bv Ki, mRb (g~mvK
jywKq) eby BmvCjiv cwZekx wKeZxì KvQ _K AjsKvivw` avi
bq GB K_v ej h, Avgiv mevB C` Drme cvjbi Rb hvwQ|
`yGKw`bi ga wdi GmB Zvgvì me AjsKvi dir wè| wK
mvMi cvi nIqvi ci hLb Avi wdi hvIqv nj bv, ZLb KzUeyw I
g~mvi cwZ KcU wekvmx mvgix gb gb GK dw` AvUjv h, Gi viv
m eby BmvCjì c_ Kie| AZtci g~mv (Avt) hLb Zvi
mc`vqK nviYi `vwqZ w`q wbR AvMfvM Zi cvnvo Pj hvb,
ZLb mvgix myhvM eyS Zvi dw` KvR jvMvq| m wQj AZ PZzi|
mvMi Wywe _K bvRvZ cvevi mgq m wRexji AeZiY I Zvi Nvovi
cwZ j KiwQj| m `LwQj h, wRexji Nvovi cv h gvwUZ
coQ, m vbi gvwU mRxe nq DVQ I ZvZ Rxebi `b RM
DVQ| ZvB mevi Aj G c`wPi GK gyVv gvwU m Zzj mhZb
iL `q|
Contents
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g~mv (Avt) Pj hvevi ci m jvKì ej h, Zvgiv divEbxì

hme AjsKvivw` wbq GmQ Ges Zv diZ w`Z cviQ bv, mwj
fvM-eenvi Kiv Zvgvì Rb nvjvj ne bv| AZGe Gwj GKwU
MZ wbc Ki Rvwjq `vI| K_vwU Aekl nviY (Avt)-Gi
KYMvPi nq| bvmvC-Z ewYZ nv`xQzj dzZ~b nhiZ Avyjvn Beb
Avevm (ivt)-Gi iIqvqvZ _K Rvbv hvq h, nhiZ nviY (Avt) me
AjsKvi GKwU MZ wbc Ki Rvwjq èvi wb`k `b, hvZ
mwj GKwU Aeqe cwiYZ nq Ges g~mv (Avt)-Gi wdi Avmvi ci
G mK KiYxq wbaviY Kiv hvq| nhiZ nviY (Avt)-Gi wb`k gZ
mevB hLb AjsKvi MZ wbc KiQ, ZLb mvgixI nvZi gywV e
Ki mLvb cuQj Ges nhiZ nviY (Avt)-K ejj, Avgvi gbvevv
c~Y nK- GB gg Avcwb `vAv Kij Avwg wbc Kie, bBj bq|
nhiZ nviY Zvi KcUZv eySZ bv ci mij gb `vAv Kijb|
Avmj Zvi gywVZ wQj wRexji Nvovi cvqi mB AjwKK gvwU|
dj D gvwUi cwZwqvq nK wKsev nhiZ nviYi `vAvi dj
nK- mvgixi D gvwU wbci ciciB MwjZ AjsKvivwì AeqewU
GKwU Mv-ermi ic aviY Ki nv^v nv^v ie KiZ _vK| gybvwdK
mvgix I Zvi mx-mv_xiv GZ DjwmZ nq ej DVj, 5)01@. ,$+[5H01@ 0Q.I
.A1.0 4.*5 GUvB nj Zvgvì Dcvm I g~mvi Dcvm| hv m ci

fyj MQ (Zvqvnv 20/88)|
g~mv (Avt)-Gi Zi cvnvo MgbK m AcevLv w`q ejj, g~mv wev
nq Avgvì Qo Kv_vI Pj wMqQ| GLb Zvgiv mevB Mvermi c~Rv Ki| wKQz jvK Zvi AbymiY Kij| ejv nq _vK h, eby
BmvCj GB wdrbvq co wZb `j wef nq Mj| dj g~mv (Avt)Gi wcQ wcQ Zi cvnvo Mgbi cwqv cw_gaB evbPvj nq Mj|
nviY (Avt) ZvìK ejjb, .U31@ 1<,*0a .
+E,0a ,1 +65C.I ,$5H0 00a ,0=0.
)1 ,%0". ..,. ,0 *+0a >z1,0J *5F%1O0J. A1*5F13u0 5.U,3 5$+[3.C ?61@. 1)1 ,$5-,1-+
>(r{>r| )O) >4.*5 .,%01@ .p1G,
. 43-. .w1(1T. KIg! Zvgiv GB
Contents
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Mv-erm viv cixvq cwZZ nqQ| Zvgvì cvjbKZv AZxe `qvjy|

AZGe Zvgiv Avgvi AbymiY Ki Ges Avgvi Av`k gb Pj(90)|
wK mc`vqi jvKiv ejj, g~mv Avgvì KvQ wdi bv Avmv ch
Avgiv Gi c~Rvq iZ _vKe (Zvqvnv 20/90-91)|
AZtci g~mv (Avt) Gjb Ges mc`vqi jvKì KvQ me K_v
bjb| nviY (Avt)I Zuvi ee ck Kijb| mvgixI Zvi
KcUZvi K_v AKcU ^xKvi Kij| AZtci g~mv (Avt) Avjvn&i Kzg
Abyhvqx kvw NvlYv Kijb|
Mv-erm c~Rvi kvw :
g~mv (Avt) Mv-erm c~Rvq bZZ `vbKvix nVKvix jvKì gZz`
w`jb| hgb Avjvn ejb, Avi hLb g~mv Zvi mc`vqK ejj, :`1@.
401@ *5*5-0 0E,1F: 5$+T1`.t7u1 ,$+[.+(,0J ,$5-,U0"0 ,$+[31@ 1<,*0a .

1)1,*0=1 4.*5 00a
...,$+[1N1C. .,1 ,$+[0 ,%.i ,$+[10` ,$+[.+(,0J *+"5-:a0 ,$+[1N1C. n Avgvi mc`vq!
Zvgiv Mv-ermK Dcvm wbaviY Ki wbRì Dci hyjyg KiQ|
AZGe GLb Zvgvì cfyi wbKU ZIev Ki Ges wbRìK
cii nZv Ki| GUvB Zvgvì Rb Zvgvì mvi wbKU
KjvYKi... (evKvivn 2/54)| Gfve Zvì wKQz jvKK nZv Kiv nq,
wKQz jvK gvcv nq|
Zi cvnvo Zzj aiv nj :
GiciI KcU wekvmx I nVKvix wKQz jvK _vK, hviv ZIivZK
gvbZ A^xKvi Ki| dj Zvì gv_vi Dci Avjvn Zi cvnvoi
GKvsk DuPz Ki Szwjq aib Ges Aekl wbicvq nq Zviv mevB
AvbyMZ KiZ ^xKZ nq| hgb Avjvn ejb, .,F0.C. ,$+[0a0,%1 .:Q.i0J :`1@.
>(X h= ) >06,*+=3-.u ,$+[?".F0 1)%,1 . ,5+T:`. ;h3*+=1 $+T.,%.u} . ,+Q5i .C,*! 5$+[0a,*0
Avi hLb Avwg Zvgvì KvQ _K AxKvi wbqwQjvg Ges Zi
cvnvoK Zvgvì gv_vi Dci Zzj aiwQjvg GB ej h, Zvgvì
Contents
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78
h wKZve Ìqv nqQ, Zv gheyZfve aviY Ki Ges GZ hv wKQz

iqQ Zv iY ivL, hvZ Zvgiv Avjvnfxi nZ cvi (evKvivn
2/63)| wK Mv-ermi gneZ Gì `q Ggbfve eg~j nq
wMqwQj h, GZwKQzi ciI Zviv wkiK QvoZ cviwb| Avjvn ejb,
,$1I1:(+[1 0E,1F: 5$1H1*+"+a A1 :*51,+J. Kzdii KviY Zvì Ai Mverm
cxwZ cvb Kivbv nqwQj (evKvivn 2/93)| hgb KD mivmwi wkiK
bZZ w`qQ, KDev gyL ZIev KijI Ai cyivcywi ZIev
Kiwb| KDev wkiKK NYv KiZ cviwb| KD ev gb gb NYv
KijI evwnKfve gb wbqwQj Ges evav Ìqvi Kvb Pv
Kiwb| Avjvn hLb Zi cvnvo Zzj ai fq `wLq Zvì AvbyMZi
cwZkwZ bb, ZLbI Zvì KD KD (cieZxZ) ejwQj, .,F1U.
.,%.W.. Avgiv bjvg I Agvb Kijvg (evKvivn 2/93)| hwÌ Agvb

Kijvg K_vwU wQj cii Ges Zv cgvwYZ nqwQj Zvì eve
wqvKg| hgb Avjvn GBme cwZkwZ `vbKvixì cieZx AvPiY
m^ ejb,
.1 $5-+[0 5)5-.U,.C. ,$+[,%0". 1' +E,M0 0f,*0"0 ./10` 1,F. 7 $5-,%?.*.u 3$+
>(Y h= ) >.
11.t:
AZtci Zvgiv D NUbvi ci (Zvgvì cwZkwZ _K) wdi
MQ| hw` Avjvn&i wekl KiYv I AbyMn Zvgvì Dci bv _vKZ,
Zvnj AekB Zvgiv asm nq hZ (evKvivn 2/64)|
mvgixi KwdqZ :
mc`vqi jvKì kvw `vbi ci g~mv (Avt) Gevi mvgixK
wRm Kijb, n mvgix! Zvgvi evcvi wK? m ejj, Avwg
`Ljvg, hv Abiv `Lwb| AZtci Avwg mB cwiZ ewi (A_vr
wRexji) c`wPi bxP _K GK gyw gvwU wbq wbjvg| AZtci Avwg
Zv (Avb MwjZ AjsKvii Aeqei cwZ) wbc Kijvg| Avgvi gb
GUv KiZ civwPZ KiwQj (A_vr Kvi civgk bq eis wbR^ wPvq
Contents
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79
I kqZvbx KzgYvq Avwg GKvR KiwQ)| g~mv ejjb, `~i n, Zvi

Rb mviv Rxeb GB kvwB iBj h, ZzB ejwe, AvgvK KD k
Kiv bv Ges Zvi Rb (AvLivZ) GKUv wbw` Iqv`v iqQ (A_vr
Rvnvbvg), hvi ewZg ne bv| GY ZzB Zvi mB Bjvni cwZ
j Ki, hvK ZzB me`v c~Rv w`q wNi _vKwZm| Avgiv IUvK
(A_vr Kwg Mv-ermUvK) AekB Rvwjq è Ges AekB IK
wew Ki mvMi wQwUq è (Zvqvnv 95-97)|
mvgix I Zvi kvw :
cvim A_ev fviZeli Awaevmx mvgix Mv-c~Rvix mc`vqi jvK
wQj| ci wgmi cuQ m g~mv (Avt)-Gi Dci wekvm vcb Ki|
AZ PZzi GB ewwU ci KcU wekvmx I gybvwdK nq hvq| wK
evBi Zv cKvk bv cvIqvq m eby BmvCjì mv_ mvMi cvi nIqvi
myhvM cvq| g~mv (Avt)-Gi wecyj bvg-hk I AjwKK gZvq m Zvi
cwZ gb gb Clv civqY wQj| g~mvi mvwba I wbR^ my`wkZvi
KviY m wRevCj dikZv mK AvMnx nq IV| mB AvMni
KviYB mvMi cvi nIqvi mgq m wRexjK wPbZ cvi I Zvi Nvovi
c`wPi gvwU msMn Ki| Zvi aviYv wQj h, g~mvi hveZxq gZvi
Drm nj GB dikZv| AZGe Zvi wkZ gvwU w`q mI GLb
g~mvi bvq AjwKK gZvi AwaKvix ne|
g~mv (Avt) mvgixi Rb cvw_e Rxeb GB kvw wbaviY Kib h, mevB
ZvK eRb Kie Ges KD Zvi KvQ Nule bv| wZwb ZvKI wb`k
`b h, m KviI Mvq nvZ jvMve bv| mviv Rxeb GfveB m eb
Ri bvq mevi KvQ _K Avjv`v _vKe| GUvI meci h, cvw_e
AvBbMZ kvwi Ea Lv` Zvi mvq Avjvn&i Kzg Ggb welq mw
nqwQj, hib m wbRI AbK k KiZ cviZ bv Ges AbivI
ZvK k KiZ cviZ bv| hgb GK eYbvq GmQ h, g~mv (Avt)Gi e``vAvq Zvi ga Ggb Aevi mw nqwQj h, m KvDK nvZ
jvMvj ev KD ZvK nvZ jvMvj DfqB Rivv nq hZ (KziZzex,
Zvqvnv 95)| GB fq m mevi KvQ _K Avjv`v nq Dvi gZ
Nvivdiv KiZ| KvDK wbKU AvmZ `LjB m PxrKvi Ki ej
Contents
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80
DVZv .Z.1f AvgvK KD k Kiv bv| eZt gZzì PvBZ

GwUB wQj KwVb kvw| hv `L Acii wkv nq| ejv evj, AvRI
fviZeli wn`yì ga Mv-gvZvi c~Rv AevnZ iqQ| hwÌ
D`vigbv DP wkwZ wn`yMY gB G AjxK wekvm _K ewiq
AvmQb Ges MvfxK èx bq eis gvbyli eenvihvM I Lv`hvM
cvYx wnmve wekvm Kib|
KziZzex ejb, Gi ga `jxj iqQ G welq h, weÀvZx I
cvcvPvix ew _K `~i _vKv hiix| Zvì m Kvbic gjvgkv
I Av`vb-c`vb bv KivB KZe| hgb AvPiY klbex (Qvt) wRnv`
_K wcQz nUv g`xbvi wZbRb abxjvKi mv_ (Zvì ZIev Keyji
AvM ch) KiwQjb (KziZzex)|
(3) AvjvnK ^P `Lvi wh` I Zvi cwiYwZ :
g~mv (Avt) Zi cvnvo ZIivr cv nq eby BmvCji KvQ wdi Gm
Zv ck Kijb Ges ejjb h, GUv Avjvn c` wKZve| Zvgiv Gi
AbymiY Ki| ZLb wKQz msLK DZ jvK ej DVjv, hw` Avjvn
^qs Avgvì ej `b h, GwU Zuvi c` wKZve, ZvnjB Kej
Avgiv wekvm Kie, bBj bq| nZ cvi Zzwg mLvb Pwjk w`b em
em GUv wbR wjL GbQ| ZLb g~mv (Avt) Avjvn&i AbygwZg
ZvìK Zuvi mv_ Zi cvnvo hZ ejjb| eby BmvCjiv Zvì
ga evQvB Kiv mi RbK gbvbxZ Ki g~mv (Avt)-Gi mv_ Zi
cvnvo ciY Kij| mLvb cuQ Zviv Avjvn&i evYx ^KY bZ
cj| GiciI Zvì Aeva gb kv nj bv| kqZvbx auvKvq co
Zviv bZzb GK ARynvZ Zzj ejj, Gjv Avjvn&i K_v bv Ab Kvi
K_v, Avgiv eySev wKfve? AZGe hZY Avgiv ZuvK mkixi
cKvk Avgvì myL bv `Le, ZZY Avgiv wekvm Kie bv h,
Gme Avjvn&i evYx| wK hnZz G cvw_e RMZ PgPzZ AvjvnK
`Lvi gZv Kvi bB, ZvB Zvì GB Pig aZvi Reve Avmgvb
_K fxlY GK wbbv` Gj, hvZ me bZvjvB PvLi cjK Av
cj|
Contents
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81
AKvr Ggb NUbvq g~mv (Avt) wewZ I fxZ-wenj nq cojb|

wZwb cv_bv Ki ejjb, n Avjvn! GgwbZB Iiv nVKvix| Gici
Gì GB gZzZ jvKiv AvgvKB `vqx Kie| Kbbv g~j NUbvi
mvx KD _vKj bv Avwg Qvov| AZGe n Avjvn! IìK cybRxeb
`vb Ki| hvZ Avwg `vqgy nZ cvwi Ges IivI wMq mv w`Z
cvi| Avjvn g~mvi `vAv Keyj Kijb Ges Iì RxweZ Kijb| G
NUbv Avjvn eYbv Kib Gfve-
,$5-0J. +0=13W 5$+[,u0Q.i0D0 Kh.,H.G R' e.. 43-. ./0 .1,k 0 4.*5 .
,$5-:"+a :`1@.
>(b>bb h= ) >065+[,.u ,$+[?".F0 ,$+[1u,*. 1,F. 7 $+T.:.F. 3$+ >065+.u
Avi hLb Zvgiv ejj, n g~mv! KLbvB Avgiv ZvgvK wekvm Kie
bv, hZY bv Avgiv AvjvnK cKvk `LZ cve| ZLb ZvgvìK
cvKovI Kij GK fxlY wbbv` (eRcvZ), hv Zvgvì PvLi mvgbB
NUwQj| AZtci Zvgvì gZzi ci Avgiv ZvgvìK cybRxweZ
Kijvg, hvZ Zvgiv KZZv ^xKvi Ki (evKvivn 2/55-56)|
(4) evqZzj gyKvvm Awfhvbi wb`k :
mvMiWywe _K gyw cvevi ci nZ wmbvB DcZKv cwiq Zi cvnvo
cuQv ch mgqKvj g~wZc~Rvi Ave`vi, Mv-erm c~Rv I Zvi kvw,
ZIivr jvf I Zv gvbZ A^xKvi Ges Zi cvnvo DwVq fq c`kb,
Avjvn&K ^P `Lvi wh` I Zvi cwiYwZ cfwZ NUbv mg~ni ci
Gevi Zvì g~j Me hvvi Rb Av`k Kiv nj|
Aeva RvwZK Zvì Avw` evmvb iIqvbvi cvvj g~mv (Avt)
ZvìK `~i`wkZvc~Y Dc`kevYx bvb Ges hKvb evav mvnmi
mv_ AwZg Kivi evcvi DrmvwnZ Kib| mv_ mv_ wZwb ZvìK
weMZ w`b Avjvn&i AjwKK mvnvh jvfi K_v iY Kwiq w`q
AfqevYx bvb| hgb Avjvn&i fvlvq,
SR .%10J ,$+[,%1 0E.F.G :`1@ ,$+[,%0". 1' 0.U,F1 ,5+T:` 1<,*0a .

1)1,*0=1 4.*5 00a :`1@.
.B,C0D: *+"5i, 1<,*0a .
>.,%1U0.F: .7 K.0J 1j,
5 ,$0 3 ,$+T.u}. KT,*+"5 ,$+[0".F.G.
Contents
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>.
,11.i ,*51"0=,.-0 ,$+T1C.,0J 40". ,k.u,.u 0f. ,$+[0 ' ..-0T ,A1-? 0.30=5U:
>(~{>~| hN)
Avi hLb g~mv ^xq mc`vqK ejj, n Avgvi mc`vq! Zvgvì
cwZ Avjvn&i AbyMnivwR iY Ki, hLb wZwb Zvgvì ga bexMYK
mw KiQb, ZvgvìK ivRvwacwZ evwbqQb Ges ZvgvìK
Ggb me e w`qQb, hv wekRMZi KvDK `bwb| n Avgvi
mc`vq! cwe f~wgZ (evqZzj gyKvvm kni) cek Ki, hv Avjvn
Zvgvì Rb wbavwiZ Ki w`qQb| Avi Zvgiv cv`w`K
cZveZb Kie bv| ZvZ Zvgiv wZM ne (gvq`vn 5/20-21)|
cwe f~wgi cwiwPwZ :
wewfb iIqvqvZ Abyhvqx evqZzj gyKvvm mn mgM kvg A_vr wmwiqv
Aj cwe f~wgi AMZ| Avgvì ivm~j (Qvt) KZK kvg cwe f~wg
nIqvi welq ewYZ nqQ|41 AvenvIqvMZ w`K w`q wmwiqv cvPxb
Kvj _KB km-kvgj Ges eemv-evwYR mg GjvKv wnmve
LvZ| Rvnjx hyM gvi eemvqxMY wbqwgZ fve Bqvgb I wmwiqvq
h_vg kxZKvj I MxKvj eemvwqK mdi Af wQj| ejv Pj
h, GB `ywU mdii DciB gvevmxì RxweKv wbfi KiZ| m~iv
Kzivqk-q G welq DjwLZ nqQ|
Avjvn m~iv eby BmvCji 1g AvqvZ GB GjvKvK 5)0,*. .:T.C. ev
eiKZgq GjvKv ej AwfwnZ KiQb| Gi eiKZ mg~n wQj wwea:
agxq I cvw_e| agxq w`K eiKZi KviY wQj GB h, G AjwU
nj, Beivnxg, BqvK~e, `vE`, myjvqgvb, Cmv (Avt) mn KqK nvhvi
bexi Rbvb, evmvb, Kgj I gZzvb| g~mv (Avt)-Gi Rb wgmi
njI Zuvi gZz nq GLvb Ges Zuvi Kei nj evqZzj gyvvmi
DcK| wbKUeZx Zxn& cvi g~mv, nviY, BDkv cgyL bex e ermi
41. eyLvix, wZiwghx, Avey`vE`, Avngv`, evqnvKx, wgkKvZ nv/6262, 64, 65, 67, 71,
72 ghv`v mg~n Aavq, Bqvgb, kvg I Iqvqm Kzibxi ghv`v AbyQ`-13|
Contents
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ai ZvInxì cPvi I cmvi NwUqQb| Zuvì cPvii dj AZt

GUzKy wQj Ges GLbI AvQ h, Avie Dcxc Kvb bvwK ev Kvwdi
bB|
AZtci cvw_e eiKZ GB h, wmwiqv Aj wQj wPiKvj Dei GjvKv|
GLvb iqQ AmsL SiYv, engvb b`-b`x Ges AmsL dj-dmji
evM-evwMPv mg~n| wewfb mywg dj Drcv`bi G AjwU mgM
gacvP ejv hvq AZzjbxq| GKwU nv`xQ GmQ, `vvj mgM
cw_exZ wePiY Kie wK PviwU gmwR` cuQZ cvie bv; evqZzjvn,
gmwR` beex, evqZzj gyKvvm I gmwR` Zi|42
g~mv (Avt)-Gi AvMgbKvj evqZzj gyKvvm mn mgM kvg GjvKv
AvgvjKv mc`vqi Aaxb wQj| Zviv wQj KIg Av`-Gi GKwU
kvLv Mv| `wnK w`K w`q Zviv wQj AZ myVvg, ewj I fqven
AvKwZ wewk| Zvì mv_ hy Ki evqZzj gyKvvm AwaKvi Kivi
wb`k g~mv (Avt) I Zuvi mc`vqK Avjvn w`qwQjb| nhiZ BqvKe
(Avt)-Gi wgmi wnRiZi ci KbAvb mn kvg GjvKv AvgvjKvì
Aaxb nq| AvqvZ ewYZ ivRvwacwZ evwbqQb evKwU fwelvYx
nZ cvi, hvi mK g~mv (Avt) Avjvn&i wbKU _K wbwZ Iqv`v
cqwQjb| Ze kZ wQj h, Zviv wRnv` Ki KbAvb `Lj Kie|
A_vr Avjvn&i Dci fimv Ki wRnv` AMmi nj Zviv AekB
Rqjvf Kie| hfve divEbi wei Zviv AjwKK weRq ARb
KiwQj gv wKQzw`b c~e|
AZtci ZvìK Ggb me e Ìqv nqQ, hv weki KvDK Ìqv
nqwb ejZ Zvì Ìqv agxq bZZ I mvgvwRK bZZ DfqK
eySvbv nqQ, hv GK KvDK BwZc~e Ìqv nqwb| GUvI
fwelvYx nZ cvi, hv Zvì eski cieZx bex `vE` I
myjvqgvbi mgq c~YZv jvf KiwQj| Zvì mgqI GUv me wQj,
hw` bvwK Zviv bex g~mv (Avt)-Gi bZZ wRnv` ewiq coZ| wK
nZfvMviv Zv cviwb ejB ewZ nqwQj|
42. Avng`, gyQvbvd Beby Avex kvqev, kvim mybvn; wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/2934|
Contents
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beyAZ-cieZx 4_ cixv : evqZzj gyKvvm Awfhvb

Avjvn cvK g~mv (Avt)-Gi gvag eby BmvCjK AvgvjKv mc`vqi
wei wRnv` Ki kvg `Lj KiZ ejwQjb| mv_ mv_ G
mymsevÌ w`qwQjb h, kvgi f~L Zvì fvM jLv nq MQ
(gvq`vn 5/21)| KvRB Zvgvì weRq mywbwZ| wK GBme wejvmx
Kvcyiliv Avjvn&i K_vq `p wekvm AvbZ cviwb|
g~mv (Avt) Avjvn&i wb`k cvjbi Rb ebx BmvCjK mv_ wbq wgmi
_K kvg AwfgyL iIqvbv njb| h_v mgq Zuviv R`vb b`x cvi nq
Avixnv (CJ) cuQ wkwei vcb Kijb| GwU wQj cw_exi cvPxbZg
gnvbMix mg~ni AbZg, hv R`vb b`x I evqZzj gyKvvmi gaeZx
vb AewZ| hv AvRI ^bvg we`gvb iqQ| g~mv (Avt)-Gi mgq
G knii AZvh RuvK-RgK I wewZ BwZnvm ewYZ nqQ|
wkwei vcbi ci g~mv (Avt) wec `ji Aev I Aevb cheYi
Rb 12 Rb m`viK ciY Kijb| hviv wQjb nhiZ BqvKe (Avt)Gi eviv cyi eskaiMYi evivRb cwZwbwa, hvìK wZwb AvMB
wbevPb KiwQjb ^ ^ Mvi jvKì `Lvbvi Rb (gvq`vn 5/12)|
Zviv iIqvbv nevi ci evqZzj gyKvvm knii DcK cuQj wec
`ji wekvj`nx weKU Pnvivi GKRb jvKi m mvvZ nq|
BmvCjx iIqvqvZ mg~n jvKwUi bvg AvDR Beb IbyK *)
(8 ejv nqQ Ges Zvi AvKvi-AvKwZ I kw-mvnmi AwZiwZ

eYbv mg~n DZ nqQ (Beby KvQxi)| hvB nvK D ew GKvB eby
BmvCji GB evi Rb mi`viK cvKovI Ki Zvì ev`kvn&i KvQ
wbq Mj Ges AwfhvM Kij h, GB jvKwj Avgvì wei hy
Kivi gZje wbq GmQ| ev`kvn Zvi wbKUZg jvKì mv_
civgki ci Gì Qo èvi wmv bb GB Dk h, Giv wMq
Zvì bZvK AvgvjKvì RuvK-RgK I kh-exhi ^P `Lv
Kvwnbx eYbv Kie| ZvZ Iiv fq GgwbZB wcwQq hve| cieZxZ
`Lv Mj h, ev`kvn&i aviYvB mZ cwiYZ nqwQj| GB fxZ-
Contents
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85
Kvcyil m`viiv wRnv` `~i _vK, Iw`K ZvKvbvi wnZI nvwiq

djwQj|
eby BmvCji eviv Rb m`vi AvgvjKvì nvZ _K gy nq
^RvwZi KvQ wdi Gj Ges AvgvjKvì weqKi DbwZ I Awekvm
kw-mvg_i K_v g~mv (Avt)-Gi wbKU eYbv Kij| wK g~mv (Avt)
GZ gvUB fxZ nbwb| KviY wZwb AvMB Anx cv nqwQjb Ges
weRq mK wbwZ wQjb| mgZ wZwb MvbZvì hy cwZ
MnYi wb`k w`jb Ges AvgvjKvì kh-exhi K_v Abi KvQ
cKvk KiZ wbla Kijb| wK `Lv Mj h, BDkv web b~b I
Kvje web BDKbv eZxZ evKx m`viiv Mvcb me duvm Ki w`j
(KziZzex, Beby KvQxi)| dj hv nevi ZvB nj| GB fxZy Avivgwcq RvwZ
GKevi euK emjv|
6120 .H,1 *5G5,t

. 43-. .H0"5i,. ,0 31@. .
,1C3.G K,*0a .H%1 ?61@ 4.*5 .
*+0a
>(~~ hN) >06*+"1i. 3120 .H,1 *5G5,t
3
Zviv ejj, n g~mv! mLvb GKwU cej civv RvwZ iqQ| Avgiv
KLbv mLvb hve bv, h ch bv Zviv mLvb _K ei nq hvq|
hw` Zviv mLvb _K ei nq hvq, Ze wbwZB Avgiv mLvb cek
Kie (gvq`vn 5/22)| A_vr Iiv Pvq h, g~mv (Avt) Zvi gyRhvi
gvag hfve divEbK Wyweq gi Avgvì Dvi Ki GbQb,
Abyicfve AvgvjKvì Zvwoq w`q Zvì cwiZ AvwjKv I
mìvwRi Dci Avgvì gvwjK evwbq w`b| A_P Avjvn&i weavb
GB h, ev`vK Pv KiZ ne Ges Avjvn&i Dci fimv KiZ ne|
wK eby BmvCjiv GK cvI evovZ ivhx nqwb| GgZvevq
0`120 .d.: 5$1H,%0". ,*+"5i, .U1H,%0". ' .$.F,0J 06,*+.t

. .
,1Q? .1 1605G.C 00a
>(~X hN) >.,%11,k $5-,+T :61@ ,*+"?T.*.-0 1' 40".. 06,*510y ,$+[3120 5l,*5U5-:".i.
Zvì gaKvi `yRb Avjvnfxi ew (meZt c~ei `yRb m`vi
neb, hvì ga BDkv ci bex nqwQjb), hvì cwZ Avjvn
AbyMn KiwQjb, Zviv ejj, (g~mv (Avt)-Gi Av`k gZ) Zvgiv
Contents
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86
Iì Dci AvgY Ki (knii g~j) ìRvq cek Ki| (Kbbv

Avgvì wbwZ wekvm h,) hLbB Zvgiv ZvZ cek Kie, ZLbB
Zvgiv AekB Rqx ne| Avi Zvgiv Avjvn&i Dci fimv Ki, hw`
Zvgiv gywgb nq _vK (gvq`vn 5/23)|
wK H `yB bKKvi m`vii K_vi cwZ Zviv `KcvZ Kij bv| eis
AviI DwRZ nq ZvwQji fwZ g~mv (Avt)-K Dk Ki
ejj, 1u0=0 ./k.C. .o0J ,.I:`0 .H%1 ,*5. . K.0J .H0"5i,. ,0 31@ 4.*5 .
>(~Y hN) >06,510a .5I.I 31@ n g~mv! Avgiv KLbvB mLvb cek
Kie bv, hZY Zviv mLvb AvQ| AZGe Zzwg I Zvgvi cvjbKZv
hvI Ges hy Ki M| Avgiv GLvbB em iBjvg (gvq`vn 5/24)| bexi
AevaZvi djîc GB RvwZK 40 eQi Zxn& cvii Dby KvivMvi
e`x _vKZ nq (gvq`vn 5/26)| AZtci GBme `ygwZ bZvì gZzi
ci cieZx eskaiiv nhiZ BDkv web b~b (Avt)-Gi bZZ wRnv`
Ki evqZzj gyKvvm cyb`Lj Ki (KziZzex, Beby KvQxi)|
eby BmvCji GB P~ov eAvèx wQj Kzdixi bvgvi Ges AZ
cxov`vqK| hv cieZxZ cevèvK cwiYZ nq MQ| eìi hyi
mgq klbex gynvv` (Qvt) wKQzUv Abyic Aevq cwZZ nqwQjb|
Achv eevcbv I zr-wccvmvq KvZi A msLK megv gynvwRi
gymjgvbi gvKvejvq wZbY kwmb mymwZ weivU Kzivqk
mbvevwnbxi AvMgb nZPwKZ I AcZ gymjgvbì weRqi Rb
hLb bex gynvv` (Qvt) Avjvn&i wbKU mvnvh cv_bv KiwQjb, ZLb
wgK`v` Bebyj AvmIqv` AvbQvix (ivt) `p cZq wbq ejwQjb, n
Avjvn&i ivm~j! Avgiv KwbKvjI HK_v eje bv, hv g~mv (Avt)-Gi
^RvwZ ZuvK ejwQj, >06,510a .5I.I 31@ 01u0=0 ./k.C. .o,0J ,.I:`0 Zzwg
I Zvgvi cfy hvI hy KiM| Avgiv GLvb em iBjvg (gvq`vn
5/24)| eis Avgiv Avcbvi WvBb, evg, mvgb I wcQb _K ki
AvgY cwZnZ Kie| Avcwb wbw hyi cwZ MnY Kib| wec`
gyn~Z mv_xì Gic exiZeK K_vq Avjvn&i ivm~j (Qvt) AZ cxZ
nqwQjb|43
43. gyeviKcyix, Avi-ivnxKzj gvLZzg, ct 166|
Contents
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wgmi _K wnRiZi KviY :

BDmyd nZ g~mv ch `xN Pvi/cuvPk eQi wgmi Aevbi ci Ges
wbRì weivU RbmsLv QvovI divEbxì e msLK jvK Mvcb
Abymvix nIqv mI Ges g~mv (Avt)-Gi gZ kwkvjx GKRb bexK
cvIqv mI eby BmvCjK Kb ivZi AKvi wgmi _K cvwjq
AvmZ nj? AZtci cw_exi Kv_vI Zviv Avi vqxfve GK
emevm KiZ cviwb, Zvi GKgv KviY wQj wRnv` wegyLZv| GB
wejvmx, fxi I Kvcyili `j divEb I Zvi `jeji fq GZB
fxZ wQj h, Zvì wbziZg wbhvZbi wei Uuz kwU KiZ bv| eis
g~mv (Avt)-Gi KvQ cvv AwfhvM ZzjZv h, Zvgvi KviYB Avgiv
wec` co MwQ| hgb m~iv Avivd 129 AvqvZ G welq
BwZ iqQ| A_P H mgq wgmi gymjgvbi msLv gvU RbmsLvi
10 _K 20 kZvsk wQj|44
wgmi _K ewiq evqZzj gyKvvm bMix `Lji RbI ZvìK hLb
wRnvì Kzg Ìqv nj, ZLbI Zviv GKBfve wcQzUvb w`j| hvi
cwiYwZ Zviv mw`bi bvq AvRI fvM KiQ| eZt wejvmx RvwZ
fxi nq Ges wRnv` wegyL RvwZ KLbvB Kv_vI gv_v DuPz Ki ùvovZ
cvi bv|
wkYxq welq :
g~mv (Avt)-Gi Rxebi GB kl cixvq `kZ: wZwb e_ nqwQjb
ej AbywgZ njI cKZ A_ wZwb e_ nbwb| eis wZwb mKj hyMi
Cgvb`viMYK Rvwbq MQb h, Kej gyRhv ev KvivgZ w`q xb
weRqx nq bv| Zvi Rb cqvRb Avjvn&i Dci `p wekvmx GK`j
gywgbi msNe cPv| Avi GUvB nj wRnv`| 40 eQi ci hLb Zviv
cybivq wRnv` bvgj, ZLbB Zviv weRqx nj| hyM hyM GUvB mZ
nqQ|
evjAvg evEivi NUbv :
wdwjxb `LjKvix Rvevixb Z_v AvgvjKv mc`vqi kwkvjx
bZviv g~mv (Avt) cwiZ 12 Rb cwZwbwaK dir cvwVq wbw
44. gvIjvbv gI`~`x, ivmvqj I gvmvqj 5/250|
Contents
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_vKZ cviwb| KviY Zviv g~mv (Avt)-Gi gyRhvi KviY divEbi

mmb mvMiWywei Lei AvMB RbwQj| AZGe g~mv (Avt)-Gi
evqZzj gyKvvm Awfhvb e Kivi Rb Zviv euvKv c_ Zvjvk Kij|
Zviv AZ Mvcb eby BmvCji H mgqKvi GKRb bvgKiv mvaK I
ìek Avjg evjAvg Beb evEivi (SC* $F") KvQ e
g~jevb DcXKbvw`mn jvK cvVvj| evjAvg Zvi xi Abyiva Zv
MnY Kij| AZtci Zvi wbKU Avmj K_v cvov nj h, wKfve
Avgiv g~mvi Awfhvb VKvZ cvwi| Avcwb c_ evrj w`j Avgiv
AviI gnvg~jevb DcXKbvw` AvcbvK c`vb Kie| evjAvg DuPzìi
Avjg wQj| h mK Zvi bvg bv wbqB Avjvn ejb,
.1 060[0 +60!,%3 5).F.,u0D0 .H,1 .0".0 .1u.

} 5l.,%.u} z1Q? 0D.. ,$1H,%0". +E,u.
>({qb ) >.
,1. :
Avcwb ZvìK wbq w`b mB jvKwUi Aev, hvK Avgiv Avgvì
wb`kb mg~n `vb KiwQjvg| A_P m Zv cwiZvM Ki ewiq Mj|
Avi Zvi wcQb jvMj kqZvb| dj m c_ì Afy nq Mj
(Avivd 7/175)|
Kw_Z AvQ h, evjAvg Bmg Avhg RvbZ| m hv `vAv KiZ, Zv
mv_ mv_ Keyj nq hZ| AvgvjKvì Abyiva I cxovcxwoZ m
Aekl g~mvi wei `vAv Kij| wK Zvi wRnv w`q Dv `vAv
ei nZ jvMj hv AvgvjKvì wei hZ jvMj| ZLb m `vAv
e Kij| wK Ab GK ckvwPK ivv m Zvì evrj w`j| m
ejj, eby BmvCjMYi ga ewfPvi Qwoq w`Z cvij Avjvn Zvì
Dci bvivh neb Ges ZvZ g~mvi Awfhvb e nq hve|
AvgvjKviv Zvi civgk MnY Kij Ges Zvì myìx gqìK eby
BmvCji bZvì mev`vmx wnmve AwZ Mvcb cvwVq w`j| eo
GKRb bZv Gduv` cv w`j| Av Av Zv Abì gaI mswgZ
nj| dj Avjvn&i Mhe bg Gj| eby BmvCjxì ga cM gnvgvix
Contents
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89
`Lv w`j| Kw_Z AvQ h, GKw`bB mi nvhvi jvK gviv Mj| G

NUbvq evKx mevB ZIev Kij Ges c_g c_ bZvK cKvk nZv
Ki ivvi Dci Szwjq ivLv nj| AZtci Avjvn&i Mhe DV Mj|
Gwj BmvCjx eYbv|=(KziZzex I Beby KvQxi Dfq G NUbv eYbv KiQb
D AvqvZi kvb byh~j wnmve| AvqvZi gg eySv hvq h, NUbvi wKQy mviev
iqQ| hwÌ mZ ev wg_v AvjvnB fvjv Rvbb| - jLK)|
meZt mc`vqi bZvì gvMZ AevaZv, kVZv I cvcvPvi

AwZ nq Ges GKmv_ GB weivU Rbkw web nIqvq g~mv (Avt)
evqZzj gyKvvm Awfhvbi msK cwiZvM Kib|
Zxn& cvi 40 eQii e`xZ eiY :
g~mv (Avt)-Gi cwZ AevaZv I wRnv` _K wegyL nIqvi kvw îc
eby BmvCjMYK wgmi I kvg-Gi gaeZx GKwU Dby cvi `xN 40
eQii Rb e`x Kiv nq| Zvì AevaZvq wei I nZvk nq bex
g~mv (Avt) Avjvn&i wbKU cv_bv Kib,
>.,%1=10(: 1<,*0=: .,%.. ..,%. ,c5:0 ,A1i0J. A1:(. ?f1@ 5/1",0J f A71@ 7d.C 00a
>(~b hN)
n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Avwg Kvb gZv ivwL bv Kej Avgvi wbRi
Dci I Avgvi fvBqi Dci eZxZ| AZGe Avcwb Avgvì I
cvcvPvix KIgi ga dvqQvjv Ki w`b (gvq`vn 5/25)| Reve Avjvn
ejb,
1<,*0=: 40". .Z:D.u 00 1B,CR A1 06,*5H,%1-

3 K.. .,%1F.,C0J ,$1H,%0". _.3.95 .H3120 00a
>(~ hN) >.,%1=10(:
G`kwU (evqZzj gyKvvm mn kvg`k) Pwjk eQi ch Zvì Rb
wbwl Kiv nj| G mgq Zviv f~c Dv nq wdie| AZGe Zzwg
Aeva KIgi Rb `ytL Kiv bv (gvq`vn 5/26)| H,%1u 5),%1-
. .l.u A_ Me
Kiv, c_ nvwiq Nviv BZvw`| GLvb _KB D cvii bvg nqQ
Contents
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90
Zxn& (),%1u)| eZt GB Dby KvivMvi bv wQj Kvb cvPxi, bv wQj

Kvb Kvivix| Zviv cwZw`b mKvj DV wgmi AwfgyL iIqvbv nZ|
Avi mvivw`b Pjvi ci ivZ Avevi mLvb GmB DcwZ nZ, hLvb
_K mKvj Zviv iIqvbv nqwQj| wK KvbfveB Zviv A`k Kviv
cvPxi f` Ki hZ cviZ bv| Gfve Pwjk eQi ch nZeyw
Aevq w`wMw`K Nyi GB nVKvix Aeva RvwZ Zvì `ywbqvex kvw
fvM KiZ _vK| hgb BwZc~e b~n (Avt)-Gi Aeva KIg `ywbqvex
kvw wnmve cveY Wye wbw nqwQj| eZt Pwjk eQii `xN
mgqi ga nviY I g~mv (Avt)-Gi wZb eQii weiwZZ gZz nq|
AZtci kvwi gqv` kl cieZx bex BDkv web b~b-Gi bZZ
wRnvì gvag Zviv evqZzj gyvvm Rq mg_ nq Ges mLvb cek
Ki| ewYZ nqQ h, 12 Rb bZvi ga 10 Rb Aeva I fxi bZv
Gwi ga gviv hvq Ges g~mvi AbyMZ BDkv I Kvje `yB bZvB Kej
euP _vKb, hvì nvZ evqZzj gyKvvm wewRZ nq (KziZzex, Beby KvQxi,
Zvdmxi gvq`vn 26)|
Zxn& cvii NUbvejx :
bexi m h eAvèx Zviv KiwQj, ZvZ Avjvn&i Mhe Zvì asm
nq hvIqvUv ^vfvweK wQj| wK Avjvn cvK nqZ G RvwZK AviI
cixv KiZ PqwQjb Ges Avjvn&i Acvi AbyMncy GKwU RvwZ
wbRì AevaZv I nVKvwiZvi dj wKfve Avjvn&i AwfmvrM
nq Ges wKqvgZ ch wPivqx jvbvi wkKvi nq, cw_exi gvbyli
wbKU `v wnmve Zv ck KiZ PqwQjb| wVK hfve `v
nqQ divEb GKRb Aeva I AnsKvix bicwZ wnmve| Avi ZvB eby
BmvCji cixvi gqv` AviI ewaZ nj| wbg Zvì cwZ Avjvn&i
AbyMni wKQz wb`kb ewYZ nj|1. gN viv Qvqv c`vb :
Qvqvk~b Z evjyKv weZ gif~wgZ KvVdvUv iv` mePq cqvRb
hme ei, Zba Qvqv nj mecavb| nVKvix DZi AevaZvq
Contents
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Z-wei g~mv (Avt) `qvciek nq Avjvn&i wbKU wewfb mgq

wewfb cv_bv wbe`b KiQb| `qvjy Avjvn Zuvi `vAv mg~n Keyj
KiQb Ges wewfb mgq wewfbfve Zuvi wekl ingZ mg~n bvwhj
KiQb| Zba GKwU nj Dby Zxn& cvii Dci kvwgqvbv m`k
gNgvjvi gvag kvw`vqK Qvqv c`vb Kiv| hgb Avjvn GB AKZ
RvwZK iY Kwiq w`q ejb, .<.U. : 5$+[,%0". .:"?"0. iY Ki m
K_v, hLb Avgiv ZvgvìK Qvqv `vb KiwQjvg gNgvjvi gvag
(evKvivn 2/57)|
2. SYvavivi cevn :
Qvqvi ciB iZc~Y e nj cvwb| hvi Aci bvg Rxeb| cvwb wenb
ZvZ wccvmvZ DZi AvnvRvwiZ `qv weMwjZ bex g~mv ^xq cfyi
wbKU KvZi K cvwb cv_bv Kijb| KziAvbi fvlvq,
.-.: 5),1 ,j..0(,0 ...9: .].W.F1 ,d1,s .:"+=0 1)1,*0=1 4.,*5 40=,.-, 1`1@.
,*0,F.u 0f. 1' 1c,g7C 1 ,*5.,. ,*+"+T ,$5H..,3 ;Z.+J E+T .$1". ,0a K,%. 0h.,.
>(| h= ) >.
,11:(5 1B,CR A1
Avi g~mv hLb ^xq RvwZi Rb cvwb PvBj, ZLb Avwg ejjvg, Zvgvi
jvwV w`q cv_ii Dci AvNvZ Ki| AZtci Zv _K ewiq Gjv
(12wU Mvi Rb) 12wU SYvaviv| Zvì me MvB wPb wbj (A_vr
g~mvi wb`k Abyhvqx wbaviY Ki wbj) wbR wbR NvU| (Avwg ejjvg,)
Zvgiv Avjvn&i Ìqv wiwhK LvI Avi cvb Ki| Lei`vi hgxb dvmv`
mw Ki ewoqv bv (evKvivn 2/60)|
eZt B`x RvwZ ZLb _K GhveZ cw_ex evcx dvmv` mw KiB
PjQ| Zviv KLbvB Avjvn&i KZZv ^xKvi Kiwb|
3. gvbv I mvjIqv Lv` cwiekb :
gif~wgi eyK Pvlevmi myhvM bB| bB km Drcv`b I evBi wMq
eemv-evwYRi myhvM| KqKw`bi gaB gIRy` Lv` kl nq
Contents
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Mj nvnvKvi co Mj Zvì ga| bex g~mv (Avt) di `vAv

