Computer Skills I

By
Fahad Layth Malallah.
Semester-1/2015-2016
Computer Science /Cihan University

Computer Skills
Syllabus
Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information
Technology
1. Types of computer
2. Computer Services
Chapter 2: Hardware
1. General Processing Unit
2. Input Devices
3. Output Devices
4. Main Memory & its types
5. Secondary Storage Devices
6. Unites used in computer (bit/ byte,
KB, MB, GB, TB, Hz)
7. Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS)
Chapter 3: Software
1. Operating Syste`m
2. Applicable program
3. Programming languages.
Chapter 4: Information Networks & Use Of
Computer
Chapter 5: File Types (text, image, audio, video)
Chapter 6: Task Manager

Chapter 7: Menus
1. Sizing, Moving, and Closing window
2. Scroll bars
Chapter 8:
1. Recycle bin
2. Switching among applications
(Window+Tab & ALT+Tab).
3. Install & Uninstall Applications
4. File Compression
5. Uncompress Files
Chapter 9: Computer Security
1. Computer User Password.
2. Computer Viruses, Anti-Virus Protection.

Computer System
-What is a Computer?.
A computer is a general-purpose electronic device that can be
programmed to carry out a set of arithmatic (+, -,*, /) or logical
(and , or , not, xor) operations automatically.
-What does
consists of?.

computer

1- Central Processing Unit (CPU):

for running Arithmetic & logical
operations.
2- Main Memory: to store
information for processing.
3- Peripheral Devices: to input
information to a computer or
output information outside the
computer.

Computer System
Computer basically does the following operations:
1. Input data to the computer.
2. Process the data like: addition(+) , subtraction(-),
multiplication(*), division(/).
3. Output useful information.

Data Flow Diagram of basic Computer

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
Computer system has many types:
1- Super-computer.
2- Mainframe Computers.
3- Microcomputer.
4- Personal Computer.
5- Laptop Computer.
6- Personal Digital Assistant (PDA).

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
1- Super-computer:
It is type of computer that are specified as the largest,
fastest and much expensive computer. It is used for
various tasks such as weather prediction, complicated
scientific application & researches. Example: Gray Titan
has speed 17,59 PFLOPS

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
2- Mainframe Computer:
It is central computer which considers as the fastest
mini-system. These computer are different in terms of
cost and capacity. It is used in large organization for
example: health insurance computer system.

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
3- Microcomputer or Personal computer:
PC is a type of the most popular computer system. It is
specified with the following characteristics: small size,
ability to process big data such as storing information,
retrieving information, there are three types of the
microcomputer:
1- PC or desktop.
2- Laptop.
3- PDA.

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
1- PC (desktop): computer for one person only. It
consists of CPU , Memory and I/O devices.

2- Laptop:
It has the same specifications of the PC
but it has smaller size than PC. Also, it
is called Notebooks and Ultra books.

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
3- PDA:
It is type of a computer that might be used as mobile. It
could be used for documentation and small processing
operations, it could be connected with PC.

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
Essential Benefits of Computer:
1- Speed. 2- Accuracy. 3- Effortless.
4- High capacity storage.
Computer works as a higher performance than human
being, however, computer has not ability to think as
smart as human being.

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
1- It is used in Education (Microsoft
Word, Power point).

2- It is used in governmental
services(employment, documentation,
registration, internet services).
3- It is used in aviation and navy
(airplane design, simulation training,
plane controlling, flight management).

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Information

Technology
1.Types of computer
2.Computer Services
4- It is used in Banking (employment and
agent, ATM).
5- It is used in Medical & Health Sector
(operational
surgery, exporting bills,
sampling analyzing, patient monitoring).
6- It is used for object tracking in
security issues.
7It is used in the electronic
commerce(purchasing from internet,
browsing stokes, money transaction,
etc.)

Chapter 2: Hardware
1. Motherboard & Processing Unit
2. Input Devices
3. Output Devices
4. Main Memory & its types
5. Secondary Storage Devices
6. Unites used in computer (bit/ byte, KB,
MB, GB, TB, Hz)
7. Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS)

Chapter 2:
Hardware Motherboard & Processing Unit

The most important part of a PC is

motherboard, it holds:

the

Processor chip (CPU)

Memory chips (RAM)
Chips that handle input/output (I/O).

Expansion slots for connecting peripherals.

Some
chips
are
soldered
onto
motherboard(permanent),
and
some
removable (so they can be upgraded).

the
are

Chapter 2:
Hardware Motherboard & Processing Unit

Chapter 2:
Hardware Motherboard & Processing Unit

Central processing unit (CPU)

CPU is considered as the brain of the computer, since it is
responsible on executing
logical and arithmetic
operations.

Intel processor from above

Intel processor from below

Chapter 2:
Hardware Motherboard & Processing Unit

Types of processors
No

Types

Speed

Pentium 1-2

100-500 MHz.

Pentium 3

750- 950 MHz.

Core-Two Due

Two CPUs, 2.5 GHz.

Core-I3 , I5, I7

Number of CPUs working in a parallel

operation.

Computer Case
Contains the major
components of the computer.
It helps protect them.

