Animal Farm &

Allegory
Making historical allegorical connections through
our domain vocabulary (Chapters 1-4)

Chapter One:
Historical Allegories

 Tsar: is a title used to

designate supreme rulers. A
system of government, or
autocracy.

Mr. Jones

Tsar
Nicholas II
of Russia

Autocracy: is a system of
government in which
supreme