Kijb Avjvn&i KvQ| Gevi Zvì Rb Avmgvb _K bg Gjv
RvbvZx Lv` gvbv I mvjIqv- hv cw_exi Avi Kvb bexi DZi
fvM RyUQ ej Rvbv hvq bv|
gvbv GK cKvi Lv`, hv Avjvn ZvAvjv eby BmvCjì Rb Avmgvb
_K AeZxY KiZb| Avi Zv wQj `yai PqI mv`v Ges gayi PqI
wgw| Avi mvjIqv nQ Avmgvb _K AvMZ GK cKvi cvwL|45
c_gwU w`q iwU I wZxqwU w`q MvkZi Afve wgUZ| ivm~jyjvn
(Qvt) ejQb, 7.U: .1 +h0DU, 0[: KvgAvn nj gvb-Gi Afy|46 GZ
eySv hvq gvb KqK cKvii wQj| BsiRxZ KvgAvn A_ Kiv
nqQ gvkig (Mashroom)| AvaywbK MelYvq ejv nqQ h, gvb
GKcKvi AvVv RvZxq Dcv`q Lv`| hv wKq wcl iwU Zix Ki
Zwi mv_ Avnvi Kiv hvq| mvjIqv GKcKvi PoyB cvwL, hv Hmgq
wmbvB GjvKvq cPzi cvIqv hZ| evOi QvZvi gZ mnRjf I KvB
RvZxq nIqvq meZ GK gvkig-Gi mv_ Zzjbxq gb Kiv nqQ|
Ze gvkig I evOi QvZv m~Y c_K wRwbm| KqK jvL eby BmvCj
KqK eQi ai gvbv I mvjIqv Lq euP wQj| GZ eySv hvq h,
gvb wQj PvDj ev Mgi gZ Kvev-nvBWU-Gi Drm Ges mvjIqv ev
PoB RvZxq cvwLi MvkZ wQj wfUvwgb I Pwei Drm| me wgj Zviv
cwic~Y Lvevi wbqwgZ Lq euP _vKZ mg nqwQj| `wY
BDivci wmwmwjZ, Avie Dcxci BivK I Bivb, Awjqv I
fviZel gvbv RvZxq Lv` Drcb nq|47 Aeva eby BmvCjiv Gjv
wmwiqvi Zxn& cvi 40 eQii e`x Rxeb wecyjfve cqwQj
Avjvn&i wekl ingZ| Cmvi mv_x nvIqvixMY GUv PqwQj (gvq`vn
5/112-115)| wK cqwQj wK-bv, Zv wbwZfve Rvbv hvqwb|
45. Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi m~iv evKvivn 57|
46. wZiwghx, nv`xQ nvmvb; wgkKvZ nv/4569 wPwKrmv I g Aavq|
47. wevwiZ `t Wt BKZ`vi nvmb dviKx, evwbK weklY KziAvb ewYZ Dw`
B,dv,ev, 2008, ct 13-20|
Contents
93
93
`ywbqvq emB RvbvZi Lvevi, G GK AKbxq AwbePbxq Avbì

welq| wK GB nZfvMviv ZvZI Lye ekxw`b Lykx _vKZ cviwb|
Zviv Mg, ZiKvwi, Wvj-cuqvR BZvw` LvIqvi Rb cvMj nq DVjv|
hgb Avjvn ejb,
.,*5U0"0 .. ,$+T.:a.g.C . 1j.7%0O ,1 ,*+"+T e.*:"3. 3.U: 5$+[,%0". .:.v,0J. ...
>(bq h= ) >06,*5U1":
. ,$5H.+(,0J ,*50T ,1[0.
... Avgiv Zvgvì Rb Lvevi cvwVqwQ gvbv I mvjIqv| (Avgiv
ejjvg) Gme cwe e Zvgiv fY Ki (wK Iiv bj bv, wKQz
w`bi gaB Zv ev` Ìqvi Rb I Abvb wbggvbi Lv` Lvevi Rb
wh` aijv)| eZt (Gi dj) Zviv Avgvi Kvb wZ KiZ cviwb,
eis wbRìB wZ mvab KiQ (evKvivn 2/57)|
Avjvn Zvì Dk ejb,
3U1 .0 ,1,t

5 ./3.C .0 5,0 ;1. ;<.F0O .40". .1,W3 0 4.,*5 .
,$5-:"+a :`1@.
,z1Q? 06,*+1,.-,.u0J 00a .H1".W.. .H1... .H1,*+. .H1N?1a. .H1":=. ,1 5B,CR 5o1,5u
5$1H,%0". ,o.15s. ,$5-:0D. 3 ,$+[0 ?6120 K,W1 ,*+!1,I1@ ,%.i .*5I ,z1Q?1 4.,0J .*5I
1' 1j.
1 06,5+(:[
. ,*50T ,$5H30D1 ./10` 1' .7 ;.M. 1 ,5.. +.0[,.U:. +?nQ
>({ h= ) >06,5.-,F
. ,*50T. ,*.W. .U1 ./10` 78.9: 1,%. 1 .,%7%13 06,*+"5-:=
..
hLb Zvgiv ejj, n g~mv! Avgiv GKB aibi Lvì Dci
KLbvB ah aviY KiZ cvie bv| KvRB Zzwg Zvgvi cfyi wbKU
Avgvì c cv_bv Ki wZwb hb Avgvì Rb Ggb Lv`-km `vb
Kib, hv RwgZ Drcb nq; hgb Zwi-ZiKvwi, KvKzo, Mg, imyb,
Wvj, cuqvR BZvw`| g~mv ejjb, Zvgiv Dg Lvì e`j Ggb
Lv` cZ PvI hv wbg ii? Zvnj Zvgiv Ab Kvb kni Pj
hvI| mLvb Zvgiv Zvgvì Pvwn`v gvZveK mewKQz cve (evKvivn
2/61)|
Contents
94
94
4. cvkeZx Rbc` hvIqvi Kzg I Avjvn&i AevaZv :

eby BmvCjMY hLb RvbvZx Lv` ev` w`q `ywbqvex Lv` LvIqvi Rb
evKzj nq wh` ai emjv, ZLb Avjvn Zvì cvkeZx Rbc` hZ
ejjb| hLvb Zvì Pvwn`vgZ Lv`-kmvw` Zviv me`v cv ne|
D Rbc` ceki mgq Avjvn&i Kwiqv Av`vq Kivi Rb wZwb
KZwj Avè I wkvPvi gvb Kivi wb`k w`jb| wK Zviv ZvZ
KYcvZ Kij bv| hgb Avjvn ejb,
.d.: *+"5i,. K0y.C ,$5-:1 +,%. .H,1 ,*+"+[0 0

.,0=: 1l1Q.I ,*+"5i, .:"+a :`1@.
>(b h= ) >.,%11,95U: 5
,1v... ,$+T.
0!.i ,$+[0 ,1(, 3 _?!1 ,*+,*+a3 K35
Avi hLb Avgiv ejjvg, Zvgiv cek Ki G bMixZ Ges GZ
hLvb Lykx Lq ^vQ` wePiY Ki Ges bMixi dUK w`q cek
Kivi mgq wmR`v Ki I ejZ _vK (n Avjvn!) Avgvw`MK gv Ki
`vI- Zvnj Avgiv Zvgvì Acivamg~n gv Ki è Ges
mrKgkxjì Avgiv mZi AwZwifve AviI `vb Kie (evKvivn
2/58)| wK GB Aeva RvwZ GZUzKz AvbyMZ cKvk KiZI ivhx
nqwb| ZvìK Kwiqvi wmR`v KiZ ejv nqwQj Ges Avjvn&i
wbKU gv Pq wnvn (!) A_vr *` 5 A_ev *` !
! Avgvì cvcmg~n cyivcywi gvPb Kib ejZ ejZ kni

ceki wb`k Ìqv nqwQj| wK eAvèxi P~ov mxgvq cuQ
Zviv wnvn-Gi e`j wnb&Zvn (!) A_vr Mgi `vbv ejZ ejZ
Ges wmR`v ev gv_v bxPz Kivi cwieZ wcQb w`K wcV wdi cek
Kij|48 Gi gvag Zviv wbRìK Avjvn c~Rvixi e`j cUc~Rvix
ej cgvY Kij|
GLvb
= lQI ev GB bMix ejZ evqZzj gyKvvmK eySvbv
nqQ| hvi evLv gvq`vn 21 AvqvZ GmQ, 0.30=5U: .B,CR ej|
48. eyLvix nv/3403 bexì Kvwnbx Aavq|
Contents
95
95
Zxn& cvi 40 eQi e`x Rxeb KvUvbvi ci bex BDkv web b~b-Gi
bZZ wRnvì gvag Zviv weRq jvf Ki I bMixZ cek Ki
(Beby KvQxi)| Gfve Zvì `xN e`xZi Aemvb NU|
A_P hw` c_gB Zviv g~mvi Kzg gb wbq wRnv` AeZxY nZ,
Zvnj ZLbB Zviv weRqx nq bMixZ cek KiZ| wK bexi
AevaZv Kivi KviYB Zvì 40 eQi KwVb kvw fvM KiZ nj|
cwikl ZvìK mB wRnv`B KiZ nj, hv Zviv c_g Kiwb
fxiZv I KvcyilZvi KviY| eZt fxi ew I RvwZ KLbv
mvwbZ nq bv| DjL h, evqZzj gyKvvmi D cavb dUKK
AvRI eve wnvn (! d) ejv nq _vK (KziZzex)|
Avjvn ejb,
Kv,G1C ,*5U0"0 .
,1Q? 40". .:.v,0D0 ,$5H0 0E,%1a ,z1Q? .,%0y Kf,*0a :*5U0"0 .
,1Q? 03.0
>(br h= ) >06,*+=5:(
. ,*50T .U1 1S.U3 .7
AZtci hvjgiv m K_v cv w`j, hv ZvìK ejZ ejv nqwQj|
dj Avgiv hvjgì Dci Zvì AevaZvi KviY Avmgvb _K
Mhe bvwhj Kijvg (evKvivn 2/59)| Ze mUv h wK aibi Mhe wQj,
m welq KziAvb cwivi Ki wKQz ejwb| BwZnvmI G evcvi bxie|
Ze mvaviYZt Gwj cM-gnvgvix, eRwbbv`, f~wgK cfwZ nq
_vK| hv wewfb bexi Aeva DZì ejvq BwZc~e nqQ|
wkYxq welq :
wnbZvn I wnvn ejvi gvag Avjvn eev`x I Av`kev`x `ycKvi
gvbyli cv_K Zzj aiQb| eev`xiv e cvIqvi jvf gvbeZvK
I gvbe mfZvK asm Ki| cvi avwgK I Av`kev`xiv Zvì
ag I Av`k ivi Rb eK DrmM Ki| dj gvbeZv iv cvq I
gvbe mfZv vqx nq| evweK c m hyM _K G hyM ch wewfb
bvg eev`xMY gvbeZvi asmKvix wnmve wbRìK wPwZ KiQ|
1g I 2q wekhy Ges eZgvbi BivK I AvdMvwbvb md Zj jyUi
Rb Z_vKw_Z MYZx, agwbic I eev`x ivwji bZvì Kzg
Contents
96
96
Ub K Ub evgv gi jvL jvL wbixn eby Av`gi nZvKv GiB cgvY

enb Ki| A_P Kejgv agB gvbeZvK euvwPq ivL|
ZIivZi kMZ I A_MZ cwieZb :
B`xiv Zvì Gjvnx wKZve ZIivZi kvwK cwieZb bex g~mv (Avt)Gi Rxekvq hgb KiwQj, A_MZ cwieZbI Zviv KiwQj| hgb
g~mv (Avt) hLb Zvì 70 Rb bZvK mv_ wbq Zi cvnvo Mjb|
AZtci Avjvn&i Mhe gZzeiY Ki cybivq Zuvi ingZ RxweZ nq
wdi Gj, ZLbI GB MweZ RvwZ ZIivZ h Avjvn&i bvwhjKZ M G
mv Ìqvi mv_ mv_ GK_vI Ryo w`j h, Avjvn ZvAvjv mekl
GK_vI ejQb h, Zvgiv hZUzKz cvi, Avgj Ki| Avi hv bv cvi Zv
Avwg gv Ki wè| A_P GUv wQj m~Y evbvqvU K_v| Zvì GB
wg_v mvi dj jvKiv ej w`j h, ZIivZi weavb mg~n gb
Pjv Avgvì c me bq|
ZLbB Avjvn&i Kzg dikZvMY Zi cvnvoi GKvsk Dci Zzj ai
Zvì Kzg w`jb, nq Zvgiv ZIivZ gb bvI, bv nq asm nI|
ZLb wbicvq nq Zviv ZIivZ gb bq|49
g~mv (Avt)-Gi gZzi ciI ZIivZ, he~i I Bxj MwjZ Zviv
AmsL kMZ I A_MZ cwieZb NwUqQ| dj GB wKZvewj Avmj
ic Kv_vI Avi cw_exZ Aewk bB| B`xì ZIivZ cwieZbi
aib wQj wZbwU| GK. A_ I ggMZ cwieZb, hv Dci ewYZ nqQ|
`yB. kMZ cwieZb hgb Avjvn ejb, .$1"0[: 06*+7.9
5 :5.I .
1Q? .7
1)1F1s.*3 . B`xì ga GKUv `j AvQ, hviv Avjvn&i KvjvgK

(hLvb klbexi AvMgb msev` I Zuvi Yvejx m^ ewYZ nqQ)
Zvi ^vb nZ cwieZb Ki `q (wbmv 4/46; gvq`vn 5/13, 41)| GB
cwieZb Zviv wbRì `ywbqvex ^v_ kvwKfve Ges ggMZfve
Dfqwea cKvi KiZ| Gfve Zviv KLbv k, KLbv A_ Ges
KLbv ZjvIqvZ (gyL Nywiq wdwiq) cwieZb KiZ| cwieZbi G
49. `t evKvivn 2/63, 93; Avivd 7/171|
Contents
97
97
cKviwj KziAvb I nv`xQ ewYZ nqQ| AvRKvj cvvZi wKQz

msLK LxvbI GK_v wKQz wKQz ^xKvi Ki|50
Avjvn&i wKZvei GBme cwieZb Zvì gaKvi Avjg I hvRK
kYxi jvKivB KiZ, mvaviY gvbyl hvìK A fwi P~ov i
cuQ w`qwQj| hgb Avjvn ejb,
1)1 ,5.-,.%1 1' 1,1 ,1 0Q.I 06,*+,*+=

. 3$+ ,$1H
,1
,0D1 .d.-1[: 06,*55-:[
. .
,1Q?"n _E
,.
>(qr h= ) >K,%1"0a K.U0
asm Hme jvKì Rb hviv wbR nvZ wKZve wjL ejZ, GwU
Avjvn&i c nZ AeZxY nqQ- hvZ Gi wewbgq Zviv mvgvb A_
DcvRb KiZ cvi (evKvivn 2/79)|
Avjvn ejb, 1o,9k"1 06*+?T0J 1d1Q0[:"1 06*53U. GBme jvKiv wg_v
K_v kvbvZ Ges nvivg fY Af (gvq`vn 5/42)| RbMY Zvì
K_vKB mZ fveZ Ges Gi wecixZ wKQzB Zviv bZ PvBZ bv|
Gfve Zviv RbMYi ie-Gi Avmb `Lj KiwQj| hgb Avjvn ejb,
1' 165 ,7 K.,C0J ,$5H..,I5C. ,$5I.C.,0J :+Q.t3u Zviv Zvì Avjg I
ìekMYK ie wnmve MnY KiwQj Avjvn&K ev` w`q (ZIevn
9/31)| Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb, ,$5H0 ,55,
3 :60J ,$5I,55D.
,$0 ,$5H31@
>K.,C0J ./10Q1 ' 5$5I3U.0 ,$5I,*50O0D0 1' 1.%1W,F.U1 ,$5I,5.0J ,1[0. Zviv
ZvìK wmR`v KiZ ejZ bv eU| wK gvbylK Zviv Avjvn&i
AevaZvg~jK KvRi wb`k w`Z Ges Zviv Zv gb wbZ| mKviY
Avjvn ZvìK ie ej AvLvwqZ Kib| Lvb cwZ Av`x web
nvZg hLb ejjb h, ,$I5 55,F. .,0 Avgiv Avgvì Avjg-ìekì
c~Rv Kwi bv| ZLb Zvi Reve ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejb, . 06,*57.9
5 .,%00J
5).,*"195-0 ' .<3. . 06,*"19

5 . 5).,*57.95-0 ' E3J Zviv wK AvjvnKZ
50. gvAvidzj KziAvb, ct 317 MnxZ: Zvdmxi IQgvbx|
Contents
98
98
nvjvjK nvivg Ges nvivgK nvjvj Ki bv? Avi ZvgivI wK mUv

gb bvI bv? Av`x ejjb, nuv| ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejjb, ,$5H5u..1 ./:"1-0
mUvB Zv Iì Bev`Z nj|51
Mvfx Kzievbxi Kzg I nZvKvix wPwZ KiY :
eby BmvCji RbK hyeK Zvi GKgv PvPvZv evbK weq Ki Zvi
PvPvi AMva mwi GKK gvwjK ebZ Pvq| wK PvPv ZvZ ivhx bv
nIqvq m ZvK Mvcb nZv Ki| cii w`b evwnKfve KvbvKvwU
Ki PvPvi ii `vex`vi mR KIgi bZvì KvQ wePvi `q|
wK mvxi Afve Avmvgx kbv Kiv hvwQj bv| BwZga g~mv (Avt)
Anx gvidZ Rb wMqwQjb h, ev`x ^qs Avmvgx Ges mB-B
GKgv nZvKvix| GgZvevq mc`vqi bZviv Gm welqwU
dvqQvjvi Rb g~mv (Avt)-K Abyiva Kij| g~mv (Avt) ZLb Avjvn&i
Kzg gvZveK h dvqQvjv w`jb, m welq Avjvn ejb, ,$5-:".-0a :`1@.
06,*5U5-:[.u ,$5-,+T 3 1,t5 '. .H,%1 ,$5u:J.C30 K:(. hLb Zvgiv GKRbK
nZv Ki ci m mK GK AciK `vqx KiwQj| A_P Avjvn Zv
cKvk Ki w`jb, hv Zvgiv Mvcb KiZ PvwQj (evKvivn 2/72)|
wKfve Avjvn mUv cKvk Ki w`jb, Zvi weeiY wbgic:
hLb g~mv ^xq KIgK ejjb, Avjvn ZvgvìK GKUv Mvfx hen
KiZ ejQb| Zviv ejj, Avcwb wK Avgvì mv_ Dcnvm KiQb?
wZwb ejjb, Rvwnjì Afy nIqv _K Avwg Avjvn&i Avkq cv_bv
KiwQ (evKvivn 67)| Zviv ejj, Zvnj Avcwb Avcbvi cvjbKZvi
wbKU Avgvì Rb cv_bv Kib, hb wZwb ej `b, MvfxwU Kgb
ne? wZwb ejjb, Avjvn ejQb MvfxwU Ggb ne, hv bv eyox bv
eKbv, eis `yqi gvSvgvwS eqmi ne| GLb Zvgvì hv Av`k
Kiv nqQ, Zv mi dj (68)| Zviv ejj, Avcbvi cfyi wbKU
51. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/2471; Avngv`, evqnvKx, Beby Rvixi cgyL|
Contents
99
99
Avgvì c _K cv_bv Kib h, MvfxwUi is Kgb ne| wZwb

ejjb, Avjvn ejQb, MvfxwU ne PKPK Mvp cxZ eYi, hv
`kKì Pz kxZj Kie (69)| jvKiv Avevi ejj, Avcwb Avcbvi
cfyi wbKU Avgvì c cv_bv Kib, hvZ wZwb ej `b h,
MvfxwU wKic ne| Kbbv GKB isqi mv`kc~Y Mvfx AbK iqQ|
Avjvn Pvn Zv Gevi Avgiv AekB mwVK w`kv cq hve (70)| wZwb
ejjb, Avjvn ejQb, m MvfxwU Ggb ne, h KLbv f~wg KlY ev
cvwb mPbi kg Af bq, myVvg`nx I Luyrnxb| Zviv ejj,
GZY Avcwb mwVK Z_ GbQb| AZtci Zviv mUv hen Kij|
A_P Zviv (gbi _K) Zv hen KiZ PvwQj bv (evKvivn 2/67-71)|
Avjvn ejb, AZtci Avwg ejjvg, henKZ Mii MvkZi GKwU
UzKiv w`q gZ ewi jvki Mvq AvNvZ Ki| Gfve Avjvn gZK
RxweZ Kib Ges ZvgvìK Zuvi wb`kb mg~n c`kb Kib| hvZ
Zvgiv wPv Ki (evKvivn 2/73)|
ejv evj, MvkZi UzKiv w`q AvNvZ Kivi mv_ mv_ gZ jvKwU
RxweZ nj Ges Zvi nZvKvix fvwZRvi bvg ej w`q cybivq gviv
Mj| aviYv Kiv Pj h, g~mv (Avt) mgZ kvw weavb Kib Ges
nZvKvix fvwZRvK nZvi gvag wKQvQ Av`vq Kib|
wK GZeo GKUv AjwKK NUbv cZ KiI GB nVKvix KIgi
`q Avjvn&i cwZ AbyMZ nqwb| ZvB Avjvn ejb, ,7 ,$+[5,*+"+a ,o.0a 3$+
Kh.*,0a k.0J ,0J 1h.C.19:0T .A1H0 ./10` 1,F. AZtci Zvgvì `q k nq

Mj| hb Zv cv_i, GgbwK Zvi PqI k... (evKvivn 2/74)|
Mvfx Kzievbxi NUbvq wkYxq welq mg~n :
(1) GLvb c_g h welqwU dzU DVQ, mwU GB h, Avjvn&i Dci
c~Yic fimv Kij AbK mgq hywMvn ei evBii welq viv mZ
cKvwkZ nq| hgb GLvb Mii MvkZi UzKiv gi gZK RxweZ
Contents
100
100
Kivi gvag nZvKvix kbv Kivbvi eev Kiv nj| A_P welqwU
wQj hyw I ^vfvweK vbi weivax|
(2) gag eqmx Mvfx Kzievbxi ga BwZ iqQ h, bwZKfve gZ
RvwZK cybRxweZ KiZ nj c~Y bwZKZv mb Cgvb`vi hyekwi
P~ov ZvM I Kzievbx AvekK|
(3) bex-ivm~jMYi AvbyMZ Ges Zuvì c` kviC weavb mnRfve
gb bIqvi gaB RvwZi gj wbwnZ| weZK wj nj weavb
KVvi nq Ges Avjvn&i Mhe Aekvex nq| hgb eby BmvCjMY hw`
c_g wb`k Abyhvqx hKvb GKUv Mvfx hen KiZ, Ze ZvZB h_
nZ| wK Zviv hZ ekx ck KiQ, ZZ ekx weavb KVvi nqQ|
GgbwK Aekl nZvKvix wPwZ njI Avjvn&i va Zvì
`qjv cv_ii gZ k nq MQ|
(4) GB iZc~Y I wkYxq NUbvK wPi RvMiK Ki ivLvi Rb
Avjvn cvK Mvfxi bvg m~iv evKvivn bvgKiY Kib| GwUB KziAvbi
286wU AvqvZ mg mePq eo I eiKZgwZ m~iv| GB m~ivi dhxjZ
welq ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejb, Zvgiv Zvgvì MnwjK Kei cwiYZ
Kiv bv| wbqB kqZvb H Ni _K cvwjq hvq, h Ni m~iv evKvivn
cvV Kiv nq|52 G m~ivi ga AvqvZzj Kzimx (255 bs AvqvZ) iqQ,
hvK ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) kZg ($) AvqvZ ej eYbv KiQb|53
wPivqx Mhe cwZZ nIqv :
bex g~mv (Avt)-Gi m evievi eAvèx I AevaZvi cwiYvg Ges
Avjvn&i AvqvZ mg~nK A^xKvi I cieZxZ bexMYK Abvq fve
nZvi KviY Avjvn Zvì Dci wPivqx Mhe I Awfmvr bvwhj
Kijb| Avjvn ejb, 1' .7 ;.M. 1 ,5.. +.0[,.U:. +?nQ 5$1H,%0". ,o.15s.
52. gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2119 KziAvbi dhxjZ mg~n Aavq|
53 . gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2122|
Contents
101
101
Avi Zvì Dci jvbv I cigyLvcwZv AvivwcZ nj Ges Zviv

Avjvn&i ivlvbj cwZZ nj (evKvivn 2/61)|
Beby KvQxi ejb, G jvbv I Aegvbbvi cKwZ nj, B`xiv me`v
cZ ev civfve Acii `vmZi ksLj Ave _vKe| G gg
m~iv Avj Bgivb Avjvn ejb, ;E,.91 ?f1@ :*+(1=+ . .
,0J +?nQ 5$1H,%0". ,o.15s
1Z3 .7 ;E,.. 1' .7 Zvì Dci jvbv AvivwcZ nj hLvbB
Zviv Aevb KiK bv Kb| Ze Avjvn c` I gvbe c` gvag
eZxZ (Avj Bgivb 3/112)| Avjvn c` gvag ejZ eySvbv nqQ,
hvìK Avjvn wbR wPib weavb Abyhvqx Avkq I Afq w`qQb|
hgb wk I igYxKzj Ges Ggb mvaK I DcvmKMY, hviv hy-weMn
_K `~i _vKb| Giv wbivc` _vKe| AZtci gvbe c` gvag
nj, Abi mv_ kvw Pzwi gvag wbivcv jvf Kiv, hv gymjgvb ev
Ab hKvb RvwZi mv_ nZ cvi| hgb eZgvb Zviv AvgwiKv I
cvvZ kw ejqi mv_ MvUQov eua wUK AvQ|
B`xì Dci wPivqx Mhe bvwhji evcvi m~iv Avivd Avjvn ejb,
?61@ 1d0Q.F: RS,*5 ,$5H5,*5

3 . 1..%1=: 1<,*
. 401@ ,$1H,%0". 30.F,.%0 ./k.C 06?`0D.u :`1@.
>({q ) >$,%13C C,*+(. 0 5)31@. 1d0=1F: 5p
,1.0 ./3.C
iY Ki m mgqi K_v, hLb Zvgvi cfy Rvwbq w`qwQjb h,
wbqB wZwb Zvì (B`xì) Dci ciY KiZ _vKeb wKqvgZ
ch Ggb me kvmK, hviv Zvì cwZ cuQvZ _vKe KwVb kvw
mg~n| wbqB Zvgvi cfy `Z e`jv MnYKvix Ges wbqB wZwb
gvkxj I `qvevb (Avivd 7/167)|
Dciv AvqvZ mg~ni AvjvK Avgiv B`xì Dci weMZ I
eZgvb hyMi jvbv I Aegvbbvi `xN BwZnvm chvjvPbv KiZ cvwi|
Ze GLvb GZUzKz ejv AvekK h, nvhvi eQi ai emevmKvix
Contents
102
102
wdwjxbi vqx gymwjg bvMwiKì Zvwoq w`q 1948 mvj _K

eUb, AvgwiKv, ivwkqv cgyL Af kw ejqi gvag hei`w
g~jKfve cwZwZ Z_vKw_Z BmvCj bvgK iv g~jZt Kvb ivB
bq| eis gacvPi Zjfvvi wbRì Kivq ivLvi Rb enr
kweMi wekl Ki AvgwiKv I eUbi NuvwU ev A`vg gv| enr
kwjv nvZ wUq wbj Zviv GKgvmI wbRi kwZ wUKZ cvie
wK-bv m`n| GZB KziAvbx mZ 1Z3 .7 ;E,. ev gvbe c`
gvag-Gi eve ic cKvwkZ nq| BbkvAvjvn G gvagI Zvì wQb
ne Ges ZvìK GB cwe f~wg gymjgvbì nvZ Qo w`q Ab
Pj hZ ne A_ev Bmjvg Keyj Ki kvwZ emevm KiZ ne|
g~mv I wLwhii Kvwnbx :
G NUbvwU eby BmvCji m mwKZ bq| eis NUbvwU ewMZfve
g~mv (Avt)-Gi m RwoZ| wcZv Beivnxg (Avt) mn eo eo bexivm~jMYi Rxeb c` c` cixv w`Z nqQ| g~mv (Avt)-Gi Rxeb
GUvI wQj Abyic GKwU cixv| h cixvq vbxì Rb wkYxq
welq mg~n iqQ| AvbylwK weeiY ` cZxqgvb nq h, NUbvwU Zxn&
cvii Dby e`xkvjvq _vKvKvjxb mgq NUwQj| NUbvwU wbgic:
Qnxn eyLvix I gymwjg nhiZ DevB web Kve (ivt) cgyLvr ivm~jyjvn
(Qvt) nZ ewYZ nv`xQ nZ54 Ges m~iv Kvnd 60 nZ 82 ch
23wU AvqvZ ewYZ weeiY _K hv Rvbv hvq, Zvi msw mvi wbg
weeZ nj|NUbvi cvcU :
ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejb, GKw`b nhiZ g~mv (Avt) eby BmvCji GK
mfvq fvlY w`wQjb| Ggb mgq RbK ew ck Kij, jvKì
ga Avcbvi Pq AwaK vbx KD AvQ wK? H mgq hnZz g~mv
wQjb k bex Ges Zuvi Rvbv gZ Avi KD Zuvi PvBZ AwaK vbx
wQjb bv, ZvB wZwb mijfve bv m~PK Reve `b| RevewU Avjvn&i
54. eyLvix nv/4725-27 cfwZ; Zvdmxi Aavq I Abvb; gymwjg, nv/6165 dvhvqj
Aavq 46 AbyQ`|
Contents
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103
cm` nqwb| Kbbv GZ wKQzUv AnsKvi cKvk cqwQj| dj Avjvn

ZuvK cixvq djjb| Zuvi DwPr wQj GK_v ejv h, AvjvnB
mevwaK AeMZ| Avjvn ZuvK ejjb, n g~mv! `yB mgyì
mshvMj AevbKvix Avgvi GK ev`v AvQ, h Zvgvi Pq AwaK
vbx| GK_v b g~mv (Avt) cv_bv Ki ejjb, n Avjvn! AvgvK
wVKvbv ej w`b, hvZ Avwg mLvb wMq vb jvf KiZ cvwi|
Avjvn ejjb, _ji ga GKwU gvQ wbq bvI Ges `yB mgyì
mgji (meZt jvwnZ mvMi I f~gamvMii wgjbj) w`K
mdi ewiq co| hLvb cuQvi ci gvQwU RxweZ nq ewiq hve,
mLvbB Avgvi mB ev`vi mvvr cve| g~mv (Avt) ^xq fvwMbv I
wkl (Ges cieZxKvj bex) BDkv web b~bK mv_ wbq ewiq
cojb| cw_ga GK vb mvMiZxi cv_ii Dci gv_v iL `yRb
Nywgq cob| nVvr mvMii XDqi wQUv gvQi Mvq jvM Ges gvQwU
_ji ga RxweZ nq boPo IV I _j _K ewiq mvMi wMq
co| BDkv Nyg _K DV GB weqKi `k cZ Kib| wK g~mv
(Avt) Nyg _K DVj ZuvK GB NUbv ejZ fyj Mjb| AZtci
Zviv Avevi c_ PjZ i Kijb Ges GKw`b GKivZ Pjvi ci Kv
nq GK vb wekvgi Rb emjb| AZtci g~mv (Avt) bvkZv w`Z
ejjb| ZLb Zvi gvQi K_v gb coj Ges Ihi ck Ki Avbyc~weK
me NUbv g~mv (Avt)-K ejjb Ges ejjb h, kqZvbB AvgvK
GK_v fywjq w`qwQj (Kvnd 18/63)| ZLb g~mv (Avt) ejjb, H
vbwUB Zv wQj Avgvì Me j|
dj Zuviv Avevi mc_ wdi Pjjb| AZtci mLvb cuQ `LZ
cjb h, GKRb jvK Avcv`-gK Pvì gywo w`q q AvQ| g~mv
(Avt) ZvK mvjvg Kijb| jvKwU gyL ei Ki ejjb, G`k
mvjvg? K Avcwb? ejjb, Avwg eby BmvCji g~mv| Avcbvi KvQ
_K H vb ARb KiZ GmwQ, hv Avjvn AvcbvK weklfve `vb
KiQb|
wLwhi ejjb, Avcwb Avgvi mv_ ah aviY KiZ cvieb bv n g~mv!
Avjvn AvgvK h vb `vb KiQb, Zv wZwb AvcbvK `bwb| cv
i AvcbvK wZwb h vb `vb KiQb, Zv AvgvK `bwb| g~mv
Contents
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104
ejjb, Avjvn Pvnb Zv Avcwb AvgvK ahkxj cveb Ges Avwg

Avcbvi Kvb Av`k Agvb Kie bv (Kvnd 18/69)| wLwhi ejjb,
hw` Avcwb Avgvi AbymiY KibB, Ze Kvb welq AvgvK ck
Kieb bv, h ch bv Avwg wbR m mK AvcbvK wKQz ewj|
(1) AZtci Zuviv PjZ jvMjb| wKQz `~i wMq b`x cvi nIqvi Rb
GKUv bKv cjb| AZtci bKv _K bvgvi mgq ZvZ wQ` Ki
w`jb| kviC weavbi AwaKvix bex g~mv welqwUK gb wbZ cvijb
bv| Kbbv webv `vl Abi bKv wQ` Ki Ìqv fveB Abvq|
wZwb ejB djjb, wbqB Avcwb GKUv iZi g` KvR Kijb|
ZLb wLwhi ejjb, Avwg wK c~eB ewjwb h, Avcwb Avgvi mv_ ah
aviY KiZ cvieb bv| g~mv gv PvBjb| BwZga GKUv Kvjv
PoB cvwL Gm bKvi GK cv emj Ges mgy` _K GK Pz cvwb
Zzj wbj| m w`K BwZ Ki wLwhi g~mv (Avt)-K ejjb, AU"
lC= C*(WF QI Uy C= f@ ' $" 8N $" /U"

Avgvi I Avcbvi Ges mg mwRMZi vb wgwjZfve Avjvn&i
vbi gyKvwejvq mgyì eyK _K cvwLi PzZ DVvbv GK duvUv
cvwbi mgZzj|55
(2) Zvici Zuviv mgyì Zxi eq PjZ _vKjb| wKQz `~i wMq Zuviv
mvMicvo Ljvq iZ GK`j evjKK `Ljb| wLwhi Zvì ga
mePq myì I eywgvb QjwUK ai Gb wbR nvZ ZvK nZv
Kijb| G `k `L g~mv AvrK DV ejjb, GwK! GKUv wbvc
wkK Avcwb nZv Kijb? G h geo Mvbvni KvR| wLwhi
ejjb, Avwg Zv c~eB ejwQjvg, Avcwb ah aviY KiZ cvieb
bv| g~mv Avevi gv PvBjb Ges ejjb, Gici hw` Avwg Kvb ck
Kwi, Zvnj Avcwb AvgvK Avi mv_ ivLeb bv (Kvnd 18/75)|
55. eyLvix nv/4727|
Contents
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105
(3) AZtci Zviv PjZ jvMjb| Aekl hLb GKwU Rbc`

cuQjb, ZLb Zvì KvQ Lvevi PvBjb| wK Zviv Zvì
AvwZ_qZv KiZ A^xKvi Kij| AZtci Zviv mLvb GKwU
cZbvbyL cvPxi `LZ cq mUvK mvRv Ki ùvo Kwiq w`jb|
ZLb g~mv ejjb, Avcwb BQv Kij Zvì KvQ _K Gi wewbgq
cvwikwgK wbZ cviZb| wLwhi ejjb ./+7.+D. ./1,%.. A1,%. 5c.1 0Q.I
K,.x 1),%0". ,p1!.-,.u ,$0 . 1E

1:D.-1 GLvbB Avgvi I Avcbvi ga
mKQ` nj| GLb hme welq Avcwb ah aviY KiZ cvibwb,
Avwg mwji Zvrch ej w`wQ (Kvnd 18/78)|
Zvrch mg~n :
c_gZt bKv wQ` Kivi welq| mUv wQj KqKRb wgmKxb `wi`
ewi| Zviv G w`q mgy` RxweKv A^lY KiZ| Avwg mwUK wQ`
Ki w`jvg GRb h, H Aj wQj GK hvjg ev`kvn| m
ejcqvM jvKì bKv wQwbq wbZ| wbqB wQ` bKv m wbe
bv| dj `wi` jvKwj bKvi mvgvb wU mi wbq ci Zvì
KvR jvMvZ cvie|
wZxqZt evjKwUK nZvi evcvi| Zvi wcZv-gvZv wQj Cgvb`vi|
Avwg AvksKv Kijvg h, m eo nq Aeva ne I Kvdi ne| hv
Zvi evc-gvqi Rb wdrbvi KviY nq ùvove| ZvB Avwg PvBjvg h,
`qvjy Avjvn Zvi wcZv-gvZvK Gi e`j Dg mvb `vb Kib, h
ne mrKgkxj I we Pwii AwaKvix| h Zvi wcZv-gvZvK kvw
`vb Kie|
ZZxqZt cZbvbyL cvPxi mvRv Ki Ìqvi evcvi| D cvPxii
gvwjK wQj bMixi `yRb wcZnxb evjK| H cvPxii bxP Zvì
bKKvi wcZvi iwZ ab wQj| Avjvn PvBjb h, evjK `ywU hyeK
nIqv ch cvPxiwU Lvov _vK Ges Zviv Zvì cvc ab nMZ
KiK| (wLwhi ejb,) ,e1 ,0J ,. 5)5-:".F0 .. eZt Avwg wbR BQvq G
mei wKQzB Kwiwb (Kvnd 18/82)|
Contents
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106
wkYxq welq :
(1) eo hyjyg _K euvPvbvi Rb Kvi Dci QvU-LvU hyjyg Kiv hvq|
hgb bKv wQ` Kiv _K Ges evjKwUK nZv Kiv _K cgvwYZ
nq| Ze kixAvZ gynvv`xZ Gwj meB mvgvwRK wewa-weavb viv
wbqwZ| wekl Ki nZvKvi gZ welq GKgv ivvbygvw`Z wePvi
KZc eZxZ Kvi Rb Abygvw`Z bq| (2) wcZv-gvZvi mrKgi
dj mvbivI cq _vK| hgb mrKgkxj wcZvi iL hvIqv ab
Zvi mvbiv hvZ cvq, mRb wLwhi mvnvh Kijb| ZvQvov G
welqI BwZ iqQ h, Avjg I mrKgkxjMYi mvbì cwZ
mKjiB mn civqY nIqv KZe| (3) gvbyl AbK mgq AbK
welqK fvj gb Ki| wK mwU Zvi Rb wZi KviY nq| hgb
Avjvn ejb,
,$+[? m. .*5I. K,%. ,*k195u 60J 4... ,$+[? ,%.i .*5I. K,%. ,*5I.:[.u 60J 4..
>(~{ h= ) >6*5U0",F.u 0f ,$5-0J. 5$0",F
. '.
Zvgiv AbK welqK Acm` Ki| A_P mwU Zvgvì Rb
KjvYKi| Avevi AbK welq Zvgiv fvj gb Ki, wK mwU
Zvgvì Rb wZKi| eZt AvjvnB cKZ Aev Rvbb, Zvgiv
Rvbv bv (evKvivn 2/216)| ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejb, U" ' 41M:=
.f
) i 6T f ;SMa Avjvn Zvi gywgb ev`vi Rb hv dvqQvjv

Kib, Zv Kej Zvi gji RbB nq _vK|56
(4) AZtci AviKwU gwjK welq GLvb iqQ h, g~mv I wLwhii
G wkniYg~jK KvwnbxwU wQj AvMvMvov GKwU wekl cwkYi
ewntcKvk| _ji gaKvi giv gvQ RxweZ nq jvwdq jvwdq mvMi
Pj hvIqv hgb mvaviY wbqg ewnf~Z welq, Zgwb Avjvn cvK Kvb
56. Avngv` nv/12929 mb` Qnxn, -AvibvEZ|
Contents
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107
dikZvK wLwhii ic aviY Ki g~mvK wkv Ìqvi RbI cvwVq

_vKZ cvib| hvK wZwb mvgwqKfve kixAvZx Bjgi evBi
AjwKK I AZxw`q vb w`q cvwVqwQjb, hv g~mvi vbi evBi
wQj| Gi viv Avjvn g~mv mn mKj gvbyli vbi ^Zvi K_v Rvwbq
w`qQb|
(5) ev`vi Rb h AnsKvi wbwl, A NUbvq mUvB mePq eo
wkYxq welq|
wLwhi K wQjb?
KziAvb ZuvK .1.1 ,7 K,. Avgvì ev`vì GKRb (Kvnd 18/65)
ejv nqQ| eyLvix kixd Zuvi bvg wLwhi (Mi) ej DjL Kiv
nqQ| mLvb ZuvK bex ejv nqwb| RbkwZ gZ wZwb GKRb Ijx
wQjb Ges gZz nq MjI GLbI gvbyli ek ai hKvb mgq
hKvb gvbyli DcKvi Kib| dj Rj I mvMi e wec`vc`
_K euvPvi Rb AvRI AbK wLwhii Amxjv cvevi Rb Zvi
Dk gvbZ Ki _vK| Gme aviYvi cmvi NUQ g~jZt eo eo
cvPxb gbxlxì bvg wewfb Zvdmxii KZve DjwLZ wKQz wKQz
wfwnxb KK_vi Dci wfw Ki|
hviv ZvK bex ejb, Zvì `vexi wfw nj, wLwhii ee 5)5-:".F0 ..
,z1,0J ,. Avwg Gme wbRi gZ Kwiwb (Kvnd 18/82)| A_vr mewKQz
Avjvn&i wb`k KiwQ| AjxMYi Kvk&d-Bjnvg kixAvZi `jxj
bq| wK bexMYi ^cI Avjvn&i Anx nq _vK| hRb Beivnxg
(Avt) ^xq cyK hen KiZ D`Z nqwQjb| AZGe evjK nZvi
gZ NUbv Kejgv bexi cB me, Kvb Ajxi c Av` bq|
wK mLvbI ck _K hvq h, bex KLbv kixAvZ weivax KvR
KiZ cvib bv| H mgq kixAvZavix bex I ivm~j wQjb nhiZ g~mv
(Avt)| Avi m KviYB wLwhii kixAvZ weivax KvR `L wZwb
evievi cwZev`gyLi nq DVwQjb| G evcvi mevB GKgZ h,
wLwhi Kvb KZveavix ivm~j wQjb bv, ev Zuvi Kvb DZ wQj bv|
Contents
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108
GLvb Avgiv hw` welqwUK KziAvbi cKvk A_i Dci Qo w`B

Ges ZuvK Avjvn&i GKRb ev`v wnmve MY Kwi, huvK Avjvn&i
fvlvq KU:"1 35? 1 5l.,U?". . .11 ,1 K.U,.C 5l.,%.u} Avgiv Avgvì c
nZ wekl ingZ `vb KiwQjvg Ges Avgvì c nZ w`qwQjvg
GK wekl vb (Kvnd 18/65)| Zvnj wZwb bex wQjb wK Ajx
wQjb, wZwb GLbv euP AvQb, bv gviv MQb, Gme weZKi Avi
Kvb AeKvk _vK bv| hfve g~mvi gvqi wbKU Avjvn Anx (A_vr
Bjnvg) KiwQjb Ges hvi dj wZwb Zvi m` cm~Z mvb g~mvK
ev fi mvMi wbc KiZ mvnmx nqwQjb (Zvqvnv 20/38-39)
Ges hfve wRexj gvbyli ic ai Gm ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv_
ckvii gvag QvnvexMYK xbi cwkY w`qwQjb57 GKB
aibi NUbv g~mv I wLwhii nIqvUvI weqKi wKQz bq|
gb ivLv AvekK h, jvKgvb AZ DuPzìi GKRb vbx gvbyl
wQjb| Zuvi vbc~Y Dc`kmg~n KziAvb ewYZ nqQ Ges Zvi bvg
GKwU m~iv bvwhj nqQ| wK wZwb bex wQjb bv| jvKgvbK Avjvn
hgb wekl wnKgZ `vb KiwQjb (jvKgvb 31/12)| wLwhiKI
Zgwb wekl Bj&g `vb KiwQjb (Kvnd 18/65)| GUv wewP wKQy bq|
mskq wbimb
(1) g~mv (Avt)-Gi wm`yK I bexMYi Qwe :
evKvivn 248 : 5j,*53- 5$+[.%1u:D
3 60J 1)1[:"5 0
.} ?61@ Zvì bex (kvgyqj)
ZvìK ejjb (Zvj~Zi) ivRv nIqvi wb`kb GB h, Zvgvì
wbKU mB Zve~Z (wm`yK) Avme...|
GLvb Zve~Z-Gi evLvq (K) Zvdmxi RvjvjvBb ejv nqQ,
><J 4" ' )vJ S% C*x )% 6T cW mB wm`yK, hv
Avjvn Av`g (Avt)-Gi Dci bvwhj Kib Ges hvi ga iqQ
57. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/2|
Contents
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109
bexì Qwemg~n| (L) Zvdmxi Kvkkvd ejv nqQ, AI j*-
) QT ` \ ZJT ZJC \ j*a

