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    TRUTH OR LIES ...YOU DECIDE WHAT IS REAL AND WHAT IS FANTASY.

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    TRUTH OR LIES ...YOU DECIDE WHAT IS REAL AND WHAT IS FANTASY.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    175 views29 pages

    In Lies We Trust Documents

    Uploaded by

    Jolly Man
    TRUTH OR LIES ...YOU DECIDE WHAT IS REAL AND WHAT IS FANTASY.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 29
    | Sesonon” } SENATE { | | U.S. CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WARFARE-RELATED | _ DUAL USE EXPORTS TO IRAQ AND THEIR POSSIBLE IMPACT ON THE HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF THE PERSIAN GULF WAR OF CHAIRMAN DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR. and | RANKING MEMBER ALFONSE M, D'AMATO OF THE | COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING | AND URBAN AFFAIRS | | | A REPORT | | WITH RESPECT TO | EXPORT ADMINISTRATION | | | | UNITED STATES SENATE | w May 25, 1994 2, Beoherichia coli Latec an04e) Baceh # 07-29-83 [1 wack! Escherichia coli (ATCC andver Bates # 05-87 (1 eachh pate + Reptenner 20, i008 Sexe To | Mintucry ef Trada Materials Baciiiue anthesis (AoC 240) nates 6) 1 each Class EEE parhogen, Backilu aACheecis (ATCC 9281 hatch #3883 (each? Clams TEE pathogen Clostridium perfringens cetc J6rHI Batch # 10-23-68 (3 each) 4. Clossridium pertringens (NTco 8004 Batch # 09-20-84 43 wacky Bacillus anthracia UATcC WTe8T Bateh #6227962 19 eacht jase Tit pathogen Bescells abortus {ATCC 9024) Rateh m O8-21-66 3 eacht Clams TIE pathogen 7. Clowtriaium pertringess cree 101 Batch # 16-01-72 43 achs Bacillus antheacim (ATCC LIM4) Bakeh WOS-08"70 19 each 2. Clesteidiue bovebinus Type & Batch # 69-86 (3 Class TIT pathowen jane 23018) enh eh Batch @ paemd 12 a2. acditus cores (ATCC 12015) Baneh #na-a8 () each) nate 5 Sasuary 31. LAF ent To + Traq Atomic Energy Comission Wtateriais Ehippeds 2, FHPTIS, clone) oman hypoxanthine phosphoriboayltranataraee (HPRTI Chromesoneia}: XK qié.i iaTOC 370871 Flenbda500, clone: hums hypouanthing phosphor ibosyitranateras Pecubagene (HRT! Chromosonelal) § pianpih (ATES 87244) Date 5 danuary a7, LH0R a, Eacherichia cola iatce anaae) Batch @ 07-25-03 [1 euckl 3, Eacherichia cold (aTce sane) Batch @ 04-07 (1 auch) pate © Reptember 2m, Ue Sast To : Mimtaery ef Teada Materials Bacitiue anthrecia (ATCC 240) Babes W SeLe—02 13 eno Clase Tt pachogen facch wo ies C2 each) Class 111 pathogen 3, Glowrridium perfringens (Atos 163K) Batch @ 10-23-85 (2 each? Slostridium perfringens ENTOE wOEHI Batch # 02-20-84 (3 eacha Bacitlue antheacia (APEC w7eST Makes #0627202 (3 each) jaee ITE pathogen 6. Eretella abortus {ATCC 9014! Pr ee Claws TIT pathogen 7. Clowtridium peréringess cATOS 10108) Batch @ 04001973 (3 each) Gatch # 27-66 [3 each} Class TIT pathogen, 28. Bacillus cereus (ATCC 33018) Bakes @ fae) (2 eacht aa. Baciilue cares [ATCC 190199 Bauek # p}-me (3 each) bate 2 anuary 31, 1509 feat To) Fraq Atoaic Energy Commission Materia! ippedi a, PHPTI$, clones Homan hypoxanthine phospheriboayltransferame (MPRTI Chromowometa): K qd. (ATCC 370871 3. FlambdasO0, clone: human hypomanthine phoaphoribosyltransferam Peewbogene (HPRT! Chromosome ie]; § pie-pid UATSE 87212) Date © Jamwary 17, 1988 Unaren starts govt me es Memorandum ROUTE IN ENVELOPES _ wins it © low se He, Balin, some Sle ner iene tart = TYLER AN RACTAS srr TwESME eacthin = Geerl SE (é . ‘* esorundun 1/20/44 fren Mrs Yo J, Meungrguer te mani, i, ei fet emeroniene G17 oned we this morcing oc eneceed into te eeted at i: Ter Thetibbea! ar Hines ee USE Sey chatted! tribes 14 to Aven the reas proeptiy act isd open receipt of s@ditionsl information 3ou out be fue talerae _— J KHoal