Professional Documents
Culture Documents
C. 71 percent
D. 38 percent
C. Bagassosis
D. Bagasse
16. This mineral dust is incurable and may lead to the development of Tuberculosis:
A. Silica
C. Cryptococcus
B. Histoplasma
D. Aspergillosis
17. An important component of an occupational history is:
A. temporal relationship of symptoms with work time
B. associated symptoms among family members
C. family illnesses
D. dietary history
18. The most exposed industry to ergonomic problems:
A. Manufacturing
C. Fishing
B. Mining
D. Agriculture
19. Threshold limit value is the time weighted average concentration which nearly
all workers can be exposed daily without adverse effect for the following number
of work hours/workweek:
A. 40-hour workweek
C. 48-hour workweek
B. 12-hour workday
D. 6 hours work shift
SANITATION, ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE & HUMAN ECOLOGY
20. Considered most dangerous with regards to possible disease spread:
A. clinical carrier
C. non-immunized
B. clinical stage patient
D. terminally ill patient
21. This allows organic material to undergo bio and photo degradation, resulting in
simple organic molecules that can actually be beneficial to the environment:
A. Composting
C. Source reduction
B. Reuse and recycling
D. All of the above
22. An example of an agent-environment interaction is:
A. Population of a carrier making use of an infected water supply both for
drinking and food preparation
B. Vitamin C tablets placed in colored bottles
C. Fly control program
D. Businesss favorite of eating sushi in Japanese restaurants
23. What treatment is needed if the bacteriological quality of water is 5,00050,000 coliforms/100 ml?
A. Double treatment
C. Disinfection
B. Look for another source
D. Chlorination
24. The most critical step in waste reduction and recycling is:
A. Waste segregation
C. collection of solid waste
B. incineration
D. transfer and transport
25. The main objective of solid waste processing is:
A. to recover whatever may be reusable
B. to provide livelihood for scavengers
C. to discover other sources of income
D. to minimize bulk of waste to be dumped at sea
26. The most important public health issues addressed by correct waste
management:
A. Composting of solid waste from laboratories
B. Control of vectors of infectious disease
C. Eradication of mosquito causing Dengue
DC. Improvement of parks and public places
FAMILY MEDICINE
27. Biopsychosocial Model focuses on:
A. Multifactorial causes of illness
B. Disease oriented
28. The most challenging and rewarding stage for the physician in the Family Illness
Trajectory:
A. Major therapeutic efforts
B. Accuracy of diagnosis
C. Early adjustment to possible outcome
D. Adjustment to permanency of outcome
29. It is process which encompasses screening for abnormalities, early detection of
disorders that can be alleviated, and likewise the prevention of ill-health:
A. Family Health Care
C. Family Illness Trajectory
B. Family Life Cycle
D. Family Assessment Tools
30. The nature of illness whose characteristics of experience provide little time for
physical and psychological adjustment for family members:
A. Acute illness
C. Terminal illness
B. Chronic illness
D. Debilitating illness
31. The most difficult stage of the Family Illness Trajectory for the patient:
A. Accuracy of diagnosis
B. Adjustment to permanency of outcome
C. Major therapeutic efforts
D. Early adjustment to possible outcome
32. This household is in the typical case-economically independent subsisting in the
first instance from the occupational earnings of the husband-father:
A. Nuclear family
C. Extended family
B. Corporate family
D. Blended family
33. An acronym that stands for factors affecting health which can be considered
resource and pathology:
A. SCREEM
C. Family APGAR
B. Family Circle
D. Family Genogram
34. Component of the Family Genogram that projects the dynamism of family
relationships:
A. Functional chart
C. Family Illness and history
B. Family resources
D. Pedigree or Family Tree
35. A Genogram using functional symbols:
A. depicts relationships
B. focuses on the most ill family member
C. emphasizes the problem of the patient
D. therapeutic interventions
36. The therapeutic Triangle in Medicine refers to which of the following?
A. Patient/family/health care team
B. Patient/family, health care institution, health care team
C. Patient/family, friends/extended family, health care team
D. Patient, health care team, community
37. What stage of the Family Life Cycle is characterized by parents developing adult
type relationships between the grown children and themselves?
A. Family with adolescent
C. Unattached Young Adult
B. Newly married couple
D. Family in later life
38. What family process involves ordered sequences of interaction that typify how
family functions?
A. Family pattern
C. Triangulation
B. Disengagement
D. Enmeshment
39. Which of the following is characteristic of the hospice program?
A. available 24 hours a day
B. designed for marginalized population
C. renders only medical care
D. composed of nurse and physician only
40. During the interview process, which of the following will most likely put the
patient on the defensive, that is, make the patient feel that his or her problem or
behavior must be justified and defended?
A. Beginning the question with
C. Laundry-list questions
Why?
B. Direct question
D. Open-ended questions
41. This is a component of the family health care plan which involves health
maintenance for each Family member:
A. Preventive
C. Therapeutic
B. Diagnostic
D. Rehabilitative
42. A family meeting should be done in the following situation:
A. 16 y/o old female, first pregnancy
D. Number of death
71. Health education involves:
A. process of translating knowledge into action
B. telling people what to do
C. giving lectures about health
D. issuing rules and regulations to stop a bad habit
72. The
A.
B.
C.
D.
73. Public health services (national and local) must give emphasis on:
A. prevention, promotion and maintenance of health
B. treatment of diseases
C. rehabilitation of the disabled
D. provision of emergency and first aid services
74. The role of government agencies in solving community health problems:
A. guide, assist and facilitate community efforts in meeting its needs
B identify the problem of the community
C. provide funds for the project
D. provide comparative statistics
75. In public health, the most frequent problem of scarcity of resources is
met by:
A allocate resources according to needs
B. transfer of funds
C. complete for national funds
D. increase manpower training
best
79. The basic indicator most often used to reflect the economic health of a
country is:
A. infant mortality rate
C. migration rate
B. infant mortality rate
D. population density
HEALTH CARE: PHILIPPINE SETTING
80. The most common type of attendant at birth utilized by Filipino women:
A. Hilots
C. physicians
B. Midwives
D. nurses
81. Maternal health status of the Philippines is still poor because of the
following:
A. doctors attend to of deliveries
B. birth rate is relatively low
C. maternal death rate is relatively low
D. deliveries are in hospital
82. In the Philippines, the primary factor to consider in the design of the health
care delivery system is:
A. prevalent diseases
C. education of the masses
B. population growth
D. nutritional requirement
83. Republic Act 7875 is also known as The National Insurance Act of 1995
covers:
A. all Filipino citizens
C. government employees only
B. private employees only
D. unemployed citizens
84. The priority or target group in the National Anti-TB Program as recognized
by PHILHEALTH and DOH is:
A. sputum positive cases
B. sputum negative but with history suggestive of TB
C. sputum negative cases but with possible X-ray findings
D. sputum negative but with clinical findings suggestive of TB
85. This specifically consists of a core list of drugs approved and authorized by the
DOH:
A. Essential Drug List
C. Positive Drug List
B. Generic List
D. Prohibited Drug List
86. By tailored procurement of drug by government, it will make available to
its own clientele:
A. the best drug at least cost
C. bulk buying
B. the expensive drugs at low cost D. the cheapest drug
87. DOH Office that is responsible for handling matters pertaining to drugs,
laboratories, facility and professional licensing is:
A. Standards and regulations
C. Hospital services
B. Management services
D. Public Health services
88. DOHs goal of improving the general health status of the population require:
A. Reduce infant/child mortality rate
C. Increase total fertility rate
B. Decrease life expectancy
D. Increase growth rate
10
11
In the Under Five Program, the best screening procedure for tuberculosis:
Sputum examination
Surveillance
Tuberculin testing
Chest x-ray
102.
Drugs not covered by patent protection and which are labeled solely by their
international proprietary name is:
A. Complementary drugs
B. Essential drugs
C. Generic drugs
D. Core drugs
103.
A.
B.
C.
D.
104.
Philhealth benefits vary according to the following except:
A. Relative unit value of surgery
C. Type of hospital
B. Actual cost of care
D. Type of physician
105.
Phil-Health sets standards, guidelines and procedures prior to allowing doctors
and hospitals to become part of the NHIP. This process is called:
A. evaluation
C. recognition
B. accreditation
D. acceleration
106.
a.
b.
c.
d.
107.
The following preventive measures are included in the National TB Control
Prgram EXCEPT:
a. Giving chemoprophylaxis for those not yet infected
12
the
109.
A greater measure of success of a TB control program could be expected if
activities were centered on:
a. Wider coverage of BCG immunization
b. Development of more effective treatment methods
c. Amelloration of the socio-economic status of the general population
d. Identification and treatment of early cases
110.
111.
In an under six program the best screening procedure for tuberculosis is:
a. Chest x-ray
c. Tuberculin test
b. Sputum examination for AFB
d. B and C only
112.
113.
114.
The folowing immunizations are recommended for 3-months old children
consulting at an under six clinic:
a. DPT
d. A and B
b. Measles vaccine
e. A and C
c. BCG
115.
Immunization is contraindicated among
a. Malnourished children
c. Children with diarrhea
b. Breastfed babies
d. Children with prolonged febrile illness
116.
Contraindications for administering a live attenuated vaccine include all of the
following EXCEPT:
a. Acute febrile illness
b. Recent administration of immune globulin host
c. Immunosuppressive disorder or compromise
d. Administration of another live vaccine
117.
118.
119.
Maternal antibodies convey passive measles immunity to infants probably until
age:
a. 12 to 15 months
c. 3 to 6 months
13
b. 6 to 9 months
120.
The
EXCEPT:
a. The
b. The
c. The
d. The
121.
a.
b.
c.
d.
d. 18 24 months
The following are the statements of Policy of the Generic Act of 1988, EXCEPT:
Promote, encourage, and require the use of generic terminology
Penalize any violation of the Act
Emphasize the scientific basis for the use of drugs
Ensure adequate supply of drugs with generic names
122.
The following organizations jointly with the Department of Health are involved in
the education drive for the Generics Acts, EXCEPT:
a. Department of Finance
b. Philippine Information Agency
c. Department of Local Governments
d. Department of Education, Culture & Sports
123.
Which of the folowing would be best reflect the inadequancy of maternity care
services in the community?
a. Small proprotion of hospital births
b. Small proportion of deliveries attended by physicians
c. Large proprotion of maternal deaths due to hemorrhage
d. None of the above
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
14
Among the following factors, which has the LEAST influence on the many infants
the first day of life?
Poor environmental sanitation
Incompetent attendance at delivery
Inadequate prenatal care
Maternal malnutrition
PUBLIC HEALTH
133.
Long-standing lack of vitamin A is maifested in the form of this ocular lesion:
a. Keratomalacia
c. Nyctalopia
b. Corneal xerosis
d. Bitots spots
134.
If a 6-month old baby is suffering from diarrhea, the following should be told to
the mother:
a. Stop breast-feeding
c. Give am and tea only
b. Stop the usual food given
d. None of these
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
135.
The role of governmental agencies in solving community health problems is to:
a. Identify the problem of the community
b. Provide funds for the project
c. Provide comparative statistics
d. Guide, assist, and facilitates community efforts in meeting its needs
136.
In public health, the most frequent problem is scarcity of resources. This can be
best met by:
a. Transfer of funds
c. Allocate resources according to needs
b. Compete for national funds
d. Increase manpower training
EPIDEMIOLOGY
137.
In writing a research proposal, the formal statement about the most likely
outcome of the proposed research falls under:
a. Literature review
c. Hypothesis
b. Methodology
d. Objectives
138.
The factors that effect the reliability of an instrument are the following EXCEPT:
a. Observer variation
c. Lack of congruency
b. Lack of precision
d. Lack of validity
139.
140.
is
15
141.