J Gg )% oT hC*x
6G D Zve~Z nj GKwU g~wZ, hvi ga heiR` I BqvK~Z
gwY-gyv mg~n iqQ| D Zve~Zi gv_v I jR gv weovji gv_v I
jRi bvq, hvi `ywU Wvbv iqQ| (M) Zvdmxi evqhvexZ ejv
nqQ, U @ <} S% hC*x )% ZvZ bexMYi Qwe iqQ
Av`g (Avt) _K gynvv` (Qvt) ch|
(N) BmjvwgK dvDkb evsjv`k cKvwkZ evbyev` KziAvb kixd
(ct 63 UxKv 170) ejv nqQ, weagxì wei hy cwiPvjbv Kvj
nhiZ g~mv (Avt) Bnv myL vcb KwiZb|
Dci ewYZ Kvb evLvB KziAvb I nv`xQ mZ bq| eis cKZ K_v
GB h, GwU nj Avjvn&i Kzg gvZveK g~mv (Avt)-Gi Zix mB
wm`yK, hvi ga Zuvi jvwV, ZvIivZ Ges Zuvi I nviY (Avt)-Gi
cwiZ Abvb cwe emg~n msiwZ wQj| eby BmvCjMY GwUK
eiKZ wnmve I weRqi wb`kb wnmve gb KiZ|
(2) ZvIivZi cv mg~n :
Avivd 145 : nE+[n K%,1W:(.u3 K01,*3 ;S,A. nE+T ,1 1.*:0D: A1 5)0 .,.-0T.
;S,A. Avgiv Zvi (g~mv) Rb djK (ZvIivZ cvmg~n) mKj welq

Dc`k I evLvmg~n wjL w`qwQ| Gi evLvq Zvdmxi
RvjvjvBb ejv nqQ, Gg J C oT hC*- *J zJ
h J F g J A_vr ZvIivZi djK mg~n, hv wQj RvbvZi

c mg~n ev heiRv` A_ev hygyi`, hv wQj 7wU A_ev 10wU| A_P
Gme K_vi Kvb wfw bB| H djKwji msLv KZ wQj, wK w`q
Zix wQj, KZUyKy Zvi `N-c wQj, wK w`q I wKfve mLvb jLv
wQj, Gwj welq Rvbv ev Zvi Dci Cgvb Avbvi Kvb evaevaKZv
Avgvì Dci bB| KziAvb-nv`xQ Gwelq Pzc iqQ| AvgivI G
welq Pzc _vKe| eZt Gwj md BmvCjx KKvwnbx gv|
Contents
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g~mv I divEbi KvwnbxZ wkYxq welq mg~n :

1. Avjvn hvjg kvmK I ewìK wbw` mgq ch AeKvk w`q
_vKb| wK Zviv mskvwaZ bv nj mivmwi Avmgvbx ev hgxbx Mhe
ciY Kib A_ev Ab Kvb gvbylK w`q ZvK kvw `b I hyjyg
cwZiva Kib| hgb Avjvn DZ divEbi KvQ c_g g~mvK
cvVvb| 20 eQii ekx mgq ai ZvK Dc`k Ìqvi ciI Ges
bvbvwea Mhe cvwVqI Zvi JZ `wgZ bv nIqvq Aekl mvMiWywei
Mhe cvwVq Avjvn ZvìK mg~j DrLvZ Kib|
2. `ywbqv`vi mgvRbZviv me`v hvjg kvmKì mnhvMx _vK|
cvi ghj~g xb`vi ewMY me`v xb`vi mgvR msviK bZZi
gyLvcx _vK|
3. `ywbqv jvfx Av`vjb wbRK Ac` I mgvRK asm Ki|
cvi AvLivZ wcqvmx Av`vjb wbRK mvwbZ I mgvRK DbZ
Ki| hgb `ywbqv`vi kvmK divEb wbRK I wbRi mgvRK asm
KiQ Ges wbR Ggbfve Ac` nqQ h, Zvi bvg KD wbR
mvbi bvg ch ivLZ Pvq bv| cvi g~mv (Avt)-Gi xbx
Av`vjb ZuvK I Zuvi Cgvb`vi mv_xìK wek gvS vqx mvb `vb
KiQ|
4. `ywbqvZ hvjg I ghj~g DfqiB cixv nq _vK| hvjg Zvi
hyjygi Pig mxgvq cuQ Mj ZvK asm Kiv nq| Abyicfve
ghj~g mevevq Avjvn&i Dci fimv Kij wbw` mgq ZvK mvnvh
Kiv nq| AwaK ciKvj m RvbvZ jvf ab nq|
5. xb`vi msviKK me`v Avjvn&i mvnvhi Dci wbfikxj _vKZ
nq Ges K_vq I AvPiY mvgvbZg AnsKvi cKvk Kiv nZ weiZ
_vKZ nq| g~mv I wLwhii NUbvq Avjvn G cwkY w`q mevBK
mK_v eywSq w`qQb|
6. Anxi weavbi AevaZv Kij Avjvn&i ingZcv RvwZI wPivqx
Mhei wkKvi nZ cvi| eby BmvCjMY Zvi RjRv cgvY|
bexMYi wkvi weivwaZv Kivq Zvì Dci _K Avjvn&i ingZ DV
hvq Ges Zviv wPivqx Mhe I jvbvi wkKvi nq| ewi I GwU
Contents
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GKBfve chvR| BmvCjx ìek Avjg evjAvg evEivi NUbv Gi

cK cgvY|
7. wRnv` wegyL RvwZ KLbvB mvb I ghv`v wbq `ywbqvq euvPZ cvi
bv| Avi mKviYB wgmixq RbMYi 10 nZ 20 kZvsk nIqv mI
eby BmvCjMYK ivZi AKvi m`k Qo cvwjq AvmZ nq|
AZtci wRnv` A^xKwZ vcb Kivq Zviv Zvì wcZf~wg evqZzj
gyKvvm AwaKvi e_ nq| hvi kvw îc `xN Pwjk eQi hveZ Zxn
cvii Dby KvivMvi Zviv e`xZ eiY eva nq| Aekl bex
BDkv-i bZZ wRnv` KiB Zvì wcZf~wg `Lj KiZ nq|
8. msviKK RvwZi wbKU _K jvbv fvM KiZ nq| `ywbqvq Zuvi
wbt^v_ mx nvZ MYv wKQz jvK nq _vK| ZuvK md Avjvn&i Dci
fimv KiB PjZ nq| wewbgq wZwb AvLivZ cyiZ nb I cieZx
eskaii wbKU hyM hyM ai ciYvi Drm nq _vKb| hgb g~mvi
cKZ mv_x wQjb Zvi fvB nviY I fvwMbv BDkv web b~b| evKx
AwaKvsk wQj ZvK K `vbKvix I ^v_ci mv_x | g~mv (Avt) ZvB `ytL
Ki Zvi KIgK ejb, ,$+[,%01@ 1' +,*5.C ,A70J 06,*5U0",F3u 0a. ,A1.,+`,5u .$1
Kb Zvgiv AvgvK K `vI? A_P Zvgiv Rvbv h, Avwg Zvgvì
wbKU Avjvn&i cwiZ ivm~j (Qd 61/5)|
Dcmsnvi :
g~mv I nviY (AvjvBwngvm mvjvg)-Gi `xN Kvwnbxi gvag bexì
Kvwnbxi GKUv weivU Ask mgv nj| nviY I g~mvi RxebxZ ew
g~mv I Mvx eby BmvCji Dvb-cZbi h NUbvejx weeZ nqQ, Zv
ixwZgZ weqKi I wkniY g~jK| GKB mv_ Zv gvbexq Pwii wZ
I gayi bvbvwea eveZvq gyLi| mgvR msviK I mgvR mPZb
hKvb cvVKi Rb G Kvwnbx ne LyeB wkYxq I ZvrchgwZ|
GY Avgvì DwPZ ne Gi AvjvK mgvR msvi eZx nIqv Ges
Mfxi ahi mv_ Avgvì ^ ^ cwievi, mgvR I RvwZK Awn-i
weavbi AvjvK Mo Zvjv| Avjvn Avgvì myc_ c`kb KibAvgxb!
Contents
112
112
16. nhiZ BDbym (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)

nhiZ BDbym web gvv (Avt)-Gi K_v cwe KziAvbi gvU 6wU m~ivi
18wU AvqvZ58 ewYZ nqQ| m~iv BDbym 98 AvqvZ Zuvi bvg BDbym,
m~iv Avw^qv 87 AvqvZ hyb-b~b (6* `) Ges m~iv Kjg 48 AvqvZ
ZuvK Qvneyj n~Z (j* x) ejv nqQ| b~b I n~Z Dfqi
A_ gvQ| hyb-b~b I Qvneyj n~Z A_ gvQIqvjv| GKwU wekl NUbvi
cwZ wZwb D bvg cwiwPZ nb| mvgb Zv weeZ ne|
BDbym (Avt)-Gi KIg :
BDbym (Avt) eZgvb BivKi g~Qj bMixi wbKUeZx bxbvIqv (e*%)
Rbcì Awaevmxì cwZ cwiZ nb| wZwb ZvìK ZvInxì
`vIqvZ `b Ges Cgvb I mrKgi cwZ Avnvb Rvbvb| wK Zviv Zuvi
cwZ AevaZv c`kb Ki| evievi `vIqvZ w`q cZvLvZ nj
Avjvn&i Kzg wZwb GjvKv ZvM Ki Pj hvb| BwZga Zvi KIgi
Dci Avhve bvwhj nIqvi c~evfvm `Lv w`j| Rbc` ZvM Kivi mgq
wZwb ej wMqwQjb h, wZbw`b ci mLvb Mhe bvwhj nZ cvi|
Zviv fvej, bex KLbv wg_v ejb bv| dj BDbymi KIg fxZ-m
nq `Z Kzdi I wkiK nZ ZIev Ki Ges Rbcì mKj Avevje-ewYZv Ges Mevw`c me wbq Rj cvwjq hvq| mLvb wMq
Zviv evPvì I Mevw`c wjK c_K Ki `q Ges wbRiv Avjvn&i
ìevi KvqgbvwP KvbvKvwU i Ki `q| Zviv mev:KiY ZIev
Ki Ges Avmb Mhe nZ Avjvn&i Avkq cv_bv Ki| dj Avjvn
Zvì ZIev Keyj Kib Ges Zvì Dci _K Avhve DwVq bb| G
welq Avjvn ejb,
,$5H,. .:(.0T ,*5.} 3U0 .5,*

5 .<,*0a ?f1@ .H5.1@ .H.F0(.0 ,o..} _
.,0a ,o.0T 0f,*0"0
>(r *
) >;,%1 401@ ,$5I.,F3-.. .%,k 1h.%.9: A1 1z,v1t: .d0Q.
58. h_vg (1) m~iv wbmv 4/163; (2) AvbAvg 6/86; (3) BDbym 10/98; (4) Avw^qv
21/87-88; (5) QvddvZ 37/139-148; (6) Kjg 68/48-50| megvU = 18wU \
Contents
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113
AZGe Kvb Rbc` Kb Ggb nj bv h, Zviv Ggb mgq Cgvb wbq

AvmZ, hLb Cgvb Avbj Zvì DcKvi AvmZ? Kej BDbymi KIg
eZxZ| hLb Zviv Cgvb Avbj, ZLb Avgiv Zvì Dci _K cvw_e
Rxebi AcgvbRbK Avhve Zzj wbjvg Ges ZvìK wbavwiZ mgq
ch RxebvcKiY fvM Kivi AeKvk w`jvg (BDbym 10/98)| A
AvqvZ BDbymi KIgi cksmv Kiv nqQ|
Iw`K BDbym (Avt) fewQjb h, Zuvi KIg Avjvn&i Mhe asm nq
MQ| wK ci hLb wZwb RvbZ cvijb h, Av` Mhe bvwhj nqwb,
ZLb wZwb wPvq cojb h, GLb Zvi KIg ZvK wg_vev`x fvee
Ges wg_vev`xi kvw wnmve c_v Abyhvqx ZvK nZv Kie| ZLb
wZwb Rbc` wdi bv wMq Ab wnRiZi Dk ewiq cojb|
G mgq Avjvn&i Kzgi Acv KivUvB hywhy wQj| wK wZwb Zv
Kibwb|
gvQi cU BDbym :
Avjvn ejb,
.1 060[0 .$.I.0 >16,*59,.U: 1/:"+(: 401@ .8.0J :`1@ >.,%1".,5U: .1U0 .5*5
?61@.
>({Y~>{Xr jW) >$,%1"5 .*5I. 5j,*59: 5).U0=.-:0 >.,%1M.,5U:
Avi BDbym wQj cqMîMYi GKRb| hLb m cvwjq hvx evSvB
bKvq wMq cuQj| AZtci jUvixZ m AKZKvh nj| AZtci
GKwU gvQ ZvK wMj djj| GgZvevq m wQj wbRK wavi
`vbKvix (QvddvZ 37/139-142)|
Avjvn&i Kzgi Acv bv Ki wbR^ BRwZnvì wfwZ BDbym
(Avt) wbR KIgK Qo GB wnRiZ ewiqwQjb ejB A AvqvZ
ZvK gwbei wbKU _K cjvqbKvix ejv nqQ| hwÌ evnZ GUv
Kvb Aciva wQj bv| wK cqMî I bKUkxjMYi gZev AbK
Ea| ZvB Avjvn Zvì QvU-LvU wUi RbI cvKovI Kib| dj
wZwb Avjvn&i cixvq cwZZ nb|
Contents
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114
wnRiZKvj b`x cvi nIqvi mgq gvS b`xZ nVvr bKv Wye hvevi
Dcg nj gvwS ejj, GKRbK b`xZ dj w`Z ne| bBj
mevBK Wye giZ ne| GRb jUvix nj cici wZbevi Zuvi bvg
Avm| dj wZwb b`xZ wbw nb| mv_ mv_ Avjvn&i Kzg
weivUKvq GK gvQ Gm ZuvK wMj dj| wK gvQi cU wZwb nhg
nq hvbwb| eis GUv wQj Zuvi Rb wbivc` Kq`Lvbv (Beb KvQxi,
Avw^qv 87-88)| gvIqv`x ejb, gvQi cU Aevb KivUv ZuvK kvw
`vbi Dk wQj bv| eis Avè wkv`vbi Dk wQj| hgb wcZv
Zvi wk mvbK kvmb Ki wkv w`q _vKb (KziZzex, Avw^qv 87)|
BDbym (Avt) gvQi cU KZ mgq ev KZw`b wQjb, m welq
gZf` iqQ| hgb- (1) GK Nv wQjb (2) wZwb c~ev cek
Ki Aciv ewiq Avmb (3) 3 w`b wQjb (4) 7 w`b wQjb (5)
20 w`b wQjb (6) 40 w`b wQjb|59 Avmj GBme gZfì Kvb
iZ bB| Kbbv Gmei iPwqZv nj B`x MKviMY| cKZ NUbv
Avjvn fvj Rvbb|
BDbym Kb gvQi cU Mjb?
G welq RbK AvaywbK gydvmwmi ejb, wimvjvZi `vwqZ cvjb wU
NUvq Ges mgqi c~eB GjvKv ZvM Kivq ZvK GB cixvq coZ
nqwQj| Avi bex Pj hvIqvi KviYB Zvi mc`vqK Avhve `vb
Avjvn mZ nbwb| A_P cyiv `wKvYUvB fyj| Kbbv Kvb bex
_KB Zuvi beyAZi `vwqZ cvjb wUi Kbv Kiv bexMYi
wbvcZi AvKx`vi Nvi wecixZ| eis wZbw`b ci Avhve Avme,
Avjvn&i c nZ Gic wb`kbv cq Zuvi KzgB wZwb GjvKv ZvM
KiwQjb| Avi Zvi KIg _K Avhve DwVq bIqv nqwQj Zvì
AvwiK ZIevi KviY, bex Pj hvIqvi KviY bq|60
59. Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 1/218 ct; KziZzex, Zvdmxi m~iv QvddvZ 144|
60. `t Zvdmxi gvAvidzj KziAvb (evbyev`, mscvwqZ) ct 617-18|
Contents
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115
BDbym gyw cjb :

Avjvn ejb,
S1 ..F:1 5l.:Q..0 >06,*+.F,

5 1<,*
. 401@ 1)1:!. ,A1 010"0 >.,%197.5U: .1 060T 5)30J 0f,*0"0
,0J ;L:0J 101 401@ 5l.:".,C0J. >;,%1!:=
3 7 Kh... 1),%0". .,-.0J. >$,%1=. .*5I.
>({Y>{YX jW) >;,%1 401@ ,$5I.,F3-.U0 ,*5.0 >06,5
,1v
.
AZtci hw` m Avjvn&i YMvbKvixì Afy bv nZ(QvddvZ
143)| Zvnj m wKqvgZ wèm ch gvQi cUB _vKZ?
(144)|AZtci Avgiv ZvK GKwU weRb cvi wbc Kijvg, ZLb
m iM wQj(145)| Avgiv Zvi Dci GKwU jZv wewk e DMZ
Kijvg(146)| Ges ZvK j ev Z`vwaK jvKi w`K ciY
Kijvg(147)| Zviv Cgvb Avbj| dj Avgiv ZvìK wbavwiZ mgq
ch Rxeb DcfvM Kivi myhvM w`jvg (QvddvZ 37/143-148)|
AvjvP AvqvZ wKqvgZ wèm ch m gvQi cUB _vKZ-Gi A_
m Avi RxweZ ewiq AvmZ cviZv bv| eis gvQi cUB Zvi Kei
nZ Ges mLvb _KB wKqvgZi w`b Zvi cybivb nZ|
Ab Avjvn Zuvi klbexK Dk Ki ejb,
f0 ,*0 ><,*+:[. .*5I. e.. :`1@ 1j,*59: 11.W0T ,+[.u 0f. ./7.C 1$:[591 ,1,x0
.1 5)0".F.0 5)k.C 5l..-,G0 ><,*5:Q. .*5I. 1S..F:1 0Q150 1)73C 7 _.U,F1 5)0T.C..u :60J
>(b|>Y $"=) >.,%1913W
Zzwg Zvgvi cvjbKZvi Av`ki Acvq ah aviY Ki Ges
gvQIqvjvi (BDbymi) gZ nqv bv| hLb m `ytLvKzj gb cv_bv
KiwQj| hw` Zvi cvjbKZvi AbyMn ZvK mvgvj bv w`Z, Zvnj m
wbw`Z Aevq Rbk~b cvi co _vKZ| AZtci Zvi cvjbKZv
ZvK gbvbxZ Kijb Ges ZvK mrKgkxjì Afy Ki wbjb
(Kjg 68/48-50)|
hw` Avjvn&i AbyMn ZvK mvgvj bv w`Z, Zvnj m wbw`Z Aevq
Rbk~b cvi co _vKZ-Gi A_ Avjvn hw` ZvK ZIev Kivi
Contents
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ZvIdxK bv w`Zb Ges Zvi `vAv Keyj bv KiZb, Zvnj ZvK

RxweZ Aevq b`x Zxi gvwUi Dci djZb bv| hLvb MvQi cvZv
Lq wZwb cyw I kw jvf Kib| eis ZvK gZ Aevq b`xi Kvb
evjyPi dj ivLv nZ, hv Zvi Rb jvi nZ|
AZtci Zvi cvjbKZv ZvK gbvbxZ Kijb A_ GUv bq h,
BwZc~e Avjvn BDbymK gbvbxZ Kibwb; eis GUv nj eYbvi
AvMwcQ gv| KziAvbi e vb Gic iqQ| GLvb Gi evLv GB
h, BDbym gvQi cU wMq gv cv_bv Kivq Avjvn ZvK cybivq KvQ
Uvbjb I mrKgkxjì Afy Kijb|
Ab BDbymi z nq wbR Rbc` Qo Pj Avmv, gvQi cU e`x
nIqv Ges H Aevq Avjvn&i wbKU gv cv_bv Kiv mK Avjvn ejb,
f? 60J 1j.U+" A1 e..0 1),%0". .C1:=. ,? 60J 300 K 1s. 5 ..I0` :`1@ 16,*k 0`.
7$. : .1 5l.,%3.. 5)0 .,..-,0 >.,%1U1? .1 5o,+T ,A71@ ./..9,5 .o,0J ?f1@ .)01@
>( >q S% )>.,%11,5U: A1,5 ./10Q0T.
Ges gvQIqvjv (BDbym)-Gi K_v iY Ki, hLb m (Avjvn&i
AevaZvi KviY jvKì Dci) z nq Pj wMqwQj Ges wekvmx
wQj h, Avgiv Zvi Dci Kvbic K `vbi wmv be bv|61
AZtci m (gvQi cU) Nb AKvii ga Avnvb Kij (n
Avjvn!) Zzwg eZxZ Kvb Dcvm bB| Zzwg cwe| Avwg mxgv
jsNbKvixì Afy| AZtci Avgiv Zvi Avnvb mvov w`jvg Ges
ZvK `ywv nZ gy Kijvg| Avi GfveB Avgiv wekvmxì gyw
w`q _vwK (Avw^qv 21/87-88)|
61. AwaKvsk Zvdmxi M GLvb Abyev` gvivZK fyj Kiv nqQ| hgb (1) evbyev`
Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi ejv nqQ wZwb gb KiwQjb Avwg Zvi Dci Kvb gZv
ivwL bv| A_P Kvb bex KLbv Avjvn mK Gic aviYv KiZ cvib bv| GLvb
Abyev`K KzìZ gvvn _K kv_ KiQb, hUv GLvb fyj ay bq eis Abvq|
(2) mE`x miKvi cKvwkZ evbyev` Zvdmxi gvAvidzj KziAvb ejv nqQ, wZwb
gb KiwQjb h, Avwg ZvK aZ KiZ cvie bv (3) GKB gg Abyev` Kiv nqQ
mE`x miKvi cKvwkZ D`~ Zvdmxi Ges (4) Avyjvn BDmyd Avjx Abyw`Z BsiRx
Zvdmxi|
Contents
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117
BDbym (Avt)-Gi D `vAv `vAvq BDbym bvg cwiwPZ| ivm~jyjvn

(Qvt) ejb,
@ ./..9,5 oJ f@ )@ ^) 1j* ! *I 5)3.C :`@ 6* e` +h*
lC 5)0 .d..-, ?f@ ;SA $" _EGC 5,
. (w 5oT
>eQ-
wec`M Kvb gymjgvb hw` (bK gKQ~` nvwQji wbwg) D `vAv
cvV Ki, Ze Avjvn Zv Keyj Kib|62 ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejb,
1, .5,*5
,7 i A7@ : 0*=
3 6J ; F ,A1 .,
. ' S% J w ,*+"7M0(5u f
>)%" 8(- 43-.
Zvgiv Avjvn&i bexMYi ga ghv`vi ZviZg Kiv bv| Avi Kvb
ev`vi Rb GUv ejv DwPZ bq h, Avwg BDbym web gvvi PvBZ
Dg|63 KziZzex Gi evLvq ejb, Avjvn&i ivm~j (Qvt) GUv GRb
ejQb h, wZwb hgb (wgivR) wmìvZzj gybZvnvq Avjvn&i
wbKUeZx nqwQjb, b`xi AKvi Mf gvQi cUi ga Zgwb
Avjvn BDbym-Gi wbKUeZx nqwQjb (KziZzex, Avw^qv 87)| eZt GUv
wQj ivm~ji wbinsKvi ^fve I webqi ewntcKvk gv|
Dciv AvqvZ mg~n cZxqgvb nq h, BDbym (Avt) gvQi cU
_vKvi ci Avjvn&i Kzg b`xZxi wbw nb| gvQi cU _vKvi
dj ^vfvweKfveB wZwb iM wQjb| H Aevq mLvb DMZ jvD
RvZxq MvQi cvZv wZwb LqwQjb, hv cywmg wQj| AZtci my
nq wZwb Avjvn&i Kzg wbR KIgi wbKU Pj hvb| hvì msLv
GK j ev Zvi ekx wQj| Zviv Zuvi Dci Cgvb Avbjv| dj
cybivq wkiKx KgKv wj bv nIqv ch Avjvn ZvìK AbyMn
Kib Ges `ywbqv fvM Kivi myhvM `b|
62. wZiwghx nv/3752 `vAv mg~n Aavq, 85 AbyQ`; wgkKvZ nv/2292 `vAv mg~n
Aavq Avjvn&i bvg mg~n AbyQ`-2|
63. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/5709-10, wKqvgZi Aev Aavq, mwi m~Pbv I
bexMYi AvjvPbv AbyQ`- 9|
Contents
118
118
wkYxq welq mg~n :

(1) wev KIgi `yeenvi AwZ nq ZvìK Qo Pj hvIqv
Kvb mgvR msviKi DwPZ bq|
(2) Avjvn Zvi bK ev`vi Dci kvw Avivc Kieb bv, hKvb
msKU Gic `p wekvm ivLZ ne|
(3) Avjvn&i cixv wKic ne, Zv cixv AvMgbi GK mK c~eI
Rvbv hve bv|
(4) KwVbZg Ki gyn~Z Kejgv Avjvn&i KvQB mvnvh PvBZ
ne|
(5) LvjQ ZIev I AvKzj cv_bvi dj AbK mgq Avjvn Mhe DwVq
wbq _vKb| hgb BDbymi KIgi Dci _K Avjvn Mhe
wdwiq wbqwQjb|
(6) Avjvn BQv Kij hKvb cwiek Cgvb`viK iv Ki _vKb|
(7) c-cx, e-jZv I RjPi cvYx mevB Avjvn&i Kyg Cgvb`vi
ewi mevq wbqvwRZ nq| hgb gvQ I jZv RvZxq MvQ
BDbymi mevq wbhy nqwQj|
(8) evn`wZ Kvb e Lvive gb njI bKKvi ewi Rb Avjvn
Dg dvqQvjv Ki _vKb| hgb jUvixZ b`xZ wbci wmv
wbRi Rb AZxe Lvive gb njI Avjvn BDbymi Rb Dg
dvqQvjv `vb Kib I ZvK gy Kib|
(9) Avjvn&i cwZ AvbyMZ eZxZ `vAv Keyj nq bv| hgb Mfxi
msKU wbcwZZ nevi AvM I ci BDbym Avjvn&i cwZ
AvbyMZkxj wQjb| dj Avjvn Zvi `vAv Keyj Kib|
(10) Avjvn&i cwZwU Kg Zvi bKKvi ev`vi Rb KjvYKi nq
_vK| hv ev`v m m eySZ bv cvijI ci eySZ cvi|
hgb BDbym ci eySZ ci Avjvn&i cwZ AwaK AbyMZ nb Ges
GRb wZwb Avjvn&i cwZ AwaK cZveZbkxj (d30J) ej Avjvn&i
cksmv cvb|
Contents
119
119
17. nhiZ `vE` (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)

wecyj kw I ivgZvi AwaKvix bex wQjb gv `yRb| Zuviv njb
wcZv I cy `vE` I myjvqgvb (Avt)| eZgvb wdwjxb mn mgM BivK
I kvg (wmwiqv) GjvKvq Zuvì ivRZ wQj| cw_exi AZzjbxq gZvi
AwaKvix nqI Zuviv wQjb me`v Avjvn&i cwZ AbyMZ I m`v KZ|
mKviY Avjvn Zvi klbexK mvbv w`q ejb, 06*+*+=
. . 40". ,1,x
>({q )>d30J 5)31@ 1

,0D: 0` .5. ..,. ,+T:`. Zviv hme K_v ej
ZvZ Zzwg Qei Ki Ges Avgvi kwkvjx ev`v `vE`K iY Ki| m
wQj Avgvi cwZ m`v cZveZbkxj (Qvqv` 38/17)| `vE` njb
Avjvn&i GKgv ev`v, hvK Lykx nq wcZv Av`g ^xq eqm _K 40
eQi KU ZvK `vb Kivi Rb Avjvn&i wbKU mydvwik KiwQjb Ges
mgZ `vEì eqm 60 nZ 100 eQi ew cvq64
DjL h, nhiZ `vE` (Avt) mK KziAvbi 9wU m~ivq 23wU
AvqvZ ewYZ nqQ|65 wZwb wQjb klbex (Qvt)-Gi AvMgbi cvq
ò nvhvi eQii c~eKvi bex66 `vE` Kej ivgZv nvZ cqB
kwkvjx nbwb, eis wZwb RbMZfveB wQjb `wnKfve kwkvjx
Ges GKB mv_ Cgvbx kwZ ewjqvb| wbgv NUbvq Zv ewYZ
nqQ|Rvj~Z I Zvj~Zi Kvwnbx Ges `vEì exiZ :
mvMiWywe _K bvRvZ cq g~mv I nviY (Avt) hLb eby BmvCjì
wbq kvg Gjb Ges kvwZ emevm KiZ _vKjb, ZLb Avjvn
ZvìK Zvì wcZf~wg wdwjxb wdi hvevi Av`k w`jb Ges
wdwjxb `LjKvix kwkvjx AvgvjKvì m wRnvì wb`k
w`jb| mv_ mv_ G Iqv`vI w`jb h, wRnv` bvgjB Zvgvì
64. wZiwghx, nvmvb Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/118, Cgvb Aavq ZvK`xi wekvm AbyQ`-3|
65. h_vg (1) evKvivn 2/251; (2) wbmv 4/163; (3) gvq`vn 5/78; (4) AvbAvg
6/84; (5) Bmiv 17/55; (6) Avw^qv 21/78-80; (7) bgj 27/15-16; (8) mvev
34/10-11,13; (9) Qvqv` 38/17-26= 10; gvU 23wU AvqvZ|
66. Zvdmxi gvAvidzj KziAvb ct 990|
Contents
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120
weRq `vb Kiv ne (gvq`vn 5/23)| wK GB fxZz I wRnv` wegyL

wejvmx RvwZ Zvì bex g~mvK cwivi ej w`j, ./k.C. .o0J ,.I:`
>(~b hN)>06,510a .5I.I 31@ 1u0=0 Zzwg I Zvgvi ie wMq hy Ki

M| Avgiv GLvb em iBjvg (gvq`vn 5/24)| GZeo eAvèxi ci
g~mv (Avt) Zvì evcvi wbivk njb Ges wKQz w`bi gaB `yfvB
cici wZb eQii eeavb gZz eiY Kijb|
wRnvì Av`k Agvb Kivi kvw îc wgmi I kvgi gaeZx Zxn
cvi Pwjk eQi hveZ Dby KvivMvi AwZevwnZ Kivi ci g~mvi
wkl I fvwMbv Ges cieZxZ bex BDkv web b~bi bZZ wRnv`
msNwUZ nq Ges AvgvjKvì nwUq Zviv wdwjxb `Lj Ki| wK
wKQzw`bi ga Zviv cybivq wejvwmZvq Mv fvwmq `q Ges bvbvwea
AbvPvi wj nq| ZLb Avjvn Zvì Dci cybivq AvgvjKvì
Pvwcq `b| eby BmvCjiv Avevi wbMnxZ nZ _vK| Gfve e w`b
KU hvq| GK mgq kvgyqj (E
*) bexi hyM Avm| jvKiv ej
Avcwb Avgvì Rb GKRb mbvcwZ `vbi Rb Avjvn&i wbKU `vAv
Kib, hvZ Avgiv Avgvì c~ei HwZn wdi cvB Ges eZgvb `y`kv
_K gyw cvB| GB NUbv Avjvn Zvi klbexK wbqQb wbgv
fvlvq-
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Zzwg wK g~mvi ci eby BmvCjì GK`j bZvK `Lwb, hLb Zviv
Zvì bexK ejwQj, Avgvì Rb GKRb kvmK ciY Kib, hvZ
Avgiv (Zvi bZZ) Avjvn&i c_ hy KiZ cvwi| bex ejjb,
Zvgvì cwZ wK Ggb aviYv Kiv hvq h, jovBqi wb`k w`j
Contents
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Zvgiv jovB Kie? Zviv ejj, Avgvì wK nqQ h, Avgiv Avjvn&i

c_ jovB Kie bv? A_P Avgiv weZvwoZ nqwQ wbRì Ni-evwo I
mvb-mwZ nZ! AZtci hLb jovBqi wb`k nj ZLb mvgvb
KqKRb Qvov evKxiv mevB wdi Mj| eZt Avjvn hvjgì fvj
KiB Rvbb (evKvivn 2/246)| NUbvwU wQj wbgic:-
5 :"5U: 5)0 +6*+[

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Zvì bex Zvì ejjb, wbqB Avjvn Zvj~ZK Zvgvì Rb
kvmK wbhy KiQb| Zviv ejj, mUv Kgb Ki nq h, Zvi kvmb
Pje Avgvì Dci| A_P AvgivB kvmb gZv cvIqvi AwaK
nK`vi| ZvQvov m ab-mì w`K w`qI mQj bq| RIqve bex
ejjb, wbqB Avjvn Zvgvì Dci ZvK gbvbxZ KiQb Ges
^v I vbi w`K w`q ZvK cvPyh `vb KiQb| eZt Avjvn hvK
BQv ivR `vb Kib| wZwb njb cvPzh `vbKvix I me| bex
ZvìK ejjb, Zvj~Zi bZZi wb`kb GB h, Zvgvì KvQ
(Zvgvì KvswLZ) wm`yKwU Avme Zvgvì cfyi c nZ
Zvgvì `qi ckvw ic| Avi ZvZ _vKe g~mv, nviY I Zvì
cwievi eMi eeZ wKQz cwiZ mvgMx| wm`yKwUK enb Ki
Avbe dikZvMY| GZB Zvgvì (kvmKi) Rb wbwZ wb`kb
iqQ, hw` Zvgiv wekvmx nI (evKvivn 2/247-248)|
welqwU GB h, eby BmvCjMYi wbKU GKUv wm`yK wQj| hvi ga
Zvì bex g~mv, nviY I Zuvì cwievii eeZ wKQz cwiZ mvgMx
wQj| Zviv GUvK LyeB eiKZgq gb KiZ Ges hyKvj GK myL
Contents
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ivLZ| GKevi AvgvjKvì mv_ hyi mgq eby BmvCjMY civwRZ

nj AvgvjKvì ev`kvn Rvj~Z D wm`yKwU wbq hvq| GY hLb
eby BmvCjMY cybivq wRnvì msK Kij, ZLb Avjvn ZvìK D
wm`yK wdwiq w`Z gb Kijb| AZtci GB wm`yKwUi gvag
Zvì gaKvi bZZ wbq SMovi wbimb Kib| wm`yKwU Zvj~Zi
evoxZ AvMgbi NUbv GB h, Rvj~Zi wb`k Kvdiiv hLvbB
wm`yKwU ivL, mLvbB `Lv `q gnvgvix I Abvb wec`vc`|
Ggwbfve Zvì cuvPwU kni asm nq hvq| Aekl AwZ nq Zviv
GK Zvi cKZ gvwjKì KvQ cvwVq èvi wmv wbj Ges Mii
MvoxZ DwVq nuvwKq w`j| ZLb dikZvMY Avjvn&i wb`kgZ
Mii MvoxwUK Zvwoq Gb Zvj~Zi Nii myL iL w`j| eby
BmvCjMY GB `k `L mevB GKevK Zvj~Zi bZZi cwZ
AvbyMZ c`kb Kij| AZtci Zvj~Z AvgvjKvì wei hy
cwiPvjbvi cwZ i Kijb|
mKj cwZ mb nj wZwb Kw_Z gZ 80,000 nvhvi mbv`j wbq
iIqvbv nb| Beby KvQxi GB msLvq m`n cvlY Ki ejb,
z`vqZb wdwjxb f~wgZ GB wekvj mbv`ji msKzjvb nIqvUv Ame
evcvi|67 A eq ZiY `vE` wQjb D mbv `ji m`m|
cw_ga mbvcwZ Zvj~Z Zvì cixv KiZ PvBjb| myLB wQj
GK b`x| gmyg wQj cP Migi| wccvmvq wQj mevB KvZi| G
welqwU KziAvb eYbv KiQ wbgic:
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67. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 2/8; Avgiv gb Kwi vb msKzjvb eo K_v
bq| hyUvB eo K_v| Kbbv Avgiv `LwQ h, cieZxZ Gi cvkB AvRbv`vBb I
Bqvig~K hy 2,40,000 ivgK mbi gyKvwejvq gymjgvbiv 40,000 mb wbq hy
KiQ I weRqx nqQ (H, 7/7)|
Contents
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AZtci Zvj~Z hLb mb`j wbq ei nj, ZLb m ejj, wbqB

Avjvn ZvgvìK cixv Kieb GKwU b`xi gvag| h ew mB
b`x nZ cvb Kie, m ew Avgvi `jfy bq| Avi h ew ^v`
MnY Kie bv, mB-B Avgvi `jfy ne| Ze nvZi GK AuvRjv
gv| AZtci mevB m cvwb _K cvb Kij, mvgvb KqKRb
eZxZ| ci Zvj~Z hLb b`x cvi nj Ges Zvi m wQj gv
KqKRb Cgvb`vi ew (ZLb AwaK cvwb cvbKvix msLvMwi)
jvKiv ejZ jvMj, AvRKi w`b Rvj~Z I Zvi mbvevwnbxi mv_
hy Kivi kw Avgvì bB| (cvi) hvì wekvm wQj h,
Avjvn&i myL Zvì GKw`b DcwZ nZB ne, Zviv ejj, KZ
QvU QvU `j weRqx nqQ eo eo `ji wei Avjvn&i Kzg|
wbqB ahkxjì mv_ Avjvn _vKb (evKvivn 2/249)|
eZt b`x cvi nIqv GB ^ msLK Cgvb`viMYi msLv wQj gv
313 Rb, hv klbexi mv_ Kvdiì eì hyKvj hyiZ
QvnvexMYi msLvi mv_ wgj hvq| cvwb cvbKvix nvhviv mwbK b`x
cvi Avjm Nywgq coj| A_P cvwb cvb Kiv _K weiZ _vKv ^
msLK Cgvb`vi mv_x wbqB Zvj~Z Pjjb mKvji miv mbvcwZ I
kh-exhi cZxK AvgvjKvì ev`kvn Rvj~Zi wei|
eev`xMYi wnmve gZ GUv wQj wbZvB AvZnbbi kvwgj| GB
`jB wQjb `vE`| Avjvn ejb,
...:a0J ,o703 K,.x .,%0".

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Avi hLb Zviv Rvj~Z I Zvi mbvevwnbxi myLxb nj, ZLb Zviv
ejj, n Avgvì cvjbKZv! Avgvì ah `vb Ki I AvgvìK
`pc` ivL Ges AvgvìK Zzwg Kvwdi mc`vqi wei mvnvh Ki
(evKvivn 2/250)|
Rvj~Z weivU mvR-mv Ki nvZxZ mIqvi nq mvgb Gm Avvjb
KiZ jvMj Ges m hyMi hyixwZ Abyhvqx cwZci miv hvvK
Contents
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Avnvb KiZ _vKj| Aeq evjK `vE` wbRK mbvcwZ Zvj~Zi

mvgb ck Kijb| Zvj~Z ZvK cvVvZ ivhx njb bv| wK `vE`
bvQvo ev`v| Aekl Zvj~Z ZvK wbRi Zievwi w`q DrmvwnZ
Kijb Ges Avjvn&i bvg Rvj~Zi gvKvwejvq ciY Kijb| ewYZ
AvQ h, wZwb G NvlYv AvMB w`qwQjb h, h ew Rvj~ZK ea
Ki wdwjxb cybivi KiZ cvie, ZvK ivR cwiPvjbvq kixK Kiv
ne| A-k mwZ Rvj~ZK gviv LyeB KwVb wQj| Kbbv Zvi
mviv `n wQj jn eg AvQvw`Z| ZvB Zievwi ev ejg w`q ZvK
gviv Ame wQj| Avjvn&i BQvq `vE` wQjb cv_i Quvovq Dv`|
mgeqmxì mv_ wZwb gvV wMq wbkvbv eivei cv_i gvivq `Zv
ARb KiwQjb| `vE` cKU _K cv_i L ei Ki nvZxi wcV
emv Rvj~Zi Pz eivei wbkvbv Ki Ggb Rvi gvijb h, ZvZB
Rvj~Zi PvL gv_v dU gMh ewiq Pj Mj| Gfve Rvj~Z
gvwUZ jywUq coj Zvi mbiv cvwjq Mj| hy Zvj~Z weRq jvf
Kijb| hgb Avjvn ejb,
3U1 5).U?".. 0.U:[19:. ./:"5U: ' 5l.u}. .j,*+.G 55. 0E.-0a. 1' 16:`121 ,$5I,*5.v.H0
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AZtci Zviv Avjvn&i Kzg ZvìK civwRZ Kij Ges `vE`
Rvj~ZK nZv Kij| Avi Avjvn `vE`K `vb Kijb ivR I
`~i`wkZv Ges ZvK wkv `vb Kijb, hv wZwb PvBjb| eZt Avjvn
hw` Gfve GKRbK AciRbi viv cwZnZ bv KiZb, Zvnj
cw_ex asm nq hZ| wK Avjvn wekevmxi cwZ GKvB `qvkxj
(evKvivn 2/251)|
wkYxq welq :
(1) bZZi Rb mevwaK cqvRb nj vb I `wnK ^v, hv
Zvj~Zi ga wQj|
(2) bZZi Rb esk I A_-mì PvBZ eo cqvRb `p Cgvb I
Avjvn&i Dci wbfikxjZv|
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(3) bZvi Rb Aek KZe nj Kgxì cixvi gvag evQvB Kiv|

hgb Zvj~Z KiwQjb|
(4) wPiKvj msLvjNy Cgvb`viMY msLvi Awekvmxì wei
Rqjvf Ki _vK| hv Zvj~Z I Rvj~Zi NUbvq cgvwYZ nq|
(5) Avjvn&i Dci wbfikxj, `p cwZ I Kzkjx mbvcwZ Ges
^msLK wbew`Z cvY jvKB h_ nq weRq jvfi Rb| Zvj~Z I
`vE` hvi Rvjgvb cgvY|
(6) Aej I Rbeji PvBZ Cgvbx ej hKvb weRqi g~j kw|
(7) Dciv NUbvq AviKwU welq cgvwYZ nq h, Zvj~Z KZK
cixv MnYi dj Zuvi AvgjB eby BmvCjMYi ga `ywU `ji mw
nq| GK`j Zvj~Zi AbyMZ gywgb| hviv wbRìK eb~ BmvCj
ejB cwiwPZ Ki| A_ Avjvn&i `vm-Gi esk| Aci `j wQj
gybvwdK- hvìK Bqv`x ejv nZ| cKZ eby BmvCjMY Bqv`x
bvgK NYvi mv_ cZvLvb KiwQjb| AvRI cw_exZ Zviv NwYZ
nqB AvQ| AZw`b wKqvgZ nebv hZw`b bv gymjgvbiv GK GK
GìK nZv Kieb| MvQ I cv_i ch Gì cvwjq _vKv Aevb
gymjgvbì Rvwbq è|68
`vE` (Avt)-Gi Kvwnbx :
Zvj~Z AvgvjKv `Lj`viì nwUq kvgi kvmbKZvi c` jvf
Kib| AZtci `vE` KZw`b ci bex nb Ges Zvj~Zi ci KLb
wZwb kvmbgZvq Avmb, G welq wKQz Rvbv hvq bv| Ze
Abvb bexì bvq wZwb Pwjk eQi eqm beyAZ jvf Kib ej
Avgiv ai wbZ cvi| wZwb kZvqy ew wQjb Ges Zuvi cy
mvbi msLv wQj 19 Rb| Zba myjvqgvb (Avt) beyAZ I kvmb
gZv Dfq w`K w`q (bgj 27/16) wcZvi jvwfwl nqwQjb|
Avjvn wcZv I cyK Abb ewkgwZ Ki mw KiwQjb| Avgiv
KziAvb _K hv cv nqwQ mUzKzB ck Kie mZmvbx cvVKi
68. gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5414 wdZvb Aavq, 1 AbyQ`|
Contents
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Rb| gb ivLv AvekK h, KziAvb Kvb MM bq| gvbyli

n`vqvZi Rb hZUzKz cqvRb, ZZUzKzB gv mLvb cvIqv hvq|
evKx Z_vejxi Drm nj BmvCjx eYbv mg~n, hvi Kvb wbfihvM
wfw bB| eis mLvb Abvb bexMYi bvq `vE` I myjvqgvbi
PwiK gmxwj Kiv nqQ| Avi mBme bvsiv KvwnbxK wfw Ki
Aviex, D`~, dvmx GgbwK evsjv fvlvqI wjwLZ nqQ bexì Kvwnbx
bvg e evR eB-cywKv| bexMYi wbvcZ wekvmx Cgvb`vi
cvVKMY Hme eBc _K `~i _vKeb, GUvB Avgiv GKvfve
Kvgbv Kie| eis Avgvì civgk _vKe, Hme DU I bvsiv
MRe fiv Z_vKw_Z agxq (?) eB-c Avb cywoq wbw Ki
w`b| ZvZ wbRi I cwievii Ges Abì Cgvb wZM nIqv _K
euP hve|
`vE` (Avt)-Gi ewk mg~n :
Avjvn cZK bexK ^Z wKQz ewk `vb KiQb| mgZ `vE`
(Avt)-K c` ewk mg~n wbg weeZ nj|1. Avjvn `vE` (Avt)-K AvavwZK I `wnK kwZ ewjqvb Ki mw
KiwQjb| hgb Avjvn ejb,
>({q )>d30J 5)31@ 1

,0D: 0` .5. ..,. ,+T:`. iY Ki, Avgvi ev`v
`vE`K| m wQj kwkvjx Ges Avgvi cwZ m`v cZveZbkxj (Qvqv`
38/17)| AvqvZi c_gvsk Zuvi `wnK I `ywbqvex kvmb kwi K_v
ejv nqQ Ges klvsk Zuvi AvavwZK kwi K_v ejv nqQ| GRb
h, weivU I AcwZx ev`kvn nIqv mI wZwb me`v Avjvn&i cwZ
wbew`ZcvY wQjb| mKj KvR Zuvi w`KB wdi hZb|
eyLvix I gymwjgi GK nv`xQ ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejb, Avjvn ZvAvjvi
wbKU mevwaK cm`bxq QvjvZ nj `vE` (Avt)-Gi QvjvZ Ges
mevwaK cm`bxq wQqvg wQj `vE` (Avt)-Gi wQqvg| wZwb Aaivw
ch NygvZb| AZtci GK ZZxqvsk QvjvZ KvUvZb Ges kl
lvsk wb`v hZb| wZwb GKw`b Ai GKw`b wQqvg ivLZb| ki
gvKvwejvq wZwb KLbv cv`cmiY KiZb bv|69
69. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/1225 ivwZ bdj QvjvZ Drmvn `vb AbyQ`-33|
Contents
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2. cvnvo I cxKzj Zuvi AbyMZ wQj| hgb Avjvn ejb, .,3t. 31@
>({r>{ )>d30J 5)? E+T Kh.C,*5,9. .,%?!. >1c.,12:. 7A1.F:1 .,97.