sith Fi eget Y Nour, For tntorasttos, pooner Po qoosiosere Quartie tater “7 y “= ee ens rails we lik - Pe iat wart "8 ie ge el ‘ “usw empanded COWNTELPAO—iscnet acer wiera—1 eueks ola nat (Ee eg. 2, particu, wa resi hes ang pees our fas para. Hoover's handerton eat Fas "4 gents 1 limep dose tabs on Ming. wham "e called a "tom cat meh obeeewn degenoaie penal uty tere Powe, BC. Scrap Ho i Yc Th Fe Press, 1987 oO Oo Memorandum ROUTE IN ENVELOPES bE ie ken btane eosin me REE ewe sayema 6 Ff. Base thet the Toret pot ef by Hn fee Nour, Pot intoratticn, ate ~~ pena PO priate quartis ueuer fine, Jp.) GED 4 pnt len} oly se, Donsnue Pusdaipe sere expanded COUNTELPRO fs rico weg to cach nla at ar “Eg. gc, a iy ed a trp ee fs pro. Hoos hance re het 2785 04 eT Mp Close aS Om Ring. WhO Ne CaBRC a "OT Caw coeHEVD Clear ane Bamval Up” ire Pow, BG. Sey art Pm Th Lect EHH Yk Te Fe Pes, 187 Project Paperclip Sudject: Civilian Personnel Spaces to Accormodate the PAPSACLIP and y ware PROJECT 63 Programe. 2. The Department of Defense has two classified projects, Geened Of uteost importance, that result in the employment, and exploitation of foreign selentiats by the Department: ‘The first, PAPERCLI?, provides a means’of obtain~ ing services of foreign specialists for specific asslgn- wenta witbin the technical services of the Deverteents of Arwy, avy, and Air Porce. ‘The primary function of thia program i the utilization of the individual, the denial aspect being a highly desirable, altnough second— ary feature. Such specialists sign a year's contract for & specifie assignnent prier to leaving their place of renidences. "" 2. PROSBC? 63 is prisarily a denial program with utilization as a desirable feature. ‘The ala of this program 19 to secure euploynent in the United States Of certain preeminent Gersan and austrian spectaliste, thus denying their services to potential eneates. Such ign @ aix-month Departeent of Defense con- guarantees thew an income until permanent enployaent 1s arranged with Depertuent of Defense Reeneles or industry within the United Stat. Fig. 6.5. Development of AIDS-like Viruses by Robert Gallo and Associates at the NCI and Litton Bionetics In 1971, Gallo and coworkers reported that asim= ian foamy virus (SFV)—a common contaminant of monkey kidney cells used to make vaccines—was the ‘only one” of 27 then known retroviruses, containing reverse transcriptase, that could not cause cancer in hur rmans.!° For this reason, little attempt to remove them from cancer virus cell cultures and viral vaccines was = a f O—-Oe8e Rhesus Monkey ‘sv40 (SFV and Other Likely 4 Viral Contaminants Gallo’s group at the NCI and Litton Bionetics also experimented with other sim- jan and human cancer viruses (e.¢, SV40),""" and developed recombinants (i.¢., mutants) of these with other viral nucleic acids includ- ing those that caused the prominent features of AIDS—WBC dysfunction, leukemias, lymphomas, sarcomas, progressive wasting, and ultimate death in cats, mice, chickens, ‘and humans." AU this in the likely / presence of other easily mutated retrovirus contaminants Finally, these and other NCI investigators injected such mutant viruses into human WBC and fetal tissue cultures to enable them to in- fect humans and even transmit these same diseases." Avian Myeloblastoss views — This work foreshadowed the obser- vation made ten years later by the CDC's chief AIDS researcher, Don Francis, who noted the “laundry list” of feline leuke- Al rmia-like diseases associated with AIDS Tike — RD 114 cat eukeminsrcoma RNA stable for humans. {70S RNA found in chicken immunodeficiency retovis Vin shel or envelope prseins,poduced in human WBC ulus, antionally star to IV's GP130s 4. Retrovial RNA fom simian foamy vis with el-gene quence that