Among the following demographic characteristics, which does not contribute to
high fertility in the Philippines?
a. High marriage rate
c. Increasing life span
b. Young population
d. Low median age on marriage
142.
143.
144.
LEAST
a.
b.
c.
d.
In the choice of a problem for research, which of the following criteria is the
important?
Availability of technical and logistic support
Probability of solving the problem by research
Probability of acceptance for publication
Useful applicability of the results
145.
Because of its inherent weakness, this method is not utilized in the collection of
scientific data:
a. Census
c. Registration method
b. Questionnaire method
d. Case record method
146.
The following epidemiologic approach may be utilized when the disease being
investigated has not been studied yet in the past:
a. Descriptive
c. Cohort prospective
b. Retrospective
d. Experimental
147.
This type of study can best demonstrate a cause and effect relationship:
a. Experimental study
c. Analytic study
b. Descriptive study
d. Cross-sectional
148.
149.
To determine if there is any relationship between oral contraceptive use and
chlamydia infection, an investigator selected a sample of 100 women attending a social
hygiene clinic. He then measured the predictor and outcome variables by talking a
history of oral contraceptive use and sending a cervical swab to the lab for chlamydia
culture. The design of this study is:
a. Cohort study
c. Case control
b. Cross-sectional
d. Experimental study
150.
a.
b.
c.
d.
151.
The observational study in which subjectys are sampled based on the presence
or absence of a risk factor interest, these subjects are followed over the time for the
development of a disease outcome:
a. Case control study
c. Cohort study
b. Ecologic study
d. Cross-sectional study
16
152.
An investigator wanted to determine if there is a significant difference in the
mean systolic blood pressure 10 women before and after oral contraceptive use for 3
months. The appropriate statistical test for significance for this study is:
a. Analysis of veriance
c. Student t-test
b. Chi-square analysis
d. Palred t-test
153.
a.
b.
c.
d.
154.
155.
156.
157.
When distribution is symmetrical, the manner of tendency what should be
chosen is:
a. Mode
c. Mean
b. All of these
d. Median
158.
Randomization is a procedure used for assignments or allocation of subjects to
treatment and control groups is experimental studies. Randomization ensures
a. That assignments occurs by chance
b. That treatment and control groups are alike in all respects expect treatment
c. Bias in observation is eliminated
d. The placebo effects are eliminated
159.
When samples are chosen because they are handy and easy this is:
a. Simple random sampling
c. Haphazard sampling
b. Systematic sampling
d. Cluster sampling
160.
One of these is NOT included in the comprehensive maternal and child health
program policies:
a. Pregnant women should be given iron tablets during the second and third
trimester and throughout the lactation period
b. Abnormal pregnancies may be delivered at home by a professionally-trained
health worker
c. Growth and development of infants and children should be monitored by growth
charts and developmental screening devices
d. The newborn receive immediate care at birth and breast feeding instuted within
30 minutes after delivery
161.
Population density is determined by use of two data. One is total population and
the other is:
a. Age and sex distribution of the community
b. Area of the community
c. Income of the community
d. Resources in the community
162.
17
a.
b.
c.
d.
Both its crude birth rates and crude death rates remain high
Its crude birth rates remain high but its crude death rates decline
Its crude birth rates decline but its crude death rates remain high
Both its crude rates and death rates decline
163.
164.
POISONING
165.
In childhood poisoning, emesis should NOT be induced if the poison is:
a. Barbiturates
c. Drain cleaner
b. Acetaminophen
d. INH
166.
The following does NOT conform to the 1987 Family Code of the Philippines
a. The contracting parties to a marriage maybe of the same gender
b. Marriage solemnized by a person not legally authorized to perform marriage are
void
c. A marriage contracted by any person during the subsistence of a previous
marriage shall be null and void
d. Mayor can no longer solemnize marriage
The office that is changed with the function of collecting and reporting of vital
statistics is the:
Bureau of Census and Statistics
c. Health Information Service DOH
Bureau of Medical Services
d. Department of Disease Control
169.
death
a.
b.
This is the measure of mortality which will tell us what the 10 leading causes of
rate are:
Case fatality rate
c. Infant mortality rate
Cause specific death rate
d. Proportionate death rate
170.
a.
b.
c.
d.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
171.
One of the following cancers is NOT associated with occupational exposures:
a. Breast CA
c. Lung CA
b. Bladder CA
d. Liver CA
172.
The conservation of health in relation to work, the working environment and
assurance of work efficiency is:
a. Industrial hygiene
c. Occupational medicine
b. Occupational health
d. Industrial medicine
173.
18
b. Irritation
d. Autism
ETHICS
174.
The primary objective of the practice of medicine according to the Code of
Medical Ethics in the Philippines is:
a. Be good citizen
c. Be solicitous to patients
b. Be a fiend of man
d. Service to mankind
FAMILY MEDICINE
175.
The following are important roles of a family physician:
a. Personal physician to each member of the family
b. Manages the collective health problems of the family
c. Recognizes the effects of illness upon the other family members
d. All of the above
176.
a.
b.
c.
d.
177.
family
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Measures that the family physician can take to reduce the impact illness on the
are as follows:
Do not include the family in deciding on the care of the sick
Inform the family of measures important to the success of treatment
Watch for change in attitude or negative reaction among family
A and B only
B and C only
178.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The following are true for volunteer community health workers, EXCEPT:
They establish linkage between government and non-government organization
They are residents of the community
they are community-based
they provide only curative care
182.
When a community shares in the responsibility and participates in defining the
health and health-related problems in the community, this is known as:
a.
intrasectoral linkage
c. appropriate technology
b.
community participation
d. intersectoral linkage
19
183.
Which
Health Care?
a.
b.
c.
d.
184.
Which of the following is in line with the principles of Primary Health Care?
a. doctors make all the decisions in a community health program
b. free clinics are held in the population
c. a barangay health council is established to plan, implement and evaluate
community program
d. hilots are not allowed to attend deliveries
185.
a.
b.
c.
D.
186.
A health care system that has the
while making the best use of its resources,
accountability?
A. Relevance
B. Quality
187.
Parents who are not qualified as legal dependents, indigents or retirees can avail
of PhilHeatlth benefits through the:
A. Medicare Para Sa Masa
C. Sponsored Projects
B. Individually-paying program
D. Non-paying members
188.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer
questions
page
1.
An act instituting a national health insurance program for all Filipinos and
establishing the Philippines Health Insurance Corporation.
A. Republic Act 7719
B. Republic Act 7875
C. Republic Act 7160
D. Republic Act 6675
MPL: 1
386
389
403
The National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) shall give the highest priority
to achieving coverage of the entire population with at least a basic minimum
409
20
Mandates iodization of all food grade salt and making this available to all
communities nationwide.
A. Republic Act 8423
B. Republic Act 8976
C. Republic Act 8172
D. Republic Act 7876
MPL: 1
385
Children were hospitalized after their mother fed them with poisonous mushroom.
The mother was unable to differentiate poisonous from nonpoisonous species.
How would you assess the Meffect of her action?
A. Directly voluntary
B. Indirectly voluntary
C. Positively voluntary
D. Negatively voluntary
MPL: 0.5
A patient who has emphysema finds it difficult to quit smoking. How would you
assess the morality of the patients action?
A. Imperfectly voluntary because of impairment of knowledge
B. Imperfectly voluntary because of habit
C. Perfectly voluntary act
D. An act of man not performed without free will
MPL: 0.5
A superior officer not stopping an evil act of a lower rank officer despite knowledge
of the same is _________.
A. Equally guilty as that of the lower rank officer
B. Not guilty of the act
C. Guilty but of a lesser degree
D. Not morally accountable
MPL: 0.5
10
11
12
21
13
A patient told his doctor that he do whatever is best for him. This is not a violation
of the principle of autonomy because of the following reason:
A. Accepts an additional burden
B. Gives up what is due
C. Delegate authority
D. Looses right to what is due
MPL: 0.25
14
15
16
17
18
19
Hospitals cannot be held liable for patients who go home against medical advice
because patient
A. Gave up what is due
B. Lost right to what is due
C. Accepted an additional burden
D. Delegated authority
MPL: 0.5
20
A patient in the ward has renal failure. As a junior intern assigned to monitor
the patient, you noticed that his medication is being given in toxic dose. Which
virtue is needed in this situation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Integrity
Courage
Respect
Honesty
22
MPL: 1
C
21
22
Which among the following patients vying for one available respirator would gain
the most from using the respirator?
A. Trauma victim with severe brain damage. Only few brainstem functions
remain. He is unlikely to recover.
B. Patient with infection of the nervous system that rendered him paralyzed from
the trunk down. He is, however, progressively improving and is expected to recover.
C. Patient with complete and irreversible spinal injury that has left her paralyzed
from the neck down. She is able to talk but totally dependent on the respirator.
D. Cancer patient undergoing palliative treatment
MPL: 0.25
23
24
25
Which among the following is NOT a condition to stop treatment in a dying patient?
A. Life is preserved by ordinary means
B. Patient and/or family consents
C. Irrefutable evidence that biological death is imminent
D. Treatment will not prolong life for any significant time
MPL: 0.25
26
The type of domestic violence, which is considered to be the most common of elder
mistreatment, is called
A. Physical abuse
B. Material exploitation
C. Caregiver neglect
D. Emotional abuse
MPL: 1
27
An elderly patient was noted to have hematoma in the legs. Upon probing, patient
claimed he fell from the bed. Caregiver was hesitant to bring him to the hospital for
medical management. What will you do?
A. Report to authorities
B. Perform home safety assessment
C. Expand social services
D. Assess family functioning
MPL: 0.5
28
Given a patient who is a victim of partner abuse, the following may be done EXCEPT
A. Draw a safety plan
23
B. Do couple counseling
C. Refer to mental health professional
D. Refer to womens desk
MPL: 0.5
C
29
30
31
Family, as a group of people, is defined in various ways. Which among the following
description runs common among the various definitions?
A. Related by blood or marriage
B. Related by strong affection
C. Comprises a permanent household
D. Changes through time
MPL: 0.25
32
Tom and Tina have been living with their aunt and grandmother since their
parents went abroad to work as nurses. What is the type of family structure?
A. Nuclear
B. Extended
C. Single-parent
D. Communal
MPL: 1
33
As parents, Jim and Lora make sure that they spend quality time with their children.
They play and do things together with them. What function of the family do they
perform?
A. Biologic
B. Psychologic
C. Educational
D. Socio-cultural
MPL: 0.75
34
John and Marsha is a family with four children aged 16, 10, 6 and 4. Both
husband and wife are in their mid-forties. What second order changes can be
anticipated in their family life cycle stage?
A. Taking on parenting role
B. Sharing responsibilities with extended family
C. Focusing on marital and career issues
D. Keeping communication system open
MP: 0.25
35
Linda was diagnosed with myoma last 2004. Recently, she developed vaginal
bleeding. She was told she needs to undergo hysterectomy. She was subsequently
observed to be crying and socially withdrawn. Identify the stage in the illness trajectory.
A. Reaction to diagnosis
B. Major therapeutic efforts
C. Early adjustment to outcome
D. Adjustment to permanency of outcome
MPL: 1
36
24
B. For illness with acute onset, the family is more prone to a crisis situation.
C. For stages 2 & 5 of the illness trajectory, the family will go through the same
process of denial, anger, and depression.
D. For chronic illness, the family is less prone to stress due to coping through time.
MPL: 0.25
A
37
Mrs. D began having difficulty remembering things, missing at time of work, and
appearing in public in an untidy state at age of 64 years. Mrs. D was brought to a
doctor for consult and was diagnosed to have Alzheimers disease. Because
Mrs. Ds condition seemed to progress rapidly, the attending physician did a home
visit. When he arrived, she found Mrs. D unkempt, bedridden and has lost weight.
