Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for a bus during tests. Attime t= 0, the driver starts to brake. speed 20 m/s 15 10 test 2 graph 5~Ftest 1 graph: 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 time t/s Fig.1.1 (a) For test 1, (i) determine how long the bus takes to stop, )) state which part of the graph shows the greatest deceleration, i) use the graph to determine how far the bus travels in the first 2 seconds. distance = (4) (b) For test 2, a device was fitted to the bus. The device changed the deceleration. (i) State two ways in which the deceleration during test 2 is different from that during test 1. 1 2 (ii) Calculate the value of the deceleration in test 2. deceleration = (4)(©) Fig. 1.2 shows a sketch graph of the magnitude of the acceleration for the bus when it is travelling around a circular track at constant speed. magnitude of acceleration Fig.1.2 ()_ Use the graph to show that there is a force of constant magnitude acting on the bus Gi) State the direction of this force. 8)Fig. 2.1 shows a diver 50 m below the surface of the water. water surface Fig.2.4 (a) The density of water is 1000kg/m® and the acceleration of free fall is 10 m/s2. Calculate the pressure that the water exerts on the diver. pressure = (31 (b) The window in the diver’s helmet is 150mm wide and 70mm from top to bottom. Calculate the force that the water exerts on this window. i}Fig. 3.1 shows a simple see-saw. One child A sits near to end X and another child B sits near to end Y. The feet of the children do not touch the ground when the see-saw is balanced. pivot Fig.3.1 (a) Child A has a mass of 18.0kg and child B has a mass of 20.0kg. Without calculation, indicate where the children could sit so that the see-saw balances horizontally. You may draw on Fig. 3.1 if you wish. (2) (b) State the relationship between the moment caused by child A and that caused by child B. (1) (c) Child A is 2.50 m from the pivot. Calculate the distance of child B from the pivot. 2] distanceFig. 6.1 shows the diffraction of waves by a narrow gap. P is a wavefront that has passed through the gap. ml Fig.6.4 {a) On Fig.6.1, draw three more wavefronts to the right of the gap. 3] (b) The waves travel towards the gap at a speed of 3 x 10®m/s and have a frequency of 5 x 10'4Hz. Calculate the wavelength of these waves. wavelength = 3)Fig. 7.1 is drawn to full scale. The focal length of the lens is 5.0cm. Fig.7.1 (a) On Fig. 7.1, mark each principal focus of the lens with a dot and the letter F. 2) (b) On Fig. 7.1, draw two rays from the tip of the object © that appear to pass through the tip of the image. 2] (c)_ On Fig. 7.1, draw the image and label it with the letter I. i) (a) Explain why the base of the image lies on the axis. (e) State a practical use of a convex lens when used as shown in Fig. 7.1.Fig. 8.1 shows the outline of an a.c. generator. The peak output voltage of the generator is 6.0V and the output has a frequency of 10Hz. output iron core bearing rings connected ‘one to each handle to end of coil ‘turn coil Fig.8.1 {a) Fig. 82 shows the axes of a voltage-time graph for the generator output. voltage/V Fig.8.2 On Fig. 8.2, (i) mark suitable voltage values on the voltage axis, (ii) draw a graph of the generator output. 8](b)_ The generator shown in Fig. 8.1 works by electromagnetic induction. Explain how this effect produces the output voltage. [3] (c)_ State the energy changes that occur in the generator when itis producing output. 2]Fig. 1.1 shows a cycle track. A B E Cc v=6 m/s D Fig. 4.1 A cyclist starts at A and follows the path ABCDEB. The speed-time graph is shown in Fig. 1.2. Bc op cE B 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 time/s Fig. 1.2 (a) Use information from Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2 to describe the motion of the cyclist along AB, along BCDEB. (al(b) The velocity v of the cyclist at C is shown in Fig. 1.1. State one similarity and one difference between the velocity at C and the velocity at E. similarity difference .. (2) (©) Calculate (i). the distance along the cycle track from A to B, distance = (ii) the circumference of the circular part of the track, circumference = (alFig. 2.1 shows a rock that is falling from the top of a cliff into the river below. Fig.2.4 {a)_ The mass of the rock is 75kg. The acceleration of free fall is 10 mvs?. Calculate the weight of the tock. weight (b) The rock falls from rest through a distance of 15m before it hits the water. Calculate its kinetic energy just before hitting the water. Show your working. kinetic energy = 13] (c) The rock hits the water. Suggest what happens to the kinetic energy of the rock during the impact.A large spring is repeatedly stretched by an athlete to increase the strength of his arms. Fig. 3.1 isa table showing the force required to stretch the spring. extension of spring/m o.os¢ | 0192 | 0288 | 0384 force exerted to produce extension/N | 250 500 750 1000 Fig.3.1 (a) (i) State Hooke’s law. (i) Use the results in Fig. 3.1 to show that the spring obeys Hooke's law. (1) (b) Another athlete using a different spring exerts an average force of 400N to enable her to extend the spring by 0.210m. (i) Calculate the work done by this athlete in extending the spring once. work done (ii) Shes able to extend the spring by this amount and to release it 24 times in 60. Calculate the power used by this athlete while doing this exercise. power = [4](a) Two identical open boxes originally contain the same volume of water. One is kept at 15°C and the other at 85°C for the same length of time. Fig. 4.1 shows the final water levels. 15°C Fig. 4.1 With reference to the energies of the water molecules, explain why the levels are different. (3) (b) In an experiment to find the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water. it took 34 500J of energy to evaporate 15g of water that was originally at 100°C. A second experiment showed that 600J of energy was lost to the atmosphere from the apparatus during the time it took to evaporate 15 g of water. Calculate the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water that would be obtained from this experiment. specific latent heat = 13]Fig. 6.1 shows a ray PQ of blue light incident on the side of a rectangular giass block. glass Fig.6.4 (a) (i) By drawing on Fig. 6.1, continue the ray PQ through and beyond the block. (i) Mark the angle of incidence at CD with the letter i and the angle of refraction at CD with the letter r {3} (b) The speed of light in air is 3.0 x 10®mis and the speed of light in glass is 2.0 x 108 m/s. (i) Write down a formula that gives the refractive index of glass in terms of the speeds of light in air and glass. refractive index = (ii) Use this formula to calculate the refractive index of glass. refractive index = (2) (6) The frequency of the blue light in ray PQ is 6.0 x 10'4Hz. Calculate the wavelenath of this light in air. wavelength = 2)