THEOLOGY LIBRARY—VOLUME IL GOD AND HIS CREATION St Many’s Colleg2 Library Winona, Minnesota “ By a group of theologians under the editorship of A.M. Henry, OP. ‘Translated by Charles Miltner, C.S.C. | Fides Publishers Association 4% \ Chicago, Ilinois aiaVOLUME ONE: CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER It GHAPTER tir CHAPTER IV ChaPTER V CHAPTER VI CHAPTER Vit GHAPTER Vil CHAPTER IX GHAPTER X VOLUME TWO: 200K ONE CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER It CHAPTER IIT pooK TWO CHAPTER IV Charter V ‘CHAPTER VE CHAPTER Vit CHAPTER IIE BOOK THREE CHAPTER 1X PLAN OF THE THEOLOGY LIBRARY Introduction to Theology “The Sources ofthe Chistian Fath Introduction to Holy Serptre ‘Theology: The Seince of Faith Ged and His Creation Gop EXISTS “The Revelation of God God Ess (Goa is Ether, Som and Holy Spit GOD CREATES Creation Evin the Worid ‘The Anges ‘The Oclave of Creation Man GOD GOVERNS “The Mystery of Divine Government ‘The Anger fa Divine Government ‘Man: Cooperator with God “The Two Beonomies of Divine Govera- ‘mentVOLUMES THREE, AND FOUR: ‘Moral ‘Theology CHAPTER T Beatitude GHapreR Homan Acts CHAPTER IIT The Passions GHAPrER IV The Viewes GHarreR Vo Sin CHAPTER Vi The Law GHAPTER VI Grace CHAPTER vin Faith CHAPTER IX Hope. CHAPTER X Charity CHAPTER Xt Prudence CHAPTER Xt Susie GHAPTER XII Religjon CHAPTER XIV The Social Virtos Giarrer xv Fortitode CHAPTER XVI Temperance GHAPrER XviX_ The Charon HAPTER XVII The Thee Ways CHAPTER XIX The Spiritual Stats VOLUMES FIVE ‘AND SIX: ‘The Economy of Salvation CHAPTER 1 “The Irearation HAPTER 1 The Redemption CHAPTER IIE The Blesied Vitsin HAPTER Iv The Church CHAPTER V_ The Sucraments HAPTER Vi. Baptism and Confirmation GHAPTER VIL. The Bucharist CHAPTER VIL ‘The Sacrament of Penance CHAPTER IX ‘The Sacrament of the Sick Glarren x. Holy Orders CHAPTER Xt Mariage CHAPTER XI Marte of Chit: His Final Coming ' | VOLUME TWO God and His Creation CONTENTS: Pose ‘i JINTRO- DUCTION Jsoox one —|God EXISTS 1|CHAPTER 1 |The Revelation of God yc. Larcher, OF 21 | CHAPTER IL us 181 199 a1 251 288 214 3 314 384 oo Si pase, 0. ‘cuarren it |God ie Fates, Son and Hy Spit by J. Issac, O. a ls0ox wo cop cREATEs CHAPTER IV “Creation SAD. sertangs, OF. Evi in be Word Ey Pe. Prem |CHAPTER V JCHAPTER VI_ |The Angels by P. Benoit 'Azy, OSB. CHAPTER VIly|The Octave of Cx "Phe account of SyML- Dunes, OF. The Theology of the Cosmos ty’. Dubare, IcHarTER vili|Man ‘Sketch ofa Theology of Man ‘by B, Hansoul, OF. Original Justice by Damas, OF.\GoD GOVERNS the Mystery af Divine Government by A. Vir, O. and MB. Pilipe, OP. aPTER x |The Angele in Divine Government 421 [CHAPTER X | Benoit dAzy, OSB. aai [CHAPTER Xt |Man: Cooperator with God Pare ROOK THREE 373 |CHAPTER 1X Fe Tye tong of Di Goer Sn nC rt pert or Note; Relections and Perspectives, except for Chapter Hl, are by ROM. Henry OP. INTRODUCTION Teco ent tegen noe eames Saas ict «Sle tek pent torte et Drie siey ieee ey dpe eh Sete Simtel ocean a dat Seas ee ra le SS EPS SS EN cate seit cn iter tue i aes Patra Garant! Gaiters Ss an ra srdes Gfekd Sure cote TEP leering Hee ct Cot Wi ae an rt hy Sh ea Seirus Sa Ga ce Semaine pet toa et tao we Sap Nar rath Miler beeing ae Earnie wfaureceae’s I sma ete aon id ga oe ak GaSe as Sas Sa ot SEE ae haa eel SRT Ae eal Rt Lae pe ee Soa retell ME tie oS cee Sommers Gels eute oe wei saaae ee cen ances AES ed a aaah ted ae geen RTS ae sees ere Evo of Sa Tots Slat clay NEL eal ree ieee ees re SON kde ae "Chapter XI THE TWO ECONOMIES OF DIVINE GOVERNMENT: SATAN AND CHRIST by L Bouyer ofthe Ora 1. SAINT PAUL “The roe ofthe powers of evil Sin end death, 2h al Sd te word Maing te Patni dali ‘Angers theta ‘Tee two economis ML THE SyNoPTics ‘The New Adam Aron Satan ML, THE FOURTH GosPEL 1, Ligh and dares a Hono 1V. THE THEMES OF DEATH, SIN, CAPTIVITY IN PA- TRISTIC TRADITION 1. Victory over death according to St. enacus +2. Corruption according to St, MAtbaasier 3 Soran olay 4 Diabla capity 5. The tpt apts the demon BIBLIOGRAPHY. Y(Chapter XI ‘THE TWO ECONOMIES OF DIVINE GOVERNMENT: QATAN AND CHRIST In the preceding chapter we have considered the essential tate of divine tovermment. We can now go further, Ged has it ent rat su Hs pl of gvanent Hea fetid fo us His exonomy of salvation, ths mystery of which S. one Pfft peat oagost Ms pines, We can then ae to Serle as HO the coperte pln of His government “nat do we know exactly? Tree Tens On te one hang, God hes contd Cs _ntc go dings, Ou on te 0) Cg ie cas le aE power On 5:27). He the vote RPS Bane ie King (EE 12) to whom the Pater bas oan MEMES. He Hino te Son of Min cls ty Btn, o whom we each me toes an ong al serve a (Dan Wye eign, 20 neta aac Rn snd bestowed wp him the nae rescore names otha tte name of Seat evry Hast sha seo rae heaven on ca and under tbe ey shen bend ge old profess hatte Lod es Christ ‘Bg of God ie Father? (Pil 2: 5 de Fa Pa Chi oe ot ees 2 see rt oa a maa dome Koga Eee a ae Ae pe oe at at Fen of Se apc nck te ra ee Slat ife tod - fer Mase) He de Out Suc of fe snd death (Sequence ofthe Ea Sct moe by he mouth of Toh the Apocalypse: 1 akg ERS! orceome and Tbave sat with my Father on” hs throm tape a a th we sR com ped te won, emperor te aoe ne dre Spin dt Ligand eh we xpd re ig at and a ae cometh i of ead tom by ae, 5 id ln. pd ‘we Two aconous oF pve covmanacrT 467 before Christ? And what is the meaning of th Girt ose efect seem ous so lide ville? To undersiand Seht