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AustinStanfield

Mr.Sallow
English11
19November2015
SchoolStartingTime
Peoplewhoargueforschoolstartingtimesarebiasandyoucantellbecausetheyuse
deductivelogic.Articlesusedeductivelogicbecausetheyjustassumethingsaboutdifferent
peopleorjustdoshortstudiesthatdontshowlongtermeffects.Theyassumethingsbyjumping
toconclusionsaboutpeople'sdailylivesandnotconsideringeveryone'sindividualscenario.Not
everybodygoesstraighthomeafterschool.Theydontconsiderpeoplewhomighthavejobsor
beinafterschoolactivities.Sinceyoustartlaterthatmeansyouwouldhavetoendlater.Doing
thiswouldalsomeanthateitheryouschedulethingsyouneedtodosuchasextracurricular
activities,youjob,homework,ormaybechoreslaterthanyouhavetonow.Thatmeansyou
mightnotgetdonewiththoseuntillatersoyouwouldbegoingtobedlater.

Notonlydoarticlesusedeductivelogicbuttheyalsousepathos.Articlesusepathosby
sayingthingsthatmakeyoufeelbadforkidssuchashavingtowakeupearlyandtheycant
functionproperly,kidswillbetiredallday,ornotbefocusedthroughouttheday.Itdoesnot
mentionthekidsandteacherswhoareperfectlyfinewithstartingearlyandcanfunction
properly.Itonlymentionspeoplewhohaveaproblemwithhowitcurrentlyisandwhoitwould
benefitthemost.

Articlesarguethesebysayingstudentsandteacherswhohavetowakeupearlywon'tbe
abletohavethefocustheyneedthroughouttheday.Iftheydonthavethefocustheyneedthen
thedailytaskstheydomightnotbedoneaseasy.Thisisalsodeductivelogic.LikeIsaid,the
waythingscurrentlyaresomepeoplecanfunctionperfectlyfine.Noteverybodyisstruggling.

Articlesthatargueforschoolstartinglaterusedeductivelogicinanotherwaybecausein
teststheyperformtheyonlydoshortstudiesandtheydontnecessarilyincludeeverythingthat
theyneed.Theydidntincludepeoplewhoplaysportsorotherafterschoolactivitiesbecauseif
youstartlaterthanyouwouldalsohavetoendschoollater.Thepeoplewhoareinextra
curricularactivitiesmightbeaffectedandinthearticleitdoesntincludelongtermoreverybody
intheargument.

Writersalsousepathosbysayingthatitsbeneficialbecauseyougetmoresleepandthat
youwillhavemoretimeinthemorning.Thisargumentmakesitsoundlikeyouarentgoingto
belosinganysleepyouwillactuallygetmore.Ifyouhavetogotoschoolacertainamountof
timelaterthenthatmeansyoufinishthatmuchlater.Sincethatpushesyourschedulebackit
mayalsopushyoursleepschedulebacksoyouwouldbegettingthesameamount.

Peoplewhoarguethatschoolshouldstartearlieroratthesametimeusedeductivelogic
andpathos.Theyusepathosbytellingthereaderthatwithwithstartinglatertherewouldmore
timefordailyactivitiesandtheycouldalsobemoreawakeandaware.Somearticlessaythat
studentsfallasleepinclassbecausetheydidntgetenoughsleepandthatitishurtingtheirbody

andhowitperformsbecausetheyaresotiredbecausetheyhavetostartschoolearly.Theydont
mentionallthestudentswhoarealrightwithhowthingsarenowanddonthaveanyproblem
withstayingfocusedandontrack.

Articlesusedeductivelogicbecausetheytellusthatstartingschoollaterwouldbumpup
theaveragegradesbecausestudentswouldbemorealertandfocusedandnotfallingasleep
duringclass.Thiswouldntalwaysbethecasebecausejustbecauseyoumakethestartingtime
lateritwontalwayschangetheamountoffocusforsomekids.Alsoanotherreasonforthemnot
beingabletofocuscurrentlymightbethattheyjustdontliketheclasssotheyjustdon'tcareas
muchsotheywilljustlosefocusandworryaboutotherthings.

Notallargumentsusetoarguethatschoolshouldstartlaterarerhetoricallycorrector
makesense.Peopleneedtomakesuretheyincludeallscenariosandmakesureeverythingthey
aresayingiscorrect,alsotheyneedtomakesurethateveryoneisincludedintheirargumentso
thateveryoneisaccountedfor.

WorksCited

Wahistrom,Kyla."Changingtimes:Findingsfromthefirstlongitudinalstudyoflaterhigh
schoolstart
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NASSPBulletin
86.633(2002):321.
Lufi,Dubi,OrnaTzischinsky,andStavHadar."Delayingschoolstartingtimebyonehour:some
effects
onattentionlevelsinadolescents."
Journalofclinicalsleepmedicine:JCSM:official
publicationoftheAmericanAcademyofSleepMedicine
7.2(2011):137.
Dexter,Donn,etal."Sleep,sleepinessandschoolstarttimes:apreliminarystudy."
WMJMADISON
102.1(2003):4444.
Carskadon,MaryA.,etal."Adolescentsleeppatterns,circadiantiming,andsleepinessata
transitionto
earlyschooldays."
SLEEPNEWYORK
21(1998):871881.

Wahlstrom,KylaL."Thepricklypoliticsofschoolstartingtimes."
PhiDeltaKappan
80
(1999):344347.
Epstein,R.,N.Chillag,andP.Lavie."Startingtimesofschool:Effectsondaytimefunctioning
fifthgrade
childreninIsrael."
Sleep:JournalofSleepResearch&SleepMedicine
(1998).

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