The daughter who lives with her complained of exhaustion and of getting very little
help from her siblings. In assessing the condition of the index patient and the family,
the doctor made use of several tools. Which among the following tools and their
corresponding indication for use is NOT correct?
A. APGAR assess familial resources
B. Genogram identify alternate caregivers
C. SCREEM assess capacity of family to participate in health care
D. Family map describe family dynamics
MPL: 1
38
A 42-y/o woman, married with 2 daughters from Masbate revealed a 2-yr. history of
breast mass. Physical examination showed a cachectic patient with unilateral multiple
beast mass with foul smelling discharge. The patient sought consult with faith healers
in their hometown. Her family and relatives firmly believe that it was due to barang
(witchcraft). She was brought to Manila to consult with another faith healer. She
refused to see a doctor, as it would render ineffective the treatment being done to her
by the faith healer. Deep in her heart she has given up hope for cure. For a doctor to
understand the health beliefs and practices of the family and the index patient, what
tool in family assessment should be used?
A. Clinical Biographies
B. Family Circle
C. Ecomap
D. SCREEM
MPL: 1
39
In evaluating the potential crisis once the patient dies, which among the following
would help evaluate the degree of disruption in the function of the family?
A. Family stressor
B. Family developmental stage
C. Family role
D. Family coping history
MPL: 0.25
40
41
25
B. Primary Care
C. Secondary Care
D. Tertiary Care
MPL: 1
C
42
181
43
181
44
181
45
255
46
47
Working together with the people, learning their language and eventually
189
establishing a herbal-medicinal garden for people consumption is an example of
A. Establishing support groups
B. Appropriate technology
C. Networking and linkages
D. Community participation
MPL: 0.25
48
49
Among the list, the program that would benefit the greatest number of people:
A. Provision of food and drugs
B. Accessibility to safe water
C. Health education
D. Proper waste collection and disposal
MPL: 0.25
305
50
344
89
26
51
342
52
53
The time interval between entry of an infectious agent into a host and the onset
symptoms is called
A. The communicable period
B. The incubation period
C. The preinfectious period
D. The noncontagious period
MPL: 0.25
54
55
56
The occurrence of a group of illnesses of similar nature at a rate above the expected
number is called:
A. Hyperendemic
B. Epidemic
C. Endemic
D. Pandemic
MPL: 0.5
57
58
27
times as likely to be born with congenital defects of the neural tube as a baby
whose mother did not have folate deficiency and the association is significant
(p<0.05).
B. Results suggest that the odds of giving birth to newborns with congenital defects
of the neural tube among mothers with folate deficiency is 3.35 as compared to
mothers who do not have folate deficiency and the association is significant (p<0.05).
C. Results suggest that the risk of giving birth to newborns with congenital defects
of the neural tube among mothers with folate deficiency is 3.35 times as
compared to mothers who do not have folate deficiency and the association
is significant (p<0.05).
D. The results provide no evidence that maternal deficiency of folate is
associated with congenital defects of the neural tube in the offspring.
MPL: 0.25
Lou Stewells, a pioneer in the study of diarrheal disease, has developed a new diagnostic test for
cholera. When his agent is added to the stools, the organisms develop a characteristic ring
around them (He calls it the Ring-Around-the Cholera [RAC] test). He performs the test on 100
patients known to have cholera and 100 patients known not to have cholera with the following
results:
Cholera
91
9
100
59
No Cholera
12
88
100
During the investigation of an outbreak of food poisoning at a summer camp, food histories were obtained form all
campers as indicated in the table below.
Consumed Food
Food served
Ill
Hamburger
Potatoes
Ice cream
Chicken
Lemonade
6
7
8
13
2
Not
Ill
4
3
10
5
8
Ill
6/10 = 60%
7/10 = 70%
8/18 = 44%
13/18 = 72%
2/10 = 20%
4
2
2
1
4
Not
Ill
4
3
2
7
4
Specific
Attack Rate
4/8 = 50%
2/5 = 40%
2/4 = 50%
1/8 = 12.5%
4/8 = 50%
60
61
The number of deaths from a given cause in a specified time period divided by
the total deaths in the same time period is:
A. Crude death rate
B. Indirect death rate
C. Case fatality rate
D. Proportionate mortality rate
MPL: 0.25
62
28
MPL: 0.25
C
63
The best source of data or distribution according to age, sex and geographical
location is:
A. Reports of occurrence of notifiable diseases
B. Birth certificate
C. Census
D. Registries of certain disease
MPL: 0.5
64
65
66
In public health, the rate that are used to measure illness is known as:
A. Morbidity rate
B. Natality rate
C. Mortality rate
D. Specific rate
MPL: 0.33
68
69
In the absence of an attending doctor at death, the responsibility of signing the death
certificate goes to:
A. Closest of kin
B. Nurses
C. Local Health Officer
D. Midwife
MPL: 1
70
71
The part which tells the reader what the different parts of the diagram stand
for is called:
A. Source
B. Title
C. Legend
D. Footnote
MPL: 0.5
72
29
73
74
75
Specifying the kind of subjects best suited to the research question and where
to recruit them, is the process of:
A. Exclusion criteria
B. Sampling
C. Randomization
D. Selection criteria
MPL: 0.5
76
77
78
79
The probability that a person has the disease given a positive test result is:
A. Negative predictive value of the test
B. Sensitivity of the test
C. Specificity of the test
D. Positive predictive value of the test
MPL: 0.5
80
The disease or condition which directly caused the death of a patient is:
A. Immediate cause
B. Underlying cause
C. Intervening, antecedent cause
D. None of the above
MPL: 0.33
81
82
30
83
85
The branch of science that counts, measures and numerically states fact is:
A. Demography
B. Medical statistics
C. Statistics
D. Health statistics
MPL: 0.5
86
This is the measure of mortality which will tell us what the 10 leading causes of
death rate are:
A. Case fatality rate
B. Cause specific death rate
C. Infant mortality rate
D. Proportionate death rate
MPL: 0.5
87
The administrator of a day care center reports that a child under his care has
just been diagnosed as having meningitis. He is concerned about the other children
in the center and wants to know what to do. Which of the following must be known
in order that recommendation can be made?
A. Number of children in the center
B. Prevalence of meningitis in the community
C. Age range of the children
D. Number of employees in the center
MPL: 0.25
88
89
The most common cause of cancer deaths among both men and women in the
country is:
A. Lung
B. Breast
C. Liver
D. Colo-rectal
MPL: 1
86
40
90
91
34
59-62
31
92
93
94
A child having diarrhea was noted to be irritable with sunken eyes and slow
return of skin pinch is classified as:
A. No dehydration
B. Some dehydration
C. Severe dehydration
D. Very severe dehydration
MPL: 1
95
96
97
98
99
100
39
32
REFERENCE
Philippine Health Care Factbook Vol. 1
References for questions 6-40
Alora, Angeles, BIOETHICS, NTTC-HP, UP-Manila, 1991
Monge, Michael, Ethical Practices in Health & Disease. Manila:
Sinag-Tala Publishers, Inc. 1994
Rakel, Robert, Textbook of Family Practice, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company,
2002, pp 71-82
Primer on Primary Health Care
PHA202 module, Department of Health Policy and Administration, UP-College of Public
Health
Readings in Health System Management, 2nd edition
Ref. For questions 52-60
MacMahon, B, and Pugh, T, Epidemiology Principles and Methods, 2 nd edition
Ref for questions 61-87
Mendoza, OM et al, Foundations in Statistical Analysis for the Health Sciences,
Manila, DEBS,
CPH-UPM, 1997
Recall
2.
Which of the following is a fundamental psychologic needs of man that has to be met by
a
standard house
A. protection from excessive noise
C. provision of adequate privacy
B. provision of adequate space
D. provision of unpolluted
environment
Recall
3.
Which of the following is considered a special dwelling unit?
A. Hotel/Motel
C. Seminaries
B. Inn
D. Dormitories
Recall
4.
Which of the following is the considered a most valuable component of refuse?
A. fruit peels
C. paper
B. tin can
D. cardboard
Recall
5.
For urban areas, the most ideal waste disposal system is.
A. sanitary pit privy
C. sewerage system
B. septic tank system
D. pour-lush latrine
Recall
6.
Which of the belongs to the Category II waste disposal unit?
A. Cistern flush toilet connected to a sewerage system
B. Pour-flush latrine
C. Bucket latrine
D. Bored hole latrine
Recall
7.
The most common cardiovascular disease that affect Filipinos is
33
A.
B.
C.
D.
Recall
8.
An exercise program to be effective, an optimal level of intensity must be achieved. This
is measured in terms of the:
A. capacity to push himself to the limits
C. ability to endure pain
B. maximum heart rate for age
D. threshold for exhaustion
Recall
9.
Which of the following anthropometric measurements is the best indicator of current or
recent malnutrition?
A. weight for age
C. weight for height for age
B. height for age
D. body mass index
Recall
10.
A short-term solution to micronutrient deficiency disorders is:
A. food fortification
C. tri-media nutrition education
B. supplementation
D. community food production
Analysis
11.
Which of the following will not be achieved by a totally successful Philippine Plan of
Action for Nutrition (PPAN)?
A. Full fortification of selected Philippine made food items with vitamin A , Iodine, and
Iron
B. Complete compliance and adoption of the Filipino family to desirable food and
feeding practices
C. Eradication of all causes of malnutrition in the Philippines
D. Assurance of food supply adequacy with augmentation from home and community
food production
Recall
12.
It is only the female Anopheles mosquito which is involved in the development of
Plasmodium specie because
A. there are no male Anopheles mosquitoes
B. female mosquitoes need a blood meal before they can produce eggs
C. male Anopheles have no proboscis
D. only the female mosquitoes are attracted to human blood
Recall
13.
The natural mode of transmission of malaria is by
A. co-natal transfusion
B. contaminated needles
C. inoculation of sporozoites through the mosquito bites
D. blood transfusion
Recall
14.
How many provinces in the country are endemic for malaria?
A. 65 of the 78 provinces
C. 12 of the 78 provinces
B. 40 of the 78 provinces
D. 8 of the 78 provinces
Recall
34
15.
Recall
16.
Which of the following is included in the extended family?
A. Sister-in-law
C. illegitimate child
B. Step-parents
D. Foster children
Recall
17.
Which of the following Stage Critical Tasks will a Long Term Marriage encounter?
A. Differentiation from family of origin
C. Maintaining couple functioning
B. Renegotiating relationship
D. Renewing marriage commitment
Recall
18.
Which of the following family is much more closely knit?
A. upper class
C. lower class
B. lower class
D. lowest class
Recall
19.
A child experience conflict with practices in the home and school regulations is at what
Stage of Family Life Cycle?
A. The Launching family
C. The Newly Married Couple
B. The Family with young children
D. The Family with adolescent
Analysis
20.
Extension of Coverage of NHIP members includes which of the following
A. working mother
B. 22 years high school student
C. 40 years old congenital cerebral palsy patient
D. 63 years old active Police officer
Recall
21.
Which of the following surgical procedures has the highest RVU?
A. Ruptured appendix w/ abscess or generalized peritonitis
B. Cholecystectomy w/ exploration of common duct
C. Dilation and curettage
D. T.A.H.B.S.O
Recall
22.
Which of the following is a case of NHIP Benefits forfeiture
A. Vehicular accident patient confinement in a non-accredited hospitals
B. Patient died within the first 24 hours
C. Patient was transferred to a better equipped hospital before the first 24 hours of
confinement
D. Patient was discharge within the first 24 hours of confinement by an accredited
hospital
Recall
23.
One of the responsibilities of the Occupational Medicine Practitioner is to administer:
35
A.
B.
C.
D.
Recall
24.
Which of the following is considered an Occupational Disease?