eay picks up other genes BIONBTICS RESEARCH LABORATORIES, INC. (NI-T1~2025) ‘Title: Investigations of Viral Carcinogenesis in Primates Contractor's Project Directora: Dr. John Landon Dr. David Valerio Dr, Robert Ting Project Officers (NCI): Dr. Roy Kinard Dr. Jack Gruber Dr. Robert Gallo onjectives: (1) Evaluation of long-term oncogenic effects of hunan and Ghinal viral inocula in primates of various species, especially nevborn fheaques; (2) maintenance of monkey breeding colonies and laboratories Recessary for inoculation, care and monitoring of monkeys; and (3) Qiccnemical studies of transfer RUA under conditions of neoplastic transfore- Tiicn and studies on the significance of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in human Jeukenic tissues vajor Findings; This contractor continues to produce over 300 excellent Egltra sonkeys per year, This is made possible by diligent attention to reproductive physiological states of fenale and male breeders. Senen eluation, artifieal insemination, vaginel cytology and ovulatory drugs are used of tried as needed. leulated and control infants are hand-fed and kept in modified germ-free [olators. They are removed from isolators at about 8 weeks of age and flaced in filtered air cages for months or years of observation. The holding Erea now containe approximately 1700 animals up to 5 years old. Approxinately USrare culled every year aa rate of about 25 per month. This is necessary snake room for young animale inoculated vith nev or improved virus prepar: ng the past year macaques vere inoculated at birth or in utero with the UssonePfizer aonkey manmary virus, Epstein-Barr virus, Herpesvirus saimiri, Gnd Marek's disease virus. EB virus vas given vith inounostimilation and SSsunosuppression (ALS, prednisone, iguran), Australia antigen vas given co newborn African green monkeys. ‘ihe breeding and holding colonies were surveyed for antibody to EBV. ALL Sseeders vere positive and their offspring contain maternal antibody for Several months. Colony-born offspring that have lost maternal antibody Ln are sero-negetive Mill be surveyed periodically for conversion to the positive state. tc BllA-dependent DNA polymerase similar to that associated vith RNA tuzor Sizuses wee detected in hunan leukenic ceils but not in normal cells stimlat 1p phytchenagglutinin. The enzyme vas isolated, purified and concentrated ctfold, making possible its further characterization and study in relation Dthe Idukenie process in wan. nificance to Blomedienl Research and to the Progran of the Institute: much ag tests for the biological. @ human viruses vil? be tested in the human species, it is imperative that another systes S seveloped for these determinations and, subsequently for the evaluation £ vaceines or other measures of control.” The close phylogenetic relation p of the lower primates to man justifies utilization of these animals for le purposes. Further study of altered transfer RNA and polymerase eraynes vould determine their significance in neoplastic change and provide S basis for selection of therapeutic agents troposed Course: Continuation with increased emphasis on monitoring and Lee cere of inoculated animals to determine if active infection occurs, iftecte of infection, and degree of ixmunosuppression when used. Further Tiusies of hugan neoplasms at a molecular level will continue. fe Conteact Initiated: February 12, 1962. aU Cen elt Mn Mn Eg EUG EP Cu mel eevee ui Be TT Biological Warfare Program. Approved 1-16-96 § 1520. Use of human subjects for testing of chemical or biological agents by Department of Defense; account ing to Congressional committees with respect to ex- periments and studies; notification of local civilian officials (a) Not later than thirty days after