Chapter 3

Chapter Three
Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Section: 3.1
Difficulty Level: Easy
1. A Brnsted-Lowry acid is defined as a ____ and a Brnsted-Lowry base is defined as a
____.
A) proton acceptor, proton donor
B) proton donor, proton donor
C) proton acceptor, proton acceptor
D) proton donor, proton acceptor
E) None of these
Ans: D
Section: 3.1
2. Provide a definition of a Brnsted-Lowry acid.
Ans: A Brnsted-Lowry acid is a proton donor.
Section: 3.1
3. Provide a definition of a Brnsted-Lowry base.
Ans: A Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor.
Section: 3.1
4. For the following reaction, which reactant functions as an acid?
O
A) I
B) II
C) neither
Ans: B
OH
II

Section: 3.1

5. For the following reaction, which reactant functions as a base?
O
A) I
B) II
C) neither
Ans: A
OH
II

Section: 3.1
6. For the following reaction, which reactant functions as an acid?
H2SO4
II
HSO4
A) I
B) II
C) neither
Ans: A
Section: 3.1
H2SO4
I
II
O
H
A) I
B) II
C) neither
Ans: B
Section: 3.1
HSO4

H
Cl
H
OH
II
Cl
A) I
B) II
C) neither
Ans: B
Section: 3.1
Difficulty Level: Medium
9.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Which of the following is not a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

CH3OH
CH3CH3
CH3NH2
CH3SH
None of these
Ans: B

Section: 3.1
10.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Which of the following is not a Bronsted-Lowry base?

CH3OH
CH3OCH3
CH3NH2
CH3CH3
None of these
Ans: D

Section: 3.1
11.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
In a Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction the product(s) is (are) a _______.

Lewis acid
conjugate acid only
Lewis acid-base pair
conjugate acid-conjugate base pair
None of these
Ans: D
Section: 3.1
12. In a Brnsted-Lowry acid-base reaction the product(s) is (are) a _______.
Ans: conjugate acid-conjugate base pair
Section: 3.1
13.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
A loss of proton from a Brnsted-Lowry acid results in a ___.

Lewis acid
conjugate acid
conjugate base
conjugate acid-base pair
None of these
Ans: C

Section: 3.1
14.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
A gain of proton by a Brnsted-Lowry base results in a ___.

Lewis acid
conjugate acid
conjugate base
conjugate acid-base pair
None of these
Ans: B

Section: 3.1
15.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
What is the conjugate base of nitric acid?

NO3NO2HNO3
HNO2
None of these
Ans: A

Section: 3.1
16.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
What is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid?

HPO42H2PO4HPO32PO43None of these
Ans: B

Section: 3.1
17.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
What is the conjugate base of CH3CH2SH?

CH3CH2SCH3CH2CH3CH2SH2+
CH3CH2S2None of these
Ans: A

Section: 3.1
18. Draw the conjugate acid of CH3CH2OH.
Ans:
CH3CH2OH2

Section: 3.1
19. Draw the conjugate acid of CH3OCH3
Ans:
CH3OCH3
H

Section: 3.1
20. Draw the conjugate acid of the following compound.

O
Ans:
OH

Section: 3.1
21. Draw the conjugate base of CH3CCH.
Ans:
H3C

Section: 3.1
22. Draw the conjugate base of CH3CH2NH2.
Ans:
CH3CH2NH
Section: 3.1
23. Draw the conjugate base of the following compound.
OH
Ans:

Section: 3.1
24. Draw the conjugate base of the following compound.

OH
H
O
O
Ans:
H
O
Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Section: 3.2
25. Which is the conjugate acid in the following reaction?
CH3CH2SH + Na OH
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
I
I
II
III
IV
Both I & IV
Ans: D
II
CH3CH2S Na + H2O
IV
III

Section: 3.2
26. Which is the conjugate base in the following reaction?
CH3CH2SH + Na OH
I
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
I
II
III
IV
Both II & III
Ans: C
II
CH3CH2S Na + H2O
IV
III

Section: 3.2
27. Which is the conjugate acid in the following reaction?

