SPSS

2010-2009

 SPSS
SPSS START
PROGRAMS .SPSS

:
-1 .COMMAND FUNCTIONS
-2 .DATA VIEW
-3 .VARIABLE VIEW
-4 .OUTPUT NAVIGATOR

-1
ICON
9 ) (Help
.
-2
Column
VAR 1 100,000 .
Data View .Variable View
-3
DOUBLE CLICK
VARIABLE VIEW
. VALUES
ADD .

 -4 :

WINDOW .

:
FILE OPEN .

 :
-1 ) ( )*.(SAV .
-2 )*.(SPO.
.OPEN
)* (xls. .

:
SAVE SAVE AS
SAVE AS (1 :
DATA OUTPUT NAVIGATOR SAVE (2 .

DATA EDITOR )(
ENTER ) . : MISSING
(.
(1 :
) (
.
(2 :

)
( VARIABLE VIEW
:

 .
) ( .VALUES
VALUE VALUE LABEL
ADD .

:
.I VIEW .
.
.II VALUE LABELS

:

:
:
10
:
-1 .
-2 (EDIT, COPY) CTRL + C
-3
PASTE VARIABLES .

-4 :

-5 :

 -6 OK :

:
DATA:
INSERT VARIABLE
-1
.
INSERT CASE
SORT CASES .
GOTO CASE

-2
-3
-4

.

-5
UTILITIES .VARIABLES

DEL
) ( .DEL
.DEL

start ) ( All Programs Spss for

Windows SPSS 13.0 for Windows :

 ) (Untitled
.
Spss Data Editor :
view Data Transform analyze ...etc - File edit .
) ( .
spss Excel

.

Data Editor
:Data view -

:Variable View )) Name )) Type ) (columns

) (Label ) (Missing Value )... (VALUES .

):(Type of Variables

- ): (scale variables

, , , , .
type .numeric

: : ): (Nominal ) ,(
) , , ( ) , ,(... .
7

 ): (Ordinal ) ( )
, ,( .

:
variable view variable view . spss
. Name

:
. )(.) (Dot ! ? - : " ^ % * .
:LT, LE ,GT,GE ,EQ , NE , AND , OR , NOT , BY , WITH
:

string .
numeric .

: Decimals places
12.52) : decimals 15.125) (2
decimals (3
8

: Label

Name .Label

:Values

: )(1
)(2
:
Name value
variable view

1 value value label add

:

2 value value label

add : ok

issing
lues

M
Va
:

 Missing Values
variable view :

:
: No missing values . : Discrete missing values . : Range of missing values High , low
.
: .

:
: File file :
-

:New data
.output
:open .
:Save As .
:Save
.

: Edit : Edit
:Undo
:Redo
:Copy
:Paste .
:Find
:Cut .
:Clear
: View : view
: Fonts .

10

 :Value Label .
Variables:
.
: Data :
: Insert variable . : Insert case )( . : Go to case . : Sort case . : Add variables . : Add cases : Select cases . : employee data

)Employee code(id
gender
)Date of birth(bdate
)Education level(years
)Employment category(jobcat
)Current salary(salary
)Beginning salary(salbegin
)Months since hire(jobtime
)Previous experience(pervexp
Minority classification

employee data

)
3 1 (2
) m . (f

SELECT CASES


.
SPSS STEP BY STEP
Data Select Cases

11

Select cases
.
select :
All cases .1

.SPSS
If condition is satisfied .2

:
> >
=
< <
=
~
=
=

:
. $50000
17 .12

 ) (job time 91 . . 18 20 . . 10 . $30000

17 .
data select cases :
$50000 :
data select cases :

If condition is satisfied :

13

 : If

) current salary(salary >

50000 :
salary 50000
:

cont
Ok
:

14

u
ine


$_filter ) (selected
).(Not Selected



Deleted .Filtered
Deleted --- Filtered
: Filtered .
: Deleted .
: Deleted
.
17 data select cases ) (1
If condition is satisfied If )

15

 (2
.

gender " m" & educ 17

continue Ok

) (job time 91
. jobcat 3 & jobtime 91 continue Ok
.
. jobcat 1 / jobcat 3 continue Ok
.
18 20 data select cases :
educ 18 & educ 20 continue Ok .
:jobcat 1

continue Ok .