final approval within the Department of Defense of plans for any experiment or study to be conducted by the Department of Defense, whether directly or under contract, involving the use of human subjects for the testing of chemical or biological agents, the Secretary of Defense shall supply Representatives with a full accounting of such plans for such experiment or study, and such experiment or study may then be conducted only after the expiration of the thiny-day period begin ning on the date such accounting is received by such cot (b)(1) The Secretary of Defense may not conduct any test or experiment involving the use of any chemical or biological agent on civilian populations unless local civilian officials in the area in which the test or experiment is 10 be conducted are notified in advance of such test ar experiment, and such test or experiment may then be conducted only after the expiration of the thirty-day period beginning on the date of such notification (2) Paragraph (1) shall apply to tests and experiments conducted by Department of Defense personne! and tests and experiments conducted on behalf of the Department of Defense by contractors. (Pub.L. 95-79, Tithe VILL. § 808, July M0, 19 1 Stas. 334; Pub L. 97-375, Title H1, § 20Xa}f1), Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1822.) Tooabove text bas been reset verbatum from: United States Cade Annotated: Tite 0, War and National Defense, Chapter 32—Che nical and Biological Warixe Program. Title 4:1520 on the Use of aman sjects for Lstingof chemical or biological agents by Department of Defense, January. 1986, pp. SEO, This represen a revision from 1977 Act, House Report No. 98-194 asd House Conference Repo No, 95-446, sce 1917 U. $8, CodeCong. and Ades. News, p. $37 Chapter 4 Birth of Science The scientific era of Fort Detrick began in 1943, Gone were the aircraft from Detrick Field. In their stead came men new to uniforms, but skilled in their craft. Their purpose in March 1943 was twofold: in broad terms, they were to develop defensive mechanisms against biological attack; and they were to develop weapons, with which the United States could respond “in kind” if attacked by an enemy, which deployed biological weapons. “This was an enormous task,” wrote Lt. Col. Richard M. Clendenin in his booklet SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY at Fort Detrick, 1943-1968.“ . . . it was literally without precedent and had to be prosecuted with all possible haste. “The mounting threat of the German ‘buzz bombs’ that were raining on England from launching sites on the Continent during 1943 spurred the urgency of BW (biological warfare) defense because it was thought that these high- explosive rockets might easily be converted into efficient weapons for massive BW attacks.” From the moment of its birth in the highest levels of government, the fledgling biological warfare effort was kept to an inner circle of knowledgeable persons, George W. Merck was a key member of the panel advising President Franklin D. Roosevelt and was charged with putting such an effort together. Merck owned the pharmaceutical firm that still bears his name. Merck brought into uniform men and women with skills in several scientific disciplines. Among them was Dr. Ira L. Baldwin, professor of bacteriology at the University of Wisconsin. He became the first scientific director. The Army Chemical Warfare Service was given responsibility and oversight for the effort that Clendenin wrote was “cloaked in the deepest wartime secrecy, matched only by. . . the Manhattan Project for developing the Atomic Bomb. “Reasons for the stringent security were twofold,” 7 I§ MILITARY RESEARCH HAZARDOUS TO VETERANS’ HEALTH? LESSONS FROM WORLD WAR II, THE PERSIAN GULF, AND TODAY