A. Diabetes mellitus
C. Acid peptic disease
B. Hypertension
D. Pneumoconiosis
Recall
25.
Which of the following is an intrinsic factor in occupational disease causation ?
A. social customs
C. organizational set up
B. socio-economic class
D. disease agents
Application
26.
Which branch of statistics are you using when you compute for the average age of a
sample of 100 medical students?
A. descriptive statistics
C. estimation of parameter
B. inferential statistics
D. hypothesis testing
Recall
27.
An advantage of using secondary data is that:
A. data are usually complete.
B. accuracy of data is assured.
C. relevance of data is not usually a problem.
D. data are often available and accessible.
Analysis
28.
A City Health Officer was notified of 10 cases of what seemed to be like
Dengue fever. He wanted to determine if this was a beginning epidemic. Where can
he get information on additional cases, if any?
A. registries of diseases
C. hospital records
B. reports of notifiable diseases
D. community clinic records
Recall
29.
An attribute of statistical data which reflects the consistency of data when more than
one observation is done is:
A. sensitivity
C. validity
B. specificity
D. precision
Recall
30.
The ability of a diagnostic test to produce results closest to the true value of the
measurement is called:
A. sensitivity
C. validity
B. predictability
D. precision
Recall
31.
The normal distribution or Gaussian curve is described as having the following
characteristic:
A. mean is zero
C. standard deviation of +/- 1
B. probability of 0.05
D. mean, median and mode are equal
Recall
32.
The area under the normal distribution curve representing observations that lie
between 2 standard deviations from their mean is equal to
36
A. 68.50%
B. 90.5%
C. 95.00%
D. 99.70%
Recall
33.
For a distribution that is skewed to the left, the mean would be:
A. at the same position as the median
C. to the right of the median
B. to the left of the median
D. equal to the mode
Recall
34.
If the probability that a particular event (A) will occur depends on or is influenced by the
prior occurrence of another event (B), that probability is called
A. a piori probability
C. conditional probability
B. empirical probability
D. complementary probability
Application
35.
Which of the following is a nominal variable?
A. nutritional status
B. outcome of illness
Recall
36.
The rationale for the use of the Yates correction factor to offset the no expected values
less than 5 is to
A. make the chi-square value smaller
B. make the p-value smaller
C. make the difference between the observed and expected values smaller
D. make the confidence interval smaller
Recall
37.
In a 3 x 4 contingency table, the degree of freedom is
A. 2
C. 7
B. 6
D. 12
Recall
38.
At the conventional level of significance, an observed difference between 2 proportions is
considered significant if:
A. p-value is < 0.05
C. chi-square value is >2
B. z-value is > 5
D. confidence interval is > 2SD
Recall
39.
Which of the following is used to show probable relationship between two quantitative
variables?
A. Component bar diagram
C. Bar graph
B. Scatterpoint diagram
D. Pictogram
Recall
40.
Which of the following is an alternative to the pie chart?
A. Bar graph
C. Frequency Polygon
B. Component bar diagram
D. Histogram
Recall
41.
Which of the following is used to portray absolute or relative frequencies, population
rates, or other numerical measurement across the categories of a qualitative or a discrete
quantitative variable?
A. Bar graph
C. Frequency polygon
B. Line Diagram
D. Histogram
Recall
37
42.
Recall
43.
Which of the following is/are requirement/s for Questionnaire
A. it should have sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value
B. respondents are not expected to know all the answer to the questions
C. should be ambiguous
D. fairly offensive
Recall
44.
Secondary data are collected by which of the following methods of data collection?
A. review of literature/documents
C. inquiry
B. survey
D. observation
Recall
45.
Chronologically, which of the following steps in Questionnaire Preparation should be
last?
A. List the variables to be measured
C. Prepare the draft of the question
B. Pretest the questionnaire
D. Make necessary modification
Recall
46.
If death occurred within the jurisdiction of the Philippines but the exact place of its
occurrence cannot be determined, the death shall be registered in the office of the local
civil registrar of
A. place of burial upon the presentation of a certificate
B. victims last known address upon the presentation of a certificate
C. birthplace of the victim upon the presentation of a certificate
D. none of the above
Recall
47.
Which of the following should be accomplished if a less than 7 months fetus dies 24
hours
after birth?
A. birth certificate only
B. death certificate only
C. both birth and death certificates
D. both birth and death certificates marked for Statistical Purposes Only
Recall
48.
The process of obtaining a sample where the probability of inclusion of a unit is not
known specified is observed in which of the following sampling methods?
A. Simple Random sampling
C. Stratified Sampling
B. Systematic sampling
D. Quota sampling
Recall
49.
Importance of appropriate determination of sample size include/s:
A. the expense ,time and work is increased
B. the feasibility of the study in terms of availability of the subject is assured
C. the duration of study and estimate of the budget can be extended beyond the
estimates.
D. the precision of the study is diminished
Application
38
50.
An investigator wants to undertake a study involving the incidence of drug abuse among
Filipinos, which of the following methods is the most appropriate sampling method to be
used?
A. Simple Random Sampling
C. Systematic Sampling
B. Stratified Sampling
D. Multistage Sampling
Recall
51.
Living disease agents that readily die outside the human host require for their successful
transmission requires:
A. an intermediate host
C. a common vehicle
B. a vector
D. the most direct contact
Recall
52.
Herd immunity depends on the following factors
A. degree to which an affected individual is capable of transmitting the infection
B. the length of time during which an individual is infectious
C. size and social behaviour of the community
D. all of the above
Recall
53.
Characteristics of passive immunity
A. it is temporary
B. it usually lasts 6 months in the newborn
C. it protects an individual for life
D. A and B
Recall
54.
It is the first stage in the natural history of disease wherein disease has not yet developed
although the groundwork has been laid through the presence of factors that favor its
occurrence
A. Prepathogenesis
C. Early clinical stage
B. Early Pathogenesis
D. Late clinical stage
Recall
55.
The level of prevention that is aimed at intervening before pathological changes have
begun
during the natural history stage of susceptibility
A. Primary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
D. none of the above
Recall
56.
A pattern of disease occurrence in a community where the greater proportion of the cases
are
subclinical illustrates the
A. Interference phenomenon
C. Berksonian bias
B. Iceberg phenomenon
D. Pearls fallacy
Recall
57.
Certain diseases that do not confer immunity affect all age groups but the incidence rates
are generally among the very young and the very old because
A. they generally are more exposed to such diseases
B. they generally have lower general resistance
C. they have had no experience with such diseases
D. immunization protects them from acquiring the disease
Recall
58.
Diseases which confers long lasting immunity are highest at
39
Recall
59.
The most important personal variable related to disease occurrence is
A. age
C. marital status
B. sex
D. socio-economic status
Recall
60.
Death rates are higher for males than females throughout life and this may be due to the
following
A. sex-linked inheritance
C. differences in hormonal balance
B. environment
D. all of the above
Recall
61.
The M:F ratio for Acute Myocardial Infarction mortality declines by age 40 because
A. females lost the protective hormones
B. females live longer
C. more females than males by this age and after
D. females seek medical care more than the males
Recall
62.
The most direct measure of socio-economic status
A. occupation
C. family income
B. family size
D. area of residence
Recall
63.
Observed differences in disease frequency can be due to errors of measurement in which
of
the following?
A. differences in access to medical care
C. physiologic differences
B. differences in precision of diagnosis
D. A and B only
Recall
64.
In which particular situation will you suspect the disease to be a place disease?
A. The disease has a high occurrence in the native inhabitants but not among the
immigrants.
B. The disease has a high occurrence in both the native inhabitants and the
migrants to the place.
C. The disease will continue to have a high occurrence among the offspring of the native
inhabitants who have migrated out of the area.
D. The disease has a low occurrence among the native inhabitants and a high occurrence
among the migrants.
Recall
65.
In the Philippines, generally, variation in mortality rates between the cities and the
provinces
are due to differences in:
A. genetic susceptibility of the populations
B. exposure to the risk factors
C. availability and accessibility of medical care
D. accuracy and completeness of diagnosis and reporting
Analysis
66.
Which of the following can best explain the higher occurrence of breast cancer
among the second generation Chinese, Japanese and Mexican migrants than the
first generation migrants?
40
A. The second generation migrants lost the protection provided by their genetic make-up.
B. The first generation migrants partly retained their traditional habits and practices.
C. The second generation migrants were exposed to the risk factors for a longer
period
of time.
D. Breast cancer has a long latency period and therefore, would be expressed more in the
second generation migrants.
Recall
67.
High herd resistance to an infectious disease limits the occurrence of the disease
in a community because:
A. It prevents exposure of the population to the disease.
B. It blocks the transmission of the disease.
C. It shortens the transmission time.
D. It reduces the chances of death among the cases.
Recall
68.
Changes in disease frequency usually encompassing several decades are referred to as:
A. Periodic trends
C. cyclic intrinsic variations
B. secular trends
D. cyclic extrinsic fluctuations
Recall
69.
If the line graph of mortality of a particular disease showed an abrupt dip or
decrease, this would most likely be due to:
A. an increase in herd resistance of the population
B. an improvement in diagnostic procedures
C. an improvement in treatment modalities
D. altered procedures in assigning causes of death
Recall
70.
Higher patterns of non-infectious diseases during certain seasons are probably due to
A. accumulation of susceptibles
B. change in the climate facilitating multiplication of disease agent
C. change in climate modifying human activities
E. change in disease reporting
Recall
71.
A Case-report is commonly done for
A. statistical and registration purposes
B. legal purposes
C. documenting an interesting medical oddity
D. generating hypothesis
Recall
72.
Which type of study determines/measures both the exposure or factor and the effect or
outcome at the same time?
A. Case-report study
C. Cross-sectional study
B. Case-series study
D. Ecological study
Analysis
73.
Which of the following study is appropriate if an investigator wants to compare the 2 and
5 years survival rates of leukemia if the subjects are randomly given a certain drug X?
A. Case Series studies
C. Case Control studies
B. Cohort studies
D. Experimental studies
41
Analysis
74.
Which of the following is most appropriate if the objective of the study is to determine if
hypotension increases the chance of fatal outcome in MI patients
A. Case Series studies
C. Case Control studies
B. Cohort studies
D. Experimental studies
Recall
75.
The initial step in the analysis of data in case-control studies is
A. determination of the scale of measurement
B. assessment of the factor
C. computation of the indicators
D. assessment of causality
Recall
76.
The appropriate indicators in Case-control study is
A. the frequency/prevalence of the independent variable in both the cases and
controls
B. the frequency/prevalence of the dependent variable in the exposed and unexposed
groups
C. the measure of risk of occurrence
D. existence of statistical association
Recall
77.
Statistical association found between a factor and disease could be causal if the
association is strong; the strength of association in Case-control studies is measured by
the
A. Relative risk
C. Odds ratio
B. Attributable risk
D. Risk ratio
Recall
78.
Which of the following statements is true about cohort studies?
A. They are also called prevalence studies.
B. Subjects are chosen on the basis of whether they have the outcome or not.
C. They begin with identification of a risk group.
D. Actual risk of the outcome cannot be determined using cohort studies.
Recall
79.
Which is an advantage of a concurrent over a non-concurrent cohort study?
A. smaller sample size
C. less biases
B. shorter follow-up period
D. direct measurement of outcome
Recall
80.
A requirement for validity of cohort studies is that:
A. subjects should be representative of target population.
B. exposure variable should be randomly distributed between the study groups.
C. study groups should be similar in all respects except for the exposure.
D. investigator should be blinded to eliminate bias.
Recall
81.
A variable other than the one under investigation which may be associated with
both the factor and the outcome and thus may produce a spurious association is called
a/an:
A. independent variable
C. confounding variable
B. dependent variable
D. misclassification variable
Recall
82.
