Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Achieve Success
Will Stringer ACA CTA ICSA
Contents
Contents
1 Preface
Handling subjects
10
Parallel targets
11
12
Methods of revising
14
Gaining performance
15
17
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Contents
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20
11
22
12
23
24
14
26
15
27
15.1
27
15.2
16
360
thinking
360
thinking
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31
360
thinking
Contents
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32
17.1
32
17.2
33
17.3
34
17.4
Rounding off
35
17.5
36
18
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Preface
1 Preface
What follows is written for people who want to succeed at Exam taking and know that they have a fight on their hands.
And that is the first point to make - any Exam is a fight of wills, a struggle between you and the people who set the Exams.
That fight takes place each time you take an Exam. It is very important therefore to be at your peak of fitness then, not
before not after.
Fitness is
Knowing what you need to know
Knowing how to answer the Examiners questions
Having a positive attitude (I can win I will win),and
Physically being fit to sit and concentrate for the length of time any Exam paper lasts.
In the 1980s I stayed at a Hotel in Tarifa- Spain. Tarifa is along the coast from Gibraltar and famous for windsurfing. I like
to play tennis too and soon made friends with Tim then a student doctor from a Germany university and a key member of
their tennis team and also for those holidays the hotels tennis coach.
Tim told me a story that still sticks in my mind to today about different attitudes to fitness.
Tim and the rest of the universitys tennis team were at an international competition that included a chess tournament - where
German and UK university students competed. Each morning during the competition both the German tennis teams and
chess teams went for runs - and did stretching and simple exercises in the gym - to keep supple and fit. The UK tennis teams
were also regulars in the gym but there was no sign of the UK chess team.
It seemed the German and UK chess teams had different approaches to fitness. With a marathon week of tournaments in
prospect - the German chess coaches saw being fit to sit as important to the chess teams success as knowledge of chess.
At the end of each section you will find space for your notes.
I hope what follows shows the way through the minefields to the success you want.
Will Stringer ACA CTA ICSA
YOUR NOTES
Handling subjects
3 Handling subjects
This applies whether you are taking one paper or many.
Look at the syllabus-its your terms of reference.
Assess what percentage of your time to give to each area
Be independent - do not let tutors or others guide you off line - into concentrating on their pet subjects.
Remember you are expected to deliver a total package - to excel in one area and fail in another can be a
failure - whereas to pass well in one area and adequately in others is a pass.
The percentages depend on your previous experience, your skills and your areas needing extra work.
Do not rigidly stick to your first thoughts -often what you think is strong may become weak. Apply those percentages to
the time you are going to give over to study each week. Then set your hourly subject study targets for the weeks ahead.
Earlier I talked about outside pressures - one of these is pre-exam tests - set by tutors or teachers. These in-house tests
can upset your planning - as you can see as your competitors - the group with which you study .It is natural to want to
be top. Time though is wasted by being too good too soon especially if other subjects are not kept up to date.
Keep in mind that the real Competitors the Examiners - will not show their colours until the day of the Exam. Tests are
only practice. So of course revise for tests - but make time to keep fresh the other subjects you will need to know shortly.
YOUR NOTES
10
Parallel targets
4 Parallel targets
Once, maybe twice a month in the period leading up to the Exams set yourself physical challenges. Saving them for when
the pressure is on.
It is true sport is one of the best ways to relax, but most competitive sport measures you against your opponent. Pure
competition- which is what exams are about - measures your ability against fixed standards. Therefore consider setting
yourself physical targets as well as studying targets.
You do not have to become a gym or aerobics fanatic overnight- though it might help. No, occasionally set yourself a
physical target such as to walk or maybe run from home to a local land mark and back again or say swim non-stop for
20 lengths at the local swimming pool.
Make the challenge tough but safe. Repeat throughout in your mind if I can overcome this.... I can pass my Exams.
Where I lived was an old air-field. My challenge was If I can run round the airfield perimeter road without stopping or
walking- however slowly - then I will pass my Exams.