5 5).F. 0.1:
Avgiv ceZgvjvK Zvi AbyMZ Ki w`qwQjvg| Zviv mKvj-mvq
Zvi mv_ cweZv eYbv KiZ| Avi cxKzjKI, hviv Zvi KvQ
mgeZ nZ| mevB wQj Zvi cwZ cZveZbkxj (Qvqv` 38/18-19)|
GKB gg ee GmQ m~iv mvev 10 AvqvZ| Abw`K Avjvn `vE`cy myjvqgvbi Aaxb Ki w`qwQjb evqyK I wRbK| cvnvo I
cxKzj nhiZ `vE` (Avt)-Gi wKfve AvbyMZ KiZ- m welq Kvb
ee KziAvb Avmwb| Zvdmxiwe`MY bvbvwea mvebv e KiQb|
Avgiv mwjK Gwoq Mjvg| Kbbv Beby Avevm (ivt) ejQb,
' 5).U.H,0J . *5U1H,0J Avjvn h welqK A iLQb, ZvgivI ZvK
A _vKZ `vI|70
3, 4 I 5. ZuvK Ìqv nqwQj my`p mvgvR, Mfxi cv I Abb
evwMZv| hgb Avjvn ejb,
>(~| )>1d0!1t: 0E,W0. 0.U:[19: 5l.,%.u}. 5)0[:"5 .,... Avgiv Zvi
mvgvRK my`p KiwQjvg Ges ZvK w`qwQjvg cv I dvqQvjvKvix

evwMZv (Qvqv` 38/20)| DjL, Avey g~mv AvkAvix (ivt) I Bgvg
kvex ejb h, wZwbB mec_g eZvq nvg&` I QvjvZi ci F J
(AZtci) k hy Kib|71 c~eB Avgiv ejwQ h, Zuvi GB mvgvR
wQj kvg I BivK evcx| hv AvaywbK wmwiqv, jevbb, RWvb, wdwjxb
I BivKK kvwgj Ki| Avjvn ejb,
p1 13-.u 0. 78.9:1 Z

1 3 . ,%. ,$+[,0 1B,C0D: A1 K0(,%1".i .].:".F.G 31@ 55. .
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70. evqnvKx, gvidvZzm mybvb Iqvj AvQvi, nv/4388|
71. KziZzex ejb, hw` D ee mwVK nq, Ze mwU wQj `vE` (Avt)-Gi wbRi
fvlvq, Aviex fvlvq bq (H, Zvdmxi Qvqv` 20)|
Contents
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n `vE`! Avgiv ZvgvK cw_exZ Ljxdv KiwQ| AZGe Zzwg

gvbyli gvS bvqmZ dvqQvjv Ki Ges Lqvj-Lykxi AbymiY Ki bv|
Zvnj Zv ZvgvK Avjvn&i c_ nZ wePzZ Kie| wbqB hviv
Avjvn&i c_ nZ wePzZ nq, Zvì Rb iqQ KVvi kvw G KviY
h, Zviv wnmve wèmK fyj hvq (Qvqv` 38/26)|
6. jvnvK Avjvn Zuvi Rb big Ki w`qwQjb| hgb Avjvn ejb,
61 0J >.
,1.9: 5)0 300J. .,%?!. 5).F. ,A170J +.1G .
K,M0 31 .5. .,%.u} ,0=0.
) >,%1W. 06,*+".U,F.u .U1 ,A71@ K91.x ,*+".U,. 1,3 A1 ,C70a. ;j. 1. :E.U,
>({{>{|
...Ges Avgiv Zvi Rb jvnvK big Ki w`qwQjvg Ges ZvK
ejwQjvg ck eg Zix Ki I Kovmg~n h_vh_fve mshy Ki Ges
Zvgiv mrKg mv`b Ki| Zvgiv hv wKQz Ki, Zv Avgiv `L _vwK
(mvev 34/10-11)|
DjL h, nhiZ `vE` (Avt) GKRb ` KgKvi wQjb| wekl Ki
ki gvKvwejvi Rb DbZ gvbi eg wbgvY wZwb wQjb GKRb
Kzkjx KvwiMi| hv wew Ki wZwb msmvi hvv wbevn KiZb| ivxq
KvlvMvi _K wbRi fiYcvlYi Rb wKQzB wbZb bv| hwÌ mUv
bIqv Kvb `vli wQj bv| GLvb jvnvK eve gvgi gZ big
Kivi cKvk A_ wbj mUv ne Zuvi Rb gyRhv îc, hv gvUB
Ame bq| Aek big Ki Ìqvi A_ jvnvK mnR BQvgZ ic
Ìqvi I DbZgvbi wbgvY Kkj wkv`vbI nZ cvi| hgb
Ab Avjvn ejb,
>(| S% )>06,51T. ,$5-,0J :E.H0 ,$+[1:D. ,7 ,$+[.1W,95-1 ,$+[? ;Z,*50 0.F,.x 5l.,U?"..
Avi Avgiv ZvK Zvgvì Rb eg wbgvY Kkj wkv w`qwQjvg,
hvZ Zv hyi mgq ZvgvìK iv Ki| AZGe Zvgiv wK KZ
ne? (Avw^qv 21/80)|
BwZnvm _K Rvbv hvq h, fviZeli ev`kvn AvIihe (16581707 L:) wbR nvZ Uzcx mjvB Ki Zv evRvi wew Ki RxweKv
Contents
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wbevn KiZb| ivxq KvlvMvi _K wKQzB wbZb bv| eZt bexivm~jMYB wQjb mKj DbZ Pwii cw_Kr|
7. Avjvn cvK `vE`K beyAZ `vb Kib Ges ZvK Gjvnx wKZve
he~i `vb Ki wKZveavix ivm~ji ghv`vq Awfwl Kib| hgb wZwb
ejb, -KC,*5.g .5. .,%.u}. Avgiv `vE`K he~i c`vb KiwQjvg (wbmv
4/163)| nhiZ `vE`K h Avjvn AZzjbxq mvgvR `vb KiwQjb,
mUv hb he~ii fwelvYxiB eve ic| Kbbv he~i Avjvn Zuvi
mrKgkxj ev`vìK cw_exi AwaKvix nIqvi mymsev` w`qQb|
hgb Avjvn ejb,
>06,*5913W .z1.1 .H+1

. .B,C0D: ?60J 1:TnQ 1,F. ,1 1C,*53v A1 .,.-0T ,0=0.
>({|b S% )
Avgiv wewfb Dc`ki ci he~i GK_v wjL w`qwQ h, Avgvi
mrKgkxj ev`vMY Aekl cw_exi DivwaKvix ne (Avw^qv 21/105)|
8. ZuvK Ac~e mygayi Kî `vb Kiv nqwQj| hLb wZwb he~i
ZjvIqvZ KiZb, ZLb Kej gvbyl bq, cvnvo I cxKzj ch Zv
GKgb bZ| G w`K BwZ KiB Avjvn ejb,
>({| ) >.
,1.9: 5)0 300J. .,%?!. 5).F. ,A170J +.1G .
K,M0 31 .5. .,%.u} ,0=0.
Avgiv `vEì cwZ Avgvì c nZ AbyMn c`vb KiwQjvg GB
gg Av`k `vb Ki h, n ceZgvjv! Zvgiv `vEì mv_ evievi
Zvmexn mg~n Avew Ki Ges (GKB wb`k w`qwQjvg Avgiv)
cxKzjKI ... (mvev 34/10)| AvaywbK wevb cgvY Ki w`qQ h,
cvnvo I gvwUi GK aibi Rxeb iqQ, hv Zvì Rb DchvMx|72 G
welqwU Avjvn Ab ejb Gfve,
>(qr S% )>.,%1"10 3+T. .,%?!. .,97.

5 0.1: .5. .p. .,3t..
72. `t nvgxg mvR`vn 41/11; gynvv` Ave`yi inxg, mv I mwZ (B,dv,ev, 2003) ct
357, 386-89|
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Avgiv cvnvoK I cxKzjK `vEì AbyMZ Ki w`qwQjvg, Zviv

Zvmexn cvV KiZ Ges Avgiv GUv Ki _vwK (Avw^qv 21/79)|
AZGe `vEì Kî kvbv, Zuvi AbyMZ nIqv I Avjvn&i evYx he~ii
AvqvZmg~ni cwZ gbvhvMx nIqv Ges Avjvn&i cweZv NvlYv Kiv
cvnvo I cxKzji Rb gvUB Avhi welq bq| klbex gynvv`
(Qvt)-Gi Rb ebi c, cvnvo, e Zuvi mvgb gv_v byBqQ I Qvqv
KiQ, GgbwK ^vb _K DV Gm e Zuvi myL ùvwoqQ, Gwj
me Pvzl NUbv|73 GK`v ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) I Zuvi wZb mv_x AveyeKi,
Igi I IQgvb GKwU cvnvo DVjb| ZLb cvnvowU KuvcZ i
Kij| ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) cvnvowUK agK w`q ejjb, wi nI! Zvgvi
Dci AvQb GKRb bex, GKRb wQxK I `yRb knx`|74 Gi viv
Dw` I ceZi Rxeb I Abyf~wZ cgvwYZ nq| AZGe Avjvn&i Aci
bex `vE` (Avt)-Gi Rb cvnvo, cx, jn BZvw` AbyMZ ne, GZ
weqi wKQz bB| hwÌ eev`xiv wPiKvj m`ni AKvi _KQ,
AvRI _vKe| Avjvn&i ingZ bv nj Iiv AKvii wwgKxU nqB
gie|
`vE` (Avt)-Gi Rxebi iYxq NUbvejx :
(1) QvMcvj I kmZi gvwjKi wePvi: Bgvg evMvfx nhiZ
Avyjvn Beb Avevm, KvZv`vn I hynix _K eYbv Kib h, GK`v
`yRb jvK nhiZ `vEì wbKU GKwU welq gxgvsmvi Rb Avm|
Zvì GKRb wQj QvMcvji gvwjK Ges AbRb wQj km Zi
gvwjK| kmZi gvwjK QvMcvji gvwjKi wbKU `vex ck Kij
h, Zvi QvMcvj ivwKvj Avgvi kmZ PovI nq m~Y dmj
web Ki w`qQ| Avwg Gi cwZKvi PvB| meZt kmi g~j I
QvMji g~ji wnmve mgvb weePbv Ki nhiZ `vE` (Avt)
kmZi gvwjKK Zvi web dmji wewbgq g~j wnmve cyiv
73. wZiwghx, kvim mybvn, `vigx, wgkKvZ nv/5918, 22,24-26 gvRhv AbyQ`-9|
74. wZiwghx, bvmvC, wgkKvZ nv/6066 IQgvbi ghv`v AbyQ`; nv`xQ nvmvb, BiIqv
nv/1594-Gi AvjvPbv è, 6/39-40 c:| Gi viv AviKwU welq cgvwYZ nq h,
AvgZz IQgvb (ivt) wQjb mZi Dci cwZwZ| Avi Zvi weivaxiv wQj md
wg_vivcKvix| GhyMI Zviv wg_v iUbvKvix| AZGe mZmvbxiv Gì AccPvi
_K mveavb _vKeb| -jLK |
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QvMcvj kmZi gvwjKK w`q w`Z ejjb| ev`x I weev`x Dfq

ev`kvn `vE`-Gi Av`vjZ _K ewiq Avmvi mgq ìRvi gyL cy
myjvqgvbi mv_ `Lv nq| wZwb gvKgvi ivq mK wRm Kij
Zviv me Lyj ejj| wZwb wcZv `vEì KvQ wMq ejjb, Avwg ivq
w`j Zv wfbic nZ Ges Dfqi Rb KjvYKi nZ| AZtci wcZvi
wb`k wZwb ejjb, QvMcvj kmZi gvwjKK mvgwqKfve w`q
Ìqv nDK| m Gjvi `ya, ckg BZvw` viv DcKvi jvf KiK|
cvi kmZwU QvMcvji gvwjKK AcY Kiv nDK| m ZvZ
km Drcv`b KiK| AZtci km hLb QvMcvj web Kivi c~ei
Aevq cuQ hve, ZLb Zv Zi gvwjKK wdwiq Ìqv ne Ges
QvMcvj Zvi gvwjKK dir Ìqv ne| nhiZ `vE` (Avt) ivqwU
AwaK Dg MY Ki mUvKB KvhKi Kivi wb`k `b| GB NUbvi
cwZ BwZ Ki Avjvn ejb,
3+T. 1<,*0=: 5$.0y 1)%1 ,o.0(. :`1@ 1,.9: A1 16.U+[,9

. :`1@ 06.U,%0"5. .5..
S% ) >KU:"13 KU:[5 .,%.u} +T. 06.U,%0"5 .I.,U3H0(0 >.
11I. ,$1H1U:[591
>(qr>q
Avi iY Ki `vE` I myjvqgvbK, hLb Zviv GKwU kmZ mK
wePvi KiwQj, hvZ ivwKvj Kvi glcvj XyK cowQj| Avi Zvì
wePviKvh Avgvì myLB nwQj| AZtci Avgiv myjvqgvbK
gvKgvwUi dvqQvjv eywSq w`jvg Ges Avgiv DfqK cv I vb
`vb KiwQjvg (Avw^qv 21/78-79)|
eZt Dfqi ivq mwVK I myaviYv cm~Z wQj| wK AwaK Dg
weePbvq nhiZ `vE` ^xq cyi Ìqv civgkKB KvhKi Kivi
wb`k `b| Avi mKviYB Avjvn DfqK mgY f~wlZ Ki ejQb
h, Avgiv DfqK vb I cv `vb KiwQ| Gi viv cgvwYZ nq h,
wePviK Dg gb Kij Zvi c~ei ivq evwZj Ki bZzb ivq c`vb
KiZ cvib|
Contents
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(2) Bev`Z Lvbvq cekKvix ev`x-weev`xi wePvi: nhiZ `vE` (Avt)

hKvb NUbvq hw` eySZb h, GwU Avjvn&i Zid _K cixv,
Zvnj wZwb mv_ mv_ Avjvn&i w`K iRy nZb I gv cv_bvq iZ
nZb| GiB GKwU D`vniY ewYZ nqQ wbgv AvqvZwjZ| hgb
Avjvn ejb,
. 1v0(0 .5. 40". ,*+".i. :`1@ >.d.,91U: 5C3*..u :`1@ 1$,W.t: +D.. .].u0J :E.I.
0f. 78.9:1 ..,%. $+[,0 ;,F. 40". .5M,F. 4. . 16.U,W.i ,L.t.u 0f ,*+0a ,$5H,1
.A1. K.,F. 06,*5F,1u. p,1u 5)0 ,A1i0J 0Q.I ?61@ >1.7W 1S.*. 401@ .1,I. :1!,5u
1.51 ./.U0"0 ,0=0 00a >1d0!1t: A1 ,A13v.. .H,%1:"1(:T0J 00=0 _h.1. _.,F.
.
,1Q? ?f1@ ;,F. 40". ,$5H5M,F. ,A1 ,.%0 1S0!0"5t: .7 K,%10T ?61@. 1)1G.F1 401@ ./1-.,F.
5)3.C .0(, .-,0 5l3.-0 .U30J 55. 30. ,$5I 3 _E,%1"0a. 1j.913W *+"1U.. ,*5.}
) ;d. .,5. 40(:5v0 ..,1 5)0 ?61@. ./10` 5)0 .,0(. 0 >.d.0J3 KF1T.C 3.i.
>(~b>~{
Avcbvi KvQ wK mB ev`x-weev`xi Lei cuQQ, hLb Zviv cuvwPj
UcwKq `vEì Bev`ZLvbvq XyK cowQj? (Qvqv` 21) hLb Zviv
`vEì KvQ Abycek Kij Ges `vE` Zvì _K fxZ nq coj,
ZLb Zviv ejj, Avcwb fq cveb bv, Avgiv `yRb wee`gvb c|
Avgiv GK Acii cwZ evovevwo KiwQ| AZGe Avgvì ga bvq
wePvi Kib, AwePvi Kieb bv| AvgvìK mij c_ c`kb Kib
(22)| (welqwU GB h,) m Avgvi fvB| m 99wU `y^vi gvwjK Avi
Avwg gv GKwU gv`x `y^vi gvwjK| GiciI m ej h, GwU AvgvK
w`q `vI| m Avgvi Dci KVvi fvlv cqvM Ki (23)| `vE`
ejj, m Zvgvi `y^vwUK wbRi `y^vwji mv_ hy Kivi `vex Ki
Zvgvi cwZ AwePvi KiQ| kixKì AbK GK Acii cwZ
evovevwo Ki _vK, Kej Zviv eZxZ, hviv Cgvb Avb I mrKg
Ki| Aek Gic jvKi msLv Kg| (A NUbvq) `vE` aviYv Kij
h, Avgiv ZvK cixv KiwQ| AZtci m Zvi cvjbKZvi wbKU gv
Contents
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cv_bv Kij Ges wmR`vq jywUq coj I Avgvi w`K cYZ nj (24)|
AZtci Avgiv ZvK gv Ki w`jvg| wbqB Zvi Rb Avgvì
wbKU iqQ bKU I myì cZveZb j (Qvqv` 38/21-25)|
Dciv cuvPwU AvqvZ ev Ab Kv_vI Gic Kvb evLv Ìqv nqwb
h, m cixv wK wQj, `vE` (Avt) wK fyj KiwQjb, h KviY wZwb
gv cv_bv KiwQjb Ges hv Avjvn ZvK gv Ki w`qwQjb| dj
mB cvPxb hyMi Kvb NUbvi evLv bex eZxZ Ab Kvi c G hyM
Ìqv me bq| ZvB aviYv I Kbvi gvag hUvB ejv ne, ZvZ
vwi AvksKv _KB hve| wK c_ B`x cwZiv Zvì
^Mvxq GB ghv`vevb bexi D NUbvK Ggb bvsivfve ck
KiQ, hv Kbv KiZI Mv wkDi IV| ejv nqQ, `vE` (Avt)-Gi
bvwK 99 Rb x wQj| G mI wZwb Zuvi GK mbi xK Rvic~eK
AcniY Kib| AZtci D mwbKK nZv Ki Zvi xK weq
Kib| GB NUbvi wb`v Rvwbq Avjvn `yRb dikZvK ev`x I
weev`xi ek cvwVq ZvK wkv `b (bvEhywejvn)|
(3) kwbevi Iqvjvì cwiYwZ: eby BmvCjì Rb kwbevi wQj
mvvwnK QzwUi w`b Ges Bev`Zi Rb wbw` I cwe w`b| G w`b
Zvì Rb grm wkKvi wbwl wQj| Zviv mgy`vcKzji evwm`v wQj
Ges grm wkKvi wQj Zvì ckv| dj `vE` (Avt)-Gi wblavv
Agvb KiB Zviv Hw`b grm wkKvi KiZ _vK| GZ Zvì Dci
Avjvn&i c nZ gm&L ev AvKwZ cwieZbi kvw bg Avm Ges
wZbw`bi gaB Zviv mevB gZz gyL cwZZ nq| NUbvwU cwe
KziAvb wbgic ewYZ nqQ| hgb Avjvn g`xbvi B`xì Dk
ejb,
>.,%11.i Kh..1a ,*5,*+T ,$5H0 .:"+=0 1o,3 A1 ,$+[,1 ,..-, .
,1Q? 5$5-,U1". ,0=0.
>(>b h= ) >.,%1=3-5U:"n K 01,*.. .H0(:".i .. .H
,.
. .,%. .Un Kf0[. .I.:".F.0
Avi Zvgiv Zv ZvìK fvjfve Rvbv, hviv kwbevii evcvi
mxgv jsNb KiwQj| Avgiv Zvì ejwQjvg, Zvgiv wbK evbi nq
hvI| AZtci Avgiv G NUbvK Zvì mgmvgwqK I cieZxì Rb
Contents
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`v wnmve Ges Avjvnfxiì Rb Dc`k wnmve iL w`jvg

(evKvivn 2/65-66)|
Zvdmxi KziZzexZ ejv nqQ h, B`xiv c_g Mvcb I wewfb
Kkj Ges ci evcKfve wbwl w`b grm wkKvi KiZ _vK|
GZ Zviv `y`j wef nq hvq| mr I we jvKiv GKvR evav
`b| Aci`j evav Agvb Ki gvQ aiZ _vK| dj c_g `ji
jvKiv klvì _K c_K nq hvb| Zvì mv_ mK wQb
Kib| GgbwK Zvì evmvbI c_K Ki bb| GKw`b Zviv
Aevaì GjvKvq Pig bxieZv j Kib| AZtci Zviv mLvb
cuQ `Ljb h, mevB evbi I k~Ki cwiYZ nq MQ| KvZv`vn
ejb h, eiv k~Ki Ges hyeKiv evbi cwiYZ nqwQj| icvwiZ
evbiiv wbR wbR AvZxq-^RbK wPbZ ciwQj Ges Zvì KvQ
wMq ASvi bqb Ak wemRb KiwQj|
D welq m~iv Avivdi 164-65 AvqvZi eYbvq cZxqgvb nq h,
mLvb ZZxq AviKwU `j wQj, hviv Dc`k `vbKvixì Dc`k
`vb weiZ ivLvi Pv KiZ| evnZt Giv wQj kvwev`x Ges Ajm I
myweavev`x| GivI dvmKì mv_ k~Ki-evbi cwiYZ nq I asm
nq hvq| hgb Avjvn ejb,
K
1. K0Q. ,$5H5nQ.F5 ,0J ,$5H+[1",H5 '0 K,*0a 06*+1F.u .$1 ,$5H,7 _3+J ,o00a 0`1@.
.
1Q? .,%00J 1)1 ,5nT+` . ,*5. 3U0"0 >06*+=3-
. ,$5H?".F0. ,$+[7.C 401@ Kh.C1Q,F. ,*+0a
>06*+=5:(
. ,*50T .U1 ;%1. ;d0Q.F1 ,*5U0"0 .
1Q? .:Q.i0J. 1S*k 1. 06,*.H,
.
>({b>{Y )
Avi hLb Zvì gaKvi GK`j ejj, Kb Avcbviv H jvKì
Dc`k w`Qb, hvìK Avjvn asm Ki w`Z Pvb wKsev Zvì
Avhve w`Z Pvb KwVb Avhve? Cgvb`viMY ejj, Zvgvì cvjbKZvi
wbKU Ihi ck Kivi Rb Ges GRb hvZ Iiv mZK nq| AZtci
Zviv hLb Dc`k fyj Mj, hv ZvìK Ìqv nqwQj, ZLb Avgiv
Contents
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mme jvKì gyw w`jvg, hviv g` KvR _K wbla KiZ Ges

cvKovI Kijvg hvjgìK wbK Avhvei gvag Zvì cvcvPvii
KviY (Avivd 7/164-65)|
GZ eywSq Ìqv nqQ h, bvqi Av`k I Abvqi
wblaKvixì cvej^b bv Ki wbicZv Aej^bKvix ewMY
hvjg I dvmKì mv_B Avjvn&i Mhe asm ne| AZGe
nKcxì Rb Rxebi me Avgi wej gvid I bvwn Avwbj
gybKvi eZxZ Ab Kvb c_ Lvjv bB|
Qnxn gymwjg nhiZ Avyjvn Beb gvmE` (ivt) nZ ewYZ nqQ
h, GK`v KqKRb Qvnvex ivm~jyjvn (Qvt)-K wRm Kijb, n
ivm~j! G hyMi evbi-k~Kijv wK mB AvKwZ cwiewZZ B`x
mc`vq? wZwb ejjb, Avjvn ZvAvjv hLb Kvb mc`vqK asm
Kib, wKsev Zvì Dci AvKwZ cwieZbi Avhve bvwhj Kib, ZLb
Zvì eskaviv _vK bv| Avi evbi-k~Ki cw_exZ c~eI wQj,
fwelZI _vKe|75 Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb, Zviv Lvq bv, cvb Ki
bv Ges wZb w`bi ekx euvP bv|76
Zvj~Zi ci eby BmvCjMYi Aev gB kvPbxq chvq Pj hvq|
hvjg ev`kvnì viv Zviv kvg `k nZ weZvwoZ nq| wekl Ki
cvimivR eyLZvbQi hLb ZvìK kvg _K ewnvi Kijb, ZLb
Zvì GK`j nRvh wMq emevmi wmv wbj| GB Dk h,
Avgiv `vE` I myjvqgvbi wbwgZ evqZzj gyKvvm nvwiqwQ| dj
GY Avgiv Avgvì c~ecyil Beivnxg-BmgvCji wbwgZ Kvev Mni
Dk hvv Kwi| hvZ Avgiv ev Avgvì eskaiiv klbexi mvvr
jvf ab nq| mgZ Zviv Avie wnRiZ Ki Ges BqvQwie emevm
i Ki|
75. gymwjg, ZvK`xi Aavq nv/6770|

76. KziZzex, Zvdmxi m~iv evKvivn 65, c: 1/479|
Contents
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136
mskq wbimb
(1) `vE` (Avt)-Gi Dci c` ZvngZ :
Qvqv` 24 : 5l3.-0 .U30J 5,5. 30. `vE` aviYv Kij h, Avgiv ZvK
cixv KiwQ| D AvqvZi evLvq Zvdmxi RvjvjvBb ejv nqQ,
hJ /"u )- 9 %" eJ -a lFaJ A_vr D gwnjvi cwZ Avmwi
gvag Avgiv ZvK cixvq djwQ| wfwnxb GB Zvdmxii gvag
bexMYi DP ghv`vK f~jywZ Kiv nqQ| wekl Ki `vE` (Avt)Gi gZ GKRb gnvb ivm~ji Dci cibvixi cwZ Avm nIqvi
AgvRbxq ZvngZ Avivc Kiv nqQ| A_P GwU cwivifve B`xbvQvivì evbvqvU M eZxZ wKQyB bq| hviv Zvì bexì wei
Pzwi, hbv I Abyic AmsL bvsiv ZvngZ jvwMqQ I nvhvi nvhvi
bexK nZv KiQ (evKvivn 91)| Zvì iwPZ Z_vKw_Z ZIivZ-Bxj
mg~n (evKvivn 79) G aibi Kzrmvq ficyi nq AvQ|
(2) GKB m~ivq 22 AvqvZi evLvq gvbbxq ZvdmxiKvi ebbv
KiQb h, `vE` (Avt)-Gi 99 Rb x wQj| A_P wZwb AbRbi
GKgv xK Zje Kib Ges ZvK weevn Kib I Zvi mv_ mnevm
Kib (bvEhywejvn)| GKvRwU h Abvq wQj, mUv eySvbvi Rb
`yRb dikZv gvbyli ek ai ev`x-weev`x mR AZwKZfve Zuvi
Gev`ZLvbvq cek Ki| AZtci weev`x ZvK ej h, m Avgvi
fvB| m 99wU `y^vi gvwjK Avi Avwg gv GKwU `y^vi gvwjK|
GiciI m ej GwU AvgvK w`q `vI Ges K_vevZvq Avgvi Dci
KVviZv Avivc Ki (Qvqv` 23)| `vE` (Avt) GwUK Abvq wnmve
eYbv eYbv Kijb| AZtci wZwb eySZ cvijb h, Gi gvag ZuvK
cixv Kiv nqQ| dj wZwb Avjvn&i wbKU gv cv_bv Kijb I
wmR`vq jywUq cojb, hv 24 AvqvZ ewYZ nqQ|
G NUbvwUK mv`v PvL `Lj GKeviB ^vfvweK welq ej gb nq
ne, hv mvaviYZt hKvb wePviKi wbKU ev ivRìevi nq _vK|
A_P KvwbKfve `yRbK dikZv mvwRq I `y^vK x Kbv Ki
Zvdmxii bvg imvjv M cwiekb Kiv nqQ|
Contents
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ck nZ cvi, Zvnj `vE` (Avt)-Gi gv cv_bv Kivi KviY wK?

Reve GB h, `vE` (Avt) Avjvn&i Bev`Zi Rb GKUv mgq wbw`
KiwQjb| H mgqUzKz wZwb Kej Bev`ZB iZ _vKZb| wK nVvr
cvuwPj UcwKq `yRb AcwiwPZ jvK Bev`ZLvbvq cek Kivq wZwb
foK hvb| wK ci Zvì welqwU eySZ cvib I dvqQvjv Ki
`b| Zvì _K fxZ nIqvi welqwU hwÌ Kvb `vli evcvi wQj
bv, ZeyI GUvK wZwb Avjvn&i Dci ZvIqvzji Ljvd gb Ki
jwZ nb Ges eySZ cvib h, GB NUbvi viv Avjvn Zuvi
ZvIqvzji cixv wbjb| wZxqZt AwaK Bev`Zi KviY
cRv^v_i wZ nQ gb Ki wZwb jwZ nb Ges GRb Avjvn&i
wbKU gv cv_bv Kib I wmR`vq jywUq cob|
`vE` (Avt)-Gi RxebxZ wkYxq welq mg~n :
1. bZZi Rb cqvRb ^vevb I AvgvbZ`vi nIqv| AviI
cqvRb cv, bvqwbv I DbZgvbi evwMZv| hvi me KqwU Y
nhiZ `vE` (Avt)-Gi ga mevwaK cwigvY wQj|
2. Gjvnx weavb xb I `ywbqv `ywUKB wbqY I cwiPvjbv Ki| eis
xb`vi kvmKi nvZB `ywbqv kvwgq I wbivc` _vK| nhiZ `vE`Gi kvmbKvj Zvi Rvjgvb cgvY|
3. xb`vi kvmKK Avjvn evievi cixv Kib| hvZ Zvi xb`vix
AzY _vK| `vE` (Avt) m cixv w`qQb Ges DxY nqQb|
eZt wZwb wQjb Avjvn&i w`K m`v cZveZbkxj|
4. h kvmK hZ ekx Avjvn&i Kihvix Kib, Avjvn Zvi cwZ ZZ
ekx m`q nb Ges H ivR kvw I mgw bvwhj Kib| eZt `vE`
(Avt) mevwaK Bev`Zhvi wQjb Ges GKw`b Ai GKw`b wQqvg
cvjb KiZb|
5. h kvmK Avjvn&i cwZ AbyMZ nb, Avjvn `ywbqvi mKj mwK Zvi
cwZ AbyMZ Ki `b| hgb `vE` (Avt)-Gi Rb cvnvo-ceZ,
cxKzj Ges jvnvK AbyMZ Ki Ìqv nqwQj|
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18. nhiZ myjvqgvb (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)

nhiZ `vE` (Avt)-Gi gZzi ci myhvM cy myjvqgvb Zuvi jvwfwl
nb| klbex gynvv` (Qvt)-Gi Avwefvei b~bvwaK ò nvhvi eQi
c~e wZwb bex nb| myjvqgvb wQjb wcZvi 19Rb cyi AbZg|
Avjvn cvK ZvK vb, cvq I beyAZi m` mg Kib|
GQvovI ZuvK Ggb wKQz bgZ `vb Kib, hv Ab Kvb bexK `vb
Kibwb| Bgvg evMvfx BwZnvmwe`MYi eivZ ejb, myjvqgvb (Avt)Gi gvU eqm nqwQj 53 eQi| Zi eQi eqm ivRKvh nvZ bb
Ges kvmbi PZz_ eQi evqZzj gyKvvmi wbgvY KvR i Kib|
wZwb 40 eQi Kvj ivRZ Kib (gvhnvix, KziZzex)| Ze wZwb KZ eQi
eqm bex nqwQjb m welq wKQz Rvbv hvq bv| kvg I BivK Aj
wcZvi iL hvIqv ivRi wZwb ev`kvn wQjb| Zuvi ivR ZrKvjxb
weki mePq myLx I kwkvjx ivR wQj| KziAvb Zuvi mK 7wU
m~ivq 51wU AvqvZ ewYZ nqQ|77 Avgiv mwjK GKwZ Ki
Kvwnbxic ck Kivi Pv cve BbkvAvjvn|
evjKvj myjvqgvb :
(1) Avjvn cvK myjvqgvbK Zvi evjKvjB Mfxi cv I `~i`w `vb
KiwQjb| QvMcvji gvwjK I kmZi gvwjKi ga wcZv nhiZ
`vE` (Avt) hfve weiva gxgvsmv KiwQjb, evjK myjvqgvb Zvi
PvBZ Dg dvqQvjv ck KiwQjb| dj nhiZ `vE` (Avt) wbRi
c~ei ivq evwZj Ki cyi Ìqv cv e MnY Kib I m gvZveK
ivq `vb Kib|
D NUbvi cwZ BwZ Ki Avjvn ejb,
,$1H1U:[591 3+T. 1<,*0=: 5$.0y 1),%1 ,o.0(. :`1@ 1,.9: A1 16.U+[,9
. :`1@ 06.U,%0"5. .5..
>(qr>q S% ) KU:"13 KU:[5 .,%.u} +T. 06.U,%0"5 .I.,U3H0(0 >.
,11I.
77. h_vg (1) m~iv evKvivn 2/102; (2) wbmv 4/163; (3) AvbAvg 6/84; (4) Avw^qv
21/78-79, 81-82; (5) bgj 27/15-44=30; (6) mvev 34/12-14; (7) Qvqv`
38/30-40=11; gvU 51wU AvqvZ|
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Avi iY Ki `vE` I myjvqgvbK, hLb Zviv GKwU kmZ mK

wePvi KiwQj, hvZ ivwKvj Kvi glcvj XyK cowQj| Avi Zvì
wePviKvh Avgvì myLB nwQj| AZtci Avgiv myjvqgvbK
gvKgvwUi dvqQvjv eywSq w`jvg Ges Avgiv DfqK cv I vb
`vb KiwQjvg (Avw^qv 21/78-79)|
QvUejv _KB vb I cvq f~wlZ myjvqgvbK cieZxZ
h_v_fveB wcZvi wmsnvmbi DivwaKvix Kiv nq| hgb Avjvn
ejb, .5. +6.U,%0"5 01C.. myjvqgvb `vEì DivwaKvix nqwQjb
(bgj 27/16)| Ab Avjvn ejb,
5)31@ 5,.F: .$,F1 06.U,%0"5 .5.1 .,.I..
>(X| ) d30J Avgiv `vEì Rb myjvqgvbK `vb KiwQjvg|

KZB bv myì ev`v m Ges m wQj (Avgvi cwZ) m`v cZveZbkxj
(Qvqv` 38/30)|
(2) AviKwU NUbv nv`xQ ewYZ nqQ, hv wbgic: `yRb gwnjvi
`ywU evPv wQj| GKw`b bKo evN Gm GKwU evPvK wbq hvq|
ZLb cZK ejj h, Zvgvi evPv wbq MQ| hwU AvQ IwU Avgvi
evPv| welqwU dvqQvjvi Rb `yB gwnjv Ljxdv `vEì KvQ Gjv|
wZwb eqvR gwnjvi c ivq w`jb| ZLb Zviv ewiq myjvqgvbi
KvQ Gjv Ges meK_v Lyj ejj| myjvqgvb ZLb GKwU Qzwi AvbZ
ejjb Ges evPvUvK `yUzKiv Ki `ygwnjvK w`Z PvBjb| ZLb
eqvKwb gwnjvwU ejj, BqvinvgyKvjv Avjvn AvcbvK AbyMn Kib
evPvwU H gwnjvi| ZLb myjvqgvb Kwb gwnjvi c ivq w`jb|78
myjvqgvbi ewk mg~n :
`vE` (Avt)-Gi bvq myjvqvgb (Avt)-KI Avjvn wekl wKQz ewk
`vb KiwQjb, hv Avi KvDK `vb Kibwb| hgb: (1) evqy cevn
AbyMZ nIqv (2) ZvgvK Zij avZzZ cwiYZ Kiv (3) wRbK Aaxb
Kiv (4) cxKjK AbyMZ Kiv (5) wccxwjKvi fvlv eySv (6)
AZyjbxq mvgvR `vb Kiv (7) cv AbyMn ivwRi wnmve bv ivLvi
AbygwZ cvIqv| wbg wevwiZfve ewYZ nj:
78. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/5719 wKqvgZi Aev Aavq mwi m~Pbv I
bexMYi AvjvPbv AbyQ`-9|
Contents
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1. evqy cevnK Zuvi AbyMZ Ki Ìqv nqwQj| Zuvi Kzg gZ evqy

ZuvK Zuvi BQvgZ vb enb Ki wbq hZ| wZwb m`jej evqyi wcV
wbR wmsnvmb mIqvi nq `ygvmi c_ GKw`b cuQ hZb| hgb
Avjvn ejb, >(XY )>...,H. .H5..C. ,H. .Ik5+y .P
7 06.U,%0"51.
Ges Avgiv myjvqgvbi Aaxb Ki w`qwQjvg evqyK, hv mKvj GK
gvmi c_ I weKvj GK gvmi c_ AwZg KiZ... (mvev 34/12)|
DjL h, Beby Avevm (ivt)-Gi bvg h K_v ewYZ nqQ h, gvbyl
I wRbi Pvi j Avmb wewk wekvj eni wbq myjvqgvb evqy cevn
hvv KiZb Ges mviv c_ QvjvZ iZ _vKZb I GB gnv bgZ
c`vbi Rb Avjvn&i Kwiqv Av`vq KiZb| GZ `Z Pjv mI evqy
Zi Zuvì Dci Kvbic Pvc mw nZ bv Ges iv` ew _K
ivi Rb gv_vi Dci w`q jvL jvL cvwL ZvìK Qvqv Ki hZ
BZvw` hme K_v Zvdmxii KZve mg~n ewYZ nqQ Zvi meB
wfwnxb BmvCjx DcK_v gv|
Avjvn ejb,
nE+[1 3+T. .H,%1 .:T.C. ,A1-? 1B,C0D: 401@ 1l1,0D1 ,z1,.u K0(1x. .P
7 06.U,%0"51.
>({ S% ) >.,%1U1. ;S,A.
Avi Avgiv myjvqgvbi Aaxb Ki w`qwQjvg cej evqyK| hv Zvi
Av`k cevwnZ nZ H `ki w`K, hLvb Avgiv KjvY iLwQ|
Avi Avgiv mKj welq mgK AeMZ iqwQ (Avw^qv 21/81)| Ab
Avjvn D evqyK S.i5C ejQb (Qvqv` 38/36)| hvi A_ g`y evqy, hv
k~b Zi-msNvZ mw Ki bv| 0(1x. I S.i5C `ywU weklYi mg^q
Gfve nZ cvi h, Kvbic Zi msNvZ mw bv Ki Zxe eM evqy
cevwnZ nIqvUv wQj Avjvn&i wekl ingZ Ges myjvqgvbi AbZg
gyRhv|
DjL h, nvmvb evQixi bvg hK_v ejv nq _vK h, GKw`b Nvov
Z`viwK KiZ wMq myjvqgvbi AvQii QvjvZ Kvhv nq hvq| mB
vf wZwb me Nvov hen Ki `b| dj Zvi wewbgq Avjvn ZuvK
Contents
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cyivi îc evqy cevnK AbyMZ Ki `b ej hK_v Zvdmxii

KZvemg~n Pvjy AvQ, Zvi Kvb wfw bB| Gwj wnsmyK B`xì
iUbv gv|79
2. Zvgvi bvq k c`v_K Avjvn myjvqgvbi Rb Zij avZzZ
cwiYZ KiwQjb| hgb Avjvn ejb, ...1:!1=: .,%. 5)0 .:".0J. Avgiv
Zvi Rb MwjZ Zvgvi GKwU SiYv cevwnZ KiwQjvg... (mvev 34/12)|
Gi viv eySv hvq h, H MwjZ avZz D wQj bv| eis Zv w`q AwZ
mnR cvvw` Zix Kiv hZ| myjvqgvbi ci _KB Zvgv Mwjq
cvvw` Zix Kiv i nq ej KziZzex eYbv KiQb| wcZv `vEì
Rb wQj jvnv Mjvbvi gyRhv Ges cy myjvqgvbi Rb wQj Zvgv
Mjvbvi gyRhv| Avi GRbB AvqvZi kl Avjvn ejb, 0} *+".U,1@
5C*+[3 .z1.1 ,7 _E%1"0a. K:[5 .5. n `vE` cwievi! KZZv
mnKvi Zvgiv KvR Ki hvI| eZt Avgvi ev`vì ga A
msLKB KZ (mvev 34/13)|
`ywU m~Z :
(K) `vE` (Avt)-Gi Rb Avjvn ZvAvjv mevwaK k I Nb c`v_
jvnvK big I myDP ceZgvjvK AbyMZ Ki w`qwQjb| cvi
myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi Rb Avjvn k ZvgvK Mjvbv Ges evqy, wRb
BZvw` Ggb m~vwZm~ eK AbyMZ Ki w`qwQjb, hv PvLI `Lv
hvq bv| Gi viv eySvbv nqQ h, Avjvn&i kw eo-QvU mewKQzi
ga cwiev|
(L) GLvb AviKwU welq BwZ iqQ h, Avjvn&i ZvKIqvkxj
AbyMZ ev`viv Avjvn&i Kzg wekPivPii mKj mwi Dci AvwacZ
KiZ cvi Ges mewKQzK ekxf~Z Ki Zv _K wL`gZ wbZ cvi|
3. wRbK Zuvi Aaxb Ki w`qwQjb| hgb Avjvn ejb, 71: .1.
>({~ )...1)7.C 16:`121 1)

,.
. .,%. +E.U,F
3 . Avi wRbi ga wKQzmsLK
79. KziZzex, mvev 12 AvqvZi UxKv è|
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Zvi (myjvqgvbi) myL KvR KiZ Zvi cvjbKZvi (Avjvn&i)

Av`k... (mvev 34/12)|
Ab Avjvn ejb,
,$5H0 3+T. ./10` 06,5 K.U. 06,*+".U,F

.. 5)0 06,*5x,*5
3 ,. 1,%1O.%3 .1.
>(~ S% )>.,%11.
Ges Avgiv Zvi Aaxb Ki w`qwQjvg kqZvbì KZKK, hviv Zvi
Rb Wyeyixi KvR KiZ Ges GQvov Ab AviI KvR KiZ| Avgiv
ZvìK wbqY KiZvg (Avw^qv 21/82)|
Ab ejv nqQ,
>(X>Xq ) >10(,x0D: A1 .,%130=5 .

,1.i}. >;3*0y3 ;S3. ?E+T .,%1O.%3.
Avi mKj kqZvbK Zvi Aaxb Ki w`jvg, hviv wQj cvmv` wbgvYKvix
I Wyeyix| Ges Ab AviI AbKK Aaxb Ki w`jvg, hviv Ave
_vKZ ksLj (Qvqv` 38/37-38)|
eZt wRbiv mvMi Wye w`q Zj`k _K g~jevb gwY-gyv, nxivRniZ Zzj AvbZ Ges myjvqgvbi Kzg wbgvY KvR mn hKvb KvR
Kivi Rb m`v cZ _vKZ| Cgvb`vi wRbiv Zv QIqvei wbqZ
^Qvq AvbyMZ KiZ| wK `y wRbjv eoxe Aevq myjvqgvbi
fq KvR KiZ| GB A`k ksLj Kgb wQj, Zv Kbv Kivi ìKvi
bB| Av`k cvjb m`vcZ _vKvUvI GK cKvi ksLje _vKv e wK!
kqZvb nQ Avb viv m eyw I PZbv mb GK cKvi m~
`navix Rxe| wRbi gaKvi Aeva I Kvwdi wRbwjKB g~jZt
kqZvb bvg AwfwnZ Kiv nq| AvqvZ ksLje K_vwU Gì
RbB ejv nqQ| Avjvn&i wbqY _vKvq Giv myjvqgvbi Kvb wZ
KiZ cviZ bv| eis me`v Zuvi Kzg cvjbi Rb cZ _vKZ|
Zvì wewfb KvRi ga Avjvn wbRB KqKwU KvRi K_v DjL
KiQb| hgb,
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;C,5+a. 1d.*.:0T ;60(1G. 0E,%1.U.u. .