Front view of Computer Case

Back view of Computer Case

Chapter 2: HardwareInput Devices

Keyboard:
Used to enter information into the computer and also
for giving commands.

Chapter 2: HardwareInput Devices

Mouse
An input device it consist of :
click right used for drop list menu.
click left used for selection and
opening any content.
scroll used to drop

Chapter 2: HardwareInput Devices

Barcode Reader
An input device that converts a
pattern of printed bars into a
number that a computer can
read. They are often used by
businesses to quickly input price
and product information.

Chapter 2: HardwareInput Devices

Scanner
Scanner & camera are
using to enter document or
picture into computers.

Chapter 2: HardwareInput Devices

Microphone
It allows the user to record
sounds as input to their
computer.

Chapter 2: HardwareInput Devices

CD Rom Drive
The drive that reads data
from CDs called CD Drive.

Chapter 2: HardwareOutput Devices

Monitor
Monitor (screen): is used to
display the result information
of the computer.
Screen consists of Pixels.
-400x200
-1020x900
More pixels screen, better
resolution.

Chapter 2: HardwareOutput Devices

Speakers
Used to generate the sound
out from computer.

Chapter 2: HardwareOutput Devices

Printer
It is a peripheral device that used
to scan the hard copy and make it
as softcopy on computer. Or used
to print out the softcopy
document to get hard copy of the
document.
Printer Types:
1-Dot matrix
Seldom used in a classroom.
Still frequently used in business.
2-Bubble or ink jet.
3-Laser (fast).

Chapter 2: HardwareMain Memory & its types

There are two type of main memory:
1- Random Access Memory (RAM):
Memory holds data and information during
computer working only. When the computer turns
off, the information will be vanished (removed). It
is also named as Volatile Memory , or Temporary
Memory.
-Currently, acceptable RAM size, 2GB, 4GB.
-RAM Types: SRAM, DRAM, SDRAM, DDR-RAM,
DDR2-RAM, DDR4-RAM.
2- Read Only Memory (ROM):
It is programmed in the factory where the place
to be manufactured. CPU can read only from
ROM but without ability to write on it.
ROM conatins some instruction such for start
booting, giving he keyboard key definition. Also
ROM is responsible BIO compatible before
starting.
-ROM type: PROM, EPROM,

Chapter 2: HardwareMain Memory & its types

Compare between RAM and ROM?.

Read Only Memory (ROM)

Random Access Memory (RAM)

It comes already programmed

and
embedded
in
the
motherboard
which
is
responsible
for
computer
booting.

It will be programmed by the

CPU or computer by storing
temporary
data
during
computer running.

It could hold information Electricity must be on to be able

without electricity.
to hold data.
Type of Non-Volatile Memory.
Type of Volatile Memory.

Chapter 2: HardwareMain Memory & its types

Comparison among RAM, Cache, Registers.

Chapter 2: HardwareMain Memory & its types

Comparison among RAM, Cache, Registers.

Chapter 2: HardwareSecondary Storage

Compact disc (CD)

Compact Disk is a type of
optical storage device.

Chapter 2: HardwareSecondary Storage

Floppy Disk Drive(FDD)

A device that holds a
removable floppy disk
when in use; read/write
heads read and write data
to the diskette.

Chapter 2: HardwareSecondary Storage

Hard Disk drive (HDD)

it is a hardware device which
stores all the data such as
operating system.
It consist of magnetic material
and header for reading or writing
bits.
Currently, the capacity is in Giga
or Tera Byte (GB) (TB).

10-Input and Output Devices

Video Card
Connects the computer to
the monitor. It is a circuit
board attached to the
motherboard that contains
the memory and other
circuitry necessary to send
information to the monitor
for display on screen.

10-Input and Output Devices

Sound Card
Connects the speakers and
microphone
to
the
computer.

10-Input and Output Devices

Modem
The place where the
computer is connected
to the phone line.

10-Input and Output Devices

Network Card
A circuit board that
connects the computer to
the rest of the network
usually
using
special
cables or through wireless

Chapter 2: Hardware Unites used in computer

(bit/ byte, KB, MB, GB, TB, Hz)
Smallest capacity computer unit is measured by what called
bit. Bit either 0 or 1,
1= there is a volt.
0= there is no volt.

Also, the same thing for the Hertz (computer speed unit (Hz)), or Unit for
CPU.

Chapter 2: HardwareUninterrupted Power

Supply (UPS)

Chapter 2:

Computer Cables
Data-Sata Cables

Power Cables

Data-IDE Cables

Questions:

1- Define Computer System.

2- List main part of computer system.
3- Mention 6 services or functions of the computer.
(what is the importance of the computer.)
4- List type of computer system.
5- How many types of memory does computer have?, define
them.
6- Mention all types of ROM memory with theirs abbreviation.
7- List all input and output devices of the computer.
8- Where does operating system be stored in computer?.
9- Draw a diagram of the Personal computer system.
10- Explain the work procedure of the UPS.
11- How many type of cables does the computer have?.
12- What is the smallest computer storage unit name?. List
all the relevant names.
13- What is the CPU speed unit?.