Biochemistry

With Its Applications

NFC

Institute of Engineering &

Fertilizer Research, Faisalabad.

Subject:Applied Chemistry
Topic:Biochemistry with Its Applications
Submitted To:Miss. Sidra Batool
Submitted By:Muhammad Adeel Ijaz

15-ELE-27

Inam-ur-Rehman

15-ELE-51

Muhammad Sajid

15-ELE-63

Mohsin Shahzad

15-ELE-65

Muhammad Noman Arshad

15-ELE-67

Shahzaib

15-ELE-77

NFC Institute of Engineering And

Fertilizer Research, Faisalabad.

Biochemistry With Its applications

Biochemistry:We can define Biochemistry as following:The branch of chemistry which deals with the
study of chemical process in living organisms, is
called Biochemistry
Biochemistry usually includes the study of biological structure and function of cellular
components such as protein and DNA etc.
This branch of chemistry is a laboratory based science that brings Biology and Chemistry
together. In biochemistry, biochemists can understand and solve the problems by using
chemical knowledge and techniques.

Inside Biochemistry:Biochemistry focuses on processes happening at a

molecular level. It focuses on whats happening inside
our cells, studying components like proteins, lipids
etc. It also looks at how cells communicate with each other, for
example during growth or fighting illness.

Biochemistry revolves around four major components which are:

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

The above given major components of Biochemistry are discussed as following;-

Applied Chemistry

Biochemistry covers a range of scientific disciplines, including genetics, microbiology, plant

science and medicine. Because of its breadth, biochemistry is very important and advances in
this field of science.

Biochemistry With Its applications

Carbohydrates:We can define Carbohydrates as following;The main types of nutrients which are used as a source of energy to our body, are called
Carbohydrates
Our digestive system changes Carbohydrates to glucose (also known as Blood sugar); our
body uses this sugar for energy for our cells, tissues and organs. It stores any extra sugar in our
liver and muscles for when it is needed.
Lipids:We can define Lipids as following:Any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or
their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in
organic solvents, are called Lipids
They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids. The main
biological functions of lipids include storing energy, signaling
and acting as structural components of cell membrane.
Proteins:We can define Proteins as following;Any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds which have large molecules composed of
one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms
These essential parts contain structural components of body such as muscle, hair, enzymes

Amino Acid
Structure

Applied Chemistry

etc.

Biochemistry With Its applications

Nucleic acids:We can define Nucleic Acids as following:A complex organic substance present in living
cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules
consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain,
are called Nucleic Acids
The DNA is the biological molecule that stores all
the genetic information of the cell, whereas RNA is
made when the complex biochemical de-codification
machinery of the cell acts on the DNA to extract the
information needed for a particular function.

Applications of Biochemistry:Biochemistry is a vast field with many of its applications. Some of the basic applications of
biochemistry are given following;-

I.

Genetic Engineering:-

We can define Genetic Engineering as following:The process is which we add new DNA to an
organism, is called Genetic Engineering
These days it is widely used is the treatment of plants,
and animals.

Cloning:-

We can define Cloning as following;The process in Biochemistry in which we produce

similar population of genetically identical individuals,
is called Cloning
Dolly the sheep was the first mammal ever cloned from
adult animal cells. The cloned sheep was, of course,
genetically identical to the original adult sheep

Dolly the Sheep

Applied Chemistry

II.

Biochemistry With Its applications

III.

Gene Therapy:-

We can define Gene Therapy as following:The experimental technique that uses genes to
prevent disease, is called Gene Therapy
In Gene Therapy, a modified or healthy gene is
inserted into the organism to replace a diseasecausing gene.
Gene Therapy

IV.

Kidney Function Test:-

Bio chemistry involves Kidney Function Test. By using this test we can analyze and treat
different kidney problems.

V.

Blood Test:-

We can test the blood in human by using

biochemical techniques. By using blood test we
can control diabetes.

Blood Test

VI.

Liver Function Test:-

VII.

Photosynthesis:-

Photosynthesis is an important process in

plants to make their own food. This process is
based on biochemical reactions.

Applied Chemistry

Liver Function test is used to analyze and treat the live against diseases, which are defected by
different liver diseases.

Biochemistry With Its applications

VIII.

Respiration:-

Respiration process also involves biochemical

reactions. In respiration humans inhale O2 and
exhale CO2, which is due to biochemical reaction.

IX.

Food Chemistry:-

Biochemistry is widely used in food industry. By

using biochemistry principles we can maintain the
amount of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in our
food.

X.

Fertilizers:-

Applied Chemistry

In fertilizers, by using biochemistry principles we

can enhance the quality of fertilizers. In this way the
enhanced fertilizer is used in plant growth and
growing of plant will be healthy.