+ CH3CH2 Li
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
N
H
IV
III
II
+ CH3CH3 + Li
I
II
III
IV
Both I & IV
Ans: D

Section: 3.2
28. Which is the conjugate base in the following reaction?
+ CH3CH2 Li
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
N
H
III
II
+ CH3CH3 + Li
IV
I
II
III
IV
Both I & III
Ans: C

Section: 3.2
29. For the following reaction label the acid, base, conjugate acid and conjugate base.
CH3CH2SH + Na OH
Ans:
CH3CH2SH + Na OH
acid
base
CH3CH2S Na + H2O
CH3CH2S Na + H2O
conjugate base

Section: 3.2
conjugate acid
+ CH3CH2 Li
+ CH3CH3 + Li
N
H
Ans:
+ CH3CH2Li
+ CH3CH3
N
H
+ Li
base
acid
conjugate acid
conjugate base

Section: 3.2
+ NaOH
Na
+ H2O
Ans:
+ NaOH
acid
base
Na
conjugate base
+ H2O
conjugate acid

Section: 3.2
32. The tail of the curved arrow must start at ____ electron density and the head must end at
____ electron density.
A) low, high
B) high, high
C) low, low
D) high, low
Ans: D
Section: 3.2
33. Provide a curved arrow mechanism for the following acid-base reaction.
H
+ Na OH
S Na
+ H2O
Ans:
H
S
+ Na OH
S Na
+ H2O
Section: 3.2
+ Na NH2
+ NH3
Na
Ans:
+ Na NH2
Na
+ NH3

Section: 3.2
H
N
H +
NH2
H +
NH3
Ans:
H
N
H +
NH2
H +
NH3

Section: 3.2
36. Identify the acid and the base and provide a curved arrow mechanism for the following
reaction.
Ans:
O
H
acid
+ Na OH
base

Section: 3.2
+ H2O + Na
reaction.
O
+ NH3
+ NaNH2
Na
Ans:
+ NH3
+ NaNH2
Acid
Na
Base

Section: 3.2
reaction.
Na
+ H2O
+ NaOH
Ans:

Section: 3.2
39. The following reaction mechanism contains error. Which of the following statements
correctly describes the curved arrows consistent with the reaction?
O
O
H
+ Na H
O Na
+ H2
A) The curved arrow should start at the carbonyl oxygen atom

B) The curved arrow should start at the hydride, go to the hydrogen connected to oxygen
and a second arrow should start from the OH covalent bond and go to the oxygen
C) The curved arrow should start at the oxygen atom of the OH
D) There should be one more arrow
Ans: B
Section: 3.2
40. For the following reaction mechanism, identify the error, if any and describe the
modification necessary by drawing the correct mechanism.
+ Na NH2
Na
+ NH3
Ans: There is only one arrow and it is going in the wrong direction. The tail of the
curved arrow is placed on the hydrogen atom. The curved arrow represents motion
of electrons and not the motion of atoms. The curved arrow must start from the
base (high electron density) and should go to the proton on the acid (low electron
density)
+ Na NH2
Na
+ NH3

Section: 3.2
41. For the following reaction mechanism, identify the error, if any and describe the
modification necessary by drawing the correct mechanism.
O
O
H
Br
+ NaBr
O Na
OH
Ans: The first arrow from the lone pair of oxygen atom is correct, but the second arrow
is incorrect. The tail of the arrow is placed on the proton. The second curved
arrow must start from the HBr bond and should go to the bromine atom on the
acid.
O
O
H
Br
O Na

Section: 3.2
Difficulty Level: Hard
+ NaBr
OH
42. Predict the products for the following acid-base reaction.

O
H
Ans:
+ Na OH
Na
O
+ H2O

Section: 3.2
43. Predict the products for the following acid-base reaction.
Ans:
Na
+ NH3
Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

Section: 3.3
44. What is the Keq for the following reaction?

+ H3O
+ H2O
II.
I.
H3O
Keq=
H2O
Keq=
H3O
IV.
III.
Keq=
Keq=
H3O
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
H2O
H
O
I
II
III
IV
Both II & III
Ans: C

Section: 3.3
45. Which of the following compounds is most acidic?
O
OH
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
II
III
I
II
III
IV
None of these
Ans: B

Section: 3.3
NH2
IV
46. Which of the following compounds is most basic?