,1C.93 ,1 S .
. . 5)0 06,*+".U,F
.
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Zviv myjvqgvbi BQvbyhvqx `yM, fvh, nvDh m`k en`vKvi cv Ges
Pzjxi Dci vwcZ wekvj WM wbgvY KiZ... (mvev 34/13)| DjL
h, E% Z_v fvh wKsev wP I cwZKwZ AsKb ev vcb hw` MvQ ev
cvKwZK `ki nq, Zvnj Bmjvg Zv Rvqh iqQ| wK hw` Zv
cvYx`ni nq, Ze Zv wbwl|
4. cxKzjK myjvqgvbi AbyMZ Ki Ìqv nqwQj Ges wZwb Zvì
fvlv eySZb| hgb Avjvn ejb,
nE+T 1 .%1u+J. 1,%?! .81!. .,Un"5 5Z3 .H

k0J .
00a. .5. +6.U,%0"5 01C..
>({ E) 5,%15U: +E,M0(: .*5H0 0Q.I ?61@ ;S,A.
myjvqgvb `vEì DivwaKvix nqwQj Ges ejwQj, n jvK mKj!
AvgvìK cxKzji fvlv wkv Ìqv nqQ Ges AvgvìK
mewKQz Ìqv nqQ| wbqB GwU GKwU my kZ (bgj 27/16)|
cxKzj Zuvi Kzg wewfb KvR KiZ| mePq eo K_v GB h, ivxq
iZc~Y c wZwb `` cvwLi gvag cvkeZx mvev ivRi ivYx
wejKxmi KvQ ciY KiwQjb| G NUbv ci weeZ ne|
5. wccxwjKvi fvlvI wZwb eySZb| hgb Avjvn ejb,
f0 ,$+[.1T.. ,*+"5i, +E,U3 .H

k0J .
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Aekl myjvqgvb Zvi mb`j wbq wccxwjKv AaywlZ DcZKvq
cuQj| ZLb wccxwjKv (bZv) ejj, n wccxwjKv `j! Zvgiv ^ ^
Mn cek Ki| Ab_vq myjvqgvb I Zvi evwnbx AvZmvi Zvgvì
Contents
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wc Ki dje| Zvi GB K_v b myjvqgvb gyPwK nvmj... (bgj

27/18-19)|
6. ZuvK Ggb mvgvR `vb Kiv nqwQj, hv cw_exZ Avi KvDK `vb
Kiv nqwb| GRb Avjvn&i Kzg wZwb Avjvn&i wbKU cv_bv
KiwQjb| hgb Avjvn ejb,
.o,0J ./31@ ,z1,F. ,7 ;.0D1 A1 .,

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>(Xb ) >5d3I.*:
myjvqgvb ejj, n Avgvi cvjbKZv! AvgvK gv Ki Ges AvgvK
Ggb GK mvgvR `vb Ki, hv Avgvi ci Avi KD hb bv cvq|
wbqB Zzwg gnvb `vZv (Qvqv` 38/35)|
DjL h, cqMîMYi Kvb `vAv Avjvn&i AbygwZ ewZiK nq
bv| m wnmve nhiZ myjvqgvb (Avt) G `vAvwUI Avjvn ZvAvjvi
AbygwZgB KiwQjb| Kej gZv jvf Gi Dk wQj bv| eis
Gi wcQb Avjvn&i weavbvejx evevqb Kiv Ges ZvInxì SvvK
mgybZ KivB g~j Dk wQj| Kbbv Avjvn RvbZb h, ivRZ jvfi
ci myjvqgvb ZvInx` I BbQvd cwZvi RbB KvR Kieb Ges wZwb
KLbvB AnsKvii ekxf~Z neb bv| ZvB ZuvK Gic `vAvi AbygwZ
Ìqv nq Ges m `vAv mevsk Keyj nq|
Bmjvg bZZ I kvmb gZv Pq bIqv wbwl| Avjvgv RyevC
ejb, Avjvn&i AbygwZgB wZwb GUv PqwQjb| Kbbv bexMY
Avjvn&i Kzg eZxZ Kvb mydvwik KiZ cvib bv| ZvQvov GUv ejvI
mZ ne h, Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK Rvwbq w`qwQjb h, eZgvb
(Rv`y viv wech GB `k) Zzwg eZxZ xbi Rb KjvYKi Ges
h_v_ kvmbi hvMZv Ab Kvi ga bB| AZGe Zzwg cv_bv Kij
Avwg ZvgvK Zv `vb Kie| mgZ wZwb `vAv Kib I Avjvn ZvK
Zv c`vb Kib|80
80. gvng~` Avj~mx (g: 1270wn:), ij gvAvbx (eiZ: `vi GnBqvDZ ZzivwQj Avivex,
Zvwe), Zvdmxi m~iv Qvqv` 35, 23/201 c:|
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7. cv AbyMnivwRi wnmve ivLv ev bv ivLvi AbygwZ c`vb| Avjvn cvK

nhiZ myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi ivRZ jvfi `vAv Keyj Kivi ci Zvi
cwZ evqy, wRb, cxKzj I Rxe-R mg~nK AbyMZ Ki `b| AZtci
ejb,
.,5. 40(:5v0 ..,1 5)0 ?61@. ;d.1 1,%. 1 ,/1,0J ,0J ,5,0 .50!. 0Q.I
>(Y|>Xr ) >;d.
GmeB Avgvi AbyMn| AZGe Gjv Zzwg KvDK `vI A_ev wbR
iL `vI, Zvi Kvb wnmve w`Z ne bv| wbqB Zvi (myjvqgvbi)
Rb Avgvi KvQ iqQ bKU I f cwiYwZ (Qvqv` 38/39-40)|
eZt GwU wQj myjvqgvbi AvgvbZ`vix I wekZ
vi cwZ Avjvn&i c
nZ c` GKcKvi mb`c| cw_exi Kvb ewi Rb mivmwi
Avjvn&i c _K G aibi Kvb mZvqbc bvwhj nqQ ej Rvbv
hvq bv| A_P GB gnvb bex mK B`x-bvQviv wevbiv evR K_v
iUbv Ki _vK|
myjvqgvbi Rxeb DjLhvM NUbvejx :
(1) bvq wePvii NUbv : QvMcvji gvwjK I kmZi gvwjKi
gaKvi weiva gxgvsmvq Zuvi Ìqv cv e ev`kvn `vE` (Avt) MnY
Kib I wbRi Ìqv c~ei ivq evwZj Ki cy myjvqgvbi Ìqv
civgk Abyhvqx ivq `b I Zv KvhKi Kib| GwU wQj myjvqgvbi
evjKvji NUbv, hv Avjvn cwe KziAvb eYbv KiQb (`: Avw^qv
21/78-79)| G NUbv Avgiv `vE` (Avt)-Gi KvwnbxZ ej GmwQ|
(2) wccxwjKvi NUbv : nhiZ myjvqgvb (Avt) GK`v Zuvi wekvj
mbvevwnbx mn GKwU GjvKv AwZg KiwQjb| H mgq Zuvi mv_
wRb, gvbyl cxKzj wQj| h GjvKv w`q Zuviv hvwQjb m GjvKvq
evwji wXwe m`k wccxwjKvì e emZNi wQj| myjvqgvb evwnbxK
AvmZ `L wccxwjKvì m`vi ZvìK ejj, Zvgiv kxN cvjvI|
bBj cv`wc nq kl nq hve| myjvqgvb (Avt) wccxwjKvì GB
ee bZ cjb| G welq KziAvbx eYbv wbgic:
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En +T 1 .%1u+J. 1,%?! .81!. .,Un"5 5Z3 .H

k0J .
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myjvqgvb `vEì jvwfwl nj Ges ejj, n jvK mKj!
AvgvìK cxKzji fvlv wkv Ìqv nqQ Ges AvgvìK
mewKQz Ìqv nqQ| wbqB GwU GKwU my kZ (bgj 16)|
AZtci myjvqgvbi myL Zvi mvbvevwnbxK mgeZ Kiv nj wRb,
gvbyl I cxKzjK| Zvici ZvìK wewfb eyn wef Kiv nj
(17)| AZtci hLb Zviv GKwU wccxwjKv AaywlZ GjvKvq DcbxZ
nj, ZLb GK wccxwjKv ejj, n wccxwjKv `j! Zvgiv Zvgvì
Mn cek Ki| Ab_vq myjvqgvb I Zvi evwnbx AvZmvi
ZvgìK wc Ki dje (18)| Zvi K_v b myjvqgvb gyPwK
nvmj Ges ejj, n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Zzwg AvgvK gZv `vI, hb
Avwg Zvgvi bgZi Kwiqv Av`vq KiZ cvwi, hv Zzwg AvgvK I
Avgvi wcZv-gvZvK `vb KiQ Ges hvZ Avwg Zvgvi cm`bxq
mrKgvw` KiZ cvwi Ges Zzwg AvgvK wbR AbyMn Zvgvi
mrKgkxj ev`vì Afy Ki (bgj 27/16-19)|
Dciv AvqvZwjZ cgvwYZ nq h, myjvqgvb (Avt) Kej cvwLi
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Contents
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hLb Zvi mvgb Aciv DrK AkivwR ck Kiv nj (Qvqv` 31)|

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D NUbvK is Pwoq BmvCjx iIqvqvZ mg~n ewYZ nqQ h,

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eZt GmeB evbvqvU Kvwnbx| Beby KvQxi (int) ejb, Avnj
wKZvei GKwU `j nhiZ myjvqgvb (Avt)-K bex ejB ^xKvi Ki
bv| evnZt Gme Kvwnbx ZvìB AcKxwZ|
(7) BbkvAvjvn bv ejvi dj :
Qnxn eyLvix I gymwjg G welq ewYZ NUbvi mvigg GB h, GKevi
nhiZ myjvqgvb (Avt) G gbvfve e Kijb h, ivwZ Avwg
(Avgvi 90 ev 100) mKj xi m wgwjZ ne| hvZ cZKi Mf
_K GKwU Ki cy mvb RbMnY Ki I ci Zviv Avjvn&i c_
Nvo mIqvi nq wRnv` Kie| wK G mgq wZwb BbkvAvjvn (A_t
hw` Avjvn Pvb) ejZ fyj Mjb| bexi G wU Avjvn cm`
Kijb bv| dj gv GKRb xi Mf _K GKwU Ac~Yv I gZ wk
f~wg nj|83 Gi viv eySvbv nqQ h, myjvqgvb weki mevwaK
gZvmb ev`kvn njI Ges wRb, evqy, cxKzj I mKj RxeR
Zuvi Kzg ei`vi njI Avjvn&i BQv eZxZ Zvi wKQzB Kivi gZv
wQj bv| AZGe Zuvi BbkvAvjvn ejZ fyj hvIqvUv QvULvU Kvb
Aciva bq| G NUbvq GUvI nq h, hviv hZ eo c`vwaKvix
neb, Zvì ZZekx Avjvn&i AbyMZ nZ ne Ges mevevq mKj
KvR Avjvn&i mvnvh cv_bv KiZ ne| me`v webxZ nq PjZ ne
Ges Kvb AevZB AnsKvi Kiv Pje bv|
83. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/5720 wKqvgZi Aev Aavq mwi m~Pbv I
bexMYi AvjvPbv AbyQ`-9|
Contents
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AbK Zvdmxiwe` m~iv Qvqv` 34 AvqvZ ewYZ wmsnvmbi Dci

wbcvY `n ivLvi NUbvi mv_ wKQzUv mv`k `L Qnxn eyLvixZ
ewYZ Dciv NUbvK D AvqvZi Zvdmxi wnmve mve KiQb|
Zviv ejb h, wmsnvmb wbcvY `n ivLvi A_ GB h, myjvqgvb
(Avt)-Gi RbK PvKi D gZ mvbK Gb Zuvi wmsnvmb iL
`q| GZ myjvqgvb (Avt) eyS bb h, GUv Zuvi BbkvAvjvn bv
ejvi dj| mgZ wZwb Avjvn&i w`K iRy njb I gv cv_bv
Kijb| Kvhx Aveym mvE`, Avjvgv Avj~mx, Avkivd Avjx _vbfx cgyL
G Zvdmxi eYbv KiQb| GZZxZ Bgvg ivhxI AviKwU Zvdmxi
KiQb h, myjvqgvb (Avt) GKevi iZi Amy nq Ggb `yej nq
cob h, wmsnvmb emvj ZuvK wbcvY `n ej gb nZ| ci my
nj wZwb Avjvn&i w`K iRy nb...| G Zvdmxi GKeviB Abygvb
wfwK| KziAvbx eYbvi mv_ Gi Kvb wgj bB|
cKZ cv e Qnxn eyLvixZ ewYZ NUbvK D AvqvZi AKv Zvdmxi
ejv hvq bv| Kbbv G NUbvq ewYZ iIqvqvZ mg~ni KvbUvZB
Gic BwZ cvIqv hvq bv h, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) AvjvP NUbvwUK D
AvqvZi Zvdmxi wnmve eYbv KiQb| meZt G KviYB A
nv`xQwU Qnxn eyLvixi wRnv` Avw^qv kc_mg~n cfwZ Aavq
GKvwaK mb` Avbv njI m~iv Qvqvì Dciv 34 AvqvZi
Zvdmxi Bgvg eyLvix Avbbwb| GZ eySv hvq h, Bgvg eyLvixi gZI
AvjvP nv`xQwU D AvqvZi Zvdmxi bq| eis ivm~j~jvn (Qvt)
Abvb cqMîi hgb e NUbv eYbv KiQb, GUvI Zgwb GKwU
wewQb NUbv gv| GUv Kvb AvqvZi Zvdmxi bq|
eZt KziAvb cvK GB NUbv DjL Kivi Avmj Dk nj gvbylK
GK_v eySvbv h, Zviv Kvb wec`vc` ev cixvq cwZZ nj hb
c~evcv AwaKfve Avjvn&i w`K iRy nq| hgb myjvqgvb (Avt)
nqwQjb|
(8) nviZ I gviZ dikZvqi Kvwnbx :
myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi ivRZKvj eCgvb wRbiv jvKì auvKv w`Z
GB ej h, myjvqgvb Rv`yi Rvi mewKQz Kib| wZwb Kvb bex bb|
kqZvbì fwevwRZ e jvK wev nwQj| GgbwK klbex
Contents
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157
(Qvt)-Gi mgqI hLb wZwb myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi cksmv Kib, ZLb

B`x bZviv ejwQj, Avhi welq h, gynvv` myjvqgvbK bexì
ga kvwgj Ki nK I evwZji ga mswgkY NUvQb| A_P wZwb
wQjb GKRb Rv`yKi gv| Kbbv ^vfvweKfve Kvb gvbyl wK evqyi
wcV mIqvi nq PjZ cvi? (Beby Rvixi)|
GY myjvqgvb (Avt) h mZ bex, wZwb h Rv`yKi bb, RbMYK
mUv eywSq Ìqvi Rb Ges bexMYi gyRhv I kqZvbì Rv`yi
ga cv_K eySvevi Rb Avjvn cvK nviZ I gviZ bvg `yRb
dikZvK evej kni gvbyli ek cvwVq `b| evej nj
BivKi GKwU cvPxb bMix, hv Hmgq Rv`y we`vi K` wQj|
dikZvq mLvb Gm Rv`yi îc I fwevwR mK RbMYK
AewnZ KiZ _vKb Ges Rv`yKiì AbymiY _K weiZ nq hb
mevB myjvqgvbi beyAZi Abymvix nq, mK_v ejZ jvMjb|
Rv`y I gyRhvi cv_K GB h, Rv`y cvKwZK KviYi Aaxb| KviY
eZxZ Rv`y msNwUZ nq bv| wK `kK m KviY mK AewnZ _vK
bv ejB ZvZ wev nq| GgbwK KzdixZ wj nq Ges H
Rv`yKiKB mKj gZvi gvwjK ej aviYv KiZ _vK| AvRKi
hyM wfwWI wPmn nvhvi gvBj `~ii fvlY Ni em b Ges `L
hKvb A jvKi c wbtm`n wevwZ cov ^vfvweK| Zgwb
mhyMI Rv`yKiì wewfb AjwKK e `L A gvbyl wevwZ
coZ|
cvi gyRhv Kvb cvKwZK KviYi Aaxb bq| eis Zv mivmwi
Avjvn&i wb`k mvw`Z nq| bex eZxZ Avjvn&i wcq ev`vì cwZ
Zuvi KvivgZ ev mvb c`kbi welqwUI GKBfve mvw`Z nq|
GZ cvKwZK KviYi hgb Kvb mZv bB, Zgwb mvwbZ
ewi wbR^ Kvb gZv ev nvZ bB| Dfq ei cv_K eySvi mnR
Dcvq GB h, gyRhv Kej bexMYi gvagB cKvwkZ nq| hviv
AvjvnfxwZ, DbZ Pwi gvayh Ges cwe Rxeb hvcb mn mKj gvbweK
Y meKvj mKji Av`k vbxq nb|
Contents
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158
Avi bex I AjxMYi ga cv_K GB h, bexMY cKvk beyAZi

`vex Ki _vKb| wK AjxMY KLbvB wbRK Ajx ej `vex Kib
bv| AjxMY mvaviYfve bKKvi gvbyl| wK bexMY Avjvn&i
weklfve wbevwPZ ev`v, hvìK wZwb beyAZi i`vwqZ AcY Ki
_vKb| bexMYi gyRhv cKvk Zvì wbR^ Kvb gZv ev KwZZ
bB| cvi `y jvKivB Rv`ywe`v wkL I Zvi gvag wbRì
`ywbqv nvwQj Ki _vK| Dfqi Pwi RbMYi gvS cwivifve
cv_K mw Ki|
eZt myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi beyAZi mg_bB Avjvn Zuvi wekl
AbyMn nviZ I gviZ dikZvqK evej kni cvwVq wQjb| G
mK Avjvn ejb,
3 1[0. +6.U,%0"5 .0(0T .. 06.U,%0"5 1/:"5 40". 5,%1O.%3 *+",-.u . ,*5F.3u.
.j,5C.I 0E1.1 1,%0[0".U: 40". 01v,+J .. .,97 .Z3 06,*5Un".F
5 ,50(0T .,%1O,%3
06,*5U?".F.-.%0 ,+(:[.u 00 _.,-1 5,9. .U31@ 0f,*+=
. 43-. ;.0J ,1 16.Un".F
5 .. .j,5C..
61 :`121 ?f1@ ;.0J ,1 1)1 .
7C.M1 ,$5I .. 1)1G,.g. 1S,.U: .,%. 1)1 06,*+a70(
5 . .U5H,1
A1 5)0 . 5l..-, 1.U0 ,*5U1". ,0=0. ,$5H5F0(,
. 0f. ,$5Ik5M
. . 06,*5U?".F.-
.. 1'
,$5H30J ,*0. >06,*5U0",F
. ,*50T ,*0 ,$5H.+(,0J 1)1 ,.. . .:10. ;c0.i ,1 1h.1i^
>{|~ h= ) >06,*5U0",F
. ,*50T ,*0 ,%.i 1' 1,1 ,7 _.,*+.U0 ,*0=3u ,*5.}
>({|X
(B`x-bvQvivMY) H mei AbymiY Ki _vK, hv myjvqgvbi
ivRZKvj kqZvbiv Avew KiZ| A_P myjvqgvb Kzdix Kibwb, eis
kqZvbivB Kzdix KiwQj| Zviv gvbylK Rv`y we`v wkv w`Z Ges
evej kni nviZ I gviZ `yB dikZvi Dci hv bvwhj nqwQj, Zv
wkv w`Z| eZt Zviv (nviZ-gviZ) Dfq GK_v bv ej KvDK
wkv w`Z bv h, Avgiv GmwQ cixv îc| KvRB Zzwg (Rv`y wkL)
Kvwdi nqv bv| wK Zviv Zvì KvQ _K Ggb Rv`y wkLZ, hvi viv
Contents
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159
^vgx-xi ga weQ` NU| A_P Avjvn&i Av`k eZxZ Zviv Zviv

Kvi wZ KiZ cviZ bv| jvKiv Zvì KvQ wkLZ Hme e hv
Zvì wZ Ki Ges Zvì Kvb DcKvi Ki bv| Zviv fvjfveB
Rvb h, h KD Rv`y Aej^b Kie, Zvi Rb AvLivZ Kvb Ask
bB| hvi wewbgq Zviv AvZweq KiQ, Zv LyeB g`, hw` Zviv
RvbZv| hw` Zviv Cgvb AvbZ I Avjvnfxi nZ, Ze Avjvn&i KvQ
_K Dg cwZ`vb cZ, hw` Zviv RvbZ (evKvivn 2/102-103)|
ejv evj, myjvqgvb (Avt)-K wRb, evqy, cxKzj I RxeRi Dci
GKQ gZv `vb Kiv wQj Avjvn&i GK gnv cixv| kqZvb I
Zvì Abymvix `y jvKiv me`v GUvK eev`x `wZ `LQ Ges
hywevì a~gRvj co c_ nvwiqQ| A_P Avjvn&i bex myjvqgvb
(Avt) me`v Avjvn&i bgZi Kwiqv Av`vq KiQb| AvgivI Zvi
beyAZi cwZ wavnxbfve wekvm vcb Kwi|
(9) evqZzj gyKvvm wbgvY I myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi gZzi weqKi NUbv :
evqZzj gyKvvmi wbgvY mec_g dikZvì gvag A_ev Av`g
(Avt)-Gi Kvb mvbi gvag mb nq KvevMn wbgvYi Pwjk eQi
ci| AZtci ^cvw` nq nhiZ BqvKe (Avt) Zv cybwbgvY Kib|
Zvi cvq nvhvi eQi ci `vE` (Avt) Zvi cybwbgvY i Kib Ges
myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi nvZ Zv mgv nq| wK g~j wbgvY KvR kl
njI AvbymwK wKQz KvR ZLbI evKx wQj| Ggb mgq nhiZ
myjvqgvbi gZzKvj Nwbq Gj| GB KvRwj AevaZvceY wRbì
Dci b wQj| Zviv nhiZ myjvqgvbi fq KvR KiZ| Zviv Zuvi
gZz msev` RvbZ cvij KvR dj iL cvjvZv| dj wbgvY KvR
Am~Y _K hZ| ZLb myjvqgvb (Avt) Avjvn&i wb`k gZzi Rb
cZ nq Zuvi KuvP wbwgZ gnive cek Kijb| hvZ evBi _K
wfZi mewKQz `Lv hvq| wZwb weavbvbyhvqx Bev`Zi Dk jvwVZ
fi Ki ùvwoq Mjb, hvZ in ewiq hvevi ciI jvwVZ fi w`q
`n ^vb ùvwoq _vK| mUvB nj| Avjvn&i Kzg Zuvi `n D
jvwVZ fi Ki GK eQi ùvwoq _vKj| `n cPjv bv, Lmjv bv ev
Contents
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co Mj bv| wRbiv fq KvQ hvqwb| dj Zviv nvofvv LvUzwb LU

KvR kl Ki djj| Gfve KvR mgv nj Avjvn&i Kzg wKQz DB
cvKvi mvnvh jvwV f Ìqv nq Ges myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi jvk
gvwUZ co hvq| D K_vwj Avjvn ejb wbgv fve-
3U0"0 5).u0D.,1 +E+T:D.u 1B,C0D: +3. ?f1@ 1)1u,*. 40". ,$5H?. . .j,*.U: 1),%0". .,%.M0a 3U0"0
>1,%1H5U: 1d0Q.F: A1 ,*+10 . .,%. : 06,*5U0",F
. ,*50T ,*? 60J k1: 1o.3%..u 3.i
>({Y )
AZtci hLb Avgiv myjvqgvbi gZz NUvjvg, ZLb NybcvKvB
wRbìK Zuvi gZz mK AewnZ Kij| myjvqgvbi jvwV Lq
hvwQj| AZtci hLb wZwb gvwUZ co Mjb, ZLb wRbiv eySZ
cvij h, hw` Zviv A`k welq RvbZv, Zvnj Zviv (gmwR`
wbgvYi) GB nvofvv LvUzwbi Avhvei ga Ave _vKZv bv (mvev
34/14)| myjvqgvbi gZzi GB NUbv AvswkK KziAvbi AvjvP
AvqvZi Ges AvswkK Beb Avevm (ivt) cgyL _K ewYZ nqQ
(Beb KvQxi)|
myjvqgvbi GB AjwKK gZz Kvwnbxi ga wkYxq welq mg~n :
(1) gZzi wbavwiZ mgq DcwZ nj bex-ivm~j h-B nb bv Kb,
GK mK AvMwcQ ne bv|
(2) Avjvn Kvb gnvb KvR mb KiZ PvBj hKvb Dcvq Zv
mb Kib| GgbwK gZ jvki gvagI KiZ cvib|
(3) BwZc~e wRbiv wewfb AvMvg Lei Gb ejZ h, Avgiv Mvqei
Lei Rvwb| A_P PvLi mvgb gZzeiYKvix myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi Lei
Zviv RvbZ cviwb GK eQii ga| GZ Zvì A`k vbi `vex
Amvi cgvwYZ nq|
Contents
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161
mskq wbimb
(1) myjvqgvbi AvswU Pzwi I ivRZ niY :
evKvivn 102 : 06.U,%0"5 1/:"5 40". 5,%1O.%3 *+",-.u . ,*5F.3u. Ges
myjvqgvbi ivRZ kqZvbMY hv Avew KiZ, Zviv (B`xiv) Zvi
AbymiY KiZ|
D AvqvZi evLvq Zvdmxi RvjvjvBb ejv nqQ, 9
>)+[" .1v5 3U0 )%T o )- oT (kqZvbiv) Rv`y nZ

(Avew KiZ), hv myjvqgvb-Gi wmsnvmbi bxP Zviv `vdb KiwQj
Zuvi ivRZ wQwbq bIqvi cvvj| Avgiv ewj, myjvqgvb (Avt)
GKRb Rjxjyj Kì bex wQjb| wZwb Rv`yKi wQjb bv ev Rv`yi
kwi ej wZwb mewKQyK AbyMZ Kibwb| Zuvi wmsnvmbi bxP Kvb
Rv`yI KD jywKq ivLwb| ZvQvov Zuvi ivRZ wQwbq bevi gZ Kvb
ANUb NUwb Ges Ggb Kvb LeiI Avjvn ev Zuvi ivm~j (Qvt)
AvgvìK `bwb| Gwj bexMYi ghv`vi eiLjvd Ges md
BmvCjx KKvwnbx gv|
AZGe D AvqvZ mg~ni cKvk A_ GB h, myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi
AZzjbxq mvgvR Clvw^Z kqZvbiv me iwUq `q h, wRb-Bbmvb
I c-cx mevi Dci myjvqgvbi GKvwacZi g~j KviY nj Zuvi
cwVZ wKQy Kvjgv, hvi wKQy wKQy Avgiv Rvwb| hviv Gwj wkLe I
Zvi Dci Avgj Kie, ZvivI Abyic gZv ARb KiZ cvie|
ZLb jvKiv Hme Rv`y we`v wkLZ SzuK coj I Zvì Abymvix nj
Ges Kzdix KiZ i Kij| ewYZ AvqvZ Gi cwZev` Kiv nqQ
Ges myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi wb`vwlZv NvlYv Kiv nqQ Ges ejv nqQ
h, myjvqgvb Rv`yi ej bq, eis Avjvn&i Ìqv gZv ej `k kvmb
Kib| g~j K_v nj, B`xiv mKj bexK Mvwj w`qQ Ges mfve
myjvqgvb (Avt)-KI ZvngZ w`qQ|
(2) nviZ I gviZi Kvwnbx :
GKB AvqvZ nviZ I gviZ `yB dikZv mK ewYZ nqQ|
hLvb gvbbxq ZvdmxiKvi ejQb, T 6 : Z @ a
Contents
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>9 6U"F
Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb, Zviv wQjb `yRb Rv`yKi|
Zviv Rv`y wkv w`Zb| A_P Zvuiv Rv`yKi wQjb bv| eis dikZv
wQjb| hviv KLbvB Avjvn&i Aeva wQjb bv| Rv`yKi ej Zvì
Dci ZvngZ jvMvbv nqQ gv|
GZZxZ evnij gynxZ, evqhvex cfwZ Zvdmxi M hgb ejv nqQ
h, (K) Avjvn ZvìK cixv îc gvbyl wnme `ywbqvq
cvwVqwQjb| ci Zviv gvbyli bvq gnvcvc wj nq| (L) ZLb
kvw îc Zvì cvq eox w`q evej kni GKwU cvnvoi nvi
ga AvUwKq ivLv nq| hviv hLvb wKqvgZ ch Aevb Kie| (M)
Avi h myìx gqwUi m Zviv ewfPvi wj nqwQj, m gqwU
Avmgvb hvniv ZviKv wnme wKqvgZ ch Szj _vKe-- Gwj
me Zvdmxii bvg DU M gv, hv myjvqgvbi k B`x-bvQvivì
Dei gwi dmj Qvov wKQyB bq|
g~j NUbv GB h, H mgq BivKi evej ev ewejb kni Rv`y we`vq
kxl wQj| myjvqgvbi wekvj gZvK kqZvb I `y jvKiv D Rv`y
we`vi dj ej iUbv KiZ| ZLb beyAZ I Rv`yi ga cv_K
eySvbvi Rb Avjvn nviZ I gviZ bvgK `yRb dikZvK mLvb
wkK wnmve gvbyli ek cvVvb| Zviv jvKì Rv`y we`vi
AwbKvwiZv I beyAZi KjvYKvwiZv mK eySvZ _vKb| wK
jvKiv AKjvYKi welqwjB wkLZ PvBZ| hv KziAvbi D
AvqvZ ewYZ nqQ|
(3) myjvqgvbi (Avt)-Gi Dci c` ZvngZ :
Qvqv` 34 : .d.0J 3$+ K..G 1)7%1,+T 40". .,%0=:0J. 06.U,%0"5 3.-0 ,0=0. Avwg
mvjvqgvbK cixv Kijvg Ges Zvi Avmbi Dci iL w`jvg
GKwU wbcvY `n| AZtci m webZ nj| GLvb Zvdmxi
RvjvjvBb ejv nqQ,
$W Fu oT I*I hJ )Gv- /` )[" l%"-

S hC@ h ) )i )["5 6T )U" y lC
lQiD 6U%" hC*x 4G IS )u 4" % hU hJJ
Contents
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163
@ Ex 6D <

J F )["5 @ 6U%" pGC : dJ ...H
>)%T 4" "G ) "
Avgiv ZvK Zvi ivRZi KviY cixv Kijvg| mUv GB h, wZwb
GKRb gwnjvK weevn Kib, hvi cwZ wZwb Avm nqwQjb| H
gwnjv Zvi Mn Zvi AMvPi g~wZ c~Rv KiZ| Avi myjvqgvbi ivRZ
wQj Zvi AvswUi KviY| GKw`b wZwb UqjU hvevi mgq AfvmekZt
AvswUwU Lyj Zuvi D x Avgxbv-i wbKU iL hvb| Ggb mgq
GKwU wRb myjvqgvbi ic aviY Ki mLvb DcwZ nq I Zvi wbKU
_K AvswUwU wbq bq|...AZtci myjvqgvb ewiq Gm `Lb Zuvi
wmsnvmb AbRb em AvQ Ges jvKiv mevB ZvK A^xKvi
Ki|...AZtci m webZ nj A_vr myjvqgvb wKQy w`b ci Zuvi
AvswUi wbKU cuQ hvb| AZtci AvswU cwiavb Ki wbR ivR Avmb
Dcekb Kib|
Avgiv ewj, GB evLvi ga gvivZK wU iqQ| Kbbv GB evLv
viv bex I Zuvi cwe xì ghv`vnvwb Kiv nqQ| hLvb bexì
Bh&hZi ndvhZi `vwqZ Avjvn&i, mLvb G aibi Zvdmxi evwZj
cwZcb nIqv ^vfvweK welq| myjvqgvb (Avt)-K Avjvn cixv
KiwQjb Ges m cixvi dj wZwb Avjvn&i w`K AwaKZi iRy
nqwQjb| KziAvb gvRx` GB NUbv AvgvìK bvbvi Dk nj
hvZ AvgivI Kvb cixvq wbcwZZ nj w`knviv bv nq hb
Avjvn&i w`K AwaKZi iRy I webxZ nB- GK_v eySvbv| GLvb g~j
NUbv eYbv Kiv Avjvn&i Dk bq| Zvi Kvb cqvRbI bB Ges
Zvi Rvbvi h_v_ Kvb DcvqI Avgvì KvQ bB|
G mK gvbbxq ZvdmxiKvi h AvswUi NUbv DjL KiQb,
ZvQvovI Zuvi AvswU kqZvbi Kivq nIqv, 40w`b ci Zv gvQi cU
_K Dvi Ki cybivq wmsnvmb wdi cvIqv BZvw` MK nvdh
Beby KvQxi md BmvCjx DcK_v ej cZvLvb KiQb|
bex myjvqgvbi ^xq xì mv_ NUbvi h weeiY Qnxn eyLvix mn
Abvb nv`xQ M GmQ, mwUK Kvhx Aveym mE`, Avjvgv Avj~mx,
Avkivd Avjx _vbfx cgyL gydvmwmiMYi bvq AbK A AvqvZi
Contents
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Zvdmxi feQb| wK mUvI wVK bq| Bgvg eyLvix ^qs D

nv`xQK A AvqvZi Zvdmxi Avbbwb| eis wewfb bexi NUbv
eYbvi bvq ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) myjvqgvb bex mÎ GKwU NUbv DjL
KiQb gv| A AvqvZi kvb byh~j ev evLv wnmve bq| DjL
h, B.dv.ev. XvKv-i Abyevì UxKvZI D NUbvK A AvqvZi
evLvq Avbv nqQ (ct 744 UxKv 141)| hv wbZvB fyj|
myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi Rxebx _K wkYxq welq mg~n :
1. beyAZ I LjvdZ GK GKB ewi gvag cwiPvwjZ nIqv me|
2. agB ivRbxwZi cavb PvwjKv kw| agxq ivRbxwZi gvagB
cw_exZ cKZ kvw cwZv Kiv me|
3. cKZ gnvb wZwbB, whwb mevP gZvi AwaKvix nqI AnsKvix nb
bv| eis me`v Avjvn&i cwZ webxZ _vKb|
4. kgy Kvb gvbyl `ywbqvZ bB| myjvqgvbi gZ GKQ Ges
AcwZx ev`kvn&i weiI Pv, loh I wg_vPvi Pvjvbv nqQ|
5. m~Y wbt^v_fve cRvmvaviYi KvR KijI Zviv AbK mgq bv
eyS weivwaZv Ki| hgb evqZzj gyKvvm gmwRì wbgvY KvR mgv
bv nIqvq Avjvn evKx mgqi Rb myjvqgvbi cvYnxb `nK jvwVZ
Vm w`q ùvo Kwiq ivLb wRb wgx I RvMvoì fq `Lvbvi
Rb| hvZ Zviv KvR dj iL Pj bv hvq Ges bZzb Pv wj
nevi myhvM bv cvq|
myjvqgvbi gZz I ivRZKvj :
myjvqgvb (Avt) 53 eQi euPwQjb| Zba 40 eQi wZwb ivRZ
Kib| Zuvi gZzi ci Zuvi cy ivnevAvg (<F C) 17 eQi ivRZ
Kib| AZtci eby BmvCji ivRZ wef nq hvq|84 myjvqgvb
gbQ~icyixi wnmve gZ klbex (Qvt)-Gi Avwefvei cvq 1546 eQi
c~e myjvqgvb (Avt) gZzeiY Kib|85
84. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 2/29-30|
85. gvbQ~icyix, ingvZzj wjj Avjvgxb 3/109 ct|
Contents
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165
19. nhiZ Bwjqvm (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)

cwe KziAvb gv `yRvqMvq nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi AvjvPbv `Lv
hvq| m~iv AvbAvg 85 AvqvZ I m~iv QvddvZ 123-132 AvqvZ|
m~iv AvbAvg 83-85 AvqvZ 18 Rb bexi ZvwjKvq Zuvi bvg iqQ|
mLvb Kvb AvjvPbv vb cvqwb| Ze m~iv QvddvZ msc njI
Zuvi `vIqvZi welq AvjvKcvZ Kiv nqQ| HwZnvwmK eYbvq G
welq cvq mevB GKgZ h, wZwb nhiZ wnh&Kxj (Avt)-Gi ci Ges
nhiZ Avj-Bqvmv (Avt)-Gi c~e `vgi cwg evjv evv (/ "F)
Aji eby BmvCjMYi cwZ cwiZ nqwQjb| GB mgq nhiZ
myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi Dimyixì AcKgi ìY eby BmvCji mvgvR
`yfvM wef nq cowQj| GK fvMK Bqvn~w`qvn ejv nZ Ges
Zvì ivRavbx wQj evqZzj gyKvvm| Aci fvMi bvg wQj BmvCj
Ges Zvì ivRavbx wQj ZrKvjxb mvgivn Ges eZgvb bvejym|
Bwjqvmi Rbvb :
nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt) wdwjxbi cvkeZx RWvbi AvjAv` bvgK vb
RbMnY Kib| Avjvn cvK ZuvK bex wnmve gbvbxZ Kib Ges
wdwjxb Aj ZvInxì cPvi I cmvii wb`k `vb Kib|
wdwjxbi agxq I mvgvwRK Aev :
GB mgq wdwjxbi evqZzj gyKvvm I bvejym Aj eby BmvCjì
`yB Mci `ywU ivRavbx wQj| Zviv Avcvl cii gvigyLx wQj|
dj Avmv beyAZx mgvR eev _K Zviv AbK `~i GKwU cwZZ
mgvR cwiYZ nqwQj| wKZveavix I wKZvenxb Rvnjx mgvRi ga
cv_K Kivi Kvb Dcvq wQj bv|
ZLbKvi BmvCj-Gi kvmbKZvi bvg wQj AvwLqve ev AvLxe| Zvi
x wQj Bhexj| h evj (EF) bvgK GK èg~wZi c~Rv KiZ| m
evj g~wZi bvg GK wekvj Dcvmbvjq Zix Ki Ges mLvb mKj
Contents
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166
eby BmvCjK g~wZc~Rvq Avnvb Ki| `j `j jvK mw`K AvK

nwQj| g~mv-nviY, `vE` I myjvqgvb bexi DZiv webv wavq
wkiKi gnvcvZK AvZvwZ w`wQj| Ggb GK ggvwK Aevq Avjvn
cvK Zvì wbKU ZvInxì evYx cPvii Rb BwjqvmK bex wnmve
ciY Kib|
Bwjqvmi `vIqvZ :
wkiK AvQb wdwjxbevmxK nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt) ZvInxì `vIqvZ
`b Ges wkiK cwiZvM Kivi Avnvb Rvbvb| Kbbv wkiK I
ZvInxì GK mnvevb KLbvB me bq| Bwjqvm I Zuvi `vIqvZ
mK Avjvn ejb,
06,5C0Q.u. K,F. 06,*5,.u0J >06,*+=3-.u 0f0J 1)1,*0=1 00a :`1@ >.,%1".,5U: .1U0 .Z.%:1@ ?61@.
,$5H3120 5l,*5?Q0[0 >.,%130D: 5$+[1N.} 3d.C. ,$+[3.C R' >.,%1=1.t: ..,0J
40". <0. >.
,11i: A1 1),%0". .:T..u. >.,%1W0",t5U: 1' ..1 ?f1@ >06,5.M,95U0
>.,%11,5U: .1.1 ,1 5)31@ >.,%11,95U: z1v,. ./10Q0T 31@ >.,%1.
:1@
>({X~>{~X jW)
wbqB Bwjqvm wQj cwiZ ivm~jMYi AbZg (QvddvZ 123)| hLb
m Zvi mc`vqK ejj, Zvgiv wK fq Ki bv? (124) Zvgiv wK
evj èZvi c~Rv Kie Avi mevg mvK cwiZvM Kie? (125)
whwb Avjvn, Zvgvì cvjbKZv I Zvgvì c~ecyilì cvjbKZv
(126)| AZtci Zviv ZuvK wg_v cwZcb Kij| AZGe Zviv AekB
MdZvi nq Avme (127)| wK Avjvn&i LuvwU ev`vMY eZxZ
(128)| Avgiv GB wbqgi Dci cieZxìKI iL w`qwQ (129)|
Bwjqvm-Gi Dci kvw ewlZ nK (130)| GfveB Avgiv
mrKgxì cwZ`vb w`q _vwK (131)| wbqB Bwjqvm wQj Avgvì
wekvmx ev`vì Afy (QvddvZ 37/123-132)|
Contents
167
167
`vIqvZi djkwZ :
weMZ bexMYi h `yiev nqwQj, Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi fvM Zvi
ewZg nqwb| wZwb BmvCji kvmK AvwLqve I Zvi cRve`K evj
èg~wZi c~Rv KiZ wbla Kijb Ges GK Avjvn&i cwZ Bev`Zi
Avnvb Rvbvjb| wK `yGKRb nKcx ew Qvov KD Zuvi K_vq
KYcvZ Kij bv| Zviv Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi wei bvbv AccPvi wj
nj| ZvK hZ Acgvb-Ac` Kiv i Kij| GgbwK `wnK
wbhvZbI i nq Mj| wK Bwjqvm (Avt) Zuvi `vIqvZ Pvwjq hZ
_vKb| Aekl ivRv I ivYx ZuvK nZv Kivi wmv bb| dj wZwb
ivRavbx Qo AbK `~i GK cvnvoi nvq AvZMvcb Kijb Ges
`ywf bvwhji Rb Avjvn&i wbKU cv_bv Kijb| dj mviv `k
evcK `ywf `Lv w`j| Bwjqvm (Avt) gb Kijb `ywf `~i Kivi
Rb wZwb hw` ZvìK gvRhv c`kb Kib, Zvnj nqZ Zviv
wkiK eRb Ki ZvInx` Keyj Kie Ges GK Avjvn&i Bev`Z wdi
Avme|
ev`kvn&i ìevi Bwjqvmi DcwwZ :
Avjvn&i Kzg nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt) ZvInxì `vIqvZ wbq mivmwi
BmvCji ev`kvn AvwLqvei ìevi nvwhi njb| wZwb ejjb,
`kevcx GB `ywfi KviY nj Avjvn&i bvdigvbx| Zvgiv bvdigvbx
_K weiZ nj G Avhve `~i nZ cvi| Zvgiv ej _vK h,
Zvgvì evj èZvi bvwK mvo Pvik bex (!) AvQ| ZvB hw` nq,
Zvnj Zzwg Zvì mevBK GKwZ Ki| Zviv GB `ywf `~i Kivi
Rb evj èZvi bvg Kzievbx KiK| Avi Avwg GKB Dk
Avjvn&i bvg Kzievbx ck Kwi| hvi Kzievbx Avmgvb _K Avb Gm
f Ki è, Zvi agB mZ ej MY ne| Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi G
cve mevB mvb` gb wbj|
Avjvn I evj èZvi bvg Kzievbxi NUbv :
c~e wmv Abyhvqx Kvn Kvigvj bvgK cvnvox DcZKvq mKj
mgeZ nj| evj èZvi bvg Zvi wg_v bexiv Kzievbx ck Kij|
Contents
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168
mKvj _K `ycyi ch evj èZvi Dk AvKzwZ-wgbwZ I

KvbvKvwU Ki cv_bv Kiv nj| wK èZvi Kvb mvov cvIqv Mj
bv| Avmgvb _K Kvb Avb bvwhj nj bv|
AZtci nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt) Avjvn&i bvg Kzievbx Kijb Ges
h_vmgq Avmgvb _K Avb Gm Zv Lq Mj| eZt GUvB wQj
Kzievbx Keyj nIqvi wb`kb| GfveB Keyj nqwQj Av`gcy nvexji
Kzievbx| ZLbKvi mgq gykwiKì gaI G ixwZ MnYhvM wQj, hv
Bwjqvmi eZgvb NUbvq cgvwYZ nq|
Avmgvb _K Avb Gm Kzievbx Keyji GB Afvebxq `k `L
AbK mv_ mv_ wmR`vq co Mj Ges Bwjqvmi xb Keyj Ki
wbj| mKji wbKU Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi mZZv nq Mj| wK
evj c~Rvix Kw_Z agbZviv Zvì whì Dci AUj iBj| GBme
wg_v bexiv I Zvì ^v_v Abymvixiv Cgvb Avbj bv|
Bwjqvm (Avt)-K cybivq nZvi loh :
Iw`K AvwLqvei x BLexj nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt)-K cybivq nZvi
Pv i Ki w`j| dj wZwb ivRavbx mvgivn (bvejym) Qo Pj
Mjb Ges wKQzw`b ci eby BmvCji Aci ivR cvkeZx Bqvn~w`qvnZ
DcwZ njb| Hmgq evj c~Rvi XD GLvbI jMwQj| nhiZ
Bwjqvm (Avt) mLvb cuQ ZvInxì `vIqvZ i Kijb|
mLvbKvi mgvU Bivg-Gi KvQI wZwb `vIqvZ w`jb| wK wbivk
njb| Aekl Zuvi fwelvYx Abyhvqx m asmcv nj|
KqK eQi ci Bwjqvm (Avt) cybivq BmvCj wdi Gjb Ges
AvwLqve I Zvi cy AvLwhqv-K mZ c_ Avbvi Pv Kijb| wK
Zviv Zvì wkiKx avb-aviYvq AUj iBj| Aekl Zvì Dci
e`wkK AvgY I gvivZK ivM-ewai Mhe bvwhj nj| AZtci
Avjvn cvK Zuvi bexK DwVq wbjb|
nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt) RxweZ AvQb wK?
myq~Zx, Beb AvmvwKi, nvKg cgyLi wewfb eYbvq cZxqgvb nq h,
PviRb bex RxweZ AvQb| Zba wLwhi I Bwjqvm `ywbqvZ Ges
Contents
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169
Bìxm I Cmv Avmgvb iqQb| wK nvKg I Beby KvQxi Gme

eYbvK we ejbwb| mviK_v, nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi RxweZ
_vKvi welqwU Kvb Qnxn nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ bq| AZGe Gme eYbvi
cwZ KYcvZ Kivi Kvb cqvRb bB| Bwjqvm (Avt) ^vfvweK
cwqvq gZzeiY KiQb ejB Avgiv wekvm Kie|
evj èZvi cwiPq :
m~iv QvddvZ 125 AvqvZ h evj (EF) èZvi K_v ejv nqQ,
Aviex fvlvq Gi A_ ^vgx ev gvwjK| wK meZt GwU wne k|
Kbbv ZLbKvi mgq wdwjxb Aji fvlv Beivbx ev wne wQj| GwU
BmvCjxì c~wRZ èg~wZi bvg| nhiZ g~mv (Avt)-Gi mgq kvg
Aj Gi c~Rv nZ Ges GUvB wQj Zvì mevwaK Rbwcq èZv|
evj evv (/ "F) kwU 4N T ev AcwieZbxq hwMK ki
D`vniY wnmve Aviex evKiYi GKwU AwZ cwiwPZ k| GwU
jevbbi GKwU cwm knii bvg, hv D evj èZvi bvgB
bvgKiY Kiv nqQ| Kvi Kvi gZ Rvnjx Avieì cwm èg~wZ
nvej (E I) GB evjiB Aci bvg| gvi LyhvAvn Mvi bZv
Avgi web jynvB mec_g wmwiqv _K e g~ji wewbgq GB g~wZ wbq
Gm Kvev Mn vcb Kib Ges RbMYK GB ej Avk Kib h,
wmwiqiv GB g~wZi Amxjvq cvwb cv_bv Ki| AvgivI Gi Amxjvq cvwb
cv_bv Kie| ZvZ wmwiqvi bvq gv AjI cPzi ewcvZ ne Ges
GjvKv km-kvgj nq DVe| GUvB wQj Kvev Mn vwcZ c_g
èg~wZ| ci Abvb eemvqxiv wewfb mgq AviI g~wZ Gb vcb
Ki| Gfve ivm~ji AvwefveKvj Zvi msLv 360-q wMq ùvovq|
Ze Zviv Gi viv Zvì `vex gZ Beivnxgx agi ZvInx` wekvm
Kvb wU nQ ej gb KiZ bv| Zviv GUvK wkiK fveZ bv; eis
Avjvn&i bKU nvwQji Amxjv gb KiZ (hygvi 39/3)|86
86. cyiv AvjvPbvi Rb è: `: Zvdmxi gvAvidzj KziAvb ct 1153-55; Avjwe`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 1/314| Ze ewYZ AvjvPbvi meUvKB AKvU mZ ejv hve
Contents
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170
wkYxq welq mg~n :

(1) Avnj wKZve nIqv mI Ges wbRì Mv nvhvi nvhvi bexi
AvMgb mI eby BmvCjMY g~wZc~Rvq Af nqwQj cqvRbxq wkv
I cPvii Afve| GKBfve hw` Bmjvgi we AvKv`x I Avgji
cPvi I cmvi bv _vK, Ze GKw`b gymwjgì nvZB Bmjvgi P~ov
wZ ne| BwZga gymwjg `k mg~ni Afi `ywbqvc~Rvix
agbZvì nvZ w`q cxic~Rv, Kei c~Rv BZvwì gvag D wkiKi
igigv evRvi PjQ|
(2) wkiKi ceZb iv I mgvRbZvì gvag nj Zv `Z Qwoq
co Ges vwqZ jvf Ki| hgb BmvCji ivYx Bhexji gvag evj
g~wZi c~Rv i nqwQj| ci mviv `k Zv Pvjy nq hvq|
(3) mgvR msviK ewK Avcvlnxbfve md Avjvn&i Dci fimv
Ki ZvInx` weivax KvRi msvi bvgZ nq| hfve Bwjqvm (Avt)
GKvKx D KvR bgwQjb|
(4) gZ ew ev Zvi Keii Kvb cfve RxweZ ewì Dci co
bv| hgb evqZzj gyKvvmi Avkcvk nhiZ Beivnxg, BmnvK,
BqvKe, g~mv, nviY, `vE`, myjvqgvb mn weMZ hyMi kZ kZ Rjxjyj
Kì bexi Kei _vKv mI Zvì eyKi Dci msNwUZ evj èg~wZ
c~Rvi evcvi Zvì Kvb cfve Zvì ^Mvxq eby BmvCjì Dci
cowb|
(5) me`v mgvRi wKQz bvqwb gvbylK ZvInxì cPvi I cmvi
AvZwbqvM KiZ nq| mevBK w`q GKvR me bq| hgb BmivCj
hvM jvK bv _vKvq Avjvn cvK RWvb _K BwjqvmK cvVvb Zvì
n`vqvZi Rb|
bv| Kbbv Gwj HwZnvwmK eYbv| hvZ fyj Z_ _vKZ cvi| Kej KziAvbx
eYbvUzKzB Avgvì wbKU wbwZfve MnYxq| -jLK|
Contents
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20. nhiZ Avj-Bqvmv (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)

cwe KziAvb GB bex mK m~iv AvbAvg 86 I m~iv Qvqv` 48
AvqvZ ewYZ nqQ Ab bexMYi bvgi mv_| m~iv AvbAvg 83
nZ 86 AvqvZ ch Bwjqvm I Avj-Bqvmv mn 17 Rb bexi bvgi
klw`K ejv nqQ-
>( <F) >.,%1U0.F: 40". .:"3M +T. KO,*+. .5*5

. .p..%:. 0E,%1.U,1@.
BmgvCj, Avj-Bqvmv, BDbym, j~Z Zvì cZKKB Avgiv weki
Dci kZ `vb KiwQ (AvbAvg 6/86)| Ab Avjvn ejb, ,+T:`.
>(Y ) >1C.%,i0D: .7 E+T. 1E:(1[: 0`. .p..%:. 0E%1.U,1@ Avi Zzwg eYbv
Ki BmgvCj, Avj-Bqvmv I hyj-wKdji K_v| Zviv mKjB wQj
kMYi Afy (Qvqv` 38/48)| D eYbvq eySv hvq h, AvjBqvmv (Avt) wbtm`n GKRb DuPzìi bex wQjb|
wZwb BdivCg web BDmyd web BqvK~e-Gi eskai wQjb| wZwb Bwjqvm
(Avt)-Gi PvPvZv fvB Ges Zuvi bvqe ev cwZwbwa wQjb| nhiZ
Bwjqvm (Avt) myjvqgvb (Avt) cieZx c_ eby BmvCjMYi cwZ
cwiZ nqwQjb| Zuvi ci Avj-Bqvmv bex nb Ges wZwb Bwjqvm
(Avt)-Gi kixAvZ Abyhvqx87 wdwjxb Aj RbMYK cwiPvwjZ
Kib I ZvInxì `vIqvZ AevnZ ivLb| evBej Zuvi wevwiZ
Aev ewYZ nqQ| mLvb Zuvi bvg Bwjkv Beb mvwKZ ej
DjwLZ nqQ|88
87. Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 2/4 ct|

88. Zvdmxi gvAvidyj KziAvb ct 1170|
Contents
172
172
21. nhiZ hyj-wKd&j (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)

cwe KziAvb Kej m~iv Avw^qv 85-86 I Qvqv` 48 AvqvZ hyjwKdji bvg GmQ| wZwb Avj-Bqvmv-Gi ci bex nb Ges wdwjxb
Aj eby BmvCjMYi ga ZvInxì `vIqvZ `b|
Avjvn ejb,
.1-.U,.C ,A1 ,$5I.:".i,0J. >.

