Extension Trigonometry

Check Up

1 tan tan 2
= 4cos 2 3
1+ tan tan 2

1.

Prove that

2.

If A, B and C are the measures of the angles of a triangle, prove that

cos Acos B sin Asin B + cosC = 0

3.

If tan A =

4.

Find tan x in terms of tan if tan =

p
, express psin 2 A + qcos 2 A in terms of p and q.
q

cos( + x)
.
cos( x)

5.

Given sin18 =

6.

Express tan 22 12 in simplest surd form.

7.

If tan = k tan , show that (k 1)sin( + ) = (k + 1)sin( ) .

1
4

5 1 , find cos36 in surd form.

Solutions
1.

Prove that

1 tan tan 2
= 4cos 2 3
1+ tan tan 2

Method 1:

Let t = tan , then tan 2 =

LHS =
=

2t
.
1 t 2

1 tan tan 2
1+ tan tan 2
1 t 1t2t2
1+ t 1t2t2

1 t 2 t 2t
=
1 t 2 + t 2t
1 3t 2
=
1+ t 2
2 1 t 2 1+ t 2
=
1+ t 2
1 t 2
1
= 2
2
1+ t
= 2cos 2 1

) (

= 2 2cos 2 1 1
= 4cos 2 3
= RHS
Method 2:
LHS =
=

1 tan tan 2
1+ tan tan 2
2 tan
1 tan 1tan
2

2 tan
1+ tan 1tan
2

1 tan 2 2 tan 2
1 tan 2 + 2 tan 2
1 3tan 2
=
1+ tan 2
1 3tan 2
=
sec 2
= cos 2 3sin 2
=

= cos 2 3 1 cos 2
= 4cos 2 3
= RHS

cos 2 tan 2 = sin 2

1.

Method 3:

1 tan tan 2
1+ tan tan 2
sin
sin 2
1 cos
cos 2
=
sin
sin 2
1+ cos
cos 2

LHS =

cos 2 cos sin 2 sin

cos 2 cos + sin 2 sin
cos ( 2 + ) cos3
=
=
cos ( 2 ) cos
=

4cos3 3cos
cos
2
= 4cos 3
= RHS
=

2.

If A, B and C are the measures of the angles of a triangle, prove that

cos Acos B sin Asin B + cosC = 0
sin ( A + B + C ) = sin ( A + B ) + C
= sin ( A + B ) cosC + cos ( A + B ) sinC
= sin (180 C ) cosC + cos ( A + B ) sinC
= sinC cosC + cos ( A + B ) sinC
= sinC cosC + cos ( A + B )

= sinC ( cosC + cos Acos B sin Asin B )

Now A + B + C = 180 sin( A + B + C) = 0

Also C 0 i.e. sinC 0
sinC ( cosC + cos Acos B sin Asin B ) = 0
cosC + cos Acos B sin Asin B = 0
cos Acos B sin Asin B + cosC = 0

3.

If tan A =

p
, express psin 2 A + qcos 2 A in terms of p and q.
q

Let t = tan A =

p
q

psin 2 A + qcos 2 A = p

2t
1 t 2
+
q

1+ t 2
1+ t 2

()
= p
+q
1+ ( )
1+ ( )
2

p
q

=
=

2 p2
q

1+

()
p
q

p
q

p
q

q
1+

p
q

p2
q

()
p
q

2 p 2q q3 p 2q
+
q2 + p2 q2 + p2

2
2
q3 + p 2q q q + p
= 2
=
=q
q + p2
q2 + p2

4.

Find tan x in terms of tan if tan =

cos( + x)
.
cos( x)

cos cos x sin sin x

cos cos x + sin sin x
cos cos x
sin sin x
cos x cos cos x
tan = cos
cos cos x
sin sin x
+ cos
cos cos x
cos x
tan =

1 tan x tan
1+ tan x tan
(1+ tan x tan ) tan = 1 tan x tan
tan =

tan + tan 2 tan x = 1 tan x tan

tan 2 tan x + tan x tan = 1 tan
tan x tan (1+ tan ) = 1 tan
tan x =

5.

1 tan
tan (1+ tan )

Given sin18 =

1
4

5 1 , find cos36 in surd form.

cos36 = 1 2sin 2 18

( )
= 1 2 (5 + 1 2 5 )
= 1 ( 6 2 5 )
= (8 6 + 2 5 )
= (1+ 5 )
= 1 2 14

5 1

1
16

1
8

1
8

1
4

6.

Express tan 22 12 in simplest surd form.

1 = tan 45
= tan ( 2 22 12 )
=

2 tan 22 12
1 tan 2 22 12

1 tan 2 22 12 = 2 tan 22 12
tan 2 22 12 + 2 tan 22 12 1 = 0
tan 22 12 =

2 4 + 4
2

= 1 2
= 1+ 2

tan 22 12 > 0

7.

If tan = k tan , show that (k 1)sin( + ) = (k + 1)sin( ) .

tan = k tan sin cos = k sin cos

LHS = (k 1)sin( + )

= (k 1) ( sin cos + sin cos )

= k ( sin cos + sin cos ) ( sin cos + sin cos )

= k sin cos + k sin cos ( k sin cos + sin cos )

= k sin cos + sin cos (k + 1)sin cos
= (k + 1)sin cos (k + 1)sin cos
= (k + 1)(sin cos sin cos )
= (k + 1)sin( )
= RHS