O
OH
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
NH2
II
IV
III
I
II
III
IV
None of these
Ans: D

Section: 3.3
OH
OH
NH2
NH2
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
II
III
I
II
III
IV
All of these
Ans: A

Section: 3.3
IV

OH
OH
NH2
NH2
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
II
III
IV
I
II
III
IV
All of these
Ans: C

Section: 3.3
O
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
II
III
I
II
III
IV
All of these
Ans: D

Section: 3.3
IV
50. Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, is important in the synthesis of the

neurotransmitter serotonin in the body. It has the following structure. Circle the three
most acidic protons in tryptophan.
O
O
H
H
N
H
N
H
Ans:
O
H
H
N
H
N
H

Section: 3.3
51. Histidine an amino acid has the following structure. Circle the three most acidic protons
in histidine.
H
CH2
H
H
CH2
C
C
Ans:
H
C
C
N
H
H

Section: 3.3
52. For the following acid-base reaction, predict which side the equilibrium is favored.
+ NaOH
+ H2O
A) favor right side

B) favor left side
C) neither
Ans: A
Section: 3.3
OH
+ H2O
+ H3O
A) favor right side

B) favor left side
C) neither
Ans: B
Section: 3.3
O
H
N
O
H
A) favor right side

B) favor left side
C) neither
Ans: A
Section: 3.3
O
N
H
O
Li
A) favor right side

B) favor left side
C) neither
Ans: A
+
Li
Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Qualitative Perspective

Section: 3.4
56.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Which of the following compounds is most acidic?

HF
HCl
HBr
HI
Ans: D

Section: 3.4
57.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Which of the following compounds is most acidic?

CH3OH
HCl
CH3SH
CH3NH2
Ans: B

Section: 3.4
58. Which of the following compounds is more acidic? Explain why.
HF and HBr
Ans: HBr is more acidic than HF. The Br- ion has larger atomic size than the F- ion,
which allows for spreading of charge over a larger volume of space. This results
in more stable anion and a weak conjugate base.
Section: 3.4

CH3OH and CH3NH2
Ans: CH3OH is more acidic than CH3NH2. The conjugate base CH3O- is more stable
than CH3NH-, because oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen and can
stabilize the negative charge better, resulting in weak conjugate base.
Section: 3.4
60. Determine which proton is most acidic in the following compound. Explain why.
H
II
Ans: H(I) is more acidic as the sulfur atom in the conjugate base has larger atomic size
than the oxygen, which allows for spreading of charge over a larger volume of
space. This results in more stable anion and a weak conjugate base.
Section: 3.4
61. Rank the following protons in decreasing order (most to least) of acidity.
OH III
II
I H
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
II>III>I
I>II>III
III>I>II
III>II>I
None of these
Ans: D

Section: 3.4

O
OH
OH
A)
B)
C)
D)
II
I
II
III
IV
Ans: A
IV
III

Section: 3.4
63. Which of the indicated protons is most acidic?
H
A)
B)
C)
D)
I
II
III
IV
Ans: D
II
III
IV

Section: 3.4
64. Rank the indicated protons in decreasing order (most to least) of acidity.
IH
II H
III H
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
II>I>III
II>III>I
I>III>II
I>II>III
III>II>I
Ans: D

Section: 3.4
65. Which compound has the most acidic proton? Explain your choice.
O
II
Ans: Compound II.

The conjugate base of both compounds is resonance stabilized. For compound II
the negative charge ends up on more electronegative oxygen atom in one of the
resonance structure whereas in compound I the negative charge is on less
electronegative carbon atom in every resonance structure.
Section: 3.4
66. Which of the indicated protons is most acidic? Explain your choice.
IH
II H
III H
Ans: H-I is most acidic because the conjugate base is resonance stabilized. The
negative charge is delocalized over four atoms, one oxygen atom and three carbon
atoms.
Section: 3.4
O
OH
A)
B)
C)
D)
I
II
III
IV
Ans: B
OH
F
II
OH
I
III
OH
Br
IV