FRIDAY, MAY 6, 1934 US, SENATE COMMITTEE ON VETERANS’ AFFAIRS Washington, DC. ‘The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m. in room ‘SD-106, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. John D, Rockefeller IV (Chairman of the Committee) presiding. . Present: Senators Rockefeller, Mitchell, Daschle, and Jeffords Also present (sta); Jim Gottlieb, chief couna director; Diana ‘M. Zuckerman, professional staff member; Patricia Olson, gongressional science fellow; and John Meseman, minerity staff director/chief counsel. - Chairman ROCKEFELLER. This liearing will come to order. I welcome everybody. OPENING STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN ROCKEFELLER ‘A few months ago, Americans were shocked ta learn that cur ‘Government had intentionally exposed thousands of U.S. citizens to radiation without their knowledge and without their consent. Although many of us expressed horror at the apparently unethical behavior of our Government, we all were relieved to hear that such ex ents had been stopped long fe'd like to think that these kinds of abuses are a thing of the pa but, and to say, the legacy continues, During the Persian Gulf jar, hy f thousands of soldiers ven experimen : Jen edente that th nee iat those veterans are now exp sg. Ard Toe wel decades, and conti oday, the texting of chemical and biclogical agents at US. vailtary faclica haa ul soldiers and ‘cvilians at risk. Today's hearing will examine the results of an intensive 6-month investigation conducted by this Committee's staff, particularly staff members Diana Zuckerman and Patricia Olson. The inveatigniion far focusen on Persian Gulf War veterans, but extends from Worl th , while we're focusing on the i eon fora long, len, SET EO Ua PORT c ne Le a Sy Oey emt ee TABLE 1 Summary of Research Proerans Conducted Baylor University Mong Keng flu program 500) 2PeDle6E Flu - dnfluenes vaccine ” 1 8 Rhinovirus 363 vaccine 30 J=1h-89 Adenovirus vaccine 83 7022665 Adenovirus vaccine 89 AME Hong Keng tau ’ 786-65 J bysane fav study ao 7-26-69, aaenoviree 3 challenge ” 9-27-69 7 Tafluense Deed drav 4g Parainfluensa study 8 / Mycoplasss peaumonia vaccine study Padnevirus type 15 plague pool a5 Pareiafluensa, 7 “nee sapn \ Adenovirus vaccine study sag” Ne32 vaceine hall atudy 4 6-19-72 MERC Mi bec Mma Bo ise eee Ce [EMER ETD Maen 195 1978 1 arieen Few Reem Flor the Eeersuney of Siaie “Ene Se fDelenus Tg Director af Central f SUBJECT: Dlaek evtiien and ene U3. Tha Fiesivens has at : current Wavalaprmeriee 19 site trmpaats tes mined crm ahy th ny perenssies ny raciieat, jauiona om the U.S. black vt faflugnes on he yoaid Afrian. panarental te tue MSE Polirlent caviar slew aupApal ae, Ay on: The Secretary of ther Treasury, Ss pear oneal ieee Sia Fea eee ere cnr fa KEE chatontenty FY Ee are om Pon eee = Binwe 9, Hie Hehe F sa the renge of U.S, inistests ln black Africa, basic eccommendaten, arranged withaut ast ae . pelothiy. ares "| then wih i ip of. esto fit aes LA wD senersie c misrutt al he: iy of the wo forces: and Id esx? division smong black African fadig2t natfonal proupe sad their levers, © 0 <0 ° + 3.U.S. eed black urea untries specially | view af the setivity ef eensin | patitten! clcles and . influcatia! individusls oppasing the cbjectives sad methods ‘ef US. policy toward South Afties. 1h must be kept in ming that the failure of U.S. strotegysin South Africa would adversely aifett American sanding HS thes world, In addidion, this would me: diminvtion ae 5S, influence in Afi ata economic prespreis. 