Which of the following is not a requirement of a descriptive study?
42
A.
B.
C.
D.
Recall
83.
Which of the following is TRUE with regards to the subjects of an Experimental study?
A. Sample representative of target population
B. well and diseased persons can included in the sample in a trial of preventive measure
C. diseased persons can be the study population in a curative trial
D. all of the above
Recall
84.
Which of the following is a strength of Experimental study?
A. appropriate for diseases with low or rare occurrence
B. can study multiple effect of a single exposure
C. allows artificial manipulation of the study factors
D. all of the above
Recall
85.
Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. Blinding aim to eliminate the effects of intervention
B. Placebo administration aim to eliminate the effects of unintended factors
C. Both blinding and Placebo administration aim to eliminate the effects of intervention
D. Both blinding and Placebo administration aim to eliminate the effects of intended
factors
Recall
86.
The strongest of all research study is:
A. Uncontrolled Trial
B. Parallel Controlled Trial
C. Cross-Over Trial
D. Quasi-experiment
Recall
87.
In an experimental study, if groups show dissimilarity, adjustments should be done in the:
A. Measurement of baseline variable
C. measurement of outcome variable
B. Application of treatment
D. analysis of data
Recall
88.
Which of the following is most vulnerable to Hawthorne effect?
A. Parallel controlled trial
C. Uncontrolled trial
B. Cross-over trial
D. None of the above
Recall
89.
Which of the following trial should be use to determine the effectiveness of a health
program?
A. Community trial
C. Therapeutic trial
B. Clinical trial
D. Prophylactic trial
Recall
90.
Dengue is currently occurring in epidemic proportion in several areas in the country
because
A. the existing strain of the disease agent has become more virulent
B. a new strain of the disease agent has been introduced
C. of increased opportunities for transmission
D. of inadequacy of health services
43
Recall
92.
To establish the existence of an outbreak/epidemic, which of the following should be
done?
A. construct the epidemic curve
B. determine the onset of the epidemic
C. compare the present incidence with the normal expectancy
D. compute and compare the attack rate
Recall
93.
Reducing or exhausting the susceptibles in the area to prevent new cases from developing
would be accomplished if
A. they are quarantined
B. they are attacked by the disease
C. the cases are isolated
D. the cases are adequately treated
Recall
94.
If quarantine is necessary to contain an outbreak/epidemic, who of the following should
be
quarantined?
A. Cases
C. contacts
B. Carriers
D. suspects
Recall
95.
Which type of study is generally utilized in investigating outbreak/epidemics?
A. case series
C. cohort
B. case-control
D. interventional
Recall
96.
The initial step in planning for data collection is:
A. Determine the research objectives
C. Specify source of data
B. Identify the data to be collected
D. Choose the appropriate method
Recall
97.
Planning for data collection is based on the:
A. research objectives
C. number of subjects
B. data to be collected
D. time for data collection
Recall
98.
The main consideration in the choice of the method of data collection is the:
A. ability of the method to yield measurements or values that is closest to the true
value
B. availability of resources for data collection
C. acceptability of the method to the subjects
D. ability of the method to achieve good coverage of the study population
Recall
99.
The probability that a test will declare positive those who have the disease is:
A. sensitivity
C. positive predictive value
B. specificity
D. positive likelihood ratio
Recall
100. Characteristic of selection of appropriate and adequate subjects includes:
A. A vital stage in any research activity.
B. Begins with determination of suitable reference or target population and ends with
response of the selected persons to the invitation to join the study.
C. It influences the validity of the study.
44
45
A___15. Which of the following is the real primary target of National Immunization Day?
A. Poliomyelitis
B. Tuberculosis
C. Measles
D. Diptheria, pertussis, tetanus
D___16 The main goal of the countrys CARI program is:
A. Early detection of pneumonia cases
B. Prompt treatment of Pneumonia cases
C. Efficient clinical assessment and management of Pneumonia cases
D. Reduction of Pneumonia deaths
A__ 17. To lessen mortality from pneumonia, the CARI program endorses:
A. early diagnosis of pneumonia cases
B. hospital admission of all patients with pneumonia
C. giving oral antibiotics to all children with cough and colds
D. influenza immunization
C___18. With the emergence of cardiovascular as the leading cause of mortality, DOH
formulated the National Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control
Program aimed primarily to:
A. identify high risk individuals
B. treat all identified cases of cardiovascular disease
C. promote healthy lifestyle
D. promote the use of indigenous drugs to treat cases
D__19. Inaccessibility to health care in the Philippines is mostly due to:
A. migration of doctors to other countries
B. lack of health centers and barangay health stations
46
C. lack of nurses
D. most hospitals, health care facilities and doctors are urban based
B___20. Increased prevalence rate is seen in:
A. increasing population
B. increased survival
C. increased incidence
D. epidemics
B___21. A stage in the Family Life Cycle where parents and grandparents are
encountering crisis as well:
A. Launching
B. Family in later years
C. Family with adolescents
D. Family with young children
A.__22. An example of primary prevention is:
A. Measles immunization
B. self examination of the breast for tumors
C. smoking cessation after a heart attack
D. cervical cytology screening
B__ 24. Births in the Philippines are registered in the municipality or city :
A. where the infants parents live
B. where the infant was born
C. of the parents choice
D. listed as the familys permanent residence
C __25. The cause of death coded for the purpose of tabulating mortality statistics is:
A. Immediate cause of death
B. intermediate cause of death
C. underlying cause of death
D. antecedent cause of death
B__26 . The registration of death in the Philippines as specified by law must be done
not later than:
A. 24 hours after death
B. 48 hours after death
C. 2 weeks after death
D. 30 days after death
C__27.
A.
B.
C.
D.
A__28 Accumulation of this metal in organs and tissues of humans has been linked to
brain damage:
A. mercury
B. aluminum
C. lead
D. silver
B__ 29 This CFC offender is ozone safe and does not contain chlorine:
A. HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbons)
B. HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons)
C. Hydrocarbons
D. Chlorofluorocarbons
47
B__ .30. Method of food preservation which prevents multiplication of bacteria without
destroying them:
A. preserving
B. refrigeration
C. fermentation
D. pickling
C__31 . Most important test to determine if the water is potentially dangerous:
A. physical examination
B. biological examination
C. bacteriological examination
D. chemical examination
B___32. The coliform count from a well is 35/100 cc. The treatment required is:
A. Rejection of sources
B. Standard treatment
C. Double treatment
D. Triple treatment
A___33. Milk is best preserved by this method:
A. Sterilization
B. Boiling
C. Freezing
D. Adding sodium benzoate
C___34. Of the following devices for excreta disposal, the most dangerous in
contaminating ground water is:
A. Chemical privy
B. Pail system
C. Bored hole latrine
D. Septic tank
B___35 The concentration of which of the following greenhouse gases is affected by
deforestation
A. Water vapor
Chlorofluorocarbons
C. Methane
D. Nitrous oxide
B.
B___36. Formation of sticky precipitates of soap with water indicates that the water is:
A. Polluted
B. Hard
C. Contaminated
D. Soft
D___37. Increase in which of the following in drinking water is associated with
Alzheimers disease
A. Antimony
B. Zinc
C. Silver
D. Aluminum
B___38. Dissolved gases and odors in water are removed by:
A. Filtration
C. Sedimentation
B. Aeration
D. Coagulation
D___39. Chlorination of water is directed towards:
A. Bad taste
C. Turbidity
B. Odor
D. Bacteria
48
B___ 40. The recommendedl refuse disposal method for hospital is:
A. Dumping
B. Incineration
C. Recycling
D. Composting
A___41. The cheapest and most frequently used refuse disposal in the community
but can result to water and air pollution is:
A. Dumping
B. Sanitary landfill
C. Incineration]
D. Reduction and salvage
C__42.
A.
B.
C.
D.
49
D. immunization protocol
C___50. In community health planning, the BEST people to identify and prioritize
problems are the:
A. Community doctors
D. Social worker
B. Volunteer health workers
E. Nurses/midwives
C. Community people themselves
C__51. Recognition of each ones roles and functions in a multidisciplinary team is
A. Comprehensive
B. Continuous
C. Teamwork
D. Coordinated
B__52. In a planning cycle, analysis of why programs and projects fail is:
A. Situational analysis
B. Evaluation
C. Impact analysis
D. planning
A__53. With the implementation of the Local Government Code, municipal and city
health services are placed under the supervision of the:
A. City and municipal mayors
B. Doctors of district hospitals
B. DOH
C. PGH
D__54. Which of the following will make a country a priority for international aid?
A. IMR of 5/1000 livebirths
B. IMR of 15/1000 livebirths
C. IMR of 20/1000 livebirths
D. IMR of 50/1000 livebirths
B__55. The ideal denominator for Maternal Mortality Rate but cannot be used :
A. Total livebirths
B. Number of pregnant women
C. Total births
D. Midyear population
A__56. Most commonly used index of fertility:
A. Crude Birth Rate
B. General Fertility Rate
C. Age Specific Birth Rate
D. Total Fertility Rate
C__57. Regarding exposure and outcome a relative risk of 15 for a certain disease
means:
A. Non causal association
B. Beneficial association
C. Harmful association
D. Definite causal association
50
D. good nutrition
be:
Every month
Every 6 months
Every year
Whenever convenient
A__61. For high risk elderly women Paps smear should be done:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Annually
Every 2 years
Every 3 years
Every 5 years
C__62. The earliest reliable predictor of pneumonia in the CARI Program is:
A. cyanosis
B. chest indrawing
C. tachypnea
D. lethargy
B__63.
A.
B.
C.
D.
C__64. In the CARI Program the diagnosis for a 6-month old child with RR = 60/min,
Chest , indrawing, intercostal and subcostal retraction but without cyanosis
A. No pneumonia
B. Pneumonia
C. Severe pneumonia
D. Very severe pneumonia
A__ 65. The first line of antibiotic regimen under the CARI Program:
A. oral Co-trimoxazole
B. procaine penicillin
C. chloramphenicol
D. gentamicin
B__66 So that an epidemic of chicken pox will not occur the best control measure is:
a. quarantine of cases
b. isolation of cases
c. control of animal reservoir
d. surveillance of cases
D__67.
A.
B.
C.
D.
A. environmental sanitation
B. oral rehydration therapy with ORESOL
C. public education
D. immunization
51
D. somnolence
D__70. Primary reason for inclusion of glucose in oral rehydration solution:
A. as a source of calorie
B. for palatability
C. to increase the nutritive value
D. to help in the absorption of sodium
B__71. A. proportionate Mortality indicator:
A. Age-sex specific death rate
B. Swaroops index
C. Infant Mortality Rate
D. Neonatal Mortality Rate
B__73. The most accurate relative risk is the one established in:
A. case-control study
B. cohort prospective
C. cohort retrospective
D. cross-sectional study
E. all of the above
D. cohort
E. experimental
52
C__78. The most important thing to consider in the selection of cases in a case-control
study:
A.
B.
C.
D.
D__81. The study design where the investigator has control over the conditions of the
study:
A.
B.
C.
D.
cross-sectional
case-control
cohort
experimental
53
B__ 84. The probability sampling method that assures adequate representation of
minority sub-groups
A. Systematic sampling
B. Stratified sampling
C. Cluster sampling
D. Simple random sampling
:
C__85. Management of infants with diarrhea under the CDD Program
A. Rest the stomach by fasting for a day
B. Shift from breastfeeding to lactose free formula
C. Add vegetable oil to food
D. Start co-trimoxazole after 6 episodes of diarrhea
D__86.
A.
B.
C.
D.