Section: 3.4
O
F
OH
F
A)
B)
C)
D)
OH
OH
Cl
II
I
II
III
IV
Ans: A
OH
III
Br
IV

Section: 3.4
O
OH
OH
F
A)
B)
C)
D)
Cl
OH
II
OH
Br
III
IV
I
II
III
IV
Ans: B

Section: 3.4
O
OH
A)
B)
C)
D)
Cl
I
II
III
IV
Ans: D
OH
OH
II
Cl
III
Cl
OH
F
IV

Section: 3.4
71. Rank the following compounds in decreasing order (most to least) of acidity.
O
Br
Br
OH
Br
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
OH
OH
II
Br
Br III
III>II>IV>I
II>IV>III>II
IV>III>II>I
IV>II>III>I
III>IV>II>I
Ans: E

Section: 3.4
72. Which of the indicated protons is most acidic?
II H
I H
S
O
H
O
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
IV
O
H
III
I
II
III
IV
All of these
Ans: D

Section: 3.4
Br
OH
Br
IV
73. Which of the indicated protons is most acidic? Explain why.

H
CF3
II H
N
H
Ans: H-II is more acidic.

The conjugate base is stabilized by the inductive effect of the adjacent fluorine
atoms, which are closer to position II than position I.
Section: 3.4
74. Explain why phenol is more acidic than ethanol.
O
H
H
O
ethanol
Phenol
Ans: The conjugate base of phenol is resonance stabilized, resulting in a weaker

conjugate base. The conjugate base of ethanol has localized charge.
Section: 3.4
O
H
II
Ans: Compound I is more acidic. The conjugate base of both compounds is resonance
stabilized. The conjugate base of I has negative charge on more electronegative
oxygen atom, resulting in a more stable conjugate base.
Section: 3.4
76. Aspartic acid, an amino acid, has the following structure. Circle the most acidic proton
in aspartic acid. Explain your choice.
H
O
H
H
N
H
O
H
Ans:
H
O
O
H
H
N
H
O
H
The conjugate base is stabilized by the inductive effect of the adjacent nitrogen
atom.
Topic: Position of Equilibrium and Choice of Reagents
Section: 3.5
+
F3C
OH
OH
+
F3C
A) favor right side

B) favor left side
C) neither
Ans: A
Section: 3.5
C
A) favor right side

B) favor left side
C) neither
Ans: B
Section: 3.5
+
A) favor right side

B) favor left side
C) neither
Ans: A
Section: 3.5
OH
SH
A) favor right side

B) favor left side
C) neither
Ans: B
Section: 3.5
Explain why.
OH
SH
Ans: Favors the left side.

Sulfur is a larger atom and the negative charge is spread over a larger volume of
space. This results in more stable anion and a weaker base.
Section: 3.5
Explain why.
+
Ans: Favors the right side.

Both the base and the conjugate base have negative charge on carbon atom. The
negative charge on conjugate base is stabilized via resonance, resulting in a more
stable base.
Section: 3.5
Explain why.
O
F3C
OH
OH
+
F3C
Ans: Favors the right side.

Both the base and the conjugate base have negative charge on oxygen atom. The
negative charge on conjugate base is stabilized via inductive effect of the fluorine
on the adjacent carbon, resulting in a more stable base.
Section: 3.5
84. Determine if H2O is a suitable reagent to protonate the following compound.
O
A) yes
B) no
Ans: B
Section: 3.5
85. Determine if H2O is a suitable reagent to protonate the following compound.
O
H
S
O
A) yes
B) no
Ans: B

Section: 3.5
86. Determine if H2O is a suitable reagent to protonate the following compound. Explain
why.
N
H
Ans: Yes.
The conjugate base of water has negative charge on more electronegative oxygen
atom, making it more stable.
Section: 3.5
why.
O
Ans: No.
The base and the conjugate base have localized negative charge on the oxygen
atom. This results in similar stability.
Section: 3.5
88. Determine if NaOH is a suitable reagent to deprotonate the following compound.
A) Yes
B) No
Ans: B
Section: 3.5
89. Determine if NaNH2 is a suitable reagent to deprotonate the following compound.