4. The FBI should mount csurvellfance oj pn thoac, especially atthe UN, wha eppase Us! toward Seuth Aftiea. The Infermation should taclade aca aks with the leaders of the blsok movement in ed States, thus making pestible st Testi partial f are n of the adverse effecis Of their acu ye ; The above national security policy was edvanced by Presiden! fimmny Caster's NSC: Advise ‘ignicw Biacrinai ios 978, at Kast fur years alice HIV like virusca had bea peeparod for feopulation comeol under the leadership of Braeresk's predecessor Henry Kissinger This ‘evidences » coordinated Black: genocidal effet during tha Nixon and Carter sdminatrations, yoTaiad 30d ‘wnpay PTOUTY ‘3G yoouss TeoTPaH wrerseAyanes sexy Jo “A “UFYTNS woMTS 7d pyusogy1ep SeTTOreT ‘wyUxOIFTeD Jo “AyuN tzapFouus “y -f 1d ‘apquag yoreasey wosuTyoHG-voareg “SdTTTHMd SBBtAG AC yan ‘soousyog YITeAE Teauomuoxyauy jo ‘Ata ‘ouced wETTTIA “2d oBeoTy *TeIFGSo “UTUPY +304 aPFSIsey ‘uos|MA SOFANeH “AC Sqosouupy Jo Aqtszaayug “NASTSBYOTH eB4099 “1G -pq pue yoavasay 103 vOTIEpUned IseAyInoS ‘PaTeX AnoUses °C syavg ‘wpodosyTe) Jo AiFSssayug ‘lomasetag PIEYTE “1d Aapsiaatun euetny ‘ouoreg 228d "Ad ION ‘S0BtITUD *V “H “AG fgoqesoge] Teopdorora TeaeN ‘AuspIeYD YAH “AW Axeqaiseg aaTaneaxg {Aajsey ISIE “AC wourpeyg-aoq, ‘AOTHARE 239UNR “TH uewapeyg ‘went {aH PezsTV “4d quowSag yusmupeauog pue TorquSD sprezeyora MPM a Ls eee Og Cer reece MCB ue Me rc oe Tai Ti FORMAT OF THE REPOST nis review ix divided into five typed of dtedies pia am Addendum, The ite Lorg-Lers Balding Studies Terminated Studies id hee conwl thee formed within the area of algiificance. These eaphisis on incculaticn af ng. These steadier extend fron special studies program wan formally initiated ts dee 1907, althnugh procedure: of init type had been eaployed vince Septesber 1368, “| tbe empha from grois tumor develooment to more taphia- dures (avelving inecelation and detection, & New tyDE Geveloped, The chpectives were te provide for taperinnetal Ranipulatios, clase gtervation and mealtoring of a limited numer of ininals. These studies proceed accarsing ta rere formal protocols volve greater varieties of inoculation procedures. poidible animal Tanke) such a4 Immunotaepression, ar surgical manipulation, Gelaped hyperiemitivity and sore extensive and diverse aust Section ¢ consists of current stugion nat of a apectal nature These are programs with apect fied Lise Visits far reviaw, evaluation and iuttequent Inplenenting of decitioni. May of these may be comidered preliminary investigations tinto previously undefined areas. Section O includes those animals being maintained for extended tine perings, The rationale (4 based ca kno lovg latent pertods in prinary anieal tumor system, [n moat of these, te inoguie were human Tevkentc OF tumor materials ineculated between 142 and 1965, Section E Viste all completed snufies The Addendum cont fi reports 9m feo eniincevlated groups 1. Spontaneous neoplasia is the prinate breeding colony; 2. Ineideree of neoplasia in animals experimentally Banipslated eligwhare and held at Bionetics . Under Sections A through E, the studies ane arrasged alphabetically by investigator, Veriom codei are uted to ayia the table containing the information more meaningful, Origin of material is a capital letter ey Via) and in auicchated the diseave type, which ts alia coded leer Lib). Information relative fo source--the type of material uit coded ty numeral Chey Tc}. The sumber inoculated afd the maber de Tae aT eA oS sy swale Sa ane a Eads DN BS a TE TE HB SDD REG MINA GW GARD RTECS TIEN una red p enti) QAO 1) Sas aoy Une Ba pans 5 Gaps Dao si soo SNe ue SOM cy sajduns valoy git HHT AF poreIMSOWN pur Us q jeUUY (pavoduny pyeway jeunou sdonyron -> sv suet {(paiodutt) woseH, >jeus yeuiou sdonian ~> rd (pars0duyy Marq, s9p001q a]eW9y JeUON DIOPEA Hy BRIDLE we - AKAN pup ZorLnun 7 - oWw (ponoduay) pue we - — poqiosqrun sinc. siapoasg 008A AWaW (w10q-

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