B__ 87.The most common complication associated with BCG vaccination is:
convulsion
suppurative lymphadenitis
encephalitis
reactivation of TB
B__ 88.The management for an infant who developed a 10 mm red, tender swelling at
the BCG site is:
A. application of topical antibiotic on the swelling
B. assurance of the mother that no treatment is needed
C. application of pulverized INH on the swelling
D. prophylactic INH at 10 mg/kg/day
C__89. Occurrence of a group of illness of similar nature clearly in excess of normal
expectancy;
A. Holoendemic
B. Hyperendemic
C. Epidemic
D. Pandemic
C__90 The rate used as an indicator of an outbreak or an epidemic:
A. Morbidity rate
B. Case fatality rate
C. Incidence rate
D. Prevalence rate
A__91. A graphical presentation of data most useful in locating cases during an
epidemic:
A. Spot map
B. Pictograph
C. Scatter diagram
D. Histogram
relative
absolute
attributable
odds ratio
54
D. odds ratio
B__94. Randomized control trial means:
A. randomization was used and there is a control group
B. randomization was used, there is a control group and conditions are controlled by
the investigator
C. randomization was used, there is a control group and the study is blinded
D. randomization was used, there is a control group, the study is double blinded
D__95. Cross-over trial means:
A. with separate comparison groups
B. with separate control groups
C. no control group
D. subject and control are the same persons
D__96. To encourage community participation, the local doctor should do the following:
A. invite people from civic organizations
B. refer to specialist if the need arises
C. encourage sponsorship of programs
D. listen when people relate their problems
B__97. In the Philippines, the age range most infected with HIV is:
A. 15 24 years old
B. 25 39 years old
C. 35 - 44 years old
D. 45 55 years old
B__98. The most important mission of the Department of Health
A. Promote healthy lifestyle
B. Ensure accessibility and quality of health care
C. Reduce morbidity and mortality
D. Improve the general health status of the people
C__99. Which diagnostic test is constantly reviewed in the National TB program?
A. Bronchoscopy
B. Chest x-ray
C. Sputum culture
D. Tuberculin skin test
C__100. If a pregnant woman received 3 doses of Tetanus Toxoid she will have an
immunity against tetanus for how many years?
A. 3 years
B. 5 years
C. 10 years
D. 15 years
C__101. The mother of a 5-month old infant claimed that her baby had received
complete immunization for his age. One can assume that the baby has already
:received:
A. BCG and measles vaccine
B. BCG, 3 doses of OPV and 1 measles vaccine
C. BCG and 2 doses of DPT vaccine
D. BCG, 3 doses of OPV, DPT, Hepatitis B vaccine, 1 measle4s vaccine
55
A.
B.
C.
D.
community participation
infrastructure development and modernization
emphasis on curative medical care
training of health professionals
3. People empowerment in primary health care is brought about through this means:
A. volunteerism among the target population
B. hiring and employment of community health workers
C. community organization process
D. endorsement from church and political community leaders
4. This type of health program allows maximum room for community participation and
empowerment:
A. hospital based program
B. community oriented health program
C. community managed health program
D. community-based health program
5. The basic foundation of the community based and managed health program is:
A. team approach
B. health human rights
C. equality and justice
D. community organization
6. The main case finding strategy advocated in the National Tuberculosis Program is:
A. chest radiography
B. sputum microscopy
C. DOTS
D. Mantoux test
7. Based on the national Malaria control program, the currently recommended principal
measure directed against the mosquito vectors in Malaria is:
A. biologic vector control
B. residual spraying with DDT
C. use of chemical impregnated mosquito nets
D. sterilization of male mosquitoes
8. The Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) requires the delivery of the
following service(s) for a child who visit a physicians clinic for any health related
problems:
A. routine immunization
B. breastfeeding education for the mother
C. proper and adequate nutrition counseling
D. all of the above
9. The most cost effective preventive measure for the control of cardiovascular diseases:
A. CVD screening using ECG
B. environmental cleanliness
C. primordial prevention of CVD risk factor
D. genetic counseling
10. This is an essential health service that is available, accessible and affordable by the community:
A. social care
B. preventive medicine
C. medical care
D. primary health care
11.
The following level of health care does NOT belong to primary level:
56
A.
B.
C.
D.
12. Which of the following measures has the greatest impact on community health?
A. provision of social services
B. provision of potable water supply
C. immunization
D. medical care of the sick
13. The health status of a community may be measured or expressed in terms of:
A. availability and utilization of health care services
B. availability of public utilities
C. its statistical indices of morbidity and mortality
D. all of the above
14. Community planning should start with:
A. formation of objectives
B. identification of roles and their relationships
C. educational analysis
D. determination of resources
15. The local health department is usually associated with this type of health care planning:
A. morbidity planning
B. population-based planning
C. institution-based planning
D. financial planning
16. The prime yardstick of child health level in the community is
A. infant and child mortality rate
B. number of live births
C. number of preschool children
D. number of health centers
57
A.
B.
C.
D.
23. Which of the following is NOT included in the essential health service of Primary Health Care?
A. immunization against the major infectious disease
B. provision of free drugs
C. provision of safe water and basic sanitation
D. appropriate treatment of all existing diseases
24. Medicare benefits include:
A. psychiatry
B. surgery
C. optometry
D. diagnostic tests
25. Under Medicare and most hospitals, the anesthesiologist's fee should NOT exceed _____% of the allowable
surgeons' fee:
A. 10%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 20%
26. The 1995 National Health Insurance Program covers the:
A. government employees only
B. indigent patients only
C. all Filipino citizens
D. unemployed citizens
27. BCG vaccine is given according to the Expanded Program on Immunization of the Philippines, at what age?
A. 3 months
B. 6 months
C. at birth
D. 9 months
28. Control TB infectivity is best achieved by:
A. isolation
B. personal hygiene and cleanliness
C. prompt specific drug treatment
D. education
29. The Department of Health currently recommends the most effective mode of anti-TB treatment by:
A. two-week monitoring
B. directly observed therapy
C. home visits
D. health center based follow-up
30. During a diarrhea bout, breastfeeding of this infant should be
A. stopped and substitute with a lactose-free formula
B. temporarily discontinued
C. given more often
D. limited
31. A program in the control of communicable diarrheal diseases by the Department of Health:
A. hydrotherapy
B. oresol therapy
C. physiotherapy
D. use of intravenous fluids
32. Screening of children has been proven cost-effective for all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. hypertension
B. iron-deficiency anemia
C. vision impairment
D. tuberculosis
33. The Civil registry Law includes the registration of
A. Births and marriages
58
59
B. 10 weeks
C. 6 weeks
D. 12 weeks
45. An example of artificial active immunity is one that is derived from
A. giving of gamma globulin
B. vaccination
C. actual illness
D. transplacental passage of antibodies
46. Controlled studies mean
A. An experiment is being done
B. There is a comparison group
C. the characteristics of the participants are all the same
D. a group is not to be given the experimental procedure
47. A study was done to prove that co-trimoxazole is more effective than other drugs in treating respiratory tract
infections in ambulatory patients in a community. The suitable control group will receive
A. Another drug for respiratory infections
B. The standard drug for treating respiratory infections
C. another experimental drug for respiratory infection
D. a placebo
48. A comparison or control groups is NOT necessary in
A. Prospective studies
B. Retrospective studies
C. experimental studies
D. descriptive studies
49. Results are generalized to a comparable population
A. Internal validity
B. External validity
C. bias
D. confounders
50. Double blind determination of the exposure and outcome is for the purpose of
A. Reducing the effects of losses to follow up
B. Reducing the effects of sampling variation
C. achieving comparability of cases and controls
D. avoiding observer and subject bias
51.
Describes the distribution of cases by the variables of person, time, and place in order to study and explain
acute outbreaks of disease and to develop hypothesis about disease transmission:
A. Case control studies
B. Analytic studies
C. descriptive studies
D. Experimental studies
52.
Descriptive studies do
A. Draw inferences about cause and effect
B. Predict outcome
C. not have a sample size estimation
D. not require a hypothesis
53.
54.
A study comparing the prevalence of hepatitis B infection among government and private hospitals falls
under
A. Descriptive study
B. Cohort study
C. case-control
D. cross-sectional
60
55.
A well-defined group of people who have had a common experience or exposure who are then followed up
for the incidence of new diseases or events is a
A. Variable
B. Sample
C. Case
D. Cohort
56.
57.
A study is planned to determine if there are more users of oral contraceptives among patients with
thrombophlebitis than among well persons. To achieve the objective, which of the following type of studies
is most appropriate?
A. Clinical
B. Descriptive
C. concurrent cohort
D. case control
58.
In a cohort study of the association of leukemia with x-ray exposure, the relative risk was found to be 3.
What does this mean?
A. Those with x-ray exposure have threefold probability of developing leukemia
B. X-ray exposure protects the person from developing leukemia
C. there is no association between leukemia and x-ray exposure
D. none of the above
59.
Which of the following study designs most appropriately illustrates this case history: A total of 200 newly
diagnosed patients with endometrial cancer are allocated to treatment with either surgical removal alone or
surgical removal plus radiation treatment
A. Clinical trial
B. Case-control study
C. case series report
D. cohort study
60.
The observational study in which subjects are sampled based on the presence or absence of a risk factor of
interest. These subjects are followed over time for the development of a disease outcome
A. Case-control study
B. Ecologic study
C. cohort study
D. cross-sectional study
61.
62.
"In a frequency distribution, the value that divides the observed values into two parts is the
A. median and mode
B. median
C. mean
D. mode
63.
If there is an inherent order or progression among categories, they are said to be measure by:
A. numerical scale
B. nominal scale
C. discrete scale
D. ordinal scale
64.
To represent the trend over time in crude birth rate and crude death rate in a given province, the best graph to
use is a:
A. bar
B. histogram
C. line diagram
D. frequency polygon
61
65.
The rate that measures the probability of a person dying in a year regardless of age, sex, race, etc is:
A. case fatality rate
B. neonatal mortality rate
C. crude death rate
D. specific death rate
66.
The following indices use the midyear population as the denominator, EXCEPT:
A. crude birth rate
B. measles incidence rate
C. crude death rate
D. proportionate mortality rate
62
d.
84.In the most part of the world, vector control is largely through:
a. genetic manipulation of vectors
b. modifying the environment of vectors
c. use of chemical pesticides
d. extensive public health education
85.The probability that a person has the disease given a positive test result is:
a. negative predictive value of the test
b. sensitivity of the test
c. specificity of the test
d. positive predictive value of the test
86. A physician wants to determine the prevalence of parasitism among school children in an
urban area. There is great variability in the economic status in that locality. On one hand, most
children in private schools come from affluent families, and on the other hand, most children
from public schools come from poor families. The most appropriate type of sampling
methodology to use in this situation is:
A. simple random sampling
C. stratified random sampling
B. systematic sampling
D. multi-stage sampling
87. Philhealth benefits vary according to the following except:
A. Relative unit value of surgery
B. Actual cost of care
C. Type of hospital
D. Type of physician
88. One can be reasonably sure that the hypothesized cause preceded the occurrence of the
disease and that disease status did not differentially influence the selection of subjects by study
factor level in a:
A. Cross-sectional study
C. Case-control using prevalent cases
B. Cohort study
D. Experimental study design
89. The following method of data analysis is most relevant for the cohort study design:
A. Prevalence odds ratio
B. Prevalence rate
C. Odds ratio
D. Relative risk
90. This is a sampling method wherein every subject falling within a fixed sampling interval
is obtained from a population N which is arranged in some definite way:
A. Simple random sampling
63
B. Systematic sampling
C. Stratified sampling
D. Cluster sampling
91. When a researcher wants to test for the association between two categorical variables, the
appropriate statistic to use is:
a. Chi square
b. T test
c. Analysis of variance
d. Correlation coefficient
93. The rate that measures the probability of a person dying in a year regardless of age, sex,
race, etc is:
A. case fatality rate
B. neonatal mortality rate
B. Self-administered questionnaire
C. Observation
D. Review of documents
95. Used to describe the relative importance of different fatal disease in the population of
different age, sex, occupation etc.