O
A) Yes
B) No
Ans: A
Section: 3.5
90. Determine if NaOH is a suitable reagent to deprotonate the following compound.
Explain why.
Ans: No.
The base has negative charge on more electronegative oxygen, whereas the
conjugate base has negative charge on less electronegative carbon atom.
Section: 3.5
91. Determine if NaNH2 is a suitable reagent to deprotonate the following compound.
Explain why.
O
Ans: Yes.
The conjugate base is resonance stabilized with delocalization of charge over two
oxygen atoms. This is more stable than the amide base, which has a negative
charge localized on one nitrogen atom.
Section: 3.5
92. Determine if CH3CH2ONa is a suitable reagent to deprotonate the following compound.

Explain why. Draw the complete reaction, including the curved arrow mechanism.
N
H
Ans: No.
+
O Na
Na
OH
The base has negative charge on more electronegative oxygen atom, compared to
a nitrogen atom in the conjugate base. This results in a more stable base.
Section: 3.5
why. Draw the complete reaction, including the curved arrow mechanism.
S Na
Ans: No.
S
S Na
H
H
+ NaOH
Sulfur is a larger atom compared to an oxygen atom and the negative charge is
spread over a larger volume of space. Furthermore the sulfur anion is resonance
stabilized. These two factors results in more stable anion and a weaker base
Topic: Leveling Effect
Section: 3.6
94.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Which of the following solvents can be used with NaNH2?

CH3CH2OH
CH3OH
H2O
Liquid NH3
Ans: D

Section: 3.6
95.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Which of the following solvents can not be used with (CH3)3COK?

(CH3CH2)2O
(CH3)3COH
H2O
Liquid NH3
None of these
Ans: C

Section: 3.6
96.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Which of the following solvents can be used with (CH3)3CLi?

CH3CH2OH
CH3OH
H2O
Liquid NH3
CH3(CH2)4CH3
Ans: E

Section: 3.6
97. As a result of the "leveling effect," the strongest acid that can exist in appreciable
concentration in aqueous solution is ____.
A) H2SO4
B) HCl
C) H3O+
D) HNO3
E) All of these
Ans: C
Section: 3.6
98. What is the leveling effect?
Ans: It is the deprotonation of a solvent by a base or protonation of solvent by an acid.
Section: 3.6
99. What is the strongest base that can be used with water as a solvent?
Ans: hydroxide
Topic: Counterions
Section: 3.8
100.
A)
B)
C)
D)
What is a cation?
a negatively charged ion
a positively charged ion
a sodium atom
Both B & C
Ans: B
Topic: Counterions
Section: 3.8
101.
A)
B)
C)
D)
What is the counterion in NaOCH2CH3?

Na+
NaO
CH3CH2
CH3CH2O
Ans: A
Topic: Counterions
Section: 3.8
102.
A)
B)
C)
D)
What is the counterion in (CH3)3CLi?

CH3+
CH3
C(CH3)3
Li+
Ans: D
Topic: Counterions
Section: 3.8
103. What is a counterion in (CH3)3COK?
Ans: K+
Topic: Lewis Acids and Bases
Section: 3.9
104.
A)
B)
C)
D)
A Lewis acid is defined as _____.

a proton donor
an electron pair donor
a hydroxide donor
an electron pair acceptor
Ans: D

Section: 3.9
105.
A)
B)
C)
D)
A Lewis base is defined as _____.

a proton donor
an electron pair donor
a hydroxide donor
an electron pair acceptor
Ans: B

Section: 3.9
106.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
CH3CH2OCH2CH3, is best classified as a ____.

Brnsted-Lowry acid
Lewis acid
Brnsted-Lowry base
Lewis base
Both C & D
Ans: E

Section: 3.9
107.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
BF3, is best classified as a ____.

Brnsted-Lowry acid
Lewis acid
Brnsted-Lowry base
Lewis base
Both A & D
Ans: B

Section: 3.9
108. The following compound is best classified as a ____.

S
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Brnsted-Lowry acid
Lewis acid
Brnsted-Lowry base
Lewis base
Both C & D
Ans: E

Section: 3.9
109. The following compound is best classified as a ____.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Brnsted-Lowry acid
Lewis acid
Brnsted-Lowry base
Lewis base
Both C & D
Ans: B

Section: 3.9
110.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Which of the following compounds is not a Lewis acid?