10 $30000 :
jobcat 2 & educ 10 & salary 30000 continue Ok
.
17 :
gender " m" & educ 17 & jobcat 3 continue Ok
.
: Random sample of cases .
sample :

16

 :
: Approximately
%20 .
: Exactly

50 80 .
: Based on time or case range )(
.
range :

: Use filter variable

.

: Transform
Transform :
:Compute


TRANSFORM COMPUTE
TARGET VARIABLE
.
.

)(average

1000

1500

17

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

1550
1650
1700
1800
2100
1450
1200
1220
1850

1600
1800
2000
1110
1250
1560
1700
1800
1900

data view :

compute :

18

 average target
variable all function group
, function and special variables
mean
:

)(
)( ok :

19

 IF Compute

IF

: .Employee Data
: 16 .
SPSS STEP BY STEP
Transform Compute
: -

20

If :

new1 16
) ( .

:2 16 $40200
(3350=40200/12) $3350

:COUNT
) (1) , (0 , )(1
) (0
.
)(employee data
15 18

35000
15 17
.
33000

:Recode
:

: Recode Into Same Variables

.

: Recode Into Different Variables

.
: ), (employee data
:
19-21
17-18
14-16
10-13

21

:
transform Recode Recode Into Different
Variables :

Recode Into Different Variables :

educ :

22

 result
Name change :

old and new values :

range 10
13 value
new value 1 add
:

23

 14
16 2 value add :

continue ok :

24

 :

70 , 50 , 75 , 99 , 65 , 60 , 77 , 70 , 98 , 88 , 85
:

60

6069

7079

8089

90

:
output variables are string :

25

:Rank Case

R
: ,
:
Transform Rank Case :

26

 ,
smallest value ok :

Largest value :

27

:Automatic Recode

.
: ,
:
Transform Automatic Recode :

28

 , , new name
educ1 :

Add New Name OK :

29

) (1 Histogram and Frequencies

:
ANALYZE
.DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
FREQUENCIES
)
(.
:
""CENTRAL TENDENCY

-1 MEAN
-2 MEDIAN %50
-3 MODE
-4 SUM
" " DISPERSION

-1 STANDARD DEVATION

-2 VARIANCE

-3 RANGE
-4 MAXMUM
-5 MINMUM
-6 STANDARD ERROR MEAN

-1

"" DISTRIBUTION
SKEWNESS

.

.
.
-2

KURTOSIS

.

.
30

QUARTILE
CUT PIONT FOR 10 EQUALGROUPS
PERCENTILE

: :
..................
:
, 1500 ,2000, 1200, 2000, 1200, 1900, 1200 ,1500 , 1200, 1000
1200,1500
:
-1
-2 ) (
-3 %40
:
-1 SPSS
-2

-3

31

 -4 ANALYZE DESCRIPTIVE STSTISTIC

FREQUENCIES

-5 :

-6 )(VARIABLES
-7 charts :

: NONE
: BAR
: PIE
:HISTOGRAM
:WITH NORMAL CURVE

32

 -8 PIE CONTINUE
-9 STATIATIC :

-10 CONTINUE OK

Cumulative
Percent
8.3
50.0
75.0
83.3
100.0

Percent Valid Percent

8.3
8.3
41.7
41.7
25.0
25.0
8.3
8.3
16.7
16.7
100.0
100.0

33

Frequency
1
5
3
1
2
12

1000.00
1200.00
1500.00
1900.00
2000.00
Total

Valid


0000259211..
Frequencies

34

Statistics
Valid
Missing

12
0
1450.000
100.3781
1350.000
1200.00
347.7198
120909.1
.662
.637
-.966
1.232
1000.00
1000.00
2000.00
17400.00
1060.000
1200.000
1200.000
1200.000
1200.000
1350.000
1500.000
1540.000
1800.000
1940.000
2000.000