oa wisest el ou of i dev, be ale oe Un answer to this double queston. Such is the objet of the preseat i = eee i ee a Mees a ot On a greats te ee pre eae Sevts raln oh ierebe & perc Sees eee ie ae ee A Sa Bret orangelate already hd of Christ and of Hs work: the frame ee eh eae ee SE caer ares | | i 1 Sortie be ack wih We dicovery: fox Bn Ba oe ul eS eeY ned eri oo min ary © a se ict cir oa yea, fr Doe SSS meyer wy an rh eal y ig a bes k Podk dere is-question of a slate in which the word ace By oom fault and in Which, ice cannot withaw elt Teel sinks a Tile deeper each day to ‘he ns tse f thi connection the expressions ‘6:6, 17, 19, 20), Sourela (Rom. S152 Bi; 51), Sovntcen (Rom, 6:6; Gal. 4:8, 9, 25) or Bovkody, which mech Stronger (Gal 4:3). Likewise for Ger (Rom. 8:7) aod FxCon ‘Gon 5.10). We dicover ty@pbs in oe Gist chapter t te Crm lots pce REA es ey; ee PSE (ney) (pa i anne enc 4 pec pan Ad ae, Be ca Teun tot Gaon, Fanny Sant MEME DR ene Day, | EXELL Warmest omen! eatpetoe a468 00 AND His CREATION thians Cor, 15:20). To-enmity we must Hken ange’) which, 09 eguenet of tess of Ts piste fo the Romans, We numah-and the world (Rom. 1:18:25, 8.55; a ne ce oe capt, tte oe of SPs ie, en. tuate Wir impression, The epic to the Piipians goes 5 far 35 Not only Oe ‘ssumed the condition ots slave (woppay BoGhou, these two fate epses speak tho OL anger Word (Col 36 and Eph 36), but the eps tot 4 orto far at fo say Ot we wore by nature children of wrath pa 2). what is this slavery which weighs om the ‘What this comity of which they ar the target, and of which they aac Het the some tine acomplee, tothe point at the divine anger So" th dxcend te ae 1 seems tht Se. Pal ney ir who has abjeced ts Ent enemies, of ferent agents of oppression. But, Siterent formals, temas Wsbe that thee i Pet cae, that ie pes Sa i re te alle powers. Confronted with the Toya mn of God, Ihe epute to the Colomions ses up /myterious tZovsla tod ‘oxéteuc (Col, 1513), though the epate tothe Ephesians reser ing the plural, speaks of xooporpéoptc 405 oxetoug touroy ig of Te dad mat sa ae em urge Tit nt (SSP SE Shere arses ar oe cra a cael iepan rae a 2 ee ee ete ae eae ava : ere 2, SIN AND DEATH Ree Sls ft tte as sitet acne Want erage 2 te atenion w expuning who thi ‘Oc tierhe spake of eer mI ross. these 12 r¥0 conOMIE GF pts Gove 46) utp (Rom §:12 a 7:1) More precy etc Sieg ath te Soca dah Chom STG. Tae Bone eae aes a toe 2 = SSIs Se ara ams) jl eta RE mm 7°14). Sin, moreover, like deat, bas a complete 27) Teal, ESS GS Aanameareie sore ear Rais 5 ee ‘overcome (I Cor, 15:26). Leak ded 3. THE FLESH AND THE WORLD Behind this pie of enemies another pair aries. Is tats ae lest fom poem hn al Se ps ame of Se a re RC ase is in every case i te aie cpoun wee Se ESREMEY St Pl tee Th cary wl Se at esa ia & moment, for a Christian thinker a bit later.’ Let us observe immediate att yer ic tet fe oe he et uh Sa she a estan Wee hae a be got of natn Sie neaphysed ditlomn, wach preeal 1 iemre Sc Pea, sso ‘Bh ad ony ake travesty of is thought rl ad i a Cariong).. a bos) were | glory (I fee 16: Boch are Sl Ca a te pula he aps Rom: Sl Gon Seah Gor 1033 and Pa SS , : ani Pa Sn) ees play past tae aaa Somatic tpectenieis ear cetane fezanp ts ‘How shall we then define at ey hasan cba bl Invineble compte ha a te i 800 Seasg tS as BB ciara 40 ‘000 AND Ms EREATION sey guage gts ng i achat te ne a fe eee Scie Chae teeta iar rhe care si Glee sjea aah eo 2 Goeth 2 nae catalyse ee ee ie cren of (eer 6 a Ba). Moreover fe SSR). Thee ae the expremtons witch pos fa Caton, tut (capectaly fhe Ten, ade parle! Wi dno it coms, be pred to douse] when iti taken in the sane unfavorable senge in ash i crdinarlytaker—that which, once more, SU Paul notably lest equent—cesinates the sas of fact iw Sosa eet ay al Wher fiat Wher se Ui he ie was: conidcred-a. in -ourcles by eu the “wos desigiats the sate around ws. Ii especially iGo ni chopero Be Conmtnany Oat Urs me fe cope he Conan at marine fqn, elves the impression of = anzaion of ol ul Supstosed nd move of es ended wit the zation thas wie the word 6 pears. Hs 8 SES GANTSP ST Pant pte ofthe widom ofthe word (lyin fhe ee of Goa (I Cor 89; ct, 1:0), fhe adgment whe he ‘ford must undergo (i Gor, 6:3; ef Rom, 3:0), and tat one i nein pn pit lig wr cnet T1:32) eee is necessary 19 compare the word xéopos with the wordt] pariclely the expresion claw cbvos as opposed 10 iowqekon (et. hewise the slow fede of Gal. 14). The {eam i aways ten by St, Paulin the sense ofthe economy of the present wort and slays ina bod sense (Gol. 1:4 dot thei “his reenter, toy"). We ‘onion, cures to (Rom PEST! indom b vals Cae Tacos ch ef 120); Cost Inns Been pres brorde esc ut from i (Gal. 1:4), whale up to than tee walled oops Se Poul, uniing. the, two Terms a" an ‘THE TWO ECONOMIES OF DIVINE GOVERNMENT ATL penal formula, word vy eve eo xb reese (Eph ete) 4. THE POWERS What then really are these unknown enigmes which cid etree which vel eB te ert The ltrs of fhe agi rom te ra dearer pti of hs a ans peas of rooporpttpeg wo oxoroue (We bate already’ cled ths singular expression); The same let expat ig) ie ot with Gtk and ood (a bea , Bat wi prisipal HET pycak s eo of Chit ara regular a Samp whieh Sexpeded Bem (Cot 2 “Om te ctr handy tft ener ely toms to Meniy them wih tose nel mysterious bongs whch Weal oro sed ‘doves (Ga 8 god 0) ad In ep ohh ete eed With Christ. The epiatfo the Glatans had aeady spoken it Soi “ezment cat we wee-esetsd Sa ee ee 90 ‘Eason, years, yet the slave to those eho by nature are not Sdered as such (Cal. 4:8-10), Either that means nothing, ori 6. 