BH3
AlCl3
CH3CH3
CH3CH2+
Both C & D
Ans: C

Section: 3.9
111.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Which of the following compounds is not a Lewis acid?

BF3
FeCl3
CH3CH2+
Ph3P
none of these
Ans: D

Section: 3.9
112. For the following reaction, identify the Lewis acid.
Cl
Cl
Fe
Cl
Cl
Cl
A)
B)
C)
D)
Cl
Cl
Cl
II
I
II
III
Both I & III
Ans: A
Fe
Cl
Cl
III

Section: 3.9
H
H
H
NH2
H
II
H
A)
B)
C)
D)
I
II
III
Both I & III
Ans: A

Section: 3.9
III
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
I
II
III
IV
None of these
Ans: A

Section: 3.9
O
N
+ O
II
A)
B)
C)
D)
III
I
II
III
None of these
Ans: B

Section: 3.9
116. For the following reaction, identify the Lewis base.
H
H
H
NH2
II
B
H
A)
B)
C)
D)
I
II
III
None of these
Ans: B
III
Section: 3.9
117. For the following reaction, identify the Lewis base.
Cl
Cl
Fe
Cl
Cl
Cl
A)
B)
C)
D)
Cl
Cl
Cl
II
I
II
III
None of these
Ans: B
Fe
Cl
Cl
III

Section: 3.9
118. For the following reaction, identify the Lewis acid and the Lewis base.
+ AlCl3
AlCl3
Cl
Cl
Ans:
+ AlCl3
AlCl3
Cl
Cl
Lewis acid
Lewis base

Section: 3.9
119. For the following reaction, identify the Lewis acid and the Lewis base.
H
H
N
NH2
Ans:
H
N
Lewis acid
NH2
Lewis base

Section: 3.9
120. For the following reaction, identify the Lewis acid and the Lewis base and draw the
curved arrow mechanism.
Cl
Cl
Fe
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Fe
Cl
Ans:
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Fe
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Fe
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Lewis acid
Lewis base

Section: 3.9
121. For the following reaction, identify the Lewis acid and the Lewis base and draw the
curved arrow mechanism.
H
H
N
NH2
Ans:
H
N
Lewis acid
NH2
Lewis base

Section: 3.9
122. Predict the product(s) for the following reaction and draw the curved arrow mechanism.
S
+ BF3
Ans:
BF3
S
+ BF3
Section: 3.9
123. Predict the product(s) for the following reaction and draw the curved arrow mechanism.
O
+ AlCl3
Ans:
AlCl3
AlCl3
+ AlCl3
Topic: Integrated Problems

Section: 3.1-3.5
124. For the following reaction identify the acid and the base and predict the products. Draw
the curved arrow mechanism for the formation of products and predict the direction of
the equilibrium.
H
N
+ Na CN
Ans:
+ Na CN
+ HCN + Na
Base
Acid

Section: 3.1-3.5
the equilibrium.
O
O
H
Ans:
O
H
Base
Acid

Section: 3.1-3.5
the equilibrium.
O
H
N
Ans:
H
H
H
N
Base
Acid
O
H
H
N
O
+
H
N
H

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Chapter Three

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Difficulty Level: Easy

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

8. For the following reaction, which reactant functions as a base?

Which of the following is not a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Which of the following is not a Bronsted-Lowry base?

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

In a Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction the product(s) is (are) a _______.

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

A loss of proton from a Brnsted-Lowry acid results in a ___.

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

A gain of proton by a Brnsted-Lowry base results in a ___.

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

What is the conjugate base of nitric acid?

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

What is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid?

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

What is the conjugate base of CH3CH2SH?

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

20. Draw the conjugate acid of the following compound.

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Topic: Introduction to Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

24. Draw the conjugate base of the following compound.

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

27. Which is the conjugate acid in the following reaction?

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

A) The curved arrow should start at the carbonyl oxygen atom

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

42. Predict the products for the following acid-base reaction.

Topic: Flow of Electron Density: Curved Arrow Notation

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

44. What is the Keq for the following reaction?

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

46. Which of the following compounds is most basic?

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

48. Which of the following compounds is most basic?

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

50. Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, is important in the synthesis of the

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

Topic: Brnsted-Lowry Acid: Quantitative Perspective

A) favor right side