ABAP HR / HCM

Agenda Day 1
Basics of SAP HR and Why ABAP HR
Logical Databases
PA (Personnel Administration) - Overview
Structure of Database Tables in PA
Infotypes Overview

Macros and Function Modules

Hands On Sessions and Assignments

Topic List
Basics of SAP HR and Why ABAP HR
Logical Databases
PA (Personnel Administration) - Overview
Structure of Database Tables in PA
Infotypes Overview

Macros and Function Modules

Hands On Sessions and Assignments

Basics of SAP HR and Why ABAP HR ?

What is SAP HR / HCM ?

When to use SAP HR / ABAP HR ?
Where is SAP HR / HCM used ?
How is SAP HR / HCM beneficial ?

Why ABAP HR ?

Basics of SAP HR

contd

SAP HR or SAP Human Resources Management System is one of the largest

modules in the SAP R/3 system which consists of many sub modules like:
Organizational Management
Personnel Administration
Recruitment
Time Management
Payroll
Compensation Management
Personnel Cost Planning
Budget Management
Personnel Development
Training & Event Management
Travel Management
Environmental Health & Safety.

HR as a Function- HR LC
Acquire
Strategize and Plan

2. Staff Acquisition

Right Person

Sustain

Right Job at the

Right Time

3. Organization
and Position
Management

4. Compensation Management

5. Benefits
Management Performing
1. HR
Strategy

6. Employee Training ,Development and

Performance Management

Well

and
Appropriately
Compensated

7. Leave and attendance Mgt

8. Travel Management

Separate
3. Separation Management

Timely
Retirement
Processing

Core Modules of SAP HR

Personnel Management

Organisational Management

Master data
HR

Time Management

Payroll Accounting

HR Structures
Enterprise structure.- Client, Company code, PA, PSA
Organizational structure Org Unit, Position, Job, Task
Personnel structure.-Emp Group, Emp Sub-Group.
Payroll accounting Area

Organizational Unit

Organizational Structure

Position
S

Job
C
S

Personnel Structure

S
C
S

Independant
Contractant ext.
Intrimaire
External

Active

Retiree

Hourly Worker
Monthly worker
Executive
Manager
Senior Manager
Student

Executive
Manager
Senior Manager

Employee

Hourly Worker
Monthly worker
Executive
Manager
Senior Manager
Student

Enterprise Structure
WT01

1000

WT02

WT03

WT04

1100

1101

1003

Company Code

Expatri
KAR

AP

Administration
Sorti

Hourly Worker
Monthly worker
Executive
Manager
Senior Manager
Student

Legal

Quality

NDEL

WB

Sales
Mkt

Finance
Engineering

Personnel Area

HR

Personnel Sub-Area

Enterprise Structure

Organizational Structure
Organizational
Unit (O)
Incorporates

Job
(C)

Describes
Is described by

Is managed by

Position
(S)
Holder

person
(P)

HR Structures: Employee in the

Personnel Structure
Employee Group:
Subdivision of employees into various
categories for management reasons

External

Pensioner

Active

HR Structures: Employee in the Personnel

Structure
Employee SubGroup:
Subdivision of an employee subgroup into
different employee status for management
reasons
Executive

Active

Workforce
Student

Manager

HR Structures: Payroll A/c Area

IT 0001- Organizational Assignment

Basics of SAP HR

contd

What is ABAP HR and Why ABAP HR ?

The aim in the Human Resources component is to be
able to process employee related data according to
business requirements in an effective structure.
The Human Resources module uses a system of data
grouped together called Infotypes.
The Human Resources module stores bulk data like time
management and Payroll data in Cluster tables
In HR ABAP use of select statements significantly less
than in other areas of ABAP development
In addition to the LDB, HR programming also involves the
use of Macros for data extraction cluster tables.

Topic List

Basics of SAP HR and Why ABAP HR

Logical Databases
PA (Personnel Administration) - Overview
Structure of Database Tables in PA
Infotypes Overview

Macros and Function Modules

Hands On Sessions and Assignments

Logical Databases (LDB)

What is a LDB ?
When to use LDB ?
Where to search for LDB ?
How is LDB beneficial ?

Why use LDB instead of SQL selects?

LDB

contd

What is a LDB ?
Logical databases are special ABAP programs that retrieve data and
make it available to application programs. The most common use of
logical databases is still to read data from database tables and linking
them to executable ABAP programs while setting the program contents
Logical databases contain Open SQL statements that read data from
the database. You do not therefore need to use SQL in your own
programs
A logical database can read the lines of these tables one after the other
into an executable program in a sequence which is normally defined by
the hierarchical structure

LDB

contd

LDB
3 Components of an LDB
STRUCTURE
The structure defines the data view of
the logical database.
SELECTIONS
The selections define a selection
screen, which forms the user interface
of the executable programs that use
the logical database.
DATABASE PROGRAM
The database program contains the
ABAP statements used to read the
data and pass it to the user of the
logical database.

contd

LDB
Structure of Logical Database

The structure of a logical database is

usually based on the foreign key
relationships between hierarchical tables
in the SAP System.