Mean
Std. Error of Mean
Median
Mode
Std. Deviation
Variance
Skewness
Std. Error of Skewness
Kurtosis
Std. Error of Kurtosis
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Percentiles
10
20
25
30
40
50
60
70
75
80
90

: :
) (
.
-3
-2
-1
:
, 1 , 3, 2 , 1, 2 , 1 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 3,1 , 1 , 2, 3 , 2 , 1
2 , 3 , 3 2 , 2, 1, 3
:
35

 -1
-2 ) (
-3 %40
: :

.
-3
-2
-1
:
, 1, 1 , 3, 2 , 3, 2 , 1 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2, 3 , 2 , 1
2 , 3 , 3 2 , 2,2
:
-1
-2 ) , , , , (
-3 %50
: :
.
-3
-2
-1
:
1, 3, 1 , 3, 2 , 1, 3 , 1 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 2, 3 , 2 , 1
2 , 3 , 3 2 , 2,
:
-1
-2 ) , , , , , (
-3 %60
DESCRIPTIVE
-1
-2 Z
* DESCRIPTIVE
: ANALYZE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTIC
DESCRIPTIVE
: :
* - .............................
60 55 72 92
93
82
81 84 76 63 92 98 95
:
-1

-2 DATA VIEW

36

 -3 ANALYZE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTIC DESCRIPTIVE

-3

-4 OPTIONS

37

 -5
VARIABLE LIST -6
ALPHABETIC -7
ASCRNDING MEAN -8
DESCENDING MEAN -9
CONTINUE
-10
-11
-12

Z
-13
Z

38

 Explore
) ( ) (
:
-1 %5 Trimmed Mean %5
-2 Confidence interval For
Mean
-3 :IQR Inter Quartile
range
:
ANALYZE -1
-2 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
EXPLORE -3 -
.
* :
-1 ..................

-2
140 200 100 170 190 130 150 270 220 250 200 170 150
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
1

:
:

39

ANALYZE STATISTIC DESCRIPTIVE EXPLORE

40

 ) (" DEPENDENT LIST

.FACTOR LIST
) STATISTIC (
-1
) (
PLOTS
-2
) (
BOTH
-3
STATISTIC :

:
Descriptive -1
Confidence Interval for mean 95% -2
M-estimators -3
Outliers -4
Percentiles -5 Continue
PLOTS :

41

 ) Factor levels together (

) Stem and leaf (
Continue OK
Case Processing Summary
Total
N
Percent
7
100.0%
6
100.0%

Cases
Missing
N
Percent
0
.0%
0
.0%

42

Valid
N
Percent
7
100.0%
6
100.0%

Descriptives

Statistic
2028.571
1582.741

Mean
95% Confidence Lower Bound
Interval for Mean Upper Bound

Std. Error
182.2012

2474.402

5% Trimmed Mean
Median
Variance
Std. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
Range
Interquartile Range
Skewness
Kurtosis
Mean
95% Confidence Lower Bound
Interval for Mean Upper Bound

2026.190
2000.000
232381.0
482.0591
1400.00
2700.00
1300.00
1000.00
.030
-1.183
1533.333
1165.781

5% Trimmed Mean
Median
Variance
Std. Deviation
Minimum
Maximum
Range
Interquartile Range
Skewness
Kurtosis

1537.037
1600.000
122666.7
350.2380
1000.00
2000.00
1000.00
550.00
-.374
-.070

.794
1.587
142.9841

1900.886

.845
1.741

M-Estimators

Huber's
a
M-Estimator
2028.2794
1550.7533

Tukey's
b
Biweight
2027.790
1574.317

Hampel's
c
d
M-Estimator Andrews' Wave
2028.5714
2027.7906
1550.8593
1573.9008

a. The weighting constant is 1.339.

b. The weighting constant is 4.685.
c. The weighting constants are 1.700, 3.400, and 8.500
d. The weighting constant is 1.340*pi.