YOUR NOTES
11
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for Engin
What a difference the day before the exam paper I would time my arrival at the hotel to coincide with the earliest occupation
time got my revision material out onto the bed and spent until late that evening completing my final revision for the day
ahead. In the early morning I covered off final topics and then walked down the road in good time for the morning exam
start time. Having first phoned home and made my apologies to my eight years old and his six years old sister!
YOUR NOTES
13
Methods of revising
6 Methods of revising
I have used with equal success a number of ways to revise.
Taking existing notes and writing them up again in shorter note-lets.
The advantage is that by writing shorter notes you tend to concentrate on key issues and remember the subjects better.
Highlighting key details in manuals and textbooks.
This can reduce what you really need to read again by up to 70%. If you use this method - use it miserly - highlight only
key phrases or words not whole sentences - reducing the text to brief notes.
Dictating notes using mobile phone or IPod Aps (applications) - playing them back on headphones on the
bus and train - or by media connectors in the car.
Its useful here is to picture yourself and the text book as you were dictating the notes. I have even been known to listen
to myself and read the text in front of me at the same time for really complicated subjects.
Making up briefing cards - pick out keywords and underlining subject headings.
Do not depend solely upon your own tutors for revision material. Get copies of other tutors manuals and revision notes.
Buy some expensive subject books and find time to read round the subject or better still look at what is on offer at
http://www.Bookboon.com . It is not always new information which helps - equally important are new perspectives.
I was in a group of 100 or more students at a private study college in London. We were sponsored by our employers to take
tax exams. The exams included a 3 hour paper on Estate Taxes mostly to do about who is entitled to a deceaseds estate
money and property and what taxes are payable when and by who. We were given by the college study guides focused on
what we needed to know to pass all the most likely questions to come up in our exams. It was not always easy to follow I
am not the smartest on the block! So I bought another colleges study guide to compare notes.
Well we were told in no uncertain way by our tutor that one subject was just not coming up that year. The tutor did cover it
off but advised us strongly to drop it from our final revision. I always save something new for the morning of the exam. I
just feel trying to cram again in the last hours what you should know already, can be more stressing than helpful. And guess
what, you are right, that subject was the first on the paper. You could hear the room groan. Me, I gave a silent cheer. I had
spent two hours reading the other colleges treatment of that subject on the train on the way to the exam hall!
In boring lectures think about what the tutor is saying and compare it to your views ask the tutor questions to develop
your own thoughts - even if by the end you have answered the question yourself. It is better to look a little bit foolish in
class - if getting then an answer to your question - means potentially more marks in the Exam.
YOUR NOTES
14
Gaining performance
7 Gaining performance
A winning car is not entered into a race with an overused engine, old oil and the wrong petrol. It is the same for BRAINS
and MINDS. You have got to tune them and feed them with a good source of pure energy. That means the best quality
products with the least additives.
The routes of supply are your eyes and your mouth. Too rich or too poor a basic fuel and the brain will not be fully usable
and your mind will under-perform.
Turning to food there are two important aspects, which work together, diet and the state of the rest of your body. Try to
keep to good simple foods - that means a lean low fat diet, little alcohol and no smoking.
If you do smoke, remember you cannot reach for a cigarette to ease your nerves in the Exam Hall. Start by
not smoking on the days when you attend lectures.
If you can, give up smoking at least six months before the Exams.
If you like to drink socially try to switch to non alcoholic alternatives.
If you are stressed and cannot resist food binges, binge on fruit and salad.
The other factor is exercise. Sitting down and studying for long periods is not a natural state for your body. After a while
you will notice a creeping tiredness. The body needs regular exercise and to relax.
15
Gaining performance
Your body is a precious shell, housing your mind and needs to be in the best condition possible for the day of the Exam.
So fit into your day a simple schedule of about 15 minutes - including at least 10 deep yoga breaths - back, neck and
arm stretches and at least a 5 minute walk outdoors. If in doubt about your health - always check with your doctor and
get guidance from your local gym.