,113W .7 E+T 1E:(1[: 0`. .
,1C,1@. 0E,%1.U,1@.
>(>b S% ) >.,%1913W .1 ,$5H31@
Avi Zzwg iY Ki BmgvCj, Bìxm I hyj-wKdji K_v| Zviv
cZKB wQj QeiKvix| Avgiv ZvìK Avgvì ingZcvì A
fy KiwQjvg| Zviv wQj mrKgkxjMYi Afy (Avw^qv 21/85-86)|
Ab Avjvn ejb, >1C.%,i0D: .7 E+T. 1E:(1[: 0`. .p..%:. 0E%1.U,1@ ,+T:`.
>(Y ) Avi Zzwg eYbv Ki BmgvCj, Avj-Bqvmv I hyj-wKdji

K_v| Zviv mKjB wQj kMYi Afy (Qvqv` 38/48)|
Beby KvQxi ejb, k bexMYi mv_ GK ewYZ nIqvq cZxqgvb
nq h, hyj-wKdj GKRb DuPzìi bex wQjb| myjvqgvb cieZx bex
wnmve wZwbI kvg Aj cwiZ nb ej wbwZ aviYv nq|
Beby Rvixi ZveC wevb gyRvwn` m~ eYbv Kib h, c~eZb bex AvjBqvmv evaK DcbxZ nj GKRbK Zuvi jvwfwl wbhy Kivi
BQv cKvk Kib| GZ`yk wZwb Zvi mKj mv_xK GKwZ Ki
ejjb, hvi ga wZbwU Y we`gvb _vKe, ZvKB Avwg Avgvi
Ljxdv wbhy Kie| Y wZbwU GB h, wZwb neb (1) me`v wQqvg
cvjbKvix (2) Avjvn&i Bev`Z ivw RvMiYKvix Ges (3) wZwb Kvb
Aevq ivMvw^Z nb bv|
Contents
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173
G NvlYv kvbvi ci mgvek j _K CQ web BmnvK eski RbK

ew DV ùvovjb| m bexi cwZwU cki RIqve nuv ejjb| wK
wZwb meZt ZvK wekvm KiZ cvijb bv| ZvB wZxq w`b Avevi
mgvek Avnvb Kijb Ges mKji myL c~ev NvlYvi cybivew
Kijb| wK mevB Pzc iBj, Kej H GKRb ewB DV ùvovjb|
ZLb Avj-Bqvmv (Avt) D ewKB Zuvi Ljxdv wbhy Kijb, whwb
Zuvi Rxekvq Zuvi beyAZx wgkb Pvwjq wbeb Ges gZzi ciI Zv
AevnZ ivLeb| ejv evj, D ewB njb hyj-wKdj (`vwqZ
enbKvix), cieZxZ Avjvn hvK beyAZ `vb ab Kib (KziZzex, Beby
KvQxi)|
hyj-wKdji Rxeb cixv :
hyj-wKdj D ghv`vc~Y `vwqZ AwawZ nqQb `L Bejxm wnsmvq
Rj DVj| m Zvi evwnbxK ejj, hKvb g~j Zvi c`jb NUvZB
ne| wK mv-cviv ejj, Avgiv BwZc~e eevi ZvK auvKv w`Z
wMq e_ nqwQ| AZGe Avgvì c GKvR me bq| ZLb Bejxm
^qs G `vwqZ wbj|
hyj-wKdj mviv ivw QvjvZi ga AwZevwnZ Kivi KviY Kejgv
`ycyi wKQzY wb`v hZb| Bejxm ZvK ivMvbvi Rb H mgqUvKB
eQ wbj| GKw`b m wVK `ycyi Zvi wb`vi mgq Gm ìRvi Kov
bvojv| KuvPv Nyg _K DV wZwb wRm Kijb, K? Di Gj, Avwg
GKRb e ghj~g| wZwb ìRv Lyj w`j m wfZi Gm emjv Ges
Zvi Dci hyjygi `xN wdwiw eYbv i Kij| Gfve `ycyi wb`vi
mgqUv cvi Ki w`j| hyj-wKdj ZvK ejjb, Avwg hLb evBi hve,
ZLb Gmv| Avwg Zvgvi Dci hyjygi wePvi Ki è|
hyj-wKdj evBi Gjb Ges Av`vjZ K em jvKwUi Rb Acv
KiZ jvMjb| wK m Gjv bv| cii w`b mKvjI wZwb Zvi Rb
Acv Kijb, wK m Gjv bv| wK `ycyi hLb wZwb Kej wb`v
MQb, wVK ZLbB Gm Kov bvoj| wZwb DV ìRv Lyj w`q ZvK
ejjb, Avwg wK ZvgvK ewjwb h, Av`vjZ K gRwjm emvi ci
Contents
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174
Gmv| wK Zzwg KvjI Avmwb, AvRI mKvj Avmj bv| ZLb jvKwU
Bwbq-wewbq PvLi cvwb dj weivU KwdqZi GK `xN wdwiw
ck Kij| m ejj, hyi! Avgvi weev`x LyeB a~Z cKwZi jvK|
AvcbvK Av`vjZ emZ `LjB m Avgvi cvc cwikva Kie ej
K_v `q| wK Avcwb Pj MjB m Zv cZvnvi Ki bq| GBme
K_vevZvi ga Hw`b `ycyii Nyg gvwU nj|
ZZxq w`b `ycyi wZwb XyjZ XyjZ cwievii mevBK ejjb, Avwg
Nywgq Mj KD hb ìRvi Kov bv bvo| e Gw`b Gjv Ges Kov
bvoZ PvBj| wK evoxi jvKiv ZvK evav w`j| ZLb m mevi
Aj Rvbvjv w`q Nii ga XyK coj Ges ìRvq avv-avw i
Kij| GZ hyj-wKdji Nyg f Mj| `Ljb mB e Nii ga
A_P Nii ìRv wfZi _K e| wZwb eyS djjb h, GUv kqZvb
Qvov KD bq| ZLb wZwb ejjb, Zzwg Zvnj Avjvn&i `ykgb Bejxm?
m gv_v bo ejj, nuv| Avwg AvR Avcbvi KvQ e_ njvg|
AvcbvK ivMvbvi RbB MZ wZbw`b hveZ AvcbvK Nygvbvi mgq
Gm RvjvZb KiwQ| wK Avcwb ivMvw^Z njb bv| dj AvcbvK
Avgvi Rvj AvUKvZ cvijvg bv| BwZc~e Avgvi wkliv evievi Pv
Ki e_ nqQ| AvR Avwg e_ njvg| Avwg PqwQjvg, hvZ AvjBqvmv bexi mv_ Avcbvi KZ Iqv`v f nq| Avi m DkB Avwg
GZme Kv NwUqwQ| wK Aekl AvcwbB weRqx njb|
D NUbvi KviYB ZuvK hyj-wKdj (E([ `)| Dcvwa Ìqv nq|
hvi A_, `vwqZ c~YKvix ew|89
wkYxq welq :
(1) bexì cwZwbwa nIqvi Rb i, eY I Mvxq ghv`v kZ bq|
eis gwjK kZ nj- ZvKIqv I AvbyMZkxjZv|
(2) kqZvb wekl Ki cinhMvi gywgbi cKvk `ykgb| wK Cgvbx
`pZvi KvQ m civwRZ nq|
89. Zvdmxi KziZzex I Beby KvQxi, m~iv Avw^qv 85-86 MnxZ: Beby Rvixi; nv`xQ gyimvj;
Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 1/210-11 ct|
Contents
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175
(3) ahY nj mdjZvi gvcKvwV| ZvKIqv I Qei GKwZ nj

gywgb me`v weRqx _vK|
(4) ay wbR^ Bev`ZB h_ bq| eis RbMYi L`gZ mgq eq
KivB nj cKZ gywgbi KZe|
(5) kqZvbi kqZvbx ai djvUv gywgbi my`wkZvi AbZg jY|
AZGe KziAvb-mybvn weivax Kvb wPv I civgk myL DcwZ
njB eyS wbZ ne h, GwU kqZvbx auvKv gv|
mskq wbimb :
hyj-wKdj GKRb bex I GKRb mrKgkxj ew wQjb| cwe
KziAvb ZuvK bexì mv_B `yvb DjL Kiv nqQ| hgb,
(1) m~iv Avw^qv 85-86 AvqvZ ejv nqQ,
.1-.U,.C A1 ,$5I.:".i,0J. .

113W .7 E+T 1E:(1[: 0`.
.
1C,1@. 0E%1.U,1@.
>(>b S% ) >.w1913W .7 $5H31@
Avi BmgvCj, Bìxm I hyj-wKdj, mKjB wQj ahkxjMYi
Afy| Avi Avgiv ZvìK Avgvì AbyMni ga cek
KwiqwQjvg| wbqB Zviv wQj mrKgkxjì Afy (Avw^qv 21/85-86)|
(K) D AvqvZ qi evLvq nvdh Beby KvQxi (int) ejb, I
> *I f@ S% p 6a )J c% c~evci mK GUv

h, bexMYi ZvwjKvq bex eZxZ Abì bvg hy nq bv| Ze
Abiv KD ejQb, wZwb GKRb mrKgkxj ew wQjb, KD
ejQb, wZwb GKRb bvqcivqb kvmK wQjb| Beby Rvixi G evcvi
Pzc _KQb|
(L) KziZzex GLvb hyj-wKdj mwKZ Avey Cmv wZiwghx (209-279
wn:) Ges nvKxg wZiwghx (g: 360wn:) ewYZ `ywU hCd nv`xQ DjL
Ki v nqQb| Rvg wZiwghx (nv/2496)-Z GmQ Avj-wKdj
(E([) Ges nvKxg wZiwghx-i wKZve bvIqvwìj DQ~j-q GmQ
Contents
176
176
hyj-wKdj (E([ `)| `ywUB Beb Igi (ivt) _K hCd my ewYZ

nqQ (ZvnKxK KziZzex nv/4352-53)| Beby KvQxi ejb, wZiwghxi
nv`xQwU nvmvb ejv njI mLvb Avj-wKdj ejv nqQ, whwb
KziAvb ewYZ bex hyj-wKdj bb| eis Ab ew (Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi
m~iv Avw^qv 85; Avjevbx, wmjwmjv hCdvn nv/4083)|
(M) meZt Beby Igi (ivt) ewYZ Dciv hCd nv`xQi Dci wfw
KiB Bgvg kvIKvbx ge KiQb, E%N@ EGC )J P%9W
a % ) ' ( d- AxF % C*-

f 6T
> *I mwVK K_v GB h, wZwb eby BmvCji GKRb ew wQjb|
whwb Kvb cvci KvR wav KiZb bv| ci wZwb ZIev Kib|
AZtci Avjvn ZvK gvd Kib| wZwb bex bb| Ze GK`j ejQb
h, wZwb bex (dvrj Kv`xi, Zvdmxi m~iv Avw^qv 85)|
(N) KziZzex Avey g~mv AvkAvix (ivt) cgyLvr ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) _K
AviKwU nv`xQ GbQb h, Kx )[ % [
E([ ` 6@
wbqB hyj-wKdj bex wQjb bv| eis wZwb GKRb mrKgkxj ev`v
wQjb| A_P Beby Rvixi ewYZ D nv`xQwUi Aev GB h, ) ExJ f
>p!= *I z! )GiJ L%Fs *a* E * Gi gid~
nIqvi A_vr ivm~j (Qvt) _K ewYZ nIqvi Kvb wfw bB| eis GwU
gIKd, A_vr Avey g~mvi wbR^ Dw| A_P hvi m~ hCd Ges hv Beby
Rvixi ^xq Zvdmxi gybKvwZ A_vr wQb m~ eYbv KiQb (ZvnKxK
KziZzex, Avw^qv 85)|
(2) m~iv Qvqv` 48 AvqvZ ejv nqQ, 0`. .p..%:. 0E%1.U,1@ ,+T:`.
1C.%,i0D: .7 E+T. 1E:(1[: Avi Zzwg eYbv Ki BmgvCj, Avj-Bqvmv I
hyj-wKdj mK| Avi Zviv mKjB wQj kì Afy (Qvqv` 38/48)|
(K) D AvqvZi evLvq KziZzex ejb, h* " -iJ zJ A_vr Zviv

wQjb mB mKj ewì Afy, hvìK beyAZi Rb gbvbxZ
Kiv nqwQj (KziZzex, Zvdmxi m~iv Qvqv` 48)|
Contents
177
177
(L) D AvqvZi evLvq kvIKvbx ^xq Zvdmxi ejb, " $J
>'
N *"U S% x Zviv njb mB mKj
bexMYi Afy hviv Avjvn&i c_ e K I wbhvZb mn KiQb
AZ:ci 1C.%,i0D: .7 E+T. -Gi evLvq wZwb ejb, ' $IC-i
Q
)="i $I(!x )u* hvìK Avjvn ^xq beyAZi Rb gbvbxZ

KiQb Ges mwKzji ga nZ evQvB Ki wbqQb| AZ:ci Gi
KviY wnmve wZwb ejb, $ITQ
6D $" )%" ' 4"x )*C ' J
>W $H[" /"% Avjvn ^xq ivm~jK wb`k w`Qb, hb
wZwb H mKj bexì K_v iY Kib, hvZ Avjvn&i c_ ah aviYi
evcvi wZwb Zvì AbymZ c_ PjZ cvib|
A_P BwZc~e m~iv Avw^qv 85 AvqvZi Zvdmxi wZwb hyj-wKdjK
bex ejbwb|
(M) Avhi welq h, AvaywbK gydvmwmi AveyeKi Rvei AvjRvhvqix ^xq AvqmviZ Zvdvmxi m~iv Avw^qv 85 AvqvZi
Zvdmxii UxKvq wjLQb, ' AsC 4* *J lC *a PGCJ
:a )J x ) me K_vi miv K_v nj hv eYbv KiQb

Ave~ g~mv (ivt) ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) nZ- ejB wZwb c~e ewYZ hCd
nv`xQwUi Askwekl DZ KiQb, hv BwZc~e AvjvwPZ nqQ (A_vr
wZwb bex wQjb bv)| A_P m~iv Qvqv` 48-Gi AvjvPbvq 30 nZ 48
AvqvZ ch ewYZ `vE` (Avt) nZ hyj-wKdj ch mKjK wZwb
bexMYi Afy ej ge KiQb|
GY Avgvì ee nj, KziAvb hLb BmgvCj, Bìxm, Avj-Bqvmv
cgyL bexMYi mv_ hyj-wKdji bvg GKmv_ eYbv KiQ, ZLb wZwb
h bex wQjb, G wekvmB ivLZ ne| Gi wecixZ Kvb we `jxj
bB| Avjvn mevwaK AeMZ|
Contents
178
178
22-23. nhiZ hvKvwiqv I Bqvn&Bqv (AvjvBwngvm mvjvg)

hvKvwiqv I BqvnBqv myjvqgvb cieZx `yB bex cii wcZv-cy
wQjb Ges evqZzj gyKvvmi Awaevmx wQjb| BqvnBqv wQjb cieZx
bex Cmv (Avt)-Gi Avcb LvjvZv fvB Ges eqm Qq gvmi eo| wZwb
Cmvi Qq gvm c~eB `vIqvZi KvR i Kib|90 nhiZ hvKvwiqv I
Bqvn&Bqv (Avt) mK 4wU m~ivi 22wU AvqvZ91 ewYZ nqQ| Zba
m~iv AvbAvg Kej 18Rb bexi bvgi ZvwjKvq Zuvì bvg DjwLZ
nqQ| evKx Ab m~ivwjZ LyeB msc Kej Bqvn&Bqvi Rb ev
mK eYbv GmQ|
hvKvwiqv (Avt) mK KziAvb Kej GZUzKz ewYZ nqQ h, wZwb
gvwiqvgi jvjb-cvjbKvix wQjb| G welq Avjvn m~iv Avj-Bgivb
hv ejb, Zvi mvi-msc GB h, Bgivbi x gvbZ KiwQjb h,
Avgvi Mfi mvbK Avwg Avjvn&i Rb DrmM Ki w`jvg| wZwb
aviYv KiwQjb h, Zuvi GKwU cy mvb ne Ges ZvK wZwb Avjvn&i
Ni evqZzj gyKvvmi wL`gZ wbqvM Kieb| wK cyi j Kbv
mvb A_vr gvwiqvg RbMnY Kij wZwb nZvk nq cob| Avjvn
ZvK mvbv w`q ejb, 40,0T 50T?Q .,%0 GB Kbvi gZ Kvb cyB
bB (Avj-Bgivb 3/36)|
GY hnZz gvbZ Abyhvqx ZvK gmwRì L`gZ DrmM KiZ
ne| wK mLvb Zvi AwffveK K ne? meZt Hmgq gvwiqvgi
wcZv RxweZ wQjb bv| eski jvKiv mevB GB cwe gqwUi
AwffveK nZ Pvq| dj Aekl jUvixi eev nq| mLvb
90. gvbQ~icyix, ingvZzj wjj Avjvgxb 3/110|

91. h_vg (1) m~iv Avj-Bgivb 3/37-41=5; (2) AvbAvg 6/85, (3) gvwiqvg
19/2-15=14; Ges (4) m~iv Avw^qv 21/89-90| gvU 22wU \
Contents
179
179
gvwiqvgi Lvjy Ges ZrKvjxb bex nhiZ hvKvwiqv (Avt)-Gi bvg

Avm| G NUbvwUB AvjvncvK Zuvi klbexK bvQb wbgv fvlvq-
,$5H
k0J ,$5H.0:a0J 6*+=:"
5 :`1@ ,$1H
,. 0 .o+T .. ./%01@ 1)%1*5 1,%. : S.0J ,1 ./10`
>(YY 6U }) >06*5U1W.-,t
. :`1@ ,$1H
,.0 .o+T .. .$
.,. +E+(:[
.
(gvwiqvgi welqwU) njv Mvqex msev`, hv Avgiv AvcbvK cZv`k
KiwQ| Avcwb Zv Zvì KvQ wQjb bv, hLb Zviv jUvixi gvag
cwZhvwMZv KiwQj G evcvi h, K gvwiqvgK cwZcvjb Kie?
Avi Avcwb Zvì KvQ wQjb bv, hLb Zviv G welq SMov KiwQj
(Avj Bgivb 3/44)| AZtci Avjvn ZvK hvKvwiqvi Zveavb AcY
Kijb (Avj Bgivb 3/37)|
gvwiqvg gmwRì msjM gnive _vKZb| hvKvwiqv (Avt) ZvK
wbqwgZ `Lvbv KiZb| wK Avhi welq wQj GB h, hLbB wZwb
gnive AvmZb, ZLbB mLvb bZzb bZzb ZvRv dj-djvw` I Lv`Lvevi `LZ cZb| wZwb GKw`b G welq gvwiqvgK wRm Kij
wZwb ejb, 1' 11 ,1 *. 5I Gme Avjvn&i wbKU _K Avm| Avjvn
hvK BQv ewnmve wiwhK `vb Kib (Avj Bgivb 3/37)|
mvb jvfi Rb hvKvwiqvi `vAv :
meZt wk gvwiqvgi Dciv K_v _KB wbtmvb e hvKvwiqvi
gbi KvY Avkvi mvi nq Ges wPv Kib h, whwb dji gmyg
QvovB gvwiqvgK ZvRv dj mieivn KiQb, wbqB wZwb e
`wZK mvb `vb Kieb| AZtci wZwb eyK mvnm eua Avjvn&i
wbKU cv_bv Kib| hgb Avjvn ejb,
5p,%1U. ./31@ K.7%0O K

37C+` ./,5? 1 ,A1 ,.I 7d.C 00a 5)3.C 3
10T.g .. ./1.5I
>(X 6U }) >RS.k
Contents
180
180
mLvbB hvKvwiqv Zvi cvjbKZvi wbKU cv_bv Kij Ges ejj, n

Avgvi cvjbKZv! Zvgvi wbKU _K AvgvK c~Z-cwe mvb `vb
Ki| wbqB Zzwg cv_bv keYKvix (Avj Bgivb 3/38)| GK_vwU Ab
ewYZ nqQ wbgv fve-
7d.C 00a >%1(.i S.1 5)3.C e.. :`1@ >3

10T.g 5l.,. ./7.C 1.U,.C 5:T1` >VF%HT
A71@. >%1=. 7d.C ./1N.51 +T0J ,$0. K ,%. 5Z:J3 0E.F.-,. A71 5$:.F: ..I. A71@
>%1. ./5? 1 A1 ,.H0 1a. A1u0J., 1o.0T. A1N.C. 1 .A1.*.U: 5o:(1i
>(>~ ) >%1s.C 7d.C 5):".F,G. .d*+=,F
. 1} ,1 +1
.. A1+1
.
GwU Avcbvi cvjbKZvi AbyMni weeiY Zvi ev`v hvKvwiqvi
cwZ(gvwiqvg 2)| hLb m Zvi cvjbKZvK Avnvb KiwQj wbfZ|
m ejj, n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Avgvi Aw `yej nq MQ Ges
evaKi KviY gK kZ- nq MQ| n cfy! AvcbvK WK
Avwg KLbv wbivk nBwb| Avwg fq Kwi Avgvi cieZx eskaii|
A_P Avgvi x ev| AZGe Avcwb wbRi c _K AvgvK GKRb
DivwaKvix `vb Kib| m Avgvi jvwfwl ne Ges DivwaKvix
ne BqvKe-eski Ges n cfy! Avcwb ZvK Kib m`v-m (gvwiqvg
19/2-6)|
Reve Avjvn ejjb,
7d.C 00a >%1U. +E, 0a 1 5)0 :E.F,. ,$0 4.%,9

. 5)5U, ;<05 1 .]57.5 31@ 3
10T.g .
00a >%1-1 1.1[: .1 5o, 0". ,0a. K1a. A1u0J., 1o.0T. <0+y A1 +6*+[
. 430J
7d.C 00a >K,%. 5/.u ,$0. +E,0a 1 ./5-:=0".i ,0a. 7%.I 3A0". .*5I ./k.C 00a ./10Q0T
1)1,*0a 40". ...t0 >
1*. ;.%0 000 .Z3 .$n"0[5u ?f0J ./5-
.} 00a K
.} A1 :E.F,G
>({{>q ) >%
1 .3 Kh.:[5 *597. :60J ,$1H,%01@ 4.,0D0 1d.,91U: .1
Contents
181
181
n hvKvwiqv! Avwg ZvgvK GKwU cy mvbi mymsev` w`wQ| Zvi

bvg ne BqvnBqv| BwZc~e GB bvg Avwg Kvi bvgKiY Kwiwb| m
ejj, n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Kgb Ki cy mvb ne? A_P Avgvi x
ev| Avi AvwgI evaKi klcv DcbxZ| wZwb ejjb, GfveB
ne| Zvgvi cfy ej w`qQb h, GUv Avgvi Rb LyeB mnR| Avwg
Zv BwZc~e ZvgvK mw KiwQ, hLb Zzwg wKQzB wQj bv| m ejj,
n Avgvi cvjbKZv! AvgvK GKwU wb`kb c`vb Kib| wZwb ejjb,
Zvgvi wb`kb GB h, Zzwg (my Aevq) GKUvbv wZb w`b jvKRbi
mv_ K_vevZv ejZ cvie bv| AZtci m K _K ei nq Zvi
mc`vqi KvQ Gj Ges BwZ ZvìK mKvj-mvq AvjvnK
iY KiZ ejj (gvwiqvg 19/7-11)|
BqvnBqvi ewk :
Avjvn ejb,
Ka7.W5 4.%,9.%1 .]57.

5 R' ?60J 1d.,91U: A1 An".W
5 $1N0a .*5I. +0[1N.U: 5),u..0
>(Xr 6U }) >.,%1913W .7 %1.. KC,*5W.. K7%.. 1' .7 ;.U1"0[1
AZtci hLb m Kvgivq QvjvZiZ Aevq ùvwoqwQj, ZLb
dikZviv ZvK WK ejj, h, Avjvn AvcbvK mymsev` w`Qb
BqvnBqv mK| (1) whwb mv wèb Avjvn&i wb`ki mZZv
mK| (2) whwb bZv neb Ges (3) whwb bvixm gy neb I (4)
mrKgkxj bex neb (Avj Bgivb 3/39)| AZtci Avjvn&i wb`k gZ
hvKvwiqv wZbw`b hver jvKì mv_ K_v e ivLjb Bkviv-BwZ
eZxZ Ges mKvj mvq Avjvn&i Bev`Z iZ _vKjb I Zuvi cweZv
I gwngv NvlYv KiZ jvMjb (Avj Bgivb 3/40-41)| hvKvwiqvi
cv_bv Ab Gfve ewYZ nqQ h,
5)0 .,..-,0 >.w11C.*: 5,%.i .o0J. K,0 A1,C0Q.u 0f 7d.C 5)3.C e.. :`1@ 3
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1j.,%.t: A1 06*51C.
5 ,*50T ,$5H31@ 5).G,.g 5)0 .,90",x0J. 4.%,9
. 5)0 .,.I..
>(r|>r S% ) >.w1F1.i .0 ,*50T3 K .I.C3 K 0y.C ..*5,
..
Contents
182
182
Ges hvKvwiqvi K_v iY Ki, hLb m Zvi cfyK Avnvb KiwQj,

n Avgvi cvjbKZv! Zzwg AvgvK (DivwaKvixnxb) GKv Qov bv!
Zzwg Zv (Bjg I beyAZi) mevg DivwaKvix| AZtci Avgiv
Zvi `vAv Keyj KiwQjvg| ZvK `vb KiwQjvg BqvnBqv Ges Zvi
Rb Zvi xK KiwQjvg hvMZvmb| Zviv me`v mrKg
cwZhvwMZv KiZ| Zviv Avkv I fxwZ mnKvi AvgvK WvKZ Ges
Zviv wQj Avgvi cwZ webxZ (Avw^qv 21/89-90)|
AZtci BqvnBqv mK Avjvn Ab ejb,
Kh0T.g. 35? 7 ... >%1.x .$:[59: 5l.,%.u}. ;h3*+=1 .d.-1[: 1Q5i 4.%,9
. .
.<,*
.. .15 .<,*
. 1),%0". <0.. >%1W. KC3.G ,+[
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>({b>{~ ) >%. +.F,
5 .<,*
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.
n Bqvn&Bqv! `pZvi mv_ GB M (ZvIivZ) aviY Ki| Avi Avgiv
ZvK (5) kkeB cv `vb KiwQjvg(gvwiqvg 12)| Ges wbRi c
_K ZvK (6) weklfve `vb KiwQjvg KvgjZv I (7) cweZv
Ges m wQj (8) AZxe ZvKIqvkxj(13)| m wQj (9) wcZv-gvZvi
AbyMZ Ges (10) m DZ I Aeva wQj bv(14)| Zvi Dci kvw,
hw`b m RbMnY KiQ, hw`b m gZzeiY KiQ Ges hw`b m
RxweZvevq cybiwZ ne (gvwiqvg 19/12-15)|
Dci ewYZ Avj-Bgivb 39 I gvwiqvg 12-15 AvqvZ BqvnBqv
(Avt)-K c` gvU 10 wU ewk cgvwYZ nq|
Dciv eYbv mg~n _K hvKvwiqv I BqvnBqv mK wbgv
welqwj cwZfvZ nq| hgb(1) hvKvwiqv I BqvnBqv evqZzj gyKvvmi mwbKU emevm Kib Ges
Zuviv eby BmvCj eski bex wQjb|
(2) hvKvwiqv (Avt) wewe gvwiqvgi AwffveK I jvjb-cvjbKvix
wQjb|
Contents
183
183
(3) hvKvwiqv AwZ e eqm ev xi Mf nZ GKgv cy mvb

jvf Kib Ges Avjvn ^qs Zvi bvg ivLb BqvnBqv, h bvg BwZc~e
Kvi Rb ivLv nqwb|
(4) BqvnBqv bex nb| wZwb kke _KB cvmb, Kvgj `q I
cwe ewZ wQjb| wZwb wPiKzgvi wQjb| wZwb wcZv-gvZvi AZxe
AbyMZ Ges Avjvnfxi wQjb|
(5) gvwiqvg wQjb BqvnBqvi LvjvZv evb Ges BqvnBqvi ciB
gvwiqvg cy Cmv (Avt) bex Ges ivm~j nb| Zvici _K klbexi
Avwefve ch cvq Qqkv eQi bex AvMgbi wmjwmjv e _vK| hvK
E h- ev ivm~j AvMgbi weiwZKvj ejv nq|
(6) hvKvwiqv (Avt)-Gi kixAvZ wQqvg Aevq me`v gb _vKv Ges
Bkviv-BwZ eZxZ Kvi mv_ K_v bv ejvi weavb wQj| Bmjvgx
kixAvZ GUv iwnZ nqQ Ges ejv nqQ, f ;<- F .$,-
5f
E%" ;<*
.j.U5x A_vr mvb evjM nIqvi ci wcZnviv nj
ZvK BqvZxg ejv hve bv Ges ivw ch mviv w`b gbZv Aej^b
Kiv Kvb Bev`Z bq|92
DjL h, B`xì Pwi ci GZB KjywlZ I DZ nq h, Zviv
hvKvwiqv I BqvnBqvi bvq gnvb cqMîMYK nZv Ki Ges nhiZ
CmvKI nZv KiZ D`Z nq| wK Avjvn ZvK RxweZ Avmgvb
DwVq bb|93
Bqvn&Bqv I hvKvwiqvi gZz :
hvKvwiqvi ^vfvweK gZz nqwQj, bv ZvK nZv Kiv nqwQj, G welq
gZf` iqQ| RbKv bv gwnjvi civPbvq kvg `ki ev`kvn bex
BqvnBqvK nZv Kij H ivZB ev`kvn mcwievi wbR cvmv`mn
f~wgami Mhe asm nq hvb| GZ jvKiv nhiZ hvKvwiqvKB
92 . Avey`vE` nv/2873 AwQqZ mg~n Aavq 9 AbyQ`|
93. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 2/47-50; ingvZzj wjj Avjvgxb 3/110-11|
Contents
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184
`vqx Ki I ZvK nZv Kivi Rb avIqv Ki| ZLb GKwU MvQ duvK
nq ZuvK Avkq `q| ci kqZvbi civPbvq jvKiv H MvQwU
KivZ wPi `yfvM Ki dj Ges GfveB hvKvwiqv wbnZ nb ej
hvKvwiqv (Avt) wbRB givR iRbxZ klbex (Qvt)-Gi mv_ eYbv
KiQb ej Beby Avevm-Gi bvg h nv`xQ ewYZ nqQ, m mK
nvdh Beby KvQxi ejb, )FC %
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>[ GwU weqKifve c~evci mKnxb I AvhRbK nv`xQ Ges

GwU ivm~j _K ewYZ nIqvUv GKeviB Ag~jK|94 Iqvnve web
gybvwen ejb, MvQi dvUj Avkq MnYKvix ew wQjb kvBqv
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)| Avi hvKvwiqv ^vfvweK gZz eiY Kib|95 gvbQ~icyix
evBeji eYbvi AvjvK ejb, Bqvn&BqvK c_g KvivMvi wbc
Kiv nq| wK ev`kvn&i cwgKv H bv gwnjv Zvi gv_v `vex Kivq
RjLvbvq ZvK nZv Ki Zvi wQb gK I i Gb H gwnjvK
Dcnvi Ìqv nq|96
AZGe D `yB bexi gZzi mwVK NUbvi welq AvjvnB mevwaK
AeMZ|
94. Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 2/50|

95. Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn 2/48|
96. ingvZzj wjj Avjvgxb 3/111 ct|
Contents
185
185
24. nhiZ Cmv (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)

nhiZ Cmv (Avt) wQjb eby BmvCj eski mekl bex I wKZveavix
ivm~j| wZwb BbRxj cv nqwQjb| Zuvici _K klbex gynvv`
(Qvt)-Gi Avwefve ch Avi Kvb bex AvMgb Kibwb| GB mgqUvK
E h- ev ivm~j AvMgbi weiwZKvj ejv nq| wKqvgZ msNwUZ
nIqvi AeewnZ Kvj c~e nhiZ Cmv (Avt) Avjvn&i Kzg cybivq
cw_exZ AeZiY Kieb Ges gynvv`x kixAvZ AbymiY Bgvg
gvn`xi bZZ mviv cw_exZ kvwi ivR Kvqg Kieb| wZwb DZ
gynvv`xi mv_ wek msvi eZx neb| ZvB Zuvi mK mwVK I we
Z aviYv Ìqv AZ hiix weePbv Ki Avjvn cvK klbex gynvv`
(Qvt)-Gi gvag wekevmxK Rvwbq w`qQb| DjL h, g~mv (Avt)Gi Abymvix nIqvi `vex`vi B`xiv ZuvK bex ejB ^xKvi Kiwb|
AZ jvifve Zviv ZuvK RbK BDmyd wgxi RviR mvb ej
AvLvwqZ KiQ (bvEhywejvn)| Abw`K Cmv (Avt)-Gi f I
Abymvix nevi `vex`vi Lvbiv evovevwo Ki ZuvK Avjvn&i cy
(ZIevn 9/30) evwbqQ| eis wZev`x Lvbiv ZuvK mivmwi Avjvn
mve KiQ Ges ejQ h, wZwb njb wZb Avjvn&i GKRb ( +10
;00"0 =gvq`vn 73)| A_vr Cmv, gvwiqvg I Avjvn cZKB Avjvn Ges
Zviv GUvK eyw ewnf~Z mZ ej v nq| A_P Gic aviYv
cvlYKvixì Avjvn _nxbfve Kvdi ej NvlYv KiQb
(gvq`vn 5/72-73)| KziAvb Zuvi mK mwVK Z_ Dcvcb KiQ|
Avgiv GLb mw`K gbvwbek Kie|
DjL h, nhiZ Cmv (Avt) mK cwe KziAvbi gvU 15wU m~ivq
98wU AvqvZ97 ewYZ nqQ|
97. h_vg (1) evKvivn 2/87, 136, 253; (2) Avj-Bgivb 3/35-63=29 ,84; (3)
wbmv 4/156-158=3, 163, 171-172; (4) gvq`vn 5/17, 46-47, 72-75=4,
78, 110-118=9; (5) AvbAvg 6/85; (6) ZIev 9/30-31; (7) gvwiqvg 19/1640=25; (8) Avw^qv 21/91; (9) gywgb~b 23/50; (10) Avnhve 32/7; (11) k~iv
42/13; (12) hyLid 43/57-59=3, 63-65=3; (13) nv`x` 57/27; (14) Qd
61/6, 14; (15) Zvnixg 66/12| megvU = 98wU \
Contents
186
186
Cmvi gv I bvbx :
Cmv (Avt)-Gi AvjvPbv KiZ Mj Zuvi gv I bvbxi AvjvPbv AvMB
Ki wbZ nq| KviY Zuvì NUbvejxi mv_ Cmvi Rxebi Mfxi
hvMm~ iqQ| c~eeZx cqMîMYi kixAvZ cPwjZ Bev`ZcwZi ga Avjvn&i bvg mvb DrmM Kivi iIqvRI Pvjy wQj|
Gme DrmMxZ mvbì cvw_e Kvb KvRKg wbhy Kiv nZ bv| G
cwZ Abyhvqx Cmvi bvbx A_vr Bgivbi x wbRi Mf mvb mK
gvbZ Kijb h, ZvK weklfve Avjvn&i Ni evqZzj gyKvvmi
wL`gZ wbqvwRZ Kiv ne| wZwb fewQjb h cy mvb ne| wK
hLb wZwb Kbv mvb cme Kijb, ZLb Avc Ki ejjb, n
Avjvn! Avwg Kbv cme KiwQ? (Avj Bgivb 36)| A_vr GK w`q Zv
Avgvi gvbZ c~Y ne bv| wK Avjvn&i BQv wQj Abic| wZwb D
KbvKB Keyj Ki bb| eZt BwbB wQjb gvwiqvg webZ Bgivb,
whwb Cmv (Avt)-Gi Kzgvix gvZv wQjb| ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) hvK RvbvZi
k PviRb gwnjvi AbZg wnmve eYbv KiQb| hgb wZwb ejb,
1 5 ;U 1o +UO 1",

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o
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sC Z
RvbvZevmx gwnjvMYi ga miv njb PviRb: Lv`xRv webZ
LyIqvwj`, dvZgv webZ gynvv`, gvwiqvg webZ Bgivb Ges Avwmqv
webZ gyhvwng, whwb divEbi x|98
gvwiqvgi Rb I jvjb-cvjb :
gvwiqvgi Rb I jvjb-cvjb mK Avjvn ejb,
. 31@ A71 :E30=.-0 KC3.95 ,A1:!. ,A1 . ./0 5j,C0Q. A71@ 7d.C 06.,U1 +h0J., 1o00a :`1@
/
.U1 5$0",0J '. 40+J .H5-,F.s. A71@ 7d.C ,o00a .H,-.F.s. 3U0"0 >5$%1".F: 5p%1U3 .o0J
98. Avngv`, ZvevivYx, nvKg, Beby Avevm (ivt) nZ; wmjwmjv Qvnxnvn nv/1508|
Contents
187
187
.H.-
37C+`. ./1 .I+Q,%1+J A71@1 .$
.,. .H5-,%3U. A71@. 400T 50T?Q .,%0. ,o.F.s.
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430J 5$
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. R' ?6@ 1' 11 ,1 .*5I ,o00a 0Q.I 1/0
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hLb Bgivbi x ejj, n Avgvi cfy! Avgvi Mf hv iqQ ZvK
Avwg Zvgvi bvg DrmM Kijvg mevi KvQ _K gy wnmve| AZGe
Avgvi c _K Zzwg ZvK Keyj Ki bvI| wbqB Zzwg mekvZv I
me (Avj Bgivb 35)| AZtci m hLb ZvK cme Kij, ZLb ejj,
n cfy! Avwg Zv Kbv mvb cme KiwQ! A_P Avjvn fvj KiB
Rvbb, m wK cme KiQ| (Avjvn mvbv w`q ejjb,) GB Kbvi
gZ Kvb cyB h bB| Avi Avwg Zvi bvg ivLjvg gvwiqvg|
(gvwiqvgi gv `vAv Ki ejj, n Avjvn!) Avwg ZvK I Zvi
mvbìK Zvgvi Avkq mgcY KiwQ, Awfk kqZvbi Kej nZ
(36)| Avjvn ejb, AZtci Zvi cfy ZvK Dgfve MnY Ki wbjb
Ges ZvK cew `vb Kijb myì cew| Avi wZwb ZvK hvKvwiqvi
Zveavb mgcY Kijb| (AZtci NUbv nj GB h,) hLbB
hvKvwiqv gnivei ga Zvi KvQ AvmZb, ZLbB wKQz Lv` `LZ
cZb| wZwb wRm KiZb, gvwiqvg! Gme Kv_v _K Zvgvi KvQ
Gj? gvwiqvg ejZ, Gme Avjvn&i wbKU _K Avm| wbqB Avjvn
hvK BQv ewnmve wiwhK `vb Ki _vKb (Avj Bgivb 3/35-37)|
DjL h, Avjvn&i bvg DrmMxZ mvb cvjb KivK ZLbKvi mgq
LyeB cyYi KvR gb Kiv nZ| Avi mKviY gvwiqvgK cwZcvjbi
`vwqZ bIqvi Rb ixwZgZ cwZhvwMZv i nq hvq| dj jUvixi
eev Kiv nq Ges Avjvn&i BQvq Zuvi eqve bex nhiZ hvKvwiqv
(Avt) gvwiqvgi `vwqZcv nb (Avj Bgivb 3/44)|
Contents
188
188
Cmvi Rb I jvjb-cvjb :
Gfve gnive Aevb Ki gvwiqvg evqZzj gyKvvmi wL`gZ KiZ
_vKb| mvwbZ bex I gvwiqvgi eqve Lvjy hvKvwiqv (Avt) me`v
ZvK `Lvbv KiZb| gnivei Di-c~ew`K meZt LRyi evMvb
I SYvaviv wQj| hLvb gvwiqvg c`v UvwOq gvS-ga cvqPvwi
KiZb| AfvmgZ wZwb D wbRb vb GKw`b cvqPvwi KiwQjb|
Ggb mgq nVvr gvbyli ek mLvb wReivCj DcwZ nb|
^vfvweKfveB ZvZ gvwiqvg fxZ nq cob| G welq KziAvbx eYbv
wbgic:
1 ,j0Q.t3u0 >%1a,. K0[. .H1",I0J ,1 ,j0Q..- 1`1@ .$