Logical databases have a tree-like

structure

The nodes must be structures defined in

the ABAP Dictionary or data types from a
type group

. contd

LDB

contd

When to use a LDB ?

It is always worth using logical databases if the structure
of the data that you want to read corresponds to a view
available through a logical database.
To Read the same data for several programs.

Defining the same user interface for several programs.

LDB

contd

Where to search / view / create / edit LDBs ?

SE36 Transaction Code for Logical Database Operations

Logical databases have a tree structure.

A logical database can contain a maximum of 300 tables
SAPDB<LDB Name> is the name of the database program for
the logical database.
Ex. SAPDBPNP for PNP - LDB

Linking a LDB to an Executable Program

LDB

contd

Advantages of using LDB

An easy-to-use standard user interface

Check functions which check that user input is complete,

correct, and plausible

Meaningful data selection
Central authorization checks for database accesses
You do not have to program a selection screen for user
input since this is created automatically

LDB
Events in an LDB
GET Event

GET LATE Event

contd

LDB

contd

DEMO

Personnel Administration Overview

What is PA Module?
When to use PA Module ?
Where is PA (Specific T-Codes) ?
Why PA Module ?

Structure of DB tables in PA
Logical Structures and Database Tables in PA

Logical structures

Pnnnn
KEY fields

Database tables
Screen
fields

PAnnnn

PBnnnn

Qnnnn

Data fields
PSnnnn

Selection
fields PNP

PERNR

PCLn

Infotypes Overview
What is an Infotype ?
When to use Infotype ?
Where are Infotypes present ?
How is Infotype beneficial ?

Why use Infotypes in SAP HR?

Infotype - Data Structures

LDB : Infotype Data Structure

DB structure PAnnnn using infotype 0002 as an example

PA0002

MANDT

PAKEY

PSHD1

PS0002

Infotype structure Pnnnn using infotype 0002 as an example

PSKEY

PSHD1

PS0002

LDB PNP Screening

LDB Data Retrieval

1. Create data structures forinfotypes

INFOTYPES: 0001,
0002,
0007.
" Organizational Assignment "
"Personal Data "
" Planned Working Time"

2. Fill the data structures withthe infotype records

GET PERNR.

LDB Processing Master Data Using

Processing Master Data
Provide
TABLES: PERNR.
INFOTYPES: 0001,
0002,
0006,
....

"Actions
"Personal Data
"Addresses

GET PERNR.
PROVIDE * FROM P0002 BETWEEN PN-BEGDA AND PN-ENDDA.
WRITE...

ENDPROVIDE.

LDB - Loop Nesting

Loop Nesting
GET PERNR.
PROVIDE * FROM P0002 BETWEEN PN-BEGDA
AND PN-ENDDA.
WRITE...
ENDPROVIDE.
PROVIDE * FROM P0006
BETWEEN PN-BEGDA AND PN-ENDDA.
WRITE...
ENDPROVIDE.

END-OF-SELECTION.

Infotype
loop

Infotype
loop

Employee
loop

LDB Period Based Data - 1

Period-Based Data (1)

JANUARY - APRIL

MAY - AUGUST

Ms Y

SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER

SAP AG 1999

LDB Period Based Data - 2

Period-Based Data (2)

Data
Selection

Org.
Assignment

Org.
Assignment

January

December

January

December

January

December

LDB Screening Criteria

Screening Criteria

Data selection
Person selection
INFOTYPES: ...
GET PERNR.
PROVIDE...
WRITE...

SAP AG 1999

PAnnnn

LDB Person Selection

LDB Data Selection

Default Values on Selection Screen

LDB Sort Order

Sort Order

...
GET PERNR.
...

SAP AG 1999

PerNo. Pers.area

Name

1909
1910
1899

Sam Hawkins
David Lindsay
Karl May

1000
1000
1100

JOIN INFOTYPES

JOIN / CODING

JOIN / SUBTYPES

INFOTYPE JOIN - DEMO

PROJECTION

PROJECTION / CODING

PNP Logical Database DEMO

Topic List
Basics of SAP HR and Why ABAP HR
Logical Databases
PA (Personnel Administration) - Overview
Structure of Database Tables in PA
Infotypes Overview

Macros and Function Modules

Hands On Sessions and Assignments

Any Questions?

Thank you