64
b. Rainwater
c. Surface water
d. Brackish water
100. The primary disinfectant in water treatment:
a. Fluorine
b. Chlorine
c. Aluminum sulfate
d. Ferric sulfate
SOURCES:
Beaglehole, Bonita, Kjellstrom; BASIC EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDENTS TEXT, World
Health Organization, July 1990
Clark, D., MacMahon, B: PREVENTIVE AND COMMUNITY MEDICINE, 2ND ed 1981
DOH Health Programs Manual
Gupta, M.; Mahajan, B: TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE, 3rd ed
2003
Jekel, Elmore & Katz; EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOSTATISTICS AND PREVENTIVE
MEDICINE, 1996
Kuzma, Bohnenblust; BASIC STATISTICS FOR THE HEALTH SCIENCES 4th ed.,
McGraw-Hill 2001
Last, J; Wallace, R; PUBLIC HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, 13th ed, 1992
Philhealth Manual
Sanchez, Morelos, Baltazar, Peralta; RESEARCH METHODS IN HEALTH AND
MEDICINE, Vol. 1 Planning Research (3rd ed.) Philippine Council for Health Research and
Development 1996
Jmn/uermpcmexam questions for apmc may 4 2007
1. This is a branch of medicine that deals with provision of comprehensive health care to
people regardless of age or sex:
A. Public Health
B. Community Medicine
C. Preventive Medicine
D. Family Medicine
Answer: D Proceedings of the Orientation Course in Family Medicine p. 8
3. This is the branch of medicine that deals with the study of the causes, distribution, and control
of disease in populations:
A. Family Medicine
B. Preventive Medicine
C. Epidemiology
65
D. Public Health
Answer: C Epidemiology by Leon Gordis p. 2
4. Which of the following is an example of chemoprophylaxis for newborns?
A. Varicella vaccine
B. Erythromycin ointment
C. Folic acid
D. BCG
Answer: B Family Medicine Ambulatory Care and Prevention by Mengel et. al p. 736
5. Dr. Hook wants all of his children and their respective families to live with him and his wife
until the time of his death. This is an example of what family structure?
A. Nuclear
B. Extended
C. Single Parent
D. Blended
Answer: B Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine pp. 14-15
6. The stepfather and half-brother of Keanna lives with her and her mother. This is an example of
what family structure?
A. Nuclear
B. Extended
C. Single Parent
D. Blended
Answer: D - Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine pp. 14-15
7. The family life cycle starts with this stage:
A. Newly Married Couple
B. Family With Young Children
C. Unattached Young Adult
D. Family With Adolescents
Answer C: Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 18
8. In the family APGAR, resolve is elicited by
A. asking if the family supports the patient in his desire for progress
B. looking into patient's desire to openly communicate problems with the family
C. Asking if the patient feels loved by family members
D. inquiring if the patient is given adequate time by the members of the family
Answer D: Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 41
9. Which of the following does not describe the CURRENT state of the Philippine health
situation?
A. Double burden of disease
B. Continuing threat from emerging and resurgent diseases
C. Highly centralized health care system
D. Large variations in health status across population and socioeconomic groups
Answer C: Filipino Report Card on Health, Social Weather Stations Survey 2000
11. A score of 8 on the family APGAR indicates:
A. A highly functional family
66
16. You should use an 'arrow' symbol in your patient's genogram to signify:
A. The index patient
B. The head of the family
C. Death in the family
D. Provider of the family
Answer A - Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 36
17. Stage in the illness trajectory experienced by the patient and family members prior to contact
with medical care providers
A. Onset of illness
B. Impact Phase
C. Major therapeutic efforts
D. Early adjustment to outcomes
Answer A - Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 29
18. The most catastrophic form of Cerebrovascular Accident
A. Lacunar
B. Thromoboembolic
C. Hemorrhagic
D. Transient ischemic attack
Answer C Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine 14th ed. P. 2342
19. Chronic bronchitis is a disorder in which productive cough is present in most days
A. for at least 2 months of the year, for more than 3 consecutive years
B. for at least 3 months of the year, for more than 2 consecutive years
C. for at least 2 months of the year, for more than 2 consecutive years
D. for at least 3 months of the year, for more than 3 consecutive years
Answer B - Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine 14th ed p. 1451
67
68
B. Fractional integer
C. Frequency distribution
D. Quartile deviation
Answer A - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 189
28. All of the following are true of the normal distribution EXCEPT:
A. It is symmetrical about the mean
B. It is completely determined by 2 parameters: the mean and the standard deviation
C. It has different values for the mean, median, and the mode
D. It has long tapering tails that extend infinitely in either direction without touching the X
axis
Answer C Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al pp.
208-209
29. The weight of Filipino babies at birth was measured and found to have a mean of 2500 grams
and a standard deviation of 300 grams. Which of the following statements is true?
A. 68.5% of the babies would have a weight ranging from 2200 to 2500 grams
B. 95% of the babies would have a weight ranging from 1900 to 3100 grams
C. 99.7% of Filipino babies would have a weight between 2200 and 2800 grams
D. All of the babies measured will have a weight between 2200 and 2500 grams
Answer B - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 211
30. Which of the following measures central of tendency will have the highest value in a
distribution that is skewed to the left?
A. Average
B. Mean
C. Median
D. Mode
Answer D - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 179
31.First step in a research process
a. Introduction
b. Research objective
c. Hypothesis
d. Conceptual definition
e. Research problem
Answer C- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.33
32.The frequency distribution of the sample mean that is generated by performing
repeated sampling and obtaining the mean from each sample is called
a. Sampling distribution
b. Percentage tabulation
c. Frequency tabulation
d. None of the above
Answer A- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.21
33.This refers to a statement about the value of a population parameter which is either rejected or
not rejected in hypothesis testing
a. Research question
b. Null hypothesis
c. Alternative hypothesis
d. Statistical decision
Answer B- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.33
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34.The test statistic that is used to compare the proportions of three different groups is
a.
b.
c.
d.
z-test
t-test
Chi-square test
Linear regression
Null hypothesis
Alternative hypothesis
Statistical decision
Research synthesis
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42.The cumulative incidence of the disease when the duration of a disease is short and the
observation period covers an entire epidemic:
a. Case fatality rate
C. Mortality rate
b.Attack rate
D. Morbidity rate
Answer B- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.70
43..An individual who has contact with or who manifests the risk factor prior to becoming ill:
a.Exposed
C. Infected
b.Inflicted
D. Well
Answer A- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.72
44.The infant mortality rate of a country in a given year is 45.1 per year per 1000 live birth
means:
a.45.1 infants died before reaching their first birthday
b.45.1% of all deaths occurred in infants below one year
c.45.1 infants died before reaching their first birthday per 1000
live births
d.45.1 infants per 1000 of the population died
Answer A- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.72
45.An extraneous variable is called
a. Independent variable
b.Confounding variable
c.Dependent variable
d.Exposure variable
Answer B- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.60
46. . Performance of new born screening should be done :
A. 24 hours after birth but not more than one week
B. 24 hours after birth but not more than five days
C. 24 hours after birth but not more than three days
D. anytime after birth
E. none of the above
Ans. C- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
47.The variable assumed to influence the problem
a.Independent variable
b.Confounding variable
c,Dependent variable
d.Continuous variable
Answer B- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.58
48. Newborn Screening Act of 2004 is also known as:
A. RA 9288
B. RA 9388
C. RA 9287
D. RA 9387
Ans. A- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
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49.. Penalties imposed in on individuals who violate the clean air act are the following except:
A. first offense one thousand pesos
B. second offense not less than two thousand pesos but not more than four thousand
C. third offense suspension of drivers license
D. fourth offense imprisonment of three months
Ans. D- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
50.The assumption of the relation between two variables to be studied
a. Introduction
b.Research objective
c.Hypothesis
d.Conceptual definition
e. Research problem
Answer C- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.33
51. An Act which was design to promote corneal transplantation in the country:
A. Corneal Transplant ACT
B. Organ Transplantation ACT of 1998
C. Enacted on February 20,1995
D. Enacted on May 20,1995
Ans. C- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
52. A study that describes an interesting or unusual condition in a group of patients
A. Case report
B. Ecological study
C. Cross-sectional study
D. Case control study
E. Case series
Answer E- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.64
53.Recall bias is a common problem in what type of study
a. Case report
b. Ecological study
c. Cross-sectional study
d. Case control study
e. Cohort study
Answer D- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.63
54. A study that establishes the association between risk factor and outcome variable
a.Case report
b.Ecological study
c.Cross-sectional study
d.Case control study
e.Cohort study
Answer E- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.62
55.In epidemiologic studies, the identification of causal factors is based on the experience of
a.An individual
b.A group of individuals
c. Experimentation
d. None of the above
Answer B- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.68
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56.This refers to statistical procedures that allow valid generalization of results from a sample to
the population it is supposed to represent
a.Statistical Association
b.Causal Association
c.Descriptive statistics
d.Statistical inference
Answer d- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.1
57.When one sets of the maximum probability of making an error of rejecting the null hypothesis
when it is true, he is specifying the
a.Critical region
b.Statistical test
c.Level of Significance
d.Power
Answer C- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.34
58.In statistical inference, this term refers to the total collection of elements of interest
a.Population
b.Sample
c.Parameter
d.Statistic
Answer a Answer d- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.1- High-Yield
Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.1
59.This refers to the procedures in assessing evidence from a sample, whether or not the data
from the sample supports a hypothesis about a population
a.Statistical inference
b.Estimation
c.Hypothesis testing
d.Descriptive statistics
Answer c- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.33
60.In a sample of 500 Grade I children examined, 450 were found to have dental caries. The
proportion 90% computed by dividing 450 by 500 is an example of
a.Population
b.Sample
c.Parameter
d.Statistic
e. unskilled workers
Answer d- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.21
61.Double burden of disease means
a. While the patient has to suffer the physiologic effects of an illness, he also has to
contend with its psychological and economic impact
b. While infectious diseases of poverty still abound, degenerative illnesses are
on the rise.
c. The top causes of morbidity always comes in a pair of related illnesses
d. An infectious disease may be aggravated by a concomitant degenerative illness.
Ans. B- Annual Report of the Field Health Service Information System pp 113-122 . Sec.
Francisco Duque III
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64.Which of the following does not describe the CURRENT state of the Philippine health
situation?
a.Double burden of disease
b.Continuing threat from emerging and resurgent diseases
c.Highly centralized health care system
d.Large variations in health status across population and socioeconomic groups
e.Health status generally improving but at a slower rate compared to neighboring
Asian countries
Ans. C- Annual Report of the Field Health Service Information System pp 113-122 . Sec.
Francisco Duque III
65.In relation to the preceding question, which agency takes the principal responsibility for
primary health care and service delivery at the community level as accorded by law?
a.Local Government Chief Executives (like the Mayor, Governors)
b.The Department of Health Secretary
c.The President of the Republic
d.The Doctors and midwives in the community
Ans. D- Annual Report of the Field Health Service Information System pp 113-122 . Sec.
Francisco Duque III
66.After infancy, this is the most common cause of disease and deaths for young children,
especially below 5 years of age
a.Immunizable Infectious disease
b.Degenerative diseases
c.Emerging diseases like Avian Flu
d.Malnutrition
Ans. D- Annual Report of the Field Health Service Information System pp 113-122 . Sec.