43

a
Extreme Values

Highest 1
2
3
Lowest 1
2
3
Highest 1
2
3
Lowest 1
2
3

Case Number
6
4
5
13
1
9
3
2
10
11
8
7

Value
2700.00
2500.00
2200.00
1400.00
1500.00
1900.00
2000.00
1700.00
1700.00
1000.00
1300.00
1500.00

a. The requested number of extreme values exceeds the

number of data points. A smaller number of extremes is
displayed.

Stem-and-Leaf Plot for

=
Frequency
1.00
2.00
2.00
2.00

Stem & Leaf

1
1
2
2

.
.
.
.

4
59
02
57

Stem width: 1000.00

Each leaf:
1 case(s)

Stem-and-Leaf Plot for

=
Frequency
2.00
3.00
1.00

Stem & Leaf

1 . 03
1 . 577
2. 0

Stem width: 1000.00

Each leaf:
1 case(s)

44

0
0
3
.
0
5
2
.
0
0
2
.
0
5
1
.
0
0
1.

CROSSTAB

" "
""CHI SQUARE
: " ,, "
:
-1 " , " "
) (
-2 "
) (
45

 ""CHI SQUARE
-1 : ) (
-2 : ) (
* -
- 1 " "

- 2

3 1 2 2 1 4 1 3 2 1 1 4 3 2 4
1

:
-1
-2

0.05
:
-1
- -2
-3 " VARIABLE VIEW "
* -

46

* -

-4

" "DATA VIEW

47

 -5 ANALYZE STATISTIC
CROSSTAB
-6 :

-7

ROW

-8 COLUMN
-9 STATISTICS CHI SQUAR

48

DESCRIPTIVE

OK CONTINUE
Case Processing Summary

Valid
N
Percent
15
100.0%

Cases
Missing
N
Percent
0
.0%

Total
N
Percent
15
100.0%

* Crosstabulation
Count

Total

1
2
1
1
5

3
1
1
1
6

Total
1
1
1
1
4

5
4
3
3
15

Chi-Square Tests
Value
Pearson Chi-Square
1.579a
Likelihood Ratio
1.552
Linear-by-Linear
.006
Association
N of Valid Cases
15

df

Asymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
6
.954
6
.956
1

.939

a. 12 cells (100.0%) have expected count less than 5.

The minimum expected count is .80.

49

-10

 :
: )
(

: )
(
1.579:
6:
0.954:
: sig 0.05

10

35

25

25

30

:
-1
-2


%5
:
-3
- -4
-5 " VARIABLE VIEW "
* -

50

* -

-1

" "DATA VIEW

51

weight cases

frequency variable weight cases by ok

-6 ANALYZE STATISTIC
CROSSTAB
-7 :

52

DESCRIPTIVE

 -8 ROW
-9 COLUMN
-10 STATISTICS CHI SQUAR

-11

CONTINUE OK

53

Case Processing Summary

Total
N
Percent
130
100.0%

Cases
Missing
N
Percent
0
.0%

Valid
N
Percent
130
100.0%

Crosstabulation *
Count
Total
70
60
130

35
25
60

10
5
15

25
30
55

Total

Chi-Square Tests
Asymp. Sig.
)(2-sided
2
.219
2
.217
.085

df

Value
Pearson Chi-Square 3.037a
Likelihood Ratio
3.059
Linear-by-Linear
2.959
Association
N of Valid Cases
130

a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The

minimum expected count is 6.92.

:
: )

(

: )

(
3.037:
2:
0.219:
: sig 0.05

54

 700

%20
%25 %30
) (
%10
%12
%10 %8


%5
: 700

25%
30%
25%

175
210
175
21 %12
%8 %10
21
14
%88
%92 189 %90
154
161
:

14
126

20%

140
14 %10
%90
126

154

21

21

189

14

161

55