.,. 1d.-1[: A1 ,+T:`.
+`*50J A71@ ,o00a >
1*. .. .H0 0E?.U.-0 ..5C .H,%01@ .:".,C0D0 K.1 ,$1H15
0+y 1/0 ..I0D1 1/7.C +*5.C .0J .U31@ 00a >%1=.u .o+T 61@ ./1 .U,31
0 0a >%1 . 5]0J ,$0. .. A1,.,U
. ,$0. <0+y A1 +6*+[
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,0J 060T. 37 K.U,.C. 1Z3"1 K
.} 5)0".F,.1. 7%.I 3A0". .*5I 1/k.C 00a 1/10Q0T
>(~{>{ ) >%1M:=3
(n gynvv`!) Avcwb GB wKZve gvwiqvgi K_v eYbv Kib| hLb m
Zvi cwievii jvKRb nZ c_K nq c~ew`K GKvb Avkq wbj
(gvwiqvg 16)| AZtci m Zvì _K Avovj Kivi Rb c`v UvwOq
wbj| AZtci Avgiv Zvi wbKU Avgvì in (A_vr wRexjK) ciY
Kijvg| m Zvi KvQ wMq c~Yv gvbevKwZZ AvZcKvk Kij (17)|
gvwiqvg ejj, Avwg Zvgvi _K KiYvgq Avjvn&i Avkq cv_bv
KiwQ, hw` Zzwg Avjvnfxi nI (18)| m ejj, Avwg Zv Kej
Zvgvi cfyi cwiZ| GRb h, Avwg ZvgvK GKwU cwe cy mvb
`vb Ki hve (19)| gvwiqvg ejj, wKfve Avgvi cy mvb ne?
A_P Kvb gvbyl AvgvK k Kiwb Ges Avwg ewfPvwiYx bB (20)|
m ejj, GfveB ne| Zvgvi cvjbKZv ejQb, GUv Avgvi Rb
mnR evcvi Ges Avgiv ZvK (CmvK) gvbeRvwZi Rb GKUv wb`kb
Contents
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189
I Avgvì c nZ wekl AbyMnic cq`v KiZ PvB| ZvQvov GUv

(c~e _KB) wbavwiZ welq (gvwiqvg 19/16-21)| AZtci wRexj
gvwiqvgi gyL A_ev Zuvi cwiwnZ Rvgvq duyK gvijb Ges ZvZB Zuvi
Mf mvi nj (Avw^qv 21/91; Zvnixg 66/12)| Ab AvqvZ GK
Avjvn&i Kjgv (5),1 ;.U1"0[1) A_vr Kzb& (nI) ejv nqQ (Avj Bgivb 3/45)|
AZtci Avjvn ejb,
.
,o00a 10",t3 1:Q1G 401@ 5B.t.U: .IS.G0D0 >%1W0a 0[. 1)1 ,j0Q..-0 5),-0".U.90
E0 .F.G ,0a A1.v,9.u ?f0J .H1-,9.u ,1 .I..0 >%1,3 %,. 5o+T. 0Q.I 0E,0a ko1 A1.-,%0
>%1.G 0O5C 1/,%0". :1a.5u 1 0",t3 1:Q11 1/,%01@ ,z7v5I. >
1. 1/.-,9.u 1/k.C
5j,C0Q. ,A71@ ,A1*+=0 .0J 1..: .1 3
1..u 3120 ,%. ,z70a. ,A1.,. ,A1"+[0
>(~>~~ ) >%11@ .<,*.%: .$n"0T+J ,0"0 K,*.x 1.U,3"1
AZtci gvwiqvg Mf mvb aviY Kij Ges Zrmn GKUz `~ieZx vb
Pj Mj (gvwiqvg 22)| GgZvevq cme e`bv ZvK GKwU LRyi
ei g~j Avkq wbZ eva Kij| ZLb m ejj, nvq! Avwg hw` Gi
AvMB gviv hZvg Ges Avwg hw` gvbyli wZ _K wejy nq hZvg
(23)| Ggb mgq dikZv ZvK wbg`k _K (A_vr cvkeZx
wbgf~wg _K) AvIqvh w`q ejj, Zzwg `ytL Kiv bv| Zvgvi
cvjbKZv Zvgvi cv``k GKwU SYvaviv mw KiQb (24)| Avi
Zzwg LRyi ei Kv ai wbRi w`K bvov `vI, Zv _K Zvgvi
w`K myc LRyi cwZZ ne (25)| Zzwg Avnvi Ki, cvb Ki Gs ^xq
Pz kxZj Ki| Avi hw` Kvb gvbylK Zzwg `L, Ze ZvK ej w`qv
h, Avwg `qvgq Avjvn&i Rb wQqvg cvjbi gvbZ KiwQ| myZivs Avwg
AvR Kvi mv_ Kvb gZB K_v eje bv (gvwiqvg 19/22-26)|
DjL h, Bmjvg-c~e Kvji wewfb kixAvZ meZt wQqvg cvjbi
mv_ AbZg wbqg wQj mvivw`b gbZv Aej^b Kiv| nhiZ hvKvwiqv
(Avt)-KI mvb c`vbi wb`kb wnmve wZb w`b wQqvgi mv_
gbZv Aej^bi wb`k Ìqv nqwQj| Ze H Aevq Bkviv-BwZ
Contents
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K_v ejvi AeKvk wQj (gvwiqvg 19/10-11)| GKBfve gvwiqvgKI wb`k

Ìqv nj (gvwiqvg 19/26)|
AvjvPbv :
(1) hnZz Cmv (Avt)-Gi RbMnYi evcviwU m~Yfve AjwKK,
ZvB Zvi MfaviYi gqv` ^vfvweK wbqgi ewnf~Z wQj ejB ai
wbZ ne| bq gvm `kw`b ci mvb cme kl Pwjk w`b bdvm
A_vr iRtmve nZ cweZvi gqvÌ GLvb aZe bv nIqvB mgxPxb|
AZGe CmvK MfaviYi evcviUvI hgb wbqg ewnf~Z, Zvi f~wg
nIqv I Zvi gvqi cweZv jvfi cyiv NUbvUvB wbqg ewnf~Z Ges
AjwKK| Avi GUv Avjvn&i Rb GKeviB mvaviY welq| ^vgx-xi
gvag mvb Rb ne, gvK `k gvm MfaviY KiZ ne BZvw` wbqg
AvjvniB mw Ges GB wbqg f mvb `vb KivI ZuviB GLwZqvi|
Gw`K BwZ KiB Avjvn ejb,
>+6,*+[.%0 ,+T )5 0 00a 3$+ ;d.5u ,1 5)0=0".i .<.} 1E0.U0T 1' .,1 4.,%1 0E0. ?61@
>(|>br 6U }) >.
,1.-,U5U: .7 +[.u 00 ./73C 1 k8.9:
wbqB Avjvn&i wbKU Cmvi `v nj Av`gi gZ| ZvK wZwb gvwU
w`q mw Kib Ges ejb, nq hvI em nq Mj| hv Zvgvi cfy
Avjvn ejb, mUvB mZ| AZGe Zzwg mskqev`xì Afy nqv bv
(Avj Bgivb 3/59-60)| A_vr Av`gK hgb wcZv-gvZv QvovB mw Kiv
nqQ, CmvK Zgwb wcZv QvovB ay gvqi gvagB mw Kiv nqQ|
Avi GUvB h mZ Ges Gi evBi hveZxq Rbv-Kbv h wg_v, m
K_vI Dciv AvqvZ _nxbfve ej Ìqv nqQ| `yfvM GB h,
h eby BmvCji bex I ivm~j nq Cmv (Avt)-Gi AvMgb NUjv, mB
B`x-bvQvivivB Avjvn&i D NvlYvK wg_v ej MY KiQ| A_P
GB nZfvMviv gvwiqvgi c~ew`K hvIqvi AbymiY c~ew`KK Zvì
wKejv evwbqQ|99
99. Cmvi Rbi vbwUK GLb Bethlehem ($ o%) ejv nq| hv Di Kz`&m _K 8
wK:wg: `wY AewZ Ges wdwjxbi cwg Zxi BmvCji `Ljxfy|- jLK \
Contents
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191
(2) GLvb AviKwU welq jYxq h, gvwiqvgK LRyi MvQi Kv

ai bvov w`Z ejv nqQ, hvZ myc LRyi bxP cwZZ nq| GUvZ
eySv hvq h, IUv wQj ZLb LRyi cvKvi gmyg A_vr MxKvj| Avi
Lvbiv Kw_Z hx Li Rbw`b Z_v Zvì fvlvq X-mas Day ev eo
w`b Drme cvjb Ki _vK kxZKvj 25k wWmî ZvwiL| A_P Gi
Kvb wfw Zvì KvQ bB| hgb Kvb wfw bB gymjgvbì KvQ
12B iexDj AvDqvj GKB ZvwiL klbex gynvv` (Qvt)-Gi Rb I
gZz wèm cvjbi| A_P RvwZwevbi wnmve Abyhvqx ivm~ji
Rbwèm wQj 9B iexDj AvDqvj mvgevi I gZzi ZvwiL wQj 12B
iexDj AvDqvj mvgevi|
Bmjvg Kvi Rb ev gZz wèm cvjbi weavb bB| ymW hyi mgq
Lvb evwnbxi eo w`b cvjbi `Lv`wL 605 A_ev 625 wnRixZ
BivKi Giej c`ki MfYi Avey mvC` gyhvddixb KzKzeyix (586632 wn:)-Gi gvag Kw_Z C` gxjv`ybexi c_v c_g Pvjy nq| GB
weÀvZx c_v Kvb Kvb gymwjg `k wekl Ki fviZ Dcgnv`k
wkKo Mo emQ|
(3) GLvb AviKwU welq jYxq h, LRyi MvQi Mvov ai bvov
Ìqv KLbvB me bq| wekl Ki GKRb m` cm~Z mvbi gvqi
c| Gi ga G welq BwZ iqQ h, bKxi KvR Avjvn&i Dci
fimv Ki ev`vK AekB GwMq hZ ne| hZ mvgvbB nK KvR
KiZ ne| Avjvn ZvZB eiKZ wèb| hgb Zvj~Z I `vE`K
Avjvn w`qwQjb Ges hgb klbex (Qvt)-K Avjvn mvnvh
KiwQjb weklfve wnRiZi ivwZ gv ZvMi mgq,
wnRiZKvjxb mdi Ges eì I L`K hyi KwVb mgq| AZGe
Avgiv ai wbZ cvwi h, gvwiqvgi MfaviY, mvb cme I cme
cieZx cweZv ARb meB wQj AjwKK Ges meB AZ `Z mgqi
ga mb nq|
Gi cii NUbv Avgiv mivmwi KziAvb _K weeZ Kie| Avjvn ejb,
Contents
192
192
. 065C.I .o,i+J .

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10 K,%. 1o:1G ,0=0 5$
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AZtci gvwiqvg Zvi mvbK wbq Zvi mc`vqi KvQ DcwZ
nj| Zviv ejj, n gvwiqvg! Zzwg GKUv Avh e wbq GmQ| n
nviYi evb!100 Zvgvi wcZv Kvb Amr ew wQjb bv wKsev Zvgvi
gvZvI Kvb ewfPvwiYx gwnjv wQjb bv (gvwiqvg 19/27-28)| KIgi
jvKì G aibi K_v I m`ni RIqve wbR wKQz bv ej wewe
gvwiqvg Zvi m` cm~Z mvbi w`K Bkviv Kijb| A_vr GK_vi
Reve mB-B wè| Kbbv m Avjvn&i Ìqv GK AjwKK mvb, hv
KIgi jvKiv Rvb bv| Avjvn ejb,
1' 5,. ,A71@ 00a >%1.x 1,H.U: A1 060T ,. 5$n"0[5 .L,%0T *+0a 1),%01@ ,j.C.0D0
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AZtci gvwiqvg Cmvi w`K BwZ Kij| ZLb jvKiv ejj, Kvji
wki mv_ Avgiv wKfve K_v eje? (gvwiqvg 29)| Cmv ZLb ej
DVj, Avwg Avjvn&i `vm| wZwb AvgvK wKZve (BbRxj) c`vb KiQb
Ges AvgvK bex KiQb (30)| Avwg hLvbB _vwK, wZwb AvgvK
eiKZgq KiQb| wZwb AvgvK Rvivjv wb`k w`qQb hZw`b
RxweZ _vwK, ZZw`b QvjvZ I hvKvZ Av`vq KiZ (31)| Ges Avgvi
gvqi AbyMZ _vKZ| Avjvn AvgvK DZ I nZfvMv Kibwb (32)|
Avgvi cwZ kvw hw`b Avwg RbMnY KiwQ, hw`b Avwg gZzeiY
Kie Ges hw`b RxweZ cybiwZ ne (gvwiqvg 19/29-33)|
100. gvwiqvgi GK Bev`Zhvi fvBqi bvg wQj nviY| A_ev nviY (Avt)-Gi eskai
nIqvi KviYI GUv ejv nZ cvi (KziZzex)|
Contents
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Cmvi Dciv ee kl Kivi ci mskqev`x I weZKKvix jvKì

Dk Ki Avjvn ejb,
,1 0Q1t3-
3 60J 1'1 060T . >06,5.-,U
. 1),%1 ,z1Q? 78.9: 0,*0a .$
.,. 5, 4.,%1 ./10`
,$+[k.C. ,A7.C R' ?61@. >+6,*+[.%0 ,+T 5)0 +,*+=
. .U3120 K,0J 4.M0a 0`1@ 5)..9, 5 ;0.
>(X>XY ) >$,%1=.-,k _.1x 0Q.I 5l,55,0
BwbB njb gvwiqvg cy Cmv| Avi IUvB nj mZK_v (hv Dci
ewYZ nqQ), h welq jvKiv (AnZzK) weZK Ki _vK (gvwiqvg
34)| Avjvn Ggb bb h, wZwb mvb MnY Kieb (hgb AwZf
Lvbiv ej _vK h, Cmv Avjvn&i cy)| wZwb gnvcwe| hLb wZwb
Kvb KvR Kivi wmv bb, ZLb ejb, nI! em, nq hvq (35)|
Cmv AviI ejj, wbqB Avjvn Avgvi cvjbKZv Ges Zvgvì
cvjbKZv| AZGe Zvgiv Zuvi Bev`Z Ki| (gb iL) GUvB nj
mij c_ (gvwiqvg 19/34-36)|
wK m`cm~Z wk Cmvi gyL w`q Abyic mviMf K_v bI wK
KIgi jvKiv Avk nZ ciwQj? wKQz jvK Avk njI AbK
cviwb| Zviv bvbv evR K_v iUvZ _vK| Zvì Hme evK-weZvi
cwZ BwZ KiB cieZx AvqvZ Avjvn ejb,
,p1U,0J >;$,%1. ;<,*

. 1.H,3 1 ,50(0T .
,1Q?"n _E
,.*0 ,$1H1,%. ,1 5d.v,0D: .L0".-,i0
>(X>Xq ) >;,%1k ;0.s ,A1 .<,*.%: 06,*5U1? 11[0 ..,*5u:D
. .<,*
. ,1W,0J. ,$1H1
AZtci Zvì gaKvi wewfb `j wewfb (gZ I c_) wef nq Mj
(`ywbqvZ hvi kl ne bv)| AZGe wKqvgZi gnvwèm AvMgb Kvj
Awekvmx Kvwdiì Rb asm| mw`b Zviv PgrKvifve be I
`Le, hw`b Zviv mevB Avgvì KvQ AvMgb Kie| wK AvR
hvjgiv cKvk wevwZ iqQ (gvwiqvg 19/37-38)|
Contents
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gvwiqvgi mZxZ mK Avjvn&i mv :

Avjvn cvK wbRB gvwiqvgi mZxZ mK mv w`q ejb,
,o0a3.x. .1,kC 1 1)%1 .t

, 0(.0 .H.G,0 ,o..W,0J A1-? 06.,U1 .o., .$
.,..
>({~ 9-) >.w1-10=: .1 ,o.0T. 1)15-+T. .H7.C 1j.U1"0[1
wZwb `v eYbv Kib Bgivb Zbqv gvwiqvgi, h Zvi mZxZ eRvq
iLwQj| AZtci Avwg Zvi ga Avgvi c nZ in duyK
w`qwQjvg Ges m Zvi cvjbKZvi evYx I wKZve mg~nK mZ
cwiYZ KiwQj Ges m wQj webqxì AbZg (Zvnixg 66/12)|
gvwiqvgi ewk mg~n :
(1) wZwb wQjb wek bvix mgvRi kxlvbxqv Ges Avjvn&i gbvbxZ I
cwe ewZ (Avj Bgivb 3/42)|
(2) wZwb wQjb me`v Avjvn&i Dcvmbvq iZ, webqx, iKz Kvwibx I
wmR`vKvwibx (H, 3/43)|
(3) wZwb wQjb mZxmvax Ges Avjvn&i Av`k I evYx mg~ni ev
evqbKvwibx (Zvnixg 66/12)|
(4) Avjvn wbRB Zvi bvg ivLb gvwiqvg (Avj Bgivb 3/36)| AZGe
wZwb wQjb AZxe mfvMeZx|
wkYxq welq mg~n:
(1) gvwiqvg wQjb Zvi gvqi gvbZi mvb Ges Zvi bvg Avjvn
wbR iLwQjb|
(2) gvwiqvgi gv `vAv KiwQjb GB gg h, Avwg ZvK I Zvi m
vbìK Avjvn&i Avkq mgcY KiwQ Awfk kqZvbi Kej nZ
Ges Avjvn m `vAv Keyj KiwQjb Dgic| AZGe gvwiqvg I
Zvi cy Cmvi cweZv mK Kvbic m`ni AeKvk bB|
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(3) gvwiqvg Avjvn&i Ni evqZzj gyKvvmi wL`gZ iZ wQjb Ges

ZvK Avjvn&i c nZ wekl dj-djvwì gvag Lv` cwiekb Kiv
nZ (Avj Bgivb 3/37)| GZ eySv hvq h, cwevZv gwnjvMY
gmwRì wL`gZ KiZ cvib Ges Avjvn Zuvi bKKvi ev`vì Rb
hKvb vb Lv` cwiekb Ki _vKb|
(4) gvwiqvgi MfaviY I Cmvi RbMnY wQj m~Yic AjwKK
NUbv| Avjvn cvK wbqgi mv Ges wZwbB wbqgi fKvix| ZvK
Kvb welq eva Kivi gZ KD bB| wZwb wcZv-gvZv QvovB Av`gK
mw KiQb| AZtci wcZv QvovB ay gvZvi gvag CmvK mw
KiQb| wZwb hv Lykx ZvB KiZ cvib|
(5) Cmvi Rb MxKvj nqwQj LRyi cvKvi gImyg| Lvbì ga
cPwjZ aviYv gZ 25k wWmîi cP kxZi mgq bq|
(6) dikZv gvbevKwZ aviY Ki A_ev A`k _K bKKvi ev`vK
Avjvn&i Kzg mvnvh Ki _vKb| hgb wRexj gvbevKwZ aviY Ki
gvwiqvgi Rvgvq duyK w`jb| AZtci A`k _K AvIqvh w`q Zvi
Lv` I cvbxqi c_ wb`k `vb Kijb|
(7) ev`vK Kej cv_bv KijB Pje bv, ZvK KvR bvgZ ne|
ZeB ZvZ Avjvn&i mvnvh bg Avme| hgb LRyi ei Kv ai
bvov Ìqvi mvgvb cPvi gvag Avjvn&i Kzg myc LRyi mg~n
cwZZ nq|
(8) wekl mgq Avjvn&i Kzg wk mvbi gyL w`q mviMf ee
mg~n ei nZ cvi| hgb Cmvi gyL w`q ei nqwQj Zvi gvqi
cweZv cgvYi Rb| eyLvix kixd ewYZ eby BmvCji RyivqR-Gi
NUbvqI Gi cgvY cvIqv hvq|101
(9) Cmv Kvb Dcvm wQjb bv| eis wZwb wQjb Abì gZ Avjvn&i
GKRb `vm gv Ges wZwb wQjb Avjvn&i GKRb mvwbZ bex I
wKZveavix ivm~j|
101. eyLvix, nv/2482 gvhvwjg Aavq 35 AbyQ`|
Contents
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(10) Cmv h webv evc cq`v nqwQjb, Zvi AbZg cgvY GB h,

KziAvbi me ZuvK gvwiqvg-cy ( 4%) ejv nqQ
(evKvivn 2/87, 253; Avj Bgivb 3/45 cfwZ)| wcZv-gvZv Dfq _vKj
nqZev ZuvK Kej Cmv ejB m^vab Kiv nZ, hgb Abvb
bexMYi ejvq Kiv nqQ| A_P gvwiqvgK Zvi wcZvi w`K m^
Ki gvwiqvg webZ Bgivb (6U o) Bgivb-Kbv ejv nqQ
(Zvnixg 66/12)|
(11) GKgv gvwiqvgi bvg aiB Avjvn Zuvi mZxZi mv NvlYv

KiQb (Zvnixg 66/12)| hv cw_exi Ab Kvb gwnjv mK Kiv
nqwb| AZGe hveZxq weZKi Aemvbi Rb GUzKzB h_| ZvQvov
Avjvn ZuvK wQxKvn A_vr K_vq I Kg mZev`xbx AvLv w`qQb
(gvq`vn 5/75)| hUv Ab Kvb gwnjv mK Ìqv nqwb|
Cmv (Avt)-Gi ewk mg~n :
(1) wZwb wQjb webv evc cq`v weki GKgv bex (Avj Bgivb 3/46
cfwZ)| (2) Avjvn ^qs hvi bvg ivLb gmxn Cmv ic (Avj Bgivb
3/45)| (3) wZwb kqZvbi AwbKvwiZv nZ gy wQjb (H, 3/3637)| (4) `ywbqv I AvLivZ wZwb wQjb gnv mvbi AwaKvix Ges
Avjvn&i GKv wcqRbì AbZg (Avj Bgivb 3/45)| (5) wZwb
gvZvo _KB mviMf ee ivLb (gvwiqvg 19/27-33; Avj Bgivb
3/46)| (6) wZwb eby BmvCjMYi cwZ cwiZ nqwQjb (Avj Bgivb
3/49) Ges klbex Avngv`-Gi AvMgbi fwelvYx Kib (Qd
61/6)| (7) Zuvi gvRhv mg~ni ga wQj- (K) wZwb gvwUi Zix
cvwLZ duyK w`jB Zv Rxe nq Do hZ (L) wZwb RbvK Pzvb
I Kz ivMxK my KiZ cviZb (M) wZwb gZK RxweZ KiZ
cviZb (N) wZwb ej w`Z cviZb gvbyl evox _K hv Lq Avm
Ges hv m Ni mwZ iL Avm (Avj Bgivb 3/49; gvq`vn 5/110)|
(8) wZwb Avjvn&i wKZve BbRxj cv nqwQjb Ges c~eeZx M
ZIivZi mZvqbKvix wQjb| Ze ZIivZ nvivgKZ AbK welqK
wZwb nvjvj Kib (Avj Bgivb 3/50)| (9) wZwb B`x Pvi wkKvi
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nq miKvix wbhvZbi myLxb nb| dj Avjvn ZuvK mkixi

Avmgvb DwVq bb (Avj Bgivb 3/52, 54-55; wbmv 4/158)| kiv
ZuviB gZ AviKRbK m`n ek k~j Pwoq nZv Ki Ges Zviv
wbwZfveB CmvK nZv Kiwb (wbmv 4/157)| (10) wZwbB GKgv
bex, hvK Avjvn RxweZ Aevq `ywbqv _K Avmgvb DwVq wbqQb
Ges wKqvgZi cvvj wZwb cybivq mkixi `ywbqvZ AeZiY Kieb
Ges `vvj, zk, k~Ki cfwZ asm Kieb| AZtci Bgvg gvn`xi
bZZ mviv cw_exZ Bmjvgx kixAvZ Abyhvqx kvwi ivR Kvqg
Kieb|102
nhiZ Cmv (Avt)-Gi Kvwnbx :
mvaviYZt mKj bexB 40 eQi eqm beyAZ jvf KiQb| Ze Cmv
(Avt) meZt Zvi wKQz c~eB beyAZ I wKZve cv nb| Kbbv wewfb
iIqvqvZ viv cgvwYZ nqQ h, AvKvk Zzj bevi mgq Zuvi eqm
30 _K 35-Gi ga wQj| wZwb heb AvKvk DvwjZ nqwQjb
Ges cp eqm cybivq `ywbqvq wdi Gm gvbylK ZvInxì `vIqvZ
wèb|
Cmv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZ :
Cmv (Avt) beyAZ jvf Kivi ci ^xq KIgK cavbZt wbv 7wU
welq `vIqvZ w`q ejb, .Un Ka7.Wk $+[,%01@ 1' +*5.C A71@ 0E%1N.,1@ A1..
>5.U,0J 5)5U, z1,F. ,1 A1u:D

. ; *5.1 7.5. 1h.C,*3- .1 3z.
. .,%. n eby
BmvCjMY! Avwg Zvgvì wbKU AvMgb KiwQ (1) Avjvn&i ivm~j
wnmve (2) Avgvi c~eeZx ZIivZ wKZvei mZvqbKvix wnmve Ges
(3) Avgvi ci AvMgbKvix ivm~ji mymsev` `vbKvix wnmve, hvi bvg
ne Avngv`... (Qd 61/6)| wZwb ejjb, 5l55,0 ,$+[k.C. A7.C R' ?61@.
$,%1=.-,k _.1x 0Q.I (4) wbqB Avjvn Avgvi cvjbKZv Ges Zvgvì
cvjbKZv| AZGe Zvgiv Zuvi Bev`Z Ki| GUvB mij c_ (gvwiqvg
19/36)|
102. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/5505-7 wdZvb Aavq Cmvi AeZiY AbyQ`-5;
wZiwghx, Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/5452-5, H, wKqvgZi AvjvgZ mg~n AbyQ`-2|
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wZwb ejjb, ,z1Q? .,F. $+[0 ?E11. 1h.C,*3- .1 3z.

. .,%. .Un Ka7.W5.
>(b| 6U }) >16*5F%1OJ0. R' :*+=3u0 ,$+[73C 7 ;

.1 $+[5-:1G. ,$+[,%0". .<75
Avgvi AvbxZ G wKZve (BbRxj) c~eeZx wKZve ZvIivZK mZvqb
Ki Ges GRb h, (5) Avwg Zvgvì Rb nvjvj Ki è Kvb
Kvb e, hv Zvgvì Rb nvivg wQj| Avi (6) Avwg Zvgvì
wbKU GmwQ Zvgvì cvjbKZvi wb`kb mn| AZGe (7) Zvgiv
AvjvnK fq Ki Ges Avgvi AvbyMZ Ki (Avj Bgivb 3/50)|
GUvi evLv GmQ Ab AvqvZ h,
E1 ,%1. ,. ,$1I7.W1. ,$5H0 ,o?"1+J ;j.7%0O ,$1H,%0". .,3. ,5.I .
,1Q? .7 ;$:"+10
.,.-,0J. 1E1O.:1 1Z3 0.*,0J ,$1H1":T0J. 5),. ,*5H5 ,0a. .7 5$1I1Q,i0J. >,%10T 1'
>({{>{| S) >KU,%10J K0Q. ,$5H,1 .
,110[:"1
eZt B`xì cvci KviY Avgiv Zvì Dci nvivg KiwQjvg
e cwe e, hv Zvì Rb nvjvj wQj| GUv wQj (1) Avjvn&i c_
Zvì AwaK evav `vbi KviY| Ges G KviY h, (2) Zviv m~`
MnY KiZ| A_P G evcvi Zvì wbla Kiv nqwQj Ges G KviY
h, (3) Zviv Acii m` Abvqfve fvM KiZ| eZt Avgiv
Kvwdiì Rb cZ iLwQ e`bv`vqK kvw (wbmv 4/160-161)| wZwb
AviI ejb,
$, 1H,%0". .,3. 1$.. :. 10=.: .1. ;+(+ ,z1` ?E+T .,3. ,5.I .
,1Q? 40"..
./10` ;$:.F1 00".-,i . ,0J .
.*.9: 10J .U5I5C,*5H+ ,o0".U. . ?f1@ .U5H.*595
>({Y <F) >06,*+a1.W0 31@1 ,$1H1%, .1 ,$5I.
,.v.G
Ges B`xì Rb Avgiv (1) cZK bLwewk c nvivg KiwQjvg
Ges (2) QvMj I Mi _K GZ`yfqi Pwe Avgiv Zvì Rb nvivg
KiwQjvg| wK H Pwe eZxZ hv c wKsev A mshy _vK A_ev
Awi mv_ wgwjZ _vK| Zvì AevaZvi KviY Avgiv Zvì G
kvw w`qwQjvg| Avi Avgiv AekB mZev`x (AvbAvg 6/146)|
Contents
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Cmv (Avt)-Gi ckKZ cuvPwU wb`kb :

ZvInx` I wimvjvZi Dci Cgvb Avbvi `vIqvZ Ìqvi ci wZwb
eby BmvCjK Zuvi AvbxZ wb`kb mg~n eYbv Kib| wZwb ejb,
.7 ,$+[0 58+",i0J ,A70J ,$+[73C 7 ;

.1 ,$+[5-:1G ,0a ,A70J 0E,%1N.,1@ ,A1. 401@ Kf,*5.C.
..,R .).U:T 51,+J. 1' 16:`121 K,%0O +6,*+[.%0 1),%1 5+(,0D0 1,%?! 10,%.H0T 1,%n!
?61@ ,$+[1u,*5%5 ,A1 06,51i3.u .. 06,*+"+T:D.u .U1 ,$+[+7.+J. 1' 16:`121 4.u,*.U: A1%,+J.
>(Yr 6U }) >.w11,k $5-+T :61@ ,$+[? K
.^ ./10` ,A1
wbqB Avwg Zvgvì wbKU Zvgvì cvjbKZvi c _K GmwQ
wb`kbmg~n wbq| (hgb-) (1) Avwg Zvgvì Rb gvwU viv cvwLi
AvKwZ Zix Ki `B| Zvici ZvZ hLb duyK `B, ZLb Zv Do
cvwLZ cwiYZ nq hvq Avjvn&i Kzg| (2) Avi Avwg my Ki Zzwj
RbvK Ges (3) aej-Kz ivMxK| (4) Avi Avwg RxweZ Ki `B
gZK Avjvn&i Kzg| (5) Avwg ZvgvìK ej `B hv Zvgiv Lq
Avm Ges hv Zvgiv Ni iL Avm| GZ cK wb`kb iqQ hw`
Zvgiv wekvmx nI (Avj Bgivb 3/49)|
DjL h, hLb h `k h welqi AvwaK I DrKl _vK, ZLb mB
`k mB welq mevP eyrcw mn bex ciY Kiv nq| hgb g~mvi
mgq wgmi wQj Rv`ywe`vi cv`yfve| dj Avjvn ZuvK jvwVi gvRhv
w`q cvVvjb| Abyicfve Cmvi mgq kvg ev wmwiqv GjvKv wQj
wPwKrmv we`vq miv| mKviY CmvK Avjvn Dci ewYZ AjwKK
gZv I gvRhv mg~n w`q cvVvb| hgb klbex gynvv` (Qvt)-Gi
mgq Avieiv fvlv I mvwnZi mevP AjsKvi f~wlZ wQj| dj
KziAvb Zvì mvgb nZeywKvix gvRhv ic bvwhj nq| hvZ
Aviei ^bvgLvZ Kweiv gv_v bvqvZ eva nq|
`vIqvZi djkwZ :
Contents
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Cmv (Avt)-Gi gvRhv mg~n `L Ges Zuvi gyLwbtmZ ZvInxì evYx

b Mixe kYxi wKQz jvK Zuvi cwZ AvK njI `ywbqv`vi mgvR
bZviv Zuvi cwZ weic nq IV| KviY ZvInxì mvg evYx mgvRi
Kvqgx ^v_ev`x bZvì ^v_B c_g AvNvZ nb _vK| kqZvb
ZvìK KzgYv `q| dj Zviv Cmv (Avt)-Gi weivwaZvq wj nq|
weMZ bexMYi bvq eby BmvCjMY Zvì eski kl bex Cmv (Avt)Gi wei bvbvwea Pv i Ki| Zviv c_gB Cmv (Avt)-K
Rv`yKi ej AvLvwqZ Ki| hgb Avjvn ejb, (n Cmv!) ,$5H.-:1G :`1@
>({{| hN) >,%1k ,91 ?f1@ 0Q.I :61@ ,$5H,1 ,50(0T .

,1Q? 00=0 1j.7%.:1
hLb Zzwg Zvì KvQ cgvYvw` wbq GmwQj| AZtci Zvì ga
hviv Kvdi Zviv ejj, GUv cKvk Rv`y eZxZ wKQzB bq (gvq`vn 5/110)|
D Acev` Cmv (Avt) v bv nq eis AviI wY eM xbi
`vIqvZ w`q hZ _vKb| ZLb weivaxiv eQ bq AZxe bvsiv
c_| Zviv Zuvi gvqi bvg Acev` iUvZ i Ki| hvZ Cmv (Avt)
AZ e_v cjI beyAZi i`vwqZ cvjb KiZ wMq mewKQz
bxie mn KiZ _vKb| dj Cmv (Avt)-Gi mg_K msLv hZB
evoZ _vK, Awekvmx mgvR bZvì Pv ZZB ew cZ _vK|
Gevi Zviv ZuvK nZvi loh Kij Ges mRb `ki ev`kvnK Zuvi
wei wcq èvi loh Kij| Zviv AbeiZ ev`kvn&i Kvb fvwi
KiZ _vK GB gg h, jvKwU Avjvn `vnx| m ZvIivZ cwieZb
Ki mevBK weagx KiZ mP| Gme AwfhvM b Aekl ev`kvn
Zuvi wei MdZvix civqvbv Rvwi Kib| ZLb B`xì Gme
loh bmvr Kivi Rb Avjvn ^xq Kkj ciY Kib Ges Cmv
(Avt)-K mkixi Avmgvb DwVq bb|
B`xì Dci cwiZ Mhe I Zvi KviY mg~n :
Cmv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZ cZvLvb Kivi KviY Avjvn B`x Kvwdiì
Dci bvbvwea `ywbqvex Mhe bvwhj Kib| ZvìK Kb kvw Ìqv
nqwQj- m welq AbKwj KviYi ga Avjvn ejb,
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$, 1H1,*0a. 8. 1,%. 1 RS.%1,R 5$1H1",-0a. 1' 1j.

. ,$1I1:(+T. ,$5H0a0%1 ,$1H1M:=. .U10
,$1I1:(+[1. >K,%1"0a ?f1@ 06,*51,
5 00 ,$1I1:(+[1 .H,%0". ' .p.0O :E. L:"+y .5*+"+a
$.
.,. ., 4.,%1 .P,%1.U: .:"-.0a 31@ ,$1H1,*0a. >KU,%1. K.-,H5 .$
.,. 40". ,$1H1,*0a.
,A1(0 1),%1 ,*+(0".-,i .
, 1Q? ?61@. ,$5H0 .)75 ,1[0. 5l,*50".x .. 5l,*+".-0a .. 1' 0,*5.C
1),%01@ ' 5).F03C E. >K,%1=
. 5l,*+".-0a .. 7? ..7u ?f1@ ;$:"1 ,1 1)1 ,$5H0 . 5),7 /.
>({b>{bb S) >KU,%1[. Kv
,1v. ' 060T.
Zviv h kvwcv nqwQj, Zv wQj (1) Zvì AxKvi fi KviY,
(2) Abvqfve ivm~jMYK nZv Kivi KviY Ges (3) Zvì GB
Dwi KviY h, Avgvì `q AvQb... (wbmv 155)| Avi (4) Zvì
Kzdixi KviY Ges (5) gvwiqvgi cwZ gnv Acev` Avivci KviY
(156)| Avi Zvì (6) GK_vi KviY h, Avgiv gvwiqvg-cy Cmv
gmxnK nZv KiwQ, whwb wQjb Avjvn&i ivm~j| A_P Zviv bv ZuvK
nZv KiwQj, bv k~j PwoqwQj| eis Zvì Rb auvavi mw Kiv
nqwQj| eZt Zviv G evcvi bvbvwea K_v ej| Zviv G welq
m`ni gvS co AvQ| aygv aviYvi AbymiY Kiv eZxZ G welq
Zvì Kvb vbB bB| Avi wbwZfveB Zviv ZvK nZv Kiwb
(157)| eis ZvK Avjvn wbRi KvQ DwVq wbqQb| Avi Avjvn
njb gnv civv I cvgq (wbmv 4/155-158)|
B`xì Awfk nIqvi 10wU KviY :
m~iv wbmv 155-61 AvqvZ B`xì Bci Avjvn&i Mhe bvwhji I
Zvì Awfk nIqvi h KviY mg~n ewYZ nqQ, Zv msc wbic :
(1) Zvì evcK cvcvPvi (2) Avjvn&i c_ evav `vb (3) m~`x
jb`b (4) Acii m` Abvqfve fY (5) AxKvi f Kiv (6)
bexMYK nZv Kiv (7) Avjvn&i c_ AvMnx bv nIqv Ges ARynvZ
Ìqv h, Avgvì `q AvQb (8) Kzdix Kiv (9) gvwiqvgi cwZ
wg_v Acev` Ìqv (10) CmvK k~j we Ki nZvi wg_v `vex
Kiv|
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Cmv (Avt)-K nZvi loh I Zuvi Eavivnb :

ZrKvjxb ivg mgvU QvwZq~bym-Gi wb`k (gvhnvix) Cmv (Avt)-K
MdZvii Rb miKvix evwnbx I B`x PvKvixiv Zuvi evox NivI
Ki| Zviv RbK bivagK Cmv (Avt)-K nZv Kivi Rb cvVvq|
wK BwZc~e Avjvn Cmv (Avt)-K DwVq bIqvq m wedj gbvi_
nq wdi hvq| wK Gwi ga Avjvn&i Kzg Zvi Pnviv Cmv (Avt)Gi m`k nq hvq| dj B`xiv ZvKB Cmv fe k~j we Ki nZv
Ki|
B`x-bvQviviv Kej m`ni ekeZx nqB bvbv K_v ej Ges CmvK
nZv Kivi wg_v `vex Ki| Avjvn ejb, G welq Zvì KvbB vb
bB| Zviv KejB m`ni ga co AvQ| GUv wbwZ h, Zviv
ZvK nZv KiZ cviwb(wbmv 4/157)| eis Zvi gZ KvDK Zviv nZv
KiwQj |
DjL h, Cmv (Avt) Zuvi Dci wekvmx m hyMi I cieZx hyMi
mKj Lvbi cvci evSv wbR Kuva wbq cvqw îc k~j we
nq gZzeiY KiQb ej Lvbì `vex md cZviYv I AccPvi e
wKQzB bq|
Avjvn&i cuvPwU AxKvi :
B`xì wec nhiZ Cmv (Avt)-K mvnvhi evcvi Avjvn cuvPwU
Iqv`v KiwQjb Ges meKwUB wZwb c~Y Kib| (1) nZvi gvag bq
eis Zvi ^vfvweK gZz ne (2) ZuvK EaRMZ Zzj bIqv ne (3)
ZvK kì Acev` _K gy Kiv ne (4) Awekvmxì wec
Cmvi AbymvixìK wKqvgZ Aewa weRqx ivLv ne Ges (5)
wKqvgZi w`b mewKQzi P~ov dvqQvjv Kiv ne| G welqwj ewYZ
nqQ wbgv AvqvZ| hgb Avjvn ejb,
,50(0T .
,1Q? .1 .]57H0!5. 3A01@ ./5F1.C. ./,%n.*.-5 ,A71@ 4.,%1 .
' 00a :`1@
,$+[5F1G,. 3A01@ 3$+ 1 ..%1=: 1<,*
. 401@ ,50(0T .
,1Q? .c,*0 .],*5F.3u .
,1Q? +E1.G.
>(bb 6U }) >06,*+(1".-,t.u 1),%1 ,$5-,+T .U,%1 ,$+[.,%. 5$+[,0D0
Contents
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Avi iY Ki hLb Avjvn ejjb, n Cmv! Avwg ZvgvK IdvZ wè

Ges ZvgvK Avgvi KvQ Zzj be Ges ZvgvK Kvwdiì nvZ _K
gy Kie| Avi hviv Zvgvi AbymiY Kie, ZvìK wKqvgZ ch
Kvwdiì wei weRqx Ki ivLev| AZtci Zvgvì mevBK
Avgvi KvQ wdi AvmZ ne, ZLb Avwg Zvgvì gaKvi weev`xq
welq dvqQvjv Ki è (Avj Bgivb 3/55)|
D AvqvZ ewYZ ./,%n.*.-5 A_ Avwg ZvgvK IdvZ wè| IdvZ A_
cyivcywi bIqv| gZzKvj gvbyli Avqy c~Y nq ej GK IdvZ ejv
nq| icK A_ wb`v hvIqvKI IdvZ ev gZz ejv nq| hgb Avjvn
ejb, >.H1.. ,A1 ,o5U.u ,$0 ,A1-?. .H1u,*. .,%1 .+(,0D: 4?.*.-
. ' Avjvn
gvbyli cvY wbq bb Zvi gZzKvj, Avi h gibv Zvi wb`vKvj
(hygvi 39/42)| mKviY hvnnvK, dviiv cgyL wevbMY ./5F1.C. ./,%n.*.-5
?1@ -Gi A_ ejb, Avwg AvcbvK wbRi KvQ DwVq be Ges kl

hvgvbvq (cw_exZ bvwgq w`q) ^vfvweK gZz `vb Kie| GLvb
eYbvi AvMwcQ nqQ gv (KziZzex, Beby KvQxi)| hv KziAvbi e vb
nqQ| Cmvi AeZiY, `vvj wbab, cw_exZ kvwi ivR vcb
BZvw` welq Qnxn I gyZvIqvwZi nv`xQ mg~n ewYZ nqQ| cvq mKj
eo eo bexB wnRiZ KiQb| GY cw_ex _K Avmgvb DwVq
bIqv, AZtci cybivq cw_exZ wdwiq w`q ^vfvweK gZz `vb KivGUv Cmv (Avt)-Gi Rb GK aibi wnRiZ e wK! cv_K GB h,
Abvb bexMY `ywbqvZB GK vb _K Ab vb wnRiZ KiQb|
cvi Cmv (Avt) `ywbqv _K Avmgvb wnRiZ KiQb| AZtci
Avmgvb _K `ywbqvZ wdi Avmeb| Avjvn mevwaK AeMZ Ges
wZwbB mKj gZvi AwaKvix|
AZtci Cmvi Abymvixì wKqvgZ Aewa weRqx Ki ivLvi A_ Cgvbx
weRq Ges mwU Cmv (Avt)-Gi fwelvYx Abyhvqx klbex gynvv`
(Qvt)-Gi Abymvixì gvagB mb nqQ| Cgvbx weRqi mv_
mv_ ivRbwZK I A_bwZK weRq hgb LjvdZ hyM nqQ,
Contents
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fwelZ AveviI mUv ne| GgbwK Kvb ewNiI Bmjvgi weRq

wbkvb DoZ evKx _vKe bv| mekl wKqvgZ cvvj Cmv I gvn`xi
bZZ wekevcx ivRbwZK weRq msNwUZ ne Ges mviv cw_ex kvwi
ivR cwiYZ ne|103
nvIqvix Kviv?
e1C*. kwU C.*. avZz _K eyrcb| A_ Ìqvj PzbKvg Kivi Rb

aeae mv`v Pzb| cvwifvwlK A_ Cmv (Avt)-Gi LuvwU Abymvix
kxlvbxq f I mvnvhKvix ewMYK nvIqvix ejv nZ| KD
ejQb h, bvevZx fvlvq nvIqvix A_ avcv (CW=)| Cmvi LuvwU
AbymvixMY avcv wQjb, hviv Kvco aZ KiZb| ci Zviv H bvgB
cwiwPZ nb| A_ev GRb Zvì Dcvwa nvIqvix wQj h, Zviv me`v
mv`v cvlvK cwiavb KiZb| Kvb Kvb Zvdmxiwe` Zuvì msLv 12
Rb ejQb| Cmv (Avt)-Gi f mnPiMYK hgb nvIqvix ejv nq;
klbex gynvv` (Qvt)-Gi f mnPiMYK Zgwb Qvnvex ejv nq|
AvwfavwbK A_ Qvnvex A_ mv_x ev mnPi njI cvwifvwlK A_ ivm~j
(Qvt) eZxZ Abì mv_xMYK Qvnvex ejv nq bv| Kbbv GB
cwifvlvwU Kej HmKj cwevZv ewMYi RbB mw nqQ|
Aek nvIqvix kwU Kvb Kvb mgq ay mvnvhKvix ev AvwiK ez
A_I eeZ nq| hgb ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) GK`v ejb, cZK bexi
GKRb nvIqvix A_vr LuvwU mnPi _vK| Zgwb Avgvi nvIqvix nj
hyevqi|104
Cmv (Avt) hLb eby BmvCji ^v_ev`x bZvì weivwaZv I Pv
eySZ cvijb, ZLb wbRi GKwb mv_xì evQvB Kivi cqvRbxqZv
Dcjw Kijb Ges mevBK WK wRm Kijb, Zvgvì ga
Avgvi mwZKvii f I Abymvix Kviv? GK_vwUB KziAvb ewYZ
nqQ wbgvfve103. Avngv`, mb` Qnxn wgkKvZ nv/42; wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/5475, mb` Qnxn;
Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/5453-54; gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5507|
104. gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/6101 gvbwKe Aavq 9 AbyQ`|
Contents
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5 ,9. 06*k
1C.*.9: 00a 1' 401@ z1C.W0J ,. 00a .:(+[: 5$5H,1 4.%1 3.0J 3U0"0
0*53 .,F.3u. .o:.v0J .U1 3. } .3.C >06*5U1",5 30D1 ,.H,. 1'1 3.} 1' 5C.W0J
>(bX>b~ 6U }) >.
,11I3 .p. .,5-:T0
hLb Cmv eby BmvCji Kzdix AbyaveY Kijb, ZLb ejjb, Kviv
AvQ Avjvn&i c_ AvgvK mvnvhKvix? ZLb nvIqvixMY ejj, AvgivB
Avjvn&i c_ Avcbvi mvnvhKvix| Avgiv Avjvn&i Dci Cgvb GbwQ|
Avcwb mv _vKzb h Avgiv mevB AvZmgcYKvix| n Avgvì
cvjbKZv! Avgiv mB me welqi Dci wekvm vcb KiwQ, hv Zzwg
bvwhj KiQ Ges Avgiv ivm~ji Abymvix nqwQ| AZGe Zzwg
AvgvìK gvbKvixì ZvwjKvfy Ki bvI (Avj Bgivb 3/52-53)
Ab GmQ Gfve-
,. .w
71C.*.9:"1 .$
.,. 5, 4.%1 00a .U0T 1' .C.W0J ,*5,*+T *5.} .
1Q? .H
k0J .
A1. ,7 _0(1N?O o..R0 1' 5C.W0J 5,9. 06*k

1C.*.9: 00a 1' 401@ z1C.W0J
>.
11I0 *59.,x0D0 ,$1I75. 40". *5.R} .
1Q? .,
30D0 _0(1N?O j.0(0T. 0E%1N.,1@
>({Y LW)
n wekvmx MY! Zvgiv Avjvn&i mvnvhKvix nq hvI| hgb gvwiqvgZbq Cmv nvIqvixì ejwQj, K AvQ Avjvn&i Rb AvgvK
mvnvhKvix? nvIqvixiv ejwQj, AvgivB Avjvn&i mvnvhKvix| AZtci
eby BmvCji GKwU `j wekvm vcb Kij Ges Ab`j cZvLvb
Kij| AZtci Avgiv wekvmxì mvnvh Kijvg Zvì kì Dci|
dj Zviv weRqx nj (Qd 61/14)|
Aek nvIqvixì GB AvbyMZ cKvki gZv Avjvn `vb KiwQjb
Zuvi wekl AbyMn| hgb wZwb ejb,
.30D1 ,.H,. 3.} ,*+0a ,A1,*5.1. ,A1 ,*51} :60J .,%

71C.*.9: 401@ 5o,%.,0J :`1@R
>({{{ hN) >06,*5U1",5
Contents
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Avi hLb Avwg nvIqvixì gb RvMZ Kijvg h, Avgvi cwZ I

Avgvi ivm~ji cwZ wekvm vcb Ki, ZLb Zviv ejj, Avgiv wekvm
vcb Kijvg Ges Avcwb mvx _vKzb h, Avgiv mevB AvZmgcYKvix
(gvq`vn 5/111)| GLvb nvIqvixì wbKU Awn Kiv A_ Zvì `q
welqwU mvi Kiv ev RvMZ Kiv| GUv beyAZi Awn bq|
eZt kì Drcxob AwZ nq Cmv (Avt) Zuvi AbymvixMYi cwZ
Dciv Avnvb RvbvZ eva nqwQjb| mv_ mv_ evi Rb f
Abymvix Zuvi WvK mvov w`qwQjb Ges AvbyMZi kc_ wbqwQjb|
AZtci ZvivB Cmv (Avt)-Gi EavivnYi ci Cmvqx ag cPvi
DjLhvM Ae`vb ivLb| hwÌ cieZx Kvj Zvì ga e fRvj
XyK co Ges Zviv e `j wef nq hvq| AvRI wek Lvb mgvR
ivgvb Kv_wjK I cUvU bvg cavb `y`j wef| hvì iqQ
AmsL Dc`j| Avi Giv me `jB v|
Bgvg evMvfx (int) m~iv Qd 14 AvqvZi Zvdmxi Avyjvn Beb
Avevm (ivt) _K eYbv Kib h, Cmv (Avt)-Gi EavivnYi ci
Lvb RvwZ wZb `j wef nq hvq| GK`j ZvK Avjvn ej|
GK`j ZuvK Avjvn&i cy ej Ges GK`j ZvK Avjvn&i `vm I
ivm~j ej| cZK `ji Abymvix `j wQj| Zvì ga -Kjn
evoZ _vK| AZtci klbex gynvv` (Qvt)-Gi AvMgb NU Ges
wZwb gywgbì `jK mg_b `b| dj ZvivB `jxji wfwZ Rqjvf
Ki| ejv evj gywgb CmvqxMY mevB Bmjvg Keyj Ki ab nb|
wekvmxìK Avjvn mvnvh Kijb I Zviv weRqx nj ejZ DZ
gynvv`xK eySvbv nqQ| hviv Cmv I gynvv` Dfq bexi Dci
wekvm vcb KiQb Ges Awekvmx Kvdi gykwiKì Dci `ywbqv I
AvLivZ weRqx nqQb|
Avmgvb _K Lvv fwZ Lv` AeZiY :
g~mv (Avt)-Gi DZMYi Rb Avjvn Avmgvb _K gvbv I mvjIqvi
RvbvZx Lvevi bvwgq w`qwQjb| meZt ZvZ Dy nq GK`v
nvIqvixMY Cmv (Avt)-Gi wbKU Abyic `vex Ki emjv| welqwUi
KziAvbx eYbv wbgic-
Contents
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Kh.1N. .,%0". 07v.