Francisco Duque III
67. RA 7883 is also known as:
A. Medical workers benefits and compensation act
B. Barangay Health Workers Incentives and Benefits Act of 1995
C. Barangay Health Workers Benefits Act of 2003
D. Voluntary Blood Donation Act of 2002
Ans. B- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
68. Hospital Licensure Act, which requires that all hospitals be licensed is also known as:
A. RA 4226
B. RA 2426
C. RA 2264
D. RA 1235
Ans. A- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
69. The National Blood Services Act was enacted into law in:
A. 1996
B. 1995
C. 2000
D. 1994
Ans. D- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
70. An Act establishing Philhealth is also known as:
A. Philippine Health Insurance Act of 1995
B. National Health Insurance Act of 1995
C. National blood donation Act of 1995
D. Philippine Health Insurance and Benefits Act of 1995
74
Ans. D- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
71. Traditional and Alternative medicine act of 1997 established this to promote traditional and
alternative medicine.
A. TAMATH
B. PATIHC
C. PITAHC
D. TAMHC
Ans. C- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
72. TAMA was established in:
A. June 28, 1997
B. August 28,1996
C. September 30,1998
D. July 28, 1997
Ans. D- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
73. Republic Act 8344 is an amendment to :
A. PB 107
B. PB 239
C. PB 701
D. PB 578
Ans. B- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
73. On of the policies of this Act is to protect the consumer from deceptive, unfair and
unconscionable sales act and practices.
A.RA 7393
B. Consumer Act of the Philippines
C. Both
D. None of the Above
Ans. B- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
74.The level of state involvement is lowest in which policy instrument?
a.Auction of property rights
b.Information and exhortation
c.Subsidy
d.Regulations
75. An Act regulating the packaging, use, sale and distribution of tobacco and other related
products.
A.RA 9211
B. PB 9211
C. tobacco protection act of 2003
D. Tobacco Distribution Act of 2002
Ans. A- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
77. The Magna Carta of Public Health Workers, also known as RA 7305 was enacted on:
A. April 24,1993
B. March 26, 1992
C. April 24, 1994
D. May 1,1993
Ans. B- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
78. To promote and encourage voluntary blood donation is one of the policies of the:
A. Blood Donation Act
B. Organ Donation Act
C. Blood Services Act
D. Organ Services Act
Ans. C- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
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88.When are the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) initially intended to be achieved?
a.Year 1990
b.Year 2000
c.Year 2015
d.Undetermined
Ans. C-HTTP://www.un.org/millenniumgoals
89.Which of the following is not a direct health-related MDGs?
a.Reduce child mortality by two-thirds among children under five
b.Improve maternal health by reducing maternal mortality by three-quarters
c.Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases
d.Achieve universal primary education
Ans. d-HTTP://www.un.org/millenniumgoals
90.Which of the following is not an MDG?
a.Achieve universal primary education
b.Promote gender equality and empower women
c.Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases
d.Achieve Universal health promotion activities
Ans. D-HTTP://www.un.org/millenniumgoals
91.Which approach enumerated below emphasizes the need for community participation in
achieving betterment for health?
a.Primary Care Approach
b.Millennium Development Goals
c.Primary Health Care approach
d.Eradication of Extreme Poverty and Hunger
92.Which approach enumerated below emphasizes the need for investments in health to achieve
national development?
a.Primary Care Approach
b.Millennium Development Goals
c.Primary Health Care approach
d.Eradication of Extreme Poverty and Hunger
Ans. B-HTTP://www.un.org/millenniumgoals
93.Jeffrey Sachs, a Harvard-educated economist, authored the document commissioned by the
World Health Organization (WHO) that eventually established the global funds. The said funds
pooled monetary and various resources together at the global level and earmarked these into
Programs and activities targeted to eradicate debilitating diseases, especially in aid of developing
countries. What is the title of his document?
a.WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health
b.WHO Commission on Health-related Economics
c.Primary Health Care
d.The Commission on the Millennium Development Goals
Ans. A.-MACROECONOMICS AND HEALTH: INVESTING IN HEALTH FOR ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT by Jeffrey Sachs pp 1-17 Executive Summary
94.The MDGs stipulated reductions in maternal and child mortalities by a fraction of a
benchmark value. The MDGs are compared to the situation during which year that served as
benchmark?
c.2015
a.1990
b.2000
d.undetermined
Ans. A.-HTTP://www.un.org/millenniumgoals
95.Which of the following statements is false?
a.The document that served as basis for the MDGs showed evidences between the
links of disease and poverty.
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b.The Alma Ata Declaration is obsolete since it should have been achieved in
the year 2000.
c.The Alma Ata Declaration uses the primary health care approach.
d.The Millennium Development Goals is conceptualized behind the idea that
better health means better productivity and vice-versa.
e.The MDGs push us to achieve better investments for health.
Ans B -Health for all beyond 2000: the demise of the Alma-Ata Declaration and Primary
Health Care in developing countries; John Hall and Richard Taylor entitled "
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Ans C -Health for all beyond 2000: the demise of the Alma-Ata Declaration and Primary
Health Care in developing countries; John Hall and Richard Taylor entitled "
100.According to the WHO, health is defined as:
a..Not merely the absence of disease
b.The absence of infirmity
c.The complete physical, mental and social well-being of a person
d.All of the above
e.None of the above
Ans D-Health for all beyond 2000: the demise of the Alma-Ata Declaration and
Primary Health Care in developing countries; John Hall and Richard Taylor entitled "
1. In what case should a family case conference or meeting be of least help?
B. devolution
C. reorganization
D. restructuring
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D. toxic goiter
17. One of the following medicinal plants contains vinca alkaloids and may be
used as an anticancer agent
A. adelfa
B. aloe vera
C. rosas de baybayon
D. tawa-tawa
18. When garlic is used to lower cholesterol, it should not be
A. broiled
B. soaked in vinegar
C. fried
D. raw
19. Stability of vitamins under refrigeration
A. agent-environment interaction
B. host-environment interaction
C. human host-agent interaction
D. agent-host-environment interaction
20. Second line of defense against disease agents
A. secretions
B. respiratory cilia
C. mucous membranes and nails
D. lymph glands
21. Per single period of confinement a general practitioner will be paid by the
Philhealth
A.
B.
C.
D.
500 pesos/day
150 pesos/day
300 pesos/day
200 pesos/day
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nuclear
extended
blended
communal
coalition
alliance
role selection
boundaries
31. In APGAR, this measures the satisfaction attained in solving problems by the
communicating
A.
B.
C.
D.
Affection
Resolve
Adaptation
Partnership
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32. A mother who insists to accompany her son enrolling in medicine proper
during the routine physical exam in school
A. Triangulation
B. Coalition
C. Disengagement
D. Enmeshment
33. A daughter sides with her mother regarding their problem with the father.
They accuse the father having another woman
A.
B.
C.
D.
coalition
disengagement
triangulation
enmeshment
34. A family with three children ages 9, 10, and 15 living with their
grandparents in the city have adopted a 2-year old boy. The familys APGAR
is 3. This familys function is
A.
B.
C.
D.
normal
mildly dysfunctional
moderately dysfunctional
severely dysfunctional
specific protection
rehabilitation
disability limitation
early diagnosis and prompt treatment
83
A.
B.
C.
D.
sheltered workshop
half-way homes
occupational therapy
improvement in working conditions in dusty industries
41. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment in cancer include the following except
A. Recruitment and training of specialists
B. Self-examination of breast
C. Cancer detection centers
D. Selective examination
42. Ability to stimulate the host to produce agglutinins, opsonins, antitoxins, etc.
A. Pathogenicity
B. Virulence
C. Antigenicity
D. Infectivity
43.Measure of ability of an agent when lodged in the body to set up local or
general tissue reaction
A. Pathogenicity
B. Virulence
C. Infectivity
D. incubation period
44. The most relevant part of the death certificate because it is the one counted
in the statistics since it is the basic condition which began the train of events
which led to death
A. immediate cause of death
B. intervening cause of death
C. intermedial cause of death
D. underlying antecedent cause
45. Which of the following is true regarding physiologic adjustments in
temperature?
A. The percent of the body surface wetted with sweat decreases with the
need to lose heat until maximum sweating occurs.
B. The sweat, which runs off, the body is of great value in removing heat
from the body, since heat is lost only when sweat is evaporated.
C. If the temperature and humidity are both high, the body may be
unable to lose sufficient heat.
D. Men do not voluntarily replace the water lost by sweating; the
sensation thirst is quite adequate.
46. Relation of high temperature and humidity to physical work
A. Muscular work contributes little to the total body heat load than
environmental conditions
B. Rectal temperature is most closely related to the rate of physical
work
C. The capacity of a man to work drops off at high temperature because
of lack of oxygen supply.
D. A marked increase in lactic acid in the blood limits the capacity of man
to work at high temperature.
47. If the body is immersed in cold water, rather than cold air
A. body temperature falls gradually
B. air conducts heat faster than water
C. air has a higher specific heat value
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85
B. laser printers
C. Xerox machines
D. Microwave oven
57. A 20-year-old female in respiratory distress was brought to the emergency
room for intentional ingestion of a poisonous substance. Of the following,
which is the most appropriate thing to do first.
A.
B.
C.
D.
86
66. A 21 year old woman is pregnant with her first child, she had had received 2
doses of DPT when she was a child. How many doses does she need so that
all infants born to her will be protected?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
67. Normal reaction to BCG vaccination are the following except
A. small and tender swelling about 10mm across after 2 weeks
B. swelling became small abscess when vaccinated after 2-3 weeks
C. formation of scar after about 10 weeks
D. acute inflammation reaction appearing 4-2 days of vaccination
68. The separation of infected persons for the period of communicability to
prevent transmission of infectious agent to those who are susceptible is
A. quarantine
B. surveillance
C. isolation
D. herd immunity
69. The prevention transmission of highly contagious or virulent infection that
may be spread by both air and contact is
A. strict isolation
B. contact isolation
C. respiratory isolation
D. drainage precaution
70. These diseases are internationally quarantinable diseases and thus are
labeled as Diseases Under Surveillance by WHO.
A.
B.
C.
D.
72. When shellfish is harvested from a contaminated area, it should purge before
consumption for approximately:
A. 1 day
B. 1 week
C. 2 weeks
D. 2 days
73. One of the neurotoxins found in coal:
A. cadmium
B. chromium
C. manganese
D. arsenic
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and other rodents are the reservoir and source of several diseases of
man except
A.
B.
C.
D.
schistosomiasis
salmonellosis
dengue hemorrhagic fever
plague
absolute quarantine
modified quarantine
isolation
surveillance
88
84. What type of sampling technique is used for Man-in-the-street surveys and
interviews among senior citizens who drop in at a health booth in SM City?
A. simple random
B. systematic
C. haphazard
D. cluster
85. What is the ability of a study to demonstrate an association if one exists?
A. alpha
B. P value
C. power
D. Type II error
86. In contrast to observational studies, experimental research:
A. attempts to describe prevailing trends occurring in a population
B. empirically tests a cause-effect relationship among variables
C. requires two or more population groups in a study
D. identifies risk factors accompanying the independent variable
87. Any of the following may be included as an exposure in health research
except:
A. potential risk factor
B. The outcome being studied
C. The treatment or therapy
D. A health problem
88. The following are impact programs of DOH except
A. soil-transmitted helminthes disease control
B. rabies control
C. malaria control
D. environmental health services
89. Type of outbreak where exposure is brief and all cases develop within one
incubation period of the disease.
A. common source outbreak with intermittent exposure
B. common source outbreak with continuous exposure
C. point source outbreak
D. propagated outbreak
90. A distribution that is negatively skewed hasA. higher frequency on the right
B. higher frequency on the left
C. a flatter distribution than the normal distribution
D. a more peaked distribution than the normal distribution
91. Which has a wider interval?
A. 80% confidence interval
B. 90% confidence interval
C. 95% confidence interval
D. 99% confidence interval
92. Aims to reveal the existing gaps in knowledge regarding the problem being studied
A.
B.
C.
D.
89
0.33
0.50
0.67
1.5
90
91