YOUR NOTES
16
YOUR NOTES
17
18
My choice was something like a BIC or similar pencil like biro - for lightness and speed I avoided felt tips as they tended
to thicken. The downside of a biro is that the grip is thin and after two hours writing I suffered from finger cramps! I
treated the biro like a tennis racket and built the grip up by first binding plastic tape round the base of the biro until
it was a comfortable size and then wrapping round a long soft plaster to finish the grip. I made up a few sizes and tried
them out. For my exams I usually had about three bound biros of different sizes and swapped between them when my
hand got tired or sweaty. I found that the changes of grip - by allowing my hand muscles to subtly alter positions - greatly
reduced tiredness. Nowadays you can find in most supermarkets pencil like biros with grips. It is important to take time
to find out which brand or type work best in exam conditions for you.
YOUR NOTES
19
180
Cushion
( 20 )
____
160
100
Available time
1.6 minutes
32 minutes
The cushion is a buffer to allow for selecting questions, correcting mistakes and pulling your answers together at the end.
For most Exams there will be past papers you can buy with answers attached. The answers should be approved by the
Examining Body.
Frankly those answers for most written papers will be too long winded. They are model answers and are written by people
with knowledge of the subject gained over many years. It is also a form of publicity by the Examining Body and the people
who have written the answers. It is a way of showing how high their standards are. For most written questions there is
just not the time to get onto paper that amount of detail - given the time allocated to the answer.
20
Model answers are therefore a guide to emphasis and content but not a guide to exam condition standards. Compare your
timed answer to the model answers and mark yourself on the basis of the number of their points you have written down.
YOUR NOTES
21
YOUR NOTES
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22
YOUR NOTES
23
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You may gain a few points for perfect presentation but you will lose more than this in trying to use good style instead of
writing down markable points or having hand writing that is hard to read.
Tests are a good time to experiment - try answering in GOOD correct sentences - then see the surprise on everyone face
when you use note form next time and your marks shoot up!
YOUR NOTES
25
YOUR NOTES
26
Giving yourself a time-out for final revision is important. Remember in terms of time and career prospects repeating an
Exam or Exam Papers is expensive in terms of getting the best jobs or the promotion you want.
So you have counted your days to zero (see start the clock running) and have decided to take two weeks off for final
revision. Set about thinking towards setting yourself a manageable daily timetable. You should aim to handle each major
subject each day, building up overall competence. Giving over say the last 4 days to concentrate on answering past papers.
You will see from what follows that there are breaks of at least 10 minutes built in. Take them enjoy them, turn the radio
on, watch TV have a cup of tea. You need to be in a state of relaxed awareness when studying which means frequent breaks
so you can concentrate. Your body also needs taking care of. So stretch and avoid becoming stiff from fatigue. Start by
working out how much time in the day you can spend on studying.
What follows was my daily revision programme.
27
Hours
PERIOD 1
PERIOD 2
START
8:30 am
FINISH
11:00 am
START
11:15 am
FINISH
12:30 am
minutes
30
15
50
30
50
15
YOUR
NOTES
LUNCH/
EXERCISE
PERIOD 3
PERIOD 4
START
1:20 pm
FINISH
3:10 pm
START
3:20 pm
FINISH
5:50 pm
DINNER
PERIOD 5
PERIOD 6
PERIOD 7
START
6:40 pm
FINISH
8:30 pm
START
8:50 pm
FINISH
10:05 pm
START
10:20 pm
FINISH
11:10 pm
50
___________________
STUDY
TIME
15.2
12 hrs
0 mns
Next calculate the percentage of your total available study time you need to spend on each subject. Adjust time downwards
on subjects easier for you.
My adjusted allocation was:
28
PAPER
%age
Hours
minutes
10
12
20
24
20
24
15
48
15
48
10
12
READING
10
12
12 hrs
0 mins
YOUR NOTES
____________________________
100%
Now you have to perform a fine balancing act. Generally you are at our most receptive to learn and remember before
lunch and an hour or so after dinner. A lot of homes do start filling up in that last period. So that is when noise and
distractions are most likely to occur. Therefore as a general rule tackle your toughest subject first thing in the morning
and as the day progresses pick up the less demanding subjects.
