Theoprastus wrote about the relation

between organisms and the

Global ecology focuses on the Earth as

a system

In 1800s, botanists began exploring

Appreciation and restoration of the
and mapping the worlds
ecosystem led to the development of
vegetation(Willdenow- climates
conservation and restoration ecology
supported vegetation similar in form;
respectively.
Humboldt- Humboldt Current, plant
In landscape ecology, processes that
Warming integrated
plant
linked communities
and ecosystems
morphology, physiology,
taxonomy, biogeography in a
coherent whole.
Physiological ecology is concerned with the
responses of an organism to its
Darwin compared similarities
environmental conditions while community
and dissimilarities among
ecology focuses on species interactions
organisms within and among
Population ecology and evolutionary
continents. Malthus advanced
ecology emerged in the 20th century
the principle that populations
grow in geometric fashion.
Mendel studied the transmission
Study of social life of birds and fish gave rise
of characteristics from one
to ethology
generation to another.
Focus on animal behavior began on 19th
century by Wheelen and Carpenter
Mendels work on inheritance and
Darwins work on natural selection
provided foundation for population
genetics
Clements sought some system of
organizing nature,; proposed that
plant community behaves as
complex organism or superorganism
Tansley combined organisms and their
physical environment into a system,
called it ecosystem
Used of European biologists of the
words producers and consumers

Ecology became a science of communities

with Mobius and Shelford. Mobius
proposed the word biocenose
Animal ecology began with Hesse and
Elton
Use of computers to
analyze data stimulated
systems ecology
Trophic- dynamic aspects
marked beginning of
ecosystem ecology
Lindeman traced energyavailable relationships within a
lake community