5 60J ./k.C 5p,%1!.-,
. :E.I .$
.,. ., 4.,%1 .
06,*
k1C.*.9: 00a :`1@
31.U:!.u. .H,1 0E+T:D3 60J 5
,15 ,*+0a >.,%11,k $5-,+T :61@ R' ,*+=3u 00a 1S.U3 .7
$.
.,. 5, 4.,%1 00a >.
,11I3 .1 .H,%0". 06,*+[.. ..-:a..x ,0a :60J .$0",F.. .5,*+"+a
K.
}. .11i}. .130Dn K,%1 .0 +6,*+[.u 1S.U3 .7 Kh.1N. .,%0". :1v,0J .3.C 3$5H?"
5,F. ,+(:[
3 .U0 ,$+[,%0". .H+7v.5 ,A71@ ' 00a >.,%1a1g3 5,%.i .o,0J. .:a5g,C. ./,7
>({{b>{{~ hN) >.,%1U0.F: .7 K.0J 5)5nQ.+J ?f K0Q. 5)5nQ.+J ,A7120 ,$+[,1
hLb nvIqvixiv ejj, n gvwiqvg-cy Cmv! Avcbvi cvjbKZv wK
Gic KiZ cvib h, Avgvì Rb AvKvk _K Lv` fwZ Lvv
AeZiY Ki èb? wZwb ejjb, hw` Zvgiv Cgvb`vi nI, Ze
AvjvnK fq Ki (gvq`vn 112)| Zviv ejj, Avgiv Zv _K LZ
PvB, Avgvì Ai cwiZ ne Ges Avgiv Rb be h, Avcwb mZ
ejQb I Avgiv mv`vZv nq hve (113)| ZLb gwiqvg-Zbq Cmv
ejj, n Avjvn! n Avgvì cvjbKZv! Avgvì cwZ Avmgvb _K
Lv`fwZ Lvv AeZxY Kib| Zv Avgvì Rb Z_v Avgvì c_g I
cieZx mevi Rb Avb`vrme ne Ges Avcbvi c nZ GKwU
wb`kb ne| Avcwb Avgvì ihx `vb Kib| AvcwbB k ihx`vZv
(114)| Avjvn ejjb, wbqB Avwg m Lvv Zvgvì cwZ AeZxY
Kie| AZtci h ew AKZ ne, Avwg ZvK Ggb kvw è, h
kvw wekRMZ Aci KvDK è bv (gvq`vn 5/112-115)|
DjL h, D Lv` mwZ ivLv wbwl wQj| wZiwghxi GKwU nv`xQ
Avvi web Bqvwmi (ivt) nZ ewYZ nqQ h, D Lv`fwZ Lvv
Avmgvb nZ bvwhj nqwQj Ges nvIqvixMY Zwfi LqwQj| wK
jvKì ga wKQz jvK Zv mwZ iLwQj| dj Zviv evbi I k~Ki
icvwiZ nq wMqwQj|105
105. Avjevbx, hCd wZiwghx nv/3061, Zvdmxi Aavq; wgkKvZ nv/5150 wkvPvi
Aavq bvq KvRi Av`k AbyQ`-22|
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Cmv (Avt)-Gi Abymvixì Kzdix Ges wKqvgZi w`b Avjvn&i m

Cmv (Avt)-Gi K_vcK_b :
Cmv (Avt)-Gi Eavivnbi dj Cmvqxì ga h AvKx`vMZ wevw
`Lv `q Ges Zviv h KzdixZ wj nq, m welq Avjvn wKqvgZi
w`b CmvK wRvmvev` Kieb| hgb Avjvn ejb,
,1 1,%.H01@ .A7+J. ,A1,+Q1t3u 1Z3"1 .o:"+a .o,0J0J .$

.,. ., 4.,%1 .
' 00a :`1@.
)5 5-:"+a 5o,+T :61@ 8.91 ,A1 .%,0 . 0,*+a0J :60J ,A1 +6,*+[
. . ./..9,5 00a 1' 16,5
5<?. .o,0J ./31@ ./1:(. ,A1 . 5$0",0J 0f. ,A1:(. ,A1 . 5$0",F.u 5).-,U1". ,0=0
5 ,+T. ,$+[3.C. ,A7.C R' 55, 160J 1)1 ,A1.u,.0J . ?f1@ ,$5H0 5o:"+a . >1d,*5%5 :
o
.o,0J. ,$1H,%0". .,%1a3 .o,0J .o,+T ,A1.-,%?.*.u 3U0"0 ,$1H,%1 5o,5 3 K,%1H. ,$1H,%0".
.o,0J ./3120 ,$5H0 ,1(, .u :61@. .]5.1 ,$5H3120 ,$5H,nQ.F5u :61@ >,%1H. ;S,A. nE+T 40".
>({{>{{ hN) >5$,%1[.9: 5v
,1v.F:
hLb Avjvn ejeb, n gwiqvg-Zbq Cmv! Zzwg wK jvKì ejwQj
h, Zvgiv AvjvnK Qo AvgvK I Avgvi gvZvK Dcvm mve
Ki? Cmv ejeb, Avcwb gnvcwe| Avgvi Rb kvfv cvq bv h, Avwg
Ggb K_v ewj, hv ejvi Kvb AwaKvi Avgvi bB| hw` Avwg ej
_vwK, Ze Avcwb AekB Zv Rvbb| eZt Avcwb Avgvi gbi K_v
Rvbb, wK Avwg Rvwb bv wK Avcbvi gbi ga AvQ| wbqB Avcwb
A`k welq AeMZ (gvq`vn 116)| Avwg Zv Zvì wKQzB ewjwb,
Kej mK_vB ejwQ hv Avcwb ejZ ejQb h, Zvgiv Avjvn&i
`vmZ Ki, whwb Avgvi I Zvgvì cvjbKZv| eZt Avwg Zvì
mK AeMZ wQjvg, hZw`b Avwg Zvì ga wQjvg| AZtci hLb
Avcwb AvgvK jvKvwiZ Kijb, ZLb _K AvcwbB Zvì mK
AeMZ iqQb| Avcwb mKj welq c~Y AeMZ (117)| GY hw`
Avcwb ZvìK kvw `b, Ze Zviv Avcbvi `vm| Avi hw` Avcwb
Zvì gv Kib, Ze AvcwbB civv I gnvwe (gvq`vn 5/116-118)|
Contents
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209
Dciv 117bs AvqvZ ewYZ ,A1.-,%?.*.u 3U0"0 evKwUZ Cmv (Avt)-Gi

gZzi `jxj Zvjvk Kivi Ges Zuvi Eavivnbi welqwUK A^xKvi
Kivi cgvY wnmve Dcvcb Kivi Kvb myhvM bB| Kbbv G
K_vcK_bwU wKqvgZi w`b ne| hvi AvM Avmgvb _K AeZiYi
ci `ywbqvq Zuvi ^vfvweK gZz nq hve|106
Cmv (Avt)-Gi Kvwnbx _K wkYxq welq mg~n :
nhiZ Cmv (Avt)-Gi beyAZx Rxeb _K Avgiv wbgv wkYxq welq
mg~n RvbZ cvwi| hgb(1) wcZv Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi Kwb cy BmnvK (Avt)-Gi eski nvhvi
nvhvi bex-ivm~ji ga mekl bex I wKZveavix ivm~j wQjb nhiZ
Cmv (Avt)| Zuvi c~eKvi mKj bex Ges wZwb wbR klbex gynvv`
(Qvt) mK fwelvYx Ki MQb, whwb Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi R cy
BmgvCj (Avt)-Gi eski GKgv bex Ges mekl I mek ivm~j|
Cmv (Avt) ch mKj bex I ivm~j eby BmvCj Z_v ^ ^ Mvi cwZ
AvMgb KijI klbex cwiZ nqwQjb wek gvbeZvi cwZ wekbex
wnmve| AZGe Cmv (Avt)-Gi cwZkZ klbex Avngv` ev gynvv`Gi Abymvix DZ gynvv`xB nj Cmv (Avt)-Gi cKZ Abymvix I
cKZ Dimyix| bvgavix Lvbiv bq|
(2) gyRhv c`kbi gvag weivax cK fq `Lvbv hvq ev Pzc
Kivbv hvq| wK n`vqvZi Rb Avjvn&i ingZ AvekK| hgb Cmv
(Avt)-K h gyRhv Ìqv nqwQj, m aibi gyRhv Ab Kvb
bexK Ìqv nqwb| GgbwK Zuvi RbUvB wQj GK Rxe gyRhv| wK
Zv mI kiv n`vqvZ jvf Kiwb|
106. gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5475 wdZvb Aavq wKqvgZ cvvji wb`kb mg~n I
`vvji eYbv AbyQ`-3; gyvdvK AvjvBn, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5505-07,
wdZvb Aavq Cmvi AeZiY AbyQ`-5|
Contents
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(3) mewKQz gvbexq vb viv cwigvc Kiv hvq bv| eis me`v Gjvnx
wmvi cwZ wekvmx I AvKvsLx _vKZ nq| hgb gvwiqvg I Zrcy
Cmvi Rxebi cwZwU NUbvq cgvwYZ nqQ|
(4) hviv wbt^v_fve mgvRi KvR Kib I ciKvjxb gji c_
c`kb Kib, ^v_ci I `ywbqv c~Rvix mgvR bZviv Zvì k nq
Ges c` c` evav `q| wK mv_ mv_ GK`j wbt^v_ mnhvMxI
Zviv cq _vKb| hgb Cmv (Avt) cqwQjb|
(5) `ywbqvex msNvZ `ywbqv`viì cvw_e weRq njI P~ov wePvi
Zvì civRq nq Ges Zviv BwZnvm mevwaK wbw`Z ewZ cwiYZ
nq| cvi bex I mgvR msviKMY wbhvwZZ njI P~ov wePvi
ZvivB weRqx nb Ges mviv wek ZvìB f I Abymvix nq| Cmv
(Avt)-Gi Rxeb ZviB AbZg cK cgvY|
(wZxq L mgv)
> ./,%01@ 5d,*5u0J. .]51(, .-,0J .o,0J ?f1@ .)01@ 0f :60J 5.H,0J .]1,U.91. 3$5H?" ./..9,5
>5d.1 5<,*+=
. <. ,*
. .,%11,5U:"1. 3e.1.*1. 41,1(:y 3$5H?"
Contents
211
211
wZxq L
\ ckgvjv \
14-15. nhiZ g~mv I nviY (Avt)
ck (14-15/1) : KziAvb gvRx` Kvb& bexi AvjvPbv mevwaK vb
GmQ Ges Kb? (Di c: 9 `:)|
ck (14-15/2) : KIg g~mv I divEbi AvjvPbv KziAvbi KqwU
m~ivq KZ RvqMvq GmQ? (Di c: 10 `:)|
ck (14-15/3) : divEbi cwiPq wK? g~mvi divEb KqRb wQjb?
Zvì bvg wK? (Di c: 10 `:)|
ck (14-15/4) : Wye giv divEbi jvk Ke Kv_vq cvIqv hvq? Zv
GLb Kv_vq msiwZ AvQ? (Di c: 10-11 `:)|
ck (14-15/5) : divDbi AvjvPbv KziAvb gvRx` ekx nIqvi
KviY wK? (Di c: 11-12 `:)|
ck (14-15/6) : eby BmvCj g~jZt Kvi eskai? KziAvb Zvì D
bvg AwfwnZ Kivi KviY wK? (Di c: 12 `:)|
ck (14-15/7) : c_g I klbex eZxZ AwaKvsk bexMYi Avevmj
Kv_vq wQj? (Di c: 12 `:)|
ck (14-15/8) : eby BmvCjì Avw` evmvb Kv_vq? (Di c: 12 `:)|
ck (14-15/9) : g~mv I nviY BDmyd (Avt)-Gi KZZg Aatb cyil
wQjb? (Di c: 13 `:)|
ck (14-15/10) : nvKm~mMY KLb wgmi kvmb Kib? Zvì
kvmbvgj KZw`b vqx wQj? (Di c: 12-13 `:)|
ck (14-15/11) : BqvKei wgmi AvMgb I g~mvi cvbi ga KZ
eQii eeavb wQj? (Di c: 13 `:)|
ck (14-15/12) : g~mvi cwiPq wK? (Di c: 13 `:)|
Contents
212
cwe KziAvb ewY

25-2Rb bexi Kvwnbx
ckZg vjv
212
ck (14-15/13) : wZwb Kv_vq wKfve I KZ eQi eqm beyAZ jvf

Kib? (Di c: 14 `:)|
ck (14-15/14) : nviY (Avt) g~mvi KZ eQii eo wQjb? wZwb
Kv_vq gZzeiY Kib? (Di c: 14 `:)|
ck (14-15/15) : g~mv (Avt) Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi KZZg Aatb
cyil wQjb? (Di c: 13-14 `:)|
ck (14-15/16) : g~mv (Avt) Kv_vq Kv_vq Rxeb KvUvb I Kv_vq
gZzeiY Kib Ges Kv_vq Zvi Kei nq? (Di
c: 14-15 `:)|
ck (14-15/17) : AwaKvsk bex b~n (Avt)-Gi Kvb cyi eskai
wQjb? (Di c: 15 `:)|
ck (14-15/18) : divEb wK ^c `LwQjb? (Di c: 15 `:)|
ck (14-15/19) : divEb eby BmvCji cy mvbì nZv Kivi
Av`k `b Kb? (Di c: 15 `:)|
ck (14-15/20) : nviY (Avt) wKfve nZv _K euP hvb?
(Di c: 16 `:)|
ck (14-15/21) : g~mvi gvK Avjvn wK ej Afq `b?
(Di c: 16-17 `:)|
ck (14-15/22) : g~mv (Avt) wKfve euP hvb I Kv_vq wKfve
jvwjZ-cvwjZ nb? (Di c: 17-18 `:)|
ck (14-15/23) : g~mv (Avt) wKfve gvZvo wdi Gjb?
(Di c: 18 `:)|
ck (14-15/24) : g~mv (Avt) wKeZxK gvijb Kb?
(Di c: 20 `:)|
ck (14-15/25) : g~mv (Avt) wK wK cixvi myLxb nb?
(Di c: 21 `:)|
ck (14-15/26) : gv`Bqvb Kv_vq AewZ? (Di c: 22 `:)|
ck (14-15/27) : g~mv (Avt)-Gi gvw`qvb wnRiZi ga Avgvì
Rb wK wkYxq iqQ? (Di c: 22 `:)|
Contents
213
20. nhiZckAvj-Bqvmv
g vjv-3 (Avt)
213
ck (14-15/28) : gvw`qvb cuQ g~mv (Avt) Kvi KvQ Avkq jvf

Kib? (Di c: 23 `:)|
ck (14-15/29) : g~mv (Avt) KvK weevn Kib Ges Zuvi weevni
gvnivbv wK wQj? (Di c: 23 `:)|
ck (14-15/30) : mevwaK `~i`kx wZbRb ew K K wQjb?
(Di c: 24 `:)|
ck (14-15/31) : g~mv (Avt) KLb wgmi hvv Kib? (Di c: 24 `:)|
ck (14-15/32) : g~mv (Avt)-Gi c_ nvwiq Zi cvnvo cQbvi
Zvrch Kx? mLvb wMq wZwb Kv_vq ùvovjb?
(Di c: 25 `:)|
ck (14-15/33) : wZwb Zi cvnvo wMq wK `Ljb?
(Di c: 25 `:)|
ck (14-15/34) : wZwb wKfve beyAZ cjb? (Di c:25-26 `:)|
ck (14-15/35) : H mgq g~mvK c` `ywU gyRhv wQj wK wK?
(Di c: 26-27 `:)|
ck (14-15/36) : wgmi c`wkZ bqwU wb`kb wQj wK wK?
(Di c: 27-28 `:)|
ck (14-15/37) : g~mv (Avt) h cuvPwU `vAv KiwQjb, mwj wQj
wK wK? (Di c: 30-33 `:)|
ck (14-15/38) : g~mv (Avt) wKfve Kvjxgyjvn njb?
(Di c: 33 `:)|
ck (14-15/39) : divEb I Zvi mfvm`MYK Avjvn wK bvg
AwfwnZ KiQb? (Di c: 34 `:)|
ck (14-15/40) : divEbi KvQ ciYi mgq gymvK Avjvn wK
ej Afq `b? (Di c: 34 `:)|
ck (14-15/41) : g~mv (Avt) divEbK wK welq `vIqvZ
w`qwQjb? (Di c: 34-35 `:)|
ck (14-15/42) : `vIqvZi mvi-msc wK wQj? (Di c: 36 `:)|
Contents
214
cwe KziAvb ewY

25-4Rb bexi Kvwnbx
ckZg vjv
214
ck (14-15/43) : D `vIqvZi djkwZ wK wQj?

(Di c: 36 `:)|
ck (14-15/44) : divEb g~mv (Avt)-K Kvdi ejjb Kb?
(Di c: 37 `:)|
ck (14-15/45) : g~mvi jvwV I c`x nZvjy viv wK eySvbv nqQ?
(Di c: 38 `:)|
ck (14-15/46) : Rv`y I gyRhvi ga cv_K wK?
(Di c: 38-39 `:)|
ck (14-15/47) : divEbi Aevb wK wQj? (Di c: 39-40 `:)|
ck (14-15/48) : divEbi Revei mvi-msc wK wQj?
(Di c: 40 `:)|
ck (14-15/49) : g~mvi gyKvwejvq iwk wbci mgq Rv`yKiiv
wKmi kc_ KiwQj? (Di c: 42 `:)|
ck (14-15/50) : civRqi ci Rv`yKiiv wK Kij Ges divEb
RbMYi Dk wK fvlY w`j? (Di c: 43 `:)|
ck (14-15/51) : divDbi QqwU KUPvj wK wK wQj?
(Di c: 44 `:)|
ck (14-15/52) : Rv`yKiiv mZMnYi ci divEbi gwKi Reve
Zviv wK ejwQj? (Di c: 45-46 `:)|
ck (14-15/53) : Rv`yKiì kl cwiYwZ wK nqwQj?
(Di c: 47 `:)|
ck (14-15/54) : Rv`yKiì Dg cwiYwZZ wevbMY wK ge
KiQb? (Di c: 47 `:)|
ck (14-15/55) : Avwmqvi cwZwqv wK wQj? Zuvi cwiYwZ wK
nqwQj? (Di c: 48 `:)|
ck (14-15/56) : `v wnmve KziAvb ewYZ PviRb bvix K K?
(Di c: 49 `:)|
ck (14-15/57) : cw_exi k PviRb bvix K K?
(Di c: 49 `:)|
Contents
215
20. nhiZckAvj-Bqvmv
g vjv-5 (Avt)
215
ck (14-15/58) : eby BmvCji Dci divEbx hyjygmg~n wQj wK wK?

(Di c: 50, 52 `:)|
ck (14-15/59) : g~mv (Avt) ^xq KIgK wK Dc`k `b?
(Di c: 52 `:)|
ck (14-15/60) : eby BmvCjì wKejv wK wQj? (Di c: 52 `:)|
ck (14-15/61) : g~mv (Avt) divEb I Zvi KIgi Rb wK e`
`vAv Kib? (Di c: 53 `:)|
ck (14-15/62) : hyjyg mI eby BmvCjK wnRiZi wb`k bv
Ìqvi KviY wK wQj? (Di c: 54 `:)|
ck (14-15/63) : divEbx AvPiY _K wK wK wkYxq welq iqQ?
(Di c: 54-55 `:)|
ck (14-15/64) : divEbx mc`vqi cwZ wK wK Mhe AvcwZZ nq?
Mhei g~j Dk wK wQj? (Di c: 56 `:)|
ck (14-15/65) : wgmi c`wkZ wb`kb mg~n wQj KqwU I wK wK?
(Di c: 56 `:)|
ck (14-15/66) : wgmi eby BmvCji jvKmsLv KZ wQj?
(Di c: 63 `:)|
ck (14-15/67) : g~mv mvMiWywe _K Kvb ZvwiL gyw cqwQjb?
G w`bwU wK bvg Ges Kb GZ cwm?
(Di c: 66 `:)|
ck (14-15/68) : divEbi evwnbxK Wyweq gvivi KviY wK wQj?
(Di c: 68 `:)|
ck (14-15/69) : divEb I Zvi evwnbxi asmi ci g~mv (Avt)
wgmi wMq wmsnvmb `Lj Kijb bv Kb?
(Di c: 70 `:)|
ck (14-15/70) : bvRvZ jvfi ci eby BmvCj Kv_vq wMqwQj?
(Di c: 71 `:)|
ck (14-15/71) : eby BmvCjMY bvRvZ jvfi ci g~wZcR
~ vi Ave`vi
Kij Kb? (Di c: 71 `:)|
Contents
216
cwe KziAvb ewY

25-6Rb bexi Kvwnbx
ckZg vjv
216
ck (14-15/72) : g~mv (Avt) KLb wKfve ZvIivZ jvf Kib?

(Di c: 72-73 `:)|
ck (14-15/73) : mvgix wKfve Mv-erm Zix KiwQj?
(Di c: 76 `:)|
ck (14-15/74) : Mv-erm c~Rvi kvw wK nqwQj? (Di c: 77 `:)|
ck (14-15/75) : Zzi cvnvo Zzj aiv nq Kb? (Di c: 77 `:)|
ck (14-15/76) : mvgixi KwdqZ I Zvi kvw wK nqwQj?
(Di c: 78-80 `:)|
ck (14-15/77) : AvjvnK ^P `LZ PvIqvi cwiYwZ wK
nqwQj? (Di c: 80 `:)|
ck (14-15/78) : cwe f~wg ej cw_exi Kvb vbK eySvbv
nqQ? G GjvKvK eiKZgq ejvi KviY wK?
(Di c: 82-83 `:)|
ck (14-15/79) : `vvj Kvb Kvb vb hZ cvie bv?
(Di c: 83 `:)|
ck (14-15/80) : Avixnv kniwU Kv_vq AewZ? GB kni ZLb
Kvì ivRavbx wQj? (Di c: 84 `:)|
ck (14-15/81) : evqZzj gyKvvm Awfhvb g~mvi wb`k AMvn Ki
B`x bZviv wK ejwQj ? (Di c: 86 `:)|
ck (14-15/82) : wgmi _K eby BmvCji ivZi AKvi cjvqbi
KviY wK wQj Ges GZ wK wkYxq iqQ?
(Di c: 87 `:)|
ck(14-15/83) : evjAvg evEiv K wQjb? Zvi cwiYwZ wK
nqwQj? (Di c: 87-88 `:)|
ck (14-15/84) : Zxn& cvi Kv_vq AewZ? mLvb eby BmvCjK
40 eQi Kb e`x ivLv nqwQj? (Di c: 89 `:)|
ck (14-15/85) : eby BmvCji cwZ Avjvn wK wK bgZ `vb Kib?
(Di c: 90-91 `:)|
Contents
217
g vjv-7 (Avt)
20. nhiZckAvj-Bqvmv
217
ck (14-15/86) : gvbv I mvjIqv wK e? (Di c: 92 `:)|

ck (14-15/87) : wKfve Zxn& cvi eby BmvCji e`xZi Aemvb
NU? (Di c: 94-95 `:)|
ck (14-15/88) : eby BmvCjK cvkeZx Rbc` hvIqvi Kzg Kb
Ìqv nqwQj? (Di c: 94-95 `:)|
ck (14-15/89) : wnvn I wnb&Zvn A_ wK? G k `ywU wKmi cgvY
enb Ki? (Di c: 94 `:)|
ck (14-15/90) : eev`x I Av`kev`x gvbyli ga cv_K wK?
(Di c: 95 `:)|
ck (14-15/91) : wKfve ZvIivZ cwieZb Kiv nqwQj?
(Di c: 96 `:)|
ck (14-15/92) : eby BmvCji cwZ Mvfx Kyievbxi wb`k `vbi
KviY wK? (Di c: 98 `:)|
ck (14-15/93) : Mvfx Kyievbxi NUbvq wK wK wkYxq welq iqQ?
(Di c: 99-100 `:)|
ck (14-15/94) : eby BmvCji Dci wPivqx Mhei cKwZ wK?
(Di c: 100-101 `:)|
ck (14-15/95) : g~mv I wLwhii NUbvi cvcU wK?
(Di c: 102-103 `:)|
ck (14-15/96) : wLwhi-Gi Kgmg~ni Zvrch wK? (Di c: 105
`:)|
ck (14-15/97) : GB NUbv _K wkYxq welq wK ?
(Di c: 106-107 `:)|
ck (14-15/98) : wLwhi K wQjb? (Di c: 107-108 `:)|
ck (14-15/99) : g~mv I divDbi NUbvq wK wK wkYxq welq
iqQ? (Di c: 110-111 `:)|
Contents
218
ckZ
g vjv
cwe KziAvb ewY
25-8Rb bexi Kvwnbx
218
16. nhiZ BDbym (Avt)

ck (16/1) : BDbym (Avt)-Gi NUbv KziAvbi KqwU m~ivq KZwU
AvqvZ ewYZ nqQ? (Di c: 112 `:)|
ck (16/2) : BDbym (Avt-Gi cyiv bvg wK? ZvK KziAvb Kv_vq wK
wK bvg AwfwnZ Kiv nqQ? (Di c: 112 `:)|
ck (16/3) : BDbym (Avt) Kvb GjvKvi bex wQjb? (Di c: 112 `:)|
ck (16/4) : BDbym (Avt) Kb gvQi cU Mjb?
(Di c: 113-114 `:)|
ck (16/5) : wZwb KZ mgq gvQi cU wQjb? (Di c: 114 `:)|
ck (16/6) : wZwb wKfve gvQi cU nZ gyw cvb?
(Di c: 115 `:)|
ck (16/7) : `vAvq BDbym wK? Zv KziAvbi Kvb m~ivq KZ bs
AvqvZ iqQ? Gi dhxjZ wK? (Di c: 116-17 `:)|
ck (16/8) : gvQi cU _K ei nq c_g wZwb wK Lvb?
(Di c: 117 `:)|
ck (16/9) : Zuvi RxebxZ wK wK wkYxq welq iqQ?
(Di c: 118 `:)|
17. nhiZ `vE` (Avt)
ck (17/1) : `vE` (Avt)-Gi cwiPq wK? wZwb Kvb GjvKvi bex
wQjb? Zvi eqm KZ wQj? (Di c: 119 `:)|
ck (17/2) : `vE` (Avt) mK KqwU m~ivq KqwU AvqvZ ewYZ
nqQ? (Di c: 119 `:)|
ck (17/3) : wZwb klbex (Qvt)-Gi KZ eQi c~eKvi bex wQjb?
(Di c: 119 `:)|
ck (17/4) : g~mvi ci Kvb bexi bZZ wdwjxb wewRZ nq?
(Di c: 120 `:)|
ck (17/5) : AvgvjKvì mv_ hy mbvcwZ K wQjb Ges Zuvi
ga cavb `ywU hvMZv wK wQj? (Di c: 121 `:)|
Contents
219
20. nhiZckAvj-Bqvmv
g vjv-9 (Avt)
219
ck (17/6) : eby BmvCj Zvj~ZK bZv wnmve wKfve gvbZ eva

nj? (Di c: 121-122 `:)|
ck (17/7) : Zvj~Z cw_ga Zvi mbì wK cixv bb Ges ZvZ
KZRb DxY nqwQj? (Di c: 122-123 `:)|
ck (17/8) : hy `vE` wKfve Rvj~ZK civ Kib?
(Di c: 124 `:)|
ck (17/9) : Zvj~Zi Rxebx _K wkYxq welq wK?
(Di c: 124-125 `:)|
ck (17/10) : `vE` (Avt)-Gi KZwU cy mvb wQj? Zba K bex
nqwQjb? (Di c: 125 `:)|
ck (17/11) : `vE` (Avt)-Gi ewk wK wK wQj?
(Di c: 126-130 `:)|
ck (17/12) : Zuvi Rxebi iYxq NUbvejx wQj wK wK?
(Di c: 130 `:)|
ck (17/13) : `vEì KIgi jvKiv evbi I k~Kii cwiYwZ eiY
KiwQj Kb? (Di c: 133 `:)|
ck (17/14) : Zvì ga KqwU `j nqwQj? (Di c: 134 `:)|
ck (17/15) : mehyM nKcxì KiYxq wK? (Di c: 135 `:)|
ck (17/16) : Avjvn&i Mhe AvKwZ cwiewZZì eskaviv _vK wK?
(Di c: 135 `:)|
ck (17/17) : `vE` (Avt)-Gi RxebxZ wkYxq welq wK wK?
(Di c: 137 `:)|
18. nhiZ myjvqgvb (Avt)
ck (18/1) : myjvqgvb (Avt) KZ eQi eqm cqwQjb Ges Kvb
GjvKvi bex wQjb? wZwb KZ eQi ivRKvh cwiPvjbv
Kib? (Di c: 138 `:)|
ck (18/2) : myjvqgvb (Avt) mK KqwU m~ivq KqwU AvqvZ ewYZ
nqQ? (Di c: 138 `:)|
Contents
220
cwe KziAvb cewY

kg Zvjv25
-10Rb bexi Kvwnbx
220
ck (18/3) : evjKvj myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi cv wKic wQj? G welq

ewYZ NUbv `ywU wK? (Di c: 138-39 `:)|
ck (18/4) : myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi ewk mg~n wK wK wQj?
(Di c: 139 `:)|
ck (18/5) : Zuvi Rxebi DjLhvM NUbvejx KqwU?
(Di c: 145 `:)|
ck (18/6) : `` cvwLi cwiPq wK? myjvqgvb (Avt) wekl Ki
ZvK Kb LuvR Kijb? (Di c: 147-148 `:)|
ck (18/7) : `` cvwL welq Beby Avevm (ivt)-K wK ck Kiv nq
Ges wZwb RIqve wK ejb? (Di c: 148 `:)|
ck (18/8) : wejKxm Kvb ivRi ivYx wQjb? (Di c: 148 `:)|
ck (18/9) : ivYx wejKxmi Kvwnbx KziAvbi Kvb vb KqwU
AvqvZ ewYZ nqQ? (Di c: 152 `:)|
ck (18/10) : wejKxmi wmsnvmb DwVq Avbv I wUK ^Q cvmv`
wbgvYi Dk wK wQj? (Di c: 152 `:)|
ck (18/11) : myjvqgvbi mv_ wejKxmi weevn nqwQj wK?
(Di c: 153 `:)|
ck (18/12) : nviZ I gviZ dikZvqK Kvb kni I wK
Dk cvVvbv nqwQj? (Di c: 157 `:)|
ck (18/13) : evqZzj gyKvvm c_g Kvi gvag KLb I Kv_vq wbwgZ
nq? (Di c: 159 `:)|
ck (18/14) : myjvqgvb (Avt) KZK evqZzj gyKvvm wKfve
cybwbwgZ nq? (Di c: 159-160 `:)|
ck (18/15) : wZwb KLb wKfve gZz eiY Kib?
(Di c: 159-160 `:)|
ck (18/16) : Zuvi gZz KvwnbxZ wK wkv iqQ? (Di c: 160 `:)|
ck (18/17) : myjvqgvb (Avt)-Gi RxebxZ wK wK wkYxq welq
iqQ? (Di c: 164 `:)|
Contents
221
ckAvj-Bqvmv
g vjv-11 (Avt)
20. nhiZ
221
ck (18/18) : myjvqgvb (Avt) KZ eQi euP wQjb Ges KZ eQi

ivRZ KiwQjb? (Di c: 164 `:)|
ck (18/19) : klbex (Qvt)-Gi Avwefvei KZ eQi c~e wZwb
gZzeiY Kib? (Di c: 164 `:)|
19. nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt)
ck (19/1) : Bwjqvm (Avt) Kv_vq RbMnY Kib? wZwb Kvb
GjvKvi bex wQjb? (Di c: 165 `:)|
ck (19/2) : Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi AvMgb Kvj wdwjxbi agxq I
mvgvwRK Aev Kgb wQj? (Di c: 165 `:)|
ck (18/3) : myjvqgvbi Dim~ixì AcKgi KviY eby BmvCj
mvgvR Kq fvM wef nqwQj Ges mjv wK wK?
(Di c: 165 `:)|
ck (19/4) : Zuvi mgq BmvCj-Gi kvmbKZvi bvg wK wQj?
(Di c: 165 `:)|
ck (19/5) : Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi KIg Kvb g~wZi c~Rv KiZ?
(Di c: 165 `:)|
ck (19/6) : Bwjqvm (Avt) Zuvi KIgK wK welq `vIqvZ `b?
(Di c: 166 `:)|
ck (19/7) : Zuvi `vIqvZi djkwZ wK nqwQj? (Di c: 167 `:)|
ck (19/8) : Avjvn I evj èZvi bvg Kv_vq Kzievbx nqwQj?
Zvi djvdj wK wQj? (Di c: 167-168 `:)|
ck (19/9) : Bwjqvm (Avt) wK eZgvb RxweZ?
(Di c: 168-169 `:)|
ck (19/10) : evj èZvi cwiPq wK? evjv evv eZgvb Kv_vq
AewZ? (Di c: 169 `:)|
ck (19/11) : Bwjqvm (Avt)-Gi KvwnbxZ wK wkYxq welq iqQ?
(Di c: 170 `:)|
Contents
222
cwe KziAvb cewY

kg Zvjv25
-12Rb bexi Kvwnbx
222

ck (20/1) : Avj-Bqvmv (Avt)-Gi AvjvPbv KziAvbi KqwU m~ivq
KqwU AvqvZ GmQ? (Di c: 171 `:)|
ck (20/2) : Avj-Bqvmv (Avt)-Gi cwiPq wK? wZwb Kvb GjvKvi
bex wQjb? (Di c: 171 `:)|
21. nhiZ hyj-wKd&j (Avt)
ck (21/1) : hyj-wKd&j (Avt)-Gi AvjvPbv KziAvbi KqwU m~ivq
KZwU AvqvZ GmQ? (Di c: 172 `:)|
ck (21/2) : wZwb Kvb GjvKvq cwiZ nqwQjb? (Di c: 172 `:)|
ck (21/3) : hyj-wKd&j (Avt) Rxeb wK cixvi myLxb nb?
(Di c: 173-174 `:)|
ck (21/4) : hyj-wKdji Rxebx _K wkYxq welq wK wK?
(Di c: 174-175 `:)|
22-23. nhiZ hvKvwiqv I Bqvn&Bqv (Avt)
ck (22-23/1) : hvKvwiqv I BqvnBqv Kvb GjvKvi Awaevmx wQjb?
(Di c: 178 `:)|
ck (22-23/2) : BqvnBqv I Cmv (Avt)-Gi ga mK wK?
(Di c: 178 `:)|
ck (22-23/3) : hvKvwiqv I BqvnBqv (Avt) mK KziAvbi KqwU
m~ivi KqwU AvqvZ GmQ? (Di c: 178 `:)|
ck (22-23/4) : gvwiqvgi ZveavqK K wQjb Ges wZwb wKfve
gbvbxZ nb? (Di c: 178-179 `:)|
ck (22-23/5) : hvKvwiqv (Avt) KLb mvb jvf Dy nb?
(Di c: 179 `:)|
ck (22-23/6) : hvKvwiqv (Avt)-Gi `vAv Keyji wb`kb wK wQj?
(Di c: 180-81 `:)|
ck (22-23/7) : BqvnBqv (Avt)-Gi ewk wQj KqwU I wK wK?
(Di c: 181-82 `:)|
Contents
223
20. nhiZ
ckAvj-Bqvmv
g vjv-13 (Avt)
223
ck (22-23/8) : hvKvwiqv I BqvnBqv mK iZc~Y welqwj wK

wK? (Di c: 182-183 `:)|
24. nhiZ Cmv (Avt)
ck (24/1) : Cmv (Avt)-K wQjb? (Di c: 185 `:)|
ck (24/2) : Kvb mgqK ivm~j AvMgbi weiwZKvj ejv nq?
(Di c: 185 `:)|
ck (24/3) : Cmv (Avt) mK KziAvbi KqwU m~ivq KqwU AvqvZ
ewYZ nqQ? (Di c: 185 `:)|
ck (24/4) : Cmv (Avt)-Gi gv I bvbx K wQjb?
(Di c: 186 `:)|
ck (24/5) : gvwiqvgi gv wK gvbZ KiwQjb Ges wZwb wKfve
jvwjZ-cvwjZ nb? (Di c: 186-87 `:)|
ck (24/6) : gvwiqvgK jvjb-cvjbi Rb mKj cZvkx wQj Kb
Ges K ZvK cwZcvjb Kib? (Di c: 188 `:)|
ck (24/7) : Cmv (Avt)-Gi Rb I jvjb-cvjb wKfve nq? G welq
KziAvbx eYbv wK? (Di c: 188-90 `:)|
ck (24/8) : Cmvi `v Av`gi bvq -G AvqvZi evLv wK?
(Di c: 190 `:)|
ck (24/9) : 25 wWmî Cmv (Avt)-Gi Rbwèm cvjb wfwnxb
nIqvi wcQb `jxj wK? (Di c: 191 `:)|
ck (24/10) : gvwiqvgK LRyi MvQi Mvov ai bvov Ìqvi wb`k
`vbi wcQb wKmi BwZ iqQ? (Di c: 191 `:)|
ck (24/11) : gvwiqvgi mZxZ mK Avjvn&i mv wK?
(Di c: 194 `:)|
ck (24/12) : gvwiqvgi ewk mg~n wQj wK wK? (Di c: 194 `:)|
ck (24/13) : gvwiqvgi Rxebx _K wkYxq welq wK wK? (Di c:
194-196 `:)|
ck (24/14) : Cmv (Avt)-Gi ewk mg~n wQj wK wK?
(Di c: 196-197 `:)|
Contents
224
cwe KziAvb cewY

kg Zvjv25
-14Rb bexi Kvwnbx
224
ck (24/15) : Cmv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZ wK wQj? (Di c: 197-198 `:)|

ck (24/16) : cavbZt wK wK KviY Kvb Kvb e B`xì Dci
nvivg Kiv nq, hv c~e nvjvj wQj? (Di c: 198 `:)|
ck (24/17) : Cmv (Avt)-Gi ckKZ cuvPwU wb`kb wK wK wQj?
(Di c: 199 `:)|
ck (24/18) : Cmv (Avt)-Gi `vIqvZi djkwZ wK wQj?
(Di c: 200 `:)|
ck (24/19) : B`xì Awfk nIqvi KviYmg~n wQj KqwU I wK wK?
(Di c: 201 `:)|
ck (24/20) : Cmv (Avt)-K kiv nZv KiZ ciwQj wK?
(Di c: 202 `:)|
ck (24/21) : Cmv (Avt)-K c` Avjvni cuvPwU AxKvi wK wK?
(Di c: 202 `:)|
ck (24/22) : Avwg ZvgvK IdvZ wè-Gi A_ wK?
(Di c: 203 `:)|
ck (24/23) : Cmv (Avt)-Gi Abymvixì wKqvgZ Aewa weRqx Ki
ivLvi A_ wK Ges Zviv Kviv?
(Di c: 203-204 `:)|
ck (24/24) : nvIqvix Kviv Ges Zvì msLv KZ?
(Di c: 204 `:)|
ck (24/25) : nvIqvixì wbKU Anx Kiv ejZ wK eySvq?
(Di c: 206 `:)|
ck (24/26) : DavivnYi ci CmvqxMY Kq `j wef nq?
(Di c: 206 `:)|
ck (24/27) : wekvmxìK Avjvn mvnvh Kijb ejZ Kvì
eySvbv nqQ? (Di c: 206 `:)|
ck (24/28) : Cmv (Avt)-Gi RxebxZ wK wK wkYxq welq iqQ?
(Di c: 209-210 `:)|
kkkkkkk

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gynvv` Avmv`yjvn Avj-Mvwje

cwe KziAvb ewYZ 25 Rb bexi Kvwnbx

Arabic, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Published by:

Bangladesh. Ph & Fax : 88-0721-861365, 760525. Fixed Price: US

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