5 fies Gull of astral powes (powers which reign over the courts ‘ot tine Tia Bengal Cac tte lenny sme ek jm surprising. But the mater is carded by two Foonclatons BL nessiary ak ti fw ii taken fuborof te a of ad ie oease fut fae ne whens ti ty fp my, Ip wesine wand and Comet mente 61:38, 53; Heb, 2:2), and according to which a St inlennedirir topic to Moser the Tol ‘Slat. St. Poul accept Ke explietly in te epiat to the Galatians (at 3:19) Blane he law was “delivered (Barayle) by te angi than ms kc om the olsonptine Heb 2:3),2 the peel om te coy, as sbi othe ete ‘on we hal, cams, the whole chain. Sk Paul ree ~j © ( sesnts to himsct the stos! word as mysteriously dependent pon 4 eel from the Beginning” down To the point tha-untl the th eee ps ta Sng inn Ba ace Some ‘Now ecrain expesnions completly singular i the carly eises are aed ay aren of whom hs id ik {he ft ehaptar te Corian tthe would not have ere fc the Lord of eory if they had taken accoyt ofthe fly of th tet for them eataophie (0 Cor. 26-8); “spi af hs word ‘hich spliced in eppeiion tthe spirit Of Gad and whieh should Sot gern tan He ma (Cor 2°12); aly and ecialy, tis most extraordinary expression of the second epic “iin Cons: “The god off wd sav ceo9) hs ined the thoughts of unbelievers” (Il Cor, 4:4), Tn the con {urmihed bythe etc tothe Galatians, othe Coosins, a othe Ephesians, the strange expression, “ihe god ofthis word fl realm, A the same tne, cannot he sao a no Pray we rennin 9 Be ste Gun int ag Sn) my Yom fn, Het Tig nrop tenemos Fone Ta en, Siete bree aes pores ‘The presence of hi dual onde cherie eho tought of 8 Paul not serounly pute. Tt rely supe tat 80 faovern sos coud hive pated by wheat en seeming eet Tit te framework, however, in wich ed iy stengihen ls complealy. 5. MEANING OF PAULINIAN DUALISM ‘One first remark i neces pin of captivity which we Pravering eee do mol wish to go into the subject, namely to what extent St." te aii Hectic in whic ns gt and o wih be ws oppor “The act that e ces without cle ixazems.wihgut being much concer alnege ‘BE pubatied exe tps ver those ruby sning it Se (L130, Paulook eer aene aia ge father the trth i C com hee jin the texts on the in the re cle, ter dupaemer 4 00 aK ms exsarion ; ssparstton by Chi hig of a once a at SF ‘THE TWwo ECONOMIES OF DIVINE CovexMMENT 475. when they are order them for the. destruction of the octrine, is not an exegesis but a white- in the iculty fe not ih lL uhen REEIRope te vn Hew qinnen dagen tN ae wets cata of telco Bue Seer Wate Ee gocr netnay sa eit en a et {Biter ite dre egg tet oe Spe | ar Tse gad among 2 Snare Ae ee Vw morro ghee diene tal pet Re oo FT nnn ta iy snpican sens eo oo nego nS al sap weer ne Fete sameingforeen to Chest toute Ye tthe at uce srr ditck tose tah teen ate oaths wae eae spear meine: Sate stom Ge wh cme tee TO oe E ios ving any ce Batt vu ee eR icv ep toe Rams ang esac be sel ‘hana as ohh aed thew Hin ow frat (Rms 3, he cic Bike ‘ower (Wiese fr example in which there te gueston of 0 sant, similarly speaking of the wrath which wil come (Eph. $6) Sti andar eh toh nee te cee oe sang eng oe th eh wl eae (Eph £8) Se A a a BE wep ie ep ely ct "an Wrath of Cok lmpsy Ud ou nhs tat to Se {Ep 3:0) agat tn Pte Ross wate Sty spa the Cons a nto ge pecs a Sods eed rom even sgn ol wns a 9a Spree Sao Th yh Sa A Re a eo oe ; : te trelte rm sv edt We Sputin once aa at ma thrdeters of wht weon Weasel et seas at rah ers wee sath he, one mit ‘Thats mot detenble, They evidently embrace the ensemble f Ws sil be able to get out of the dificuly by the usul escape: fgura-"C- © Bog sa ee Th ecresion Satis sie st Ba ht i Bese hi pr nin vio would sy, mats rung ck ane es Pop glk ae seal of ge ey 2 att Panis x A o iy ofthe bad re the eps to the Romans, divine law the lence that Christ overcame. Seng {o ahake the most deep rooted convictons of hit Ureners by tet ferving to it, he aniipotes tek objections. tis an fla wader: Hoody he sys in brief "The law indeed ix aly, the Command ‘ments holy and jest and good (Rom. 7:12). Bathe doesn ‘en Se posi of wiring someting ot what be hs tl Tat neler fe eres eerie ee Rom, 4515) ‘he iw far: « ened epilogue There Stn appcae an angel who has ence othe vine ou in hich te Eid God doe nt dda 1 argue wah him. Thee Femains some of ths 2 St Paul nthe inmate confession made in Cor, 13:7, i really appears that God Hinelf sot to him als, H.oot Sian at kas an angel of Sto ballet Ae ts fist ep tothe Covintans, the sine Salt appease kind of ‘executioner ot high commision o which i delivered people not ony Sere 3 Fetes pn newts Bae smear | een an tmewtny tn 1) Daw seaseen ann atc g Bg FD fey = SYR anaes ce am, Hea ean Ss omBay to nema, Fahmy ently be 416 (000 AND 18 CREATION ‘Tue Two ECONOMIES oF DIE GOVERNMENT 477 : law, but when the commandment came, sin revived, and 1 died” : (Rim 7ae10). “Therlore, my brethien, you also, have been Inade io dct the tw Thal passions, which were aroused ew a goa ae Seen Be we > ve ay fico the law having ied to at by, ech we gota shat we my gee. ad a WO Saing to the outwor leuer™ (Rom. 7446). The eps 10 the RPE sex having lengthy aftrmed these potencies of the Seth fnfrmisy mentioned ia Rom. 8:3 (ef, the whole bepinning of Ga 3)gcne tae "Ce edz om lan” (Gal 313% ef. Gal. 4:6) and that °if you ao led by the Ameer