Lesson 1 Toxic Reactions

In this lesson we learned about toxins and their facts as well as how to read
chemical equations and understand what is occurring in the reaction. Toxins are
substances that interact with living organisms and cause harm. Toxins are
molecular, ionic or metallic substances that often interact with water in the body.
They can enter the body in several ways and can therefore affect the body in
several ways, whether irritation tissue to an actual fatality. A chemical equation can
show this reaction within the body. Chemical reactions can help you shape an idea
of what to expect when two or more substances react with one another. The
reactants are the substances that react to form the final substances, which are
called products. Here are some example questions to help explain. (:
Write an interpretation of the following chemical equation:
NaOCl(aq) + NH3 (aq) > NaOH(aq) + NH2 Cl(g)
* Aqueous sodium hydroxide reacts with aqueous ammonia to produce aqueous
sodium hydroxide and chloramine gas.
Describe at least three types of effects that a toxic substance can have on the
body.
* Toxins can irritate tissue, upset the acidity of the blood, or clog the bodys filtering
systems.
Lesson 2 Making Predictions
This lesson taught us how to use the information given in a chemical equation to
make predictions about the changes that will occur. Chemical equations track
changes in matter on an atomic level and can tell us what compounds or
substances are changing in the reaction and the phase changes that occur.
However, some information cannot be provided in a chemical equation and
therefore observations can help. This information can include color changes,
temperature changes and the speed of the reaction. However, chemical reactions
can tell us much more specific details of the reaction than visual observations can
provide. Here are some practice problems to help elaborate. (:
Describe what you think you would observe for this chemical equation:
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) > H2(g) + MgCl2(aq)
* I would probably observe solid magnesium and a liquid combine to form a liquid
and some sort of bubble or gas.
Write a chemical equation for the reaction description: solid sodium chloride
dissolves in water.
* NaCl(s) + H2O > NaCl(aq) + H2O
Lesson 3 Spare Change
In this lesson we learned about physical and chemical changes. A physical change is
a change in matter in which a substance changes form but not identity. On the other
hand, a chemical change is a change in matter that results in the formation of a
new substances or substances with new properties. Although these two changes are
well-defined, dissolving a substance can be argued as a physical or chemical

change. This is because by dissolving a substance in water sometimes changes the

properties of the substance. However, it is classified as a physical change.
Therefore, physical changes usually refer to phase changes while chemical changes
refer to changes in composition, amount of compounds, and sometimes phases.
Here are some practice problems to help. (:
Classify the following chemical equation as chemical or physical: NaCl(s) >
NaCl(l)
*Physical change
Give three examples of physical changes.
*the sublimation of a sold, a liquid evaporating, a substance dissolving
Lesson 4 Some Things Never Change
This lesson focused on the idea of the conservation of mass and keeping track of
mass in a chemical equation. Atoms cannot be created nor destroyed and therefore
matter cannot either. Mass is conserved in chemical reactions and therefore the
total mass of the reactants equals that of the products. This also means that
individual atoms are conserved as well in chemical reactions and physical changes,
meaning that the amount of atoms of each element does not change from the start
to the finish. On Earth, there is basically an unchanging amount of atoms because
they cannot be created or destroyed. Therefore, the mass on either side of a
chemical equation is equal unless a product is a gas that was not trapped because
the gas escapes and in result, the mass decreases. Although, gasses do have mass
so dont forget about them. (: Here are some practice problems to help!
Was matter gained or lost in the following equation: SO3(g) + H2 O(l)
> H2SO4(aq)
*Matter was neither gained or lost because there is an equal amount of atoms on
each side.
What quantities will change when an ice cube melts?
*The volume will change while the mass and number of atoms will stay the same.
Lesson 5 Atom Inventory
In this lesson we learned how to balance chemical equations. Because matter
cannot be created nor destroyed, you can balance an equation by creating equal
amounts of atoms on each side of the equation. However, when balancing an
equation you can only change the coefficients. The highlighted number is the
coefficients: 2Fe. The coefficients indicate how many units of an element or
compound that you have. One tip to help when balancing chemical equations is to
start with atoms that show up once on each side of the equation. Here are some
practice problems to help explain further.
Balance the following equations:
1) K(s) + I2(s) > KI(s)
*2K(s) + I2(s) > 2KI(s)

2) Al(s) + O2(g) > Al2O3(s)

*4Al(s) + 3O2(g) > 2Al2O3(s)
Lesson 6- Whats Your Reaction
This lesson focused on classifying reactions as combination, decomposition and
different exchange reactions. A combination reaction is when several reactants
combine and form a single product. On the other hand, decomposition occurs when
a compound breaks down as a result of the chemical change. Then there are two
types of exchanges. A single exchange is when a compound breaks apart and one
part combines with the other reactant, being either an atom or group of atoms.
Usually one of the reactants is an element. The other two of exchange occurs when
both reactants break apart and their parts recombine into two new products. This
type of reaction is called a double exchange. Below are examples of each of the
reactions in simplistic form and also some practice problems to help explain. (:
Combination:

A + B > AB

Decomposition:

AB > A + B

Single Exchange:

A + BC > AC + B

Double Exchange: AB +CD > AD +CB

Classify the reaction and then balance the equation: NaOH(aq) + HNO 3(aq) >
NaNO3(aq) + _______(l)
* Double Exchange Reaction, NaOH(aq) + HNO 3(aq) > NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l)
How are combination reactions and decomposition reactions related?
* They are opposites of each either because one has a single product and two
reactants while the other has one reactant and two products.