29
Subject B
-getting into my stride
Period 2
Subject A
- hungry
Period 3
Subject D
- picking up again
Period 4
Subject C
- at my best
Period 5
Subject E
- after dinner
Period 6
Subject F
- running down
30
YOUR NOTES
31
Above all follow the instructions given to you by the people monitoring the Exam the invigilators (the people running
the exam administration in the exam centre) . Listen carefully. Keep in mind that after the time allowed for the exam paper
is over in most exam settings you cannot touch your answer papers . You must therefore allow time to sort your answers.
When allowed put your pens, calculators and clock onto your Exam desk. Put them out in the same layout as you have
found best at home. Do not look at anybody or the Exam Hall itself. Concentrate on relaxing yourself. Close your eyes,
breath 10 times slowly and deeply in through the nose and out through the mouth, lifting your rib cage each time to fill
your lungs.
You will hear the lead invigilator say You may begin . Wait until you have completed your relaxation breathing and
then set your clock to 12 oclock .Put a wrist watch as a double check showing the true time next to it. Thereafter do not
worry about outside time just focus on the clock time from your 12:00 oclock setting.
Now read the opening comments on the front of the paper - slowly and very carefully. From reading previous years Exam
papers you should recognise the format - how many questions to answers in each section and where and how answers
are to be written. Misprints and errors can happen - if you do not understand an instruction put your hand up and wait
for the Exam invigilators to come to you. Remember you will be disqualified if you speak to anyone else.
YOUR NOTES
32
17.2
From the front work out - without reading the questions, how much time to spend on each. Writing the times you have
calculated onto the Exam paper against the marks shown for each question. (See also Testing youself against
Past Papers).
Next select the first question on which to warm up. Generally you can assume the toughest questions /section is at the
front. So I tend to go to the back of the Exam paper starting with a short question.
Remember your target is to write down the maximum number of mark winning points.
You may find those questions seem too tough -work forwards until you find the easiest questions to answer.
Always tackle easier questions first.
There is no gain and a lot of loss from answering Exam papers the hard way.
Do not though tackle a major 20%+ marks question without warming up, if you can help it.
Like any athlete you need to slowly build up your pace.
YOUR NOTES
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33
17.3
YOUR NOTES
34
17.4
Rounding off
You will probably now have about 10 -12 minutes left -allowing for overruns - as helped hopefully by one question you
could handle quickly.
Get all your papers together and check that you have answered only those questions required.
If you started a question and switched to another put a line through the incomplete answer do not rip it up in case of mistakes until the very end.
Make sure question numbers and page numbers are shown on each page. That guarantees at least the marks
for the questions correctly answered.
If you have missed a question or running out of time select the question which needs to be answered - Do
NOT bother with an explanation to the Marker.
Markers can only mark what is there. Begin your answer with - the following sets out the main points to be
considered.
Then briefly list out in the best order you can as many of your thoughts on the subject. Try as hard as you
can to put down enough to justify 50% of the marks due.
Papers must at the end of the exam be in good order so that they can be accepted for marking.
Make that your final priority. Assuming all questions have been answered as required - go through using a
ruler and underline headings in a different colour to your writing pen. Do not overdo this - just enough to
break up the page so that the Marker can easily follow your arguments.
Check again all pages are numbered and the papers have been put together in the right order.
YOUR NOTES
35
17.5
In the last few minutes of the exam - go hunting for marks. Whatever you do - do not waste time carefully reading through
your answers. By all means glance quickly though - but remember to look to add to your score - not to waste precious
time correcting grammatical errors. Even for foreign language exam papers!
When the people running the exam - the invigilators - say Stop - stop! Do not take the chance - of gaining half of one
percent more - at the risk of being disqualified.
Throughout the paper you should have been concentrating on maintaining your bubble and remaining calm and confident.
Do not rush out of the Exam Hall. Take your time to get yourself together and walk slowly and quietly out of the Hall.
YOUR NOTES
36
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YOUR NOTES
38
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YOUR NOTES
39