not under the law” (Gal. 3:18). The episle 10 the shoe syste final word: = in his esh. The Law of com Tenens cupresed in decree he has, made void” (Tby voHOv ay fvohoy bv Soyuaon, Eph. 2214-158) Let us take vp agin tig sequence of disconcerting statements sa in a atti go a a cls a ae ar eo Seat ois soared nity, the hore could rule nthe tame of Cod” pape A es. They will ener iho isthe esond SERS TSE Bc spre es ote iat aa ea yh yu tw a re hl ge praetor tifa our omni ite pie tte Gelatin mh pet oe Fi we mt ety i eget ane Pe aes cpa cc eer emprigeecn carey | GRAMS a may areata erie Ah Seeiee eect : sop are he i naa el eS as the deiive economy, that sewn pe? ie ner pan watts mewn Suan remalae Ge SS HAP ind her authority of vine orga. 1 is tue that Thay abyse iin this Sense that they draw toward themselves he Fe tery : : MN feninsun te Comers ef ct "Bee cmt pin es etenynm non oe A I sro tenn Protos oe Beengenassey oe Es ee ee Se roses gine eens Epa a faya9 on 00 a0 m8 eneaion i rwo SconoMIES of Died GOVERNMENT 1 ctampion clad ith mai in nd son he san ing = obo cumin la ih a ed ti unons wh ar ot thv of St Pau 1 ie 1 ps on om a fener Cet Thou Re ase aes wrath reves The infil bad sone a 1H. The Synoptcs : [Exc ‘onieh t encompasses. More simply perhaps we should rather to neh cele anger by ay th Towe becomes once pore a ‘THE NEW ADAM CONFRONTS SATAN avn, wala soon sues ta _ > ae eer Mat re mph Become jsice Ham (I Fe ta ur ng abut he oem dal whee ‘A tat common to St. Mathew, St St Lake is that cor daar Suhel hone wh are ancy one, wih so cea Ct opened by HiCbapng he Jordan. And Tea ool or whether in crciying Christ Head ofthe Body, fs caer of thi event, for all three, upon Jess of ‘ sedi io ohh Telonged te ere oie The agreement continues on th point that th He Si She st according the son expen ‘Stari to lead Jesus ini, “te: 13) where he il Sommer Be dine wil of sce wh Z Sect the’ devil and overcome his temptations. The historians of the nth payin on hima te } soy oA SL SL RET egetourhychmarenieco | Tl thy of in ped over tis eps a Cj eR Tac seraty movment anton | Nema ra ote fey rom te ray pot f= caleba oF I Soe i pn haem cece of Er one AL ag Se Seycama evan pope ye mae a,j PEI a ea bk, slo Fest eso wah bse mated | Sete Le eee fe pens tnt debated cahensmits | Sie oil ia en Set Ape cm os | RAPES SEO elm cee tag osm Rca” Soe SERIES is meuniere oe, | BERAIRD tn Sas ae ee pero “Pade La Sovicqueamnirenteamenpaiss | Baran Ra ya sion of : Spirit Eanes a ace, | gly Exact ctor tom hag ee Face oiomata cre | wah Sage a a OE el tat lect tie rte iow ect Doe | Sa sparta it tne son ok many eon ser eed pov ai sore th rn he explanation of Seen a is follows that she, dlp melons, a a ope ie era ees enon weve may be, the jos Ga, a oe a ech spot a Cod parson between Adam and Christ a Se ie canes Bae : aan ch ited Sans shop mah onccl be lacs an-obsiace ch los oS pre he Pepa et tds cap toot a Spee Ssicraeeatiee: | Balti eemmieese eres conn of th stperior wl foward SM Ino pope oat of te ey of YR Se su sy a ey Mpa nd Bae capes pate mtn ots as Seer eye eeenar aren in pl a Yhap comes ene Ege eee epee ce de ws SE tans Be Eee480 op AND Wis CREATION derives alts value, not only fom ts place atthe beginning, bat beauseof its eaton with Dupin an! expecially withthe dee ofthe Spit Qos ha dhe impression that Wis for this reson that the sink decode ones nae bie San car Salhi orion srngconed byte een med by he ence othe Sxpulion of the demons dks not ned to & undefined Wiha it ving tlw aber he parte thy tach {ot itiscear atts for them. along withthe heslings. the typical work of Jess. t would help no way to soy tha they thas present Sin followings popular tem, eran ize. The fvere would tthe uh: itis father the expulsion of the devil who seems 10 esent inset to them, in certain esses, under the form of eure, r loa daha ion i aso ‘he anpanion of Jes ps @ eatin ina ir de a aoe EE ee ircover, i we wish to ms importance which the syne nl srt he lee rresn te ci Sots ns ive but to reread in what Kami characterize the asation of the Tae gp in Hoek SMa tn And Be Sppoimted Ivelve that they might with him, and that be might Sed them forth to preach and drive out devs" (Mi. S145, eee O:t8 and Lie 3:1). ‘Oni eve of being st ee, when it wa foreseen that Herod had designs on His if, Jesus Himaet says in St Lukes "Go and say 10 thao: Behold eat oot dois and perform cores tay ad to roto and the third day 1 am to end my course” (Lk. 13:32), But in is teaching, suchas we can trace i ut in the syoptss, ‘one large discourse is pareularly significant. St. Matthew and St. ike report iin ner the same terms (Me 31:223; Le 1s 5) Some Jews say (Pharisees, explains t_ Matthew) that Bis ty Beczcbb, the prince of devi that He drives out devis. The ircady formulated in Mark 3:23, fous 3 sgoow protest. The clement (ail apiit Moreover, n he tems Im which we see ' BEEN Penge, tows a gat hah one al notion a | {he spre Cops gn Gat sa StF ou ‘down, tna Nvcome even you. Te nae at the parable of telus, The) suv aed suey fs foes Bat ne Ga foams he G : eee ena Se ml lace Te rls oP MRR Shatter oC Pee ern Tine hs colons oe se prs ina beter posion 1 ¥RL” yy Unae escly fe seit it Gon Ft eo" SEE ue oat eco te eats tas Seon aT refusal i consummated every i ‘Since the means which would permit a new beg: tape el Sing fom te unhappy expenence ofthe Bist tan, Adam, was not tetped te Kinga of oft cone va We aa eee orit wc ae unk. This to my Unt he whole Work ite etused tbe expulsion of Satan. If no, there would Seco sense fn presenting as he aol unformvable inthe capable aaa throu mor Mgt onthe tea which the 000 Raatade of the mission of Jesus and of te state of things Into ett Feri mange ene oe Crammer hte a aia ae ol Batre rayne Sue nceat ete Be Gd eee ie Se ee Te tot Care: Ony he fal eae Engiomy ou sac shh He Hinge wil nla, wil isl42 {00 ANO His CREATION Separate the wo kingdoms, will crush out the one and exalt he IL. The Fourth Gospel ‘We come now othe fourth gospel, In general way, the Johan- bine writings should here este development not Vs extend than that which we gave to SU Paul AU Eny rater mot washing 10 ‘unduly lengen our Scout, we shall be content withthe remanks sur ‘A fs sgh afer the Pautnian writings, the Johannine writings, si i hm ein of nd eel es car Terie of hem: ah uth, glory, som indiely guiing Bu Troweatunvectominton ot tase concepts ne wee ee, ‘ped in 2 more Iya! than dialectal manner reveals a hakground ‘etopmotiions at leat ar pronounced 35 thse af S Pas: More ecrely, the ft of these eas Which Rave jos eclled, that of fight, ie rived trom am obstinate reminder of darkness, Realy. i the fourth gospel con tightly appa as that 2 1. LIGHT AND DARKNESS is proper wo God and to Chris, wor Gece Ten a npc Hot walk in the darknese” (Jn. A212) Let us ote that He speaks On te orth ofthe temp om heat Sy he ea oF ae ‘aces, that oan ty cane to desta wil et iat Ran ey Oye ee lamina “And the mesage Which we hate heard from him and shmounee to yous ig, an in him is no darkness” (1, ‘sil docs ent and it fille he world. The prologue of he gospel wil esse he wile work-of chi ithe ee pase; "The fight shines Inthe darkness and the darkness grasped Ainot Gin, 1:8). This aslation indieates ‘aleady tn dares ‘more than the word would seem to contain, that 4 posite hos: “Iam the Tht of the wh follows me des eee: tiny. Again thi aded on the Latin of the Vul- cone ep ata ea, th ae recs, Har Ab eg wooed ete a Supported by the meaning of KoweeuBave in the ote pesage ght Se te Abn te ean aga Rt” 5 Bader ct mle haa 3, aa Oe THE TWO ECONOMIES OF DIVINE GOVERNMENT 483 in which St. John uses it lkewise with darkness as subject! one would rather have te translate: “and the darkness was neble 00 Make gel master of i that, tbe context Giwhck Lime fat ton & similarly empbasied by Jesus: “I'am come a He ito the weld thst whenever ene ‘nme may not remain ia darkness” (Un, 12:46) ‘The meaning thatthe author ofthe fourth Gospel pate into this expresion: "tg remain fad frst epi: “He who hate he brother fin the and he does not know whither he goes, becae Oe binded his eyes" (I In. 2:9-11). Let vs remark once more the aggresive pote ofthese later words. The host everywhere recent 5 {und in an expt way in, an porank pacage of fe Compels “Now this the jadgment* the light hat cme ito the World et meth ihe ds Tit, for te works ley @4). Bat tis elk ty be ome to the lght hat is deeds may not era bheWwho does the truth, comes to the ght ‘ade mane, for they have bon performed in God Gn: 3! ‘A final remark on the opposition is piven us inthe fst chapters», kn sd i tnounces what ‘wil bet te of “The dk hee Passed away, and the tre light is now shining” (Ie. 2:8)¢ 0 p=e® 7 “Aga sane of ib er dake, odes nework oundaton to the whole tableaw ofthe lit of Cheat proper {0 St, John, more particularly to that outbresk between Tests and the “ews” which fs found from the seventh chapter to the tenth ‘concerning the significant cure of the man born Bind. We repedt jw the words pronounced by Jesus at the height of hs controvery? fies sso so thar sad 1 they,“ Gad were you Father, you would a lone mn For rom God Stn Yoh cal" cae 1 eae ot myth sn "ny 60 yo ct odes my meek? Beene you canst len to amet tom Superb seseie rts ftom Bb tery mare for ‘tthe of ex 38: “Wak wile you have the Tih he aren may not ove AEE ut rub sn ter ny oo es epic a ra oeron ooops 4s oD AND MIs CREATION ‘michel you fan cont me Osis? WI apes the truth, why do you or ele oo “Thus the contrast defined ix preicely that of light and darkness anhough the word se no once fd tae Thi gi fet oe truth, Johannine. truth is_ noth rrr ali darkness de- SE Nae sharpen ray vent dame Se ends bth de whom i envclper Wels why Iwi Bef aks hi nC "os ap en my Mora Jenur pcs so fara say. Thor crely are no wins Bike New'fetanen ehh ge at mosh he mpreion of 38 nga anu hain ecomte pga alpting obervains tne all ae would te metuary to copy em wih the Imapety of te Aporae he importance of Mhe_lomingus metaphors, and parla) of azaling whiteness (corresponding tothe Word ouepo by which ‘the beholder taker advaniage of everything whichis conpeced with {Crt has often been remarked but this brilliance always fates om the backggind a aprile somber oma ihe description ofc cslestal Jervealer In which there wil 1 Tonge te nih, prevails over, but 3 the end af 9 Tong and ORE Bade wil Be powers darkness certainly no 3 rising tat the Johannine writings should have aid themselves pero the charge of Mandean representations in which the ene ‘Word doled ina stoggie betwcon darkness and ight 2. THE WORLD Certain diferences are not less unforgttbly brought out, Iti this which our second observa able Us to grep. I cOo- ‘ern the Johannine notion, This word oocurs In St. Sn wath an sleet oe oe creping SHEERS thet h hee fame tet "0 3 loved Peers” Gn fle). or inthe ft epi, the, dengan of het he te “Saver ofthe word” (hn: 418)- fr th ge word Downe Ape. 15:6 Phang 2emene 2, TE TWO ECONOMIES OF DIVINE GOVERMENT 485 We have se that jn Se. Pal inthe tell enemies of man ims oo he“ ae he won saree ‘hich i in codec The contrary aks lain Shand h Snsien be sid hate Takes of too pale a S010¢ al feaeee pleementexpmorover thatthe dalam of Se Joby Tigh tha bs revealed and tore ‘cla ct than i [esti the Chri, . ‘but ov f i — “rhe wold hot comprehend the igh, although it was made roan rt and ag aa Benth tat mae ome 8 Si of usr ye en Cae gol gm ae BS wont wid Chan th ie bese Ge Se gorol wea Siar imc cae world of sin. The joy of the world like its peace, is opposed to that af ro Ea crane ni eR tr ie ho ed tae a a Fetanze Cody, lst il ey to Plt i Hie Enger s - “he tris esi red inthe Sat chapter: “Do aot a cio the ng tue ine word. yee ee oa Lp ie a inc wi 4 ss passing away (L319). Fase prophets wil come ihe mors whch de spiofani-Chis he Seady coe sry the wold sens to them (UJ 43-3). But, “Al tat is om of Cod eins and The Min (vio) tat rao oi or fa (hI $2), Fay, word Geel oor: Pe See cee li, fom the fst words ofthe we eatiy ee Gans 2% Sh (ni ae Pl the Hes of the great Tove ws" omnes? Gn, 3:6; i ie oat het pea Saag that one tie, of Jesus charatrse of, John shold be “Saves "| ofthe world” Un 442; Tn 4218). This 8 1 Peon nae pas eda apeons Bese mapas out bmg ia ny486 00 AND 18 CREATION Himself, rch of His passion, explains: “Now isthe ‘the ar tow wl epics tts wos eat out” Gin 12:31; et 14:30). The expresion isto be compared with one which we read inthe at chap and of which the set Seema bs the ly Spr: “Gretey i who rn you tan be ‘who is inthe worl” {I Jn, 4:4). Wath these two texts, we ae rg ack exactly co the dean suggesod in the synopis bythe parable of the strong man ‘We shall not push further this inventory of the New Testament. lis whole doctrae of evi its whole solution of the problem of ev, can be putin one phrase of the epatle tothe Hebrews which rn St'a lelimotiy through the pric i ve leod and es IV. The Themes of Death, Sin, the Captivity in Patristie Tradition [Wee not ung pr tog the ater ses of mon We sketched within the New Testament. f {Eset cerain thar eso nd tc elon a mee) clan of spr theme, be mae mg {tow nthe Fathers he dexconge af by ing cur attention tothe mold ysrough which they are mode to Soh et cna ee that of sino, ore precy, th eoneete tn which for them the sin par execs olay hat of abot capi, Cf the wy a whch it bud Ge and of te ay in Which We fad world with us wil esape 1. THE VICTORY OVER DEATH ACCORDING TO ST. TRENAEUS “The role given by patology, expecially Greck patrology, 0 the ste 4h wh Has sce many ators oe ‘oth ecntury. It realy seemed to them, for example, that thet “THE TWO ECONOMIES OF DIVINE GOVERKMENT 487, (pag tn tema mised he npr fh ne ty t \uni ‘tilly mundo the accatons pid y Oe word dah for he Dany Chan rad and tony hate sen ae ane for modern Chi ty what it was in the Phaedomihe pure and fd sou T could he manga dltned or Imourning" and who do ot seem to consider any ober Chetnn Fy Erol thn he Hentcation, deatraaivermee: Unser the f 2 1 fendtions we wil oo longer be surprbed i the stra, So e) ae {nthe ancients tn idea enicly contary—that i it from death te." FS Suto asic decd” ors toll ST te iden of sehetion. There wil to longer be queston: acs a igs te expen of tres o's ppl eda. Tat by uot the moat testa coursdetthe produced By Bs ence: 2S ‘Sn unig ot fron corpo: tom he met on Tnorer grt io we many fo sue sew js forthe septs wh the Fale coterie fn 8 guncens vey Be ic noone tui And i, res de ea, et whol bibles, of eration “Glen ==" Deine Homo” hi expeton of rena fen and ip cited, disiptes he stmesphere ofthe old pun eye ou (body uals tomb), I dsiptes there even where he resumption of ‘it ielectai talicon ansmits this expresion. For ates of detall hat tf necessary to atend tn aa trly histone, butto the strong line ecoring to which ‘Now itis undesiable tat inthe Fathers Christan hope is con- tantly the iis ‘ha uh thm say be The gral eset on ine ont eae sing i thy tm ln le 0, i ‘itn thal an immortaliy, even forthe soul alone, is in-no ! ‘atu to nag But whatever may be the truth on thie pont 0 ‘which we shal teu, the presence of death in a word Gf which ioa 00 AND MIS CREATION care) Somer, te autor is the God of Cian retin» site he. free Th ‘explanation which cin reconcile them wih this fact; the pore AS only sla E dices Pan Tipe rier Man had been creed by God in onde hat height have Me theefore having lot fe, having been wounded __ by he serpent hw to return to Hf, fut Be andoned to th idrhae been detent andthe malice of the serpent ee ee pie er the divine wil” (dr. Maer. ML 231), ‘nen hercfore the question is raed: "Why did God become man?* et ‘one answer ind ‘| ight vangush dena reaore man to Hie" (Adv, Hoe, I, Tey Th sane ing'& found wn the Demonsrao (37): “The Word God has bent made flesh inorder to dso death and to Team bk to ie Sena ne seid toa Bound by in ‘Newer born insin swe ied under the domination of death. “That ths also ja ho way implies a materiale conception of do nt lee demi yor even pricpally physical i what th exe Tost ted would indeate, by the close cation in which They place death and sn, But thats what appears in a serene ‘Tavap sv son a oneetarines abit mote close what St Wenaeus Sdestands by “ie ive not enough a say tha for hy i in Stich aware Ena de ing to The exprosion of & good Hitatan of har ought (Bonwetsch, Die Thealone des Tren, pp Bott) pls for him “ein Destondel de Todes." tn order to Me ceoue oT enougho attend 10 the admirable detnition teh he msl has pven ss of fe and of death such ashe woe ‘sstands thom "Communion with God He and hight and the Enjoyment of the goode which are near hie But on those who i i aus age telecon thom and im, and The-separation irom_God fake 2. CORRUPTION ACCORDING TO ST. ATHANASIUS Alb his is found more peotouncy expained and elucidated by another Greek Fether, olen reproached by St Ienacus because of ‘vinastenee on the fedemption as deliverance from death. T reer {St Athanasius and quite especialy 10 his Weatise onthe incaras Se, Maer V, 27.2 On al he he commenti of A ae die iol iti ier oe su iu 1 px ts cite tts ars osreb a ed eeepbcgrans teh lon a ae eee he a af eS feel A gd tei ale peta fn our guard not (0 se there, at Teast not mis case merely 8 Simple ptenomenon of decadent philosophy. The g8Spz, contid- reds fon into on being-natraly tne to" ‘neibe to every created being f God does pot intervene, reveals a s>—=" ego Gods tn tse betes ue ie he Bp expen at 7 F ca oS Poa not ony te remy °° =o eniprcaording ‘en aot enly the enemy °C soo ST Chaba att te anne ene: We wl so en bs seprscd =" finda Atnanason eranoSang picture of he deen O death {hota ac ofthe retempion ‘The pest ner of Altes x hate shows us how, a thie conn fel the tbr ae abe to tke up also of Helens ex frsooe on des dlverance In fot thse epreions wil be Pokey rove, tase icy tl Be lene to. ne te fem basis Yo which Chit acordg tote cxpresion of 8 Ejritn areo spesh troop dosh has conucred death™ Weal arn 3. SIN AND IDOLATRY ie S ee ce gaat fa pei ate ney Gey ee et a ccna wt See Corea Fen poor re(rae) reese ony eas pate wrongly, 8 modern rational inthe paris Fetutations of polyhem. ‘Aiready m te enepee which we make of St, Paul, we run the ri of pormiting ourzives to be deceived, although we may have Innmedilely what would be necessary Yo undeccive ourseives. St Paul says tthe Corinthians: "We Row there i mo such thing a Eclat world and tet thie no-Cod bat oe: For even TT {be ae what are cal god, whether in Heaven or on earth (ot Ince there afe many gods aod many Tords), yet for us there & fnly one God the Father, from wher are all things and. we unto fin and one Lord Jesus Chet, through whom areal things, and (Tiron him (1-Cor,B:4-6). Bot the ambiguity of these es reson, deceiving for some, is cleared up when he adds Wile fers What thon So cay? That what fs screed to ols is any- e920) isesiy of suai mien of Sean ccair en nie ate wire ake etn gy wees ese er oy wn ae cl a acetate dete th Ste Se ad _aoshil their duties withoot some smal rte which the highest pagan sect pots tha ie, 2 Cats Tor example, were ready t0 declare as ect remota at datiennce, But gure jou the Chrisinn apologists wos ot regard ed his ght This apstem of ial he oh mate cre dese egal apperince 0 Sed wat for the on Thrown by 359 ) aso, Cone les Paes 7. FG. 1-25 e 816 ewig, Se sai Sai 8D cam phe, 70; Feehan De pee se two BcovoMtes oF pre covenwmmner 491 tem of isola inne gle aunt And ogi a ven on ae ects wll have Een 6 commt he dn the least pargonale, becuse it would have been 1 A629 crac few tease “ans oumely for hee and eons Sop etal i le al Se ee alae eta ee RE a ran Tit Boe ed fr emis esi, Conte ty Pate, of S Aten Oe Se ea eta oaky en he same fendamestal 2 beat intellectual reflexes. Behind there nding to the natal the st plan of ‘gn with the dove fo the celeal communion. “Tas leady us to our final theme: That ofthe captivity Into whieh souls fll and the woe human universe with them. 4, THE DIABOLICAL CAPTIVITY 7 It seems that madern accounts of the orginal fll are all bur- dened with Tato contradiction. [tis understood that the site fom which man fel was a sate of divine endship, of adoptive fut real fliation, absolutly gratuitous: a pure gift of God which thn Bad no righ to demand. Ata consequence fallen mami cyrd ‘900 AND Me eREATION spesking a man fan back i Ne on pope eve ‘Pitetaree os ne (Bese nae le sa os. weed How then Sad on ay Bcae Ba Sings tau oes et {otal How ven cold Wb and hve len when Telly iThas simply been placed back on its own proper level, instead of remaining’ elevated above isl? In fact, modern theologlans p> aching the problem ofthe fall of man ssa proble of two term God'and man. have 3 nthe dlemma-weher to conde the natore of maa at bad in sll, basically bed from is creation, which s Manighesn ato deny the realty ofthe fl, which would Se Polaginte _—-, ESHER panne nnn aed ute arn eS ate et ra eee tema een, tough ali ae pot any wey te ol by Hor pone In ‘man did nota ll Become hi sei nate o> Avgartine aoe - perm adem. to the zone “aronger," who in hi torn an be so other than God Hineel “This explain the whole conception ot only of the fal, ut ofthe redemption. This conception we find Yormulated quite clearly in the Secours of ge of the texts of St. Tenacus which I cled short lime fn tad sn created by Goin ore that he met Ive fe, Ure oat Ie and having been wounded on al thee thames, Dom Bettencart has ale sto eas fom coe ay ge ih ye an mt i cre Fosse mesetyse Fite nowne oop ney panto grag Gos f eanng oman Yalpmamae Jo nig eats A nocim smg) Fes onae Beane ope Fam penn anes ciary semen Femmes bose tte Ps 83 etrpaunesen ‘THE TWO ECONOMIES OF DIVINE GOVERNMENT 493 but ob deiey Ga bg at one ive an magnanimous iy sand in pating al men ‘tan robe hig othr gre ond veut ex {man who had been subject to death ea Poagsig fie doe and be ek oe Se ween by the fact that The had dishonestly deceived his een a ioray, Be beeen da toma - "would be as gods, something which was not in his Sy — >" ert ‘he had accomplished death in them. This is why he who” vas ed man war hima eapted by God ad an wi he ‘ren copa was Sate from the eapvay 10 which he a Book condemed (tan Hate I 1). 5. THE FIGHT AGAINST THE DEMON tion immediatly ais: Why, inorder to conquer te x eid oy though he incarnation ace tl ae fat" ion inthe rook of ten? Hee ne tour once more wpe is ye (Show tacgound of tua snd de del wich Sou te easy raven eee Traci aft tid Ge py fr endogio. ed ma on many ft yo cao io fe mate ual nh eee ee suman. af He wo ihe all powefel Word anda tre man, by redeeming vw ratontbiier by Hs blood, gave Himself as ransom for oss494 200 AND He CREATION ho had been ted nto captivity. And although the had domi ovr swe and ough vue oe else ena fo He dees he Word of Coons power a fittings betiopas thing of te usc: whch i proper fo Him bore Himself wh josce with regard to the apostasy ial Inte’ Dwg bch what longed ont by le, iE postasy in the beganing had dominated” us by violence aking aay a by a theft what did not belong to. (0) but secundum ‘ode Tilo God to abtaln Hs ends by power and not {Grolene, Im Such a way that the anclenteteaUon of Od sm perdiion without doing any violence to juste” (cf. ‘ler chrart Veror Prep 11) OF ar Re uBR ody faye “If man had gt overcome the enemy of man, the ne ‘would nor have been jusly overcome. And on the other hand it ‘as not God) who brought uy salvation we would. not pomess it Iii “eeunity” (dr. Maer, V. 1, 1). Whence this eonclstn: The Word of God who erated everything, vanguishing the devil trough man and declaring him an aposaie subjected himself to rman" (HL TB. 1). From this first formulation, stil very figurative, comes the idea which has oeeasloned 40 many commentaries ofthe rights of the evi. Ie wi meet wit opponents, ke St. Gregory of Nazianzen, ‘who would hold to the pure and simple idea of victory over the ev, fearing lest somcone might conclude either to a justice of the aio ane dvi whch would be on he tae evel ta of the Kingdom of God, ar conversely, tos slavery under God pa {oan lavery under the dowd (V. 24,9). Sill, he becomes isolated by his scroples. Other Fathers of the equ need conc the tet exegcton e apion SESE ibe oes br tie Soni aaron isch cu i 2 i more fat folie Senptue. fn oer Words, not indeed by slering him 2 lower price than what Bt rather, ithe person of the God made man, ahiher pric, a ‘hog under a selled form. The dev allowed ‘ales ‘ne But, do At thts algo Tound i Ongen, Si. Gregory of Nyssa, St John Chryrortm, St. Cyril of Alexandria, At any rate St Gregory of [Nyse taker great care 1 show tht this deepuon it alta nf ‘THE Two EcoNOMIES OF prvwE covenNeENT 495 utes, ws dul bing caus a Bi en tn (Dione etch. “ae La Fatt St Angin td S. Gregory the Grea an Fate, St Angie td a i ‘prove pon this imagery. The iter even opens deed ‘ford he grotesque sp Wie nh hatte Sle Agss vl seach forthe me whith have done 49 mach 0 ‘hat com wore v seallae ont ac eppeson of te cole rer eee ior ss of She powers tee tree manent justice our very condemnation: Smiay, the {he devil ected bythe Incaoation fat bottom only the retering of a Summum js, become jumma fnjeia. Through toe Gores i: i ‘which rendered it impermeable tothe dynamic inluaves of the ‘gape, the ancient order of things i itself condemned to dle when ‘the newest ofthe gospel appears. vermediay of His em, pulled up ek foner, and placed thenselves 1a. oppesiion to fd, meanwhile Planing the fale over the goods Which had been ‘confided to them.496 {200 AND HS CREATION race, the New Adam presents inset and confronts in His turn INRT"Gy the power of God and bythe Ire at of man, 2 trichsaleguacds a josie. Man, in Chit, as become ene hea ates folowing Chit in faut te rSthe tao Economies are eircaly rized up. On the one band the diciples of Christ must in effec ‘aint that Cle i Lord ond Matern the world which remains Foal, fa order that ewe cea Tor Wea reat-On the other hand Suan preserves ceria samples aman Then, Histol to pot them to he fear amon i fo make them {lin as large nombers as possible ‘When Chest shall appear the new Reavens andthe new earth of men wil so appese: Phen, death wil be no more. Satan wil 90 Fenper be able to 0 harm. The Truth nd the Lie wll be ll nal. (age 0nd Engl Leratre, New York Universi) reverts eo point ta yest all monograph ere ie Ek Bene Domes frag de Se Mari dy Satan, A Callin of Esays, New York, Sted a BF de on ond Sate, Wenmitr, Ma. Newman Pres, BMG Sr Baste hrey cab In. " Ribnrphy ofthe French eon fr Chapter Xi pty tea supe oy te oan ‘me Two ECONOMIES OF DIVINE covERKMENT 497 (GENERAL. BIBLIOGRAPHY? ‘Aussi ol Cod, New York. Hater Pubiing Co, 14 ‘in Cian er hy ote ape ed ‘Aquinis, StThorms, Semme Conra Geniles, London, Bursa, Ostet 40d Wotan BES vung th Do gn 8 Tea: Tels ‘erat Wales Companion 10th Summ 4 wo, New York, Sood ‘Tarai eee eae Fae a Wey of Life, boty. Te Coney of th Pree CEH te att heat, Yee PS i, Cnt et a ry a Pome! va m sic of Dogmatic “Festbooks, various tiles, 12 vols, St re tod, Theology of St. Panl, 2 vols.. New York, Benziger, 1947. oA tsb Be Yi ett RL, He drei of iran, Lui, Mere. 146. SRE I ical ded Sony New Yor, Shed an Ward 16- SE: Geigy fe Fn tr Cole Cac 2 vob, New York, SEE FE sco mt Stn 9 a er Yo THREE Capper 2), eer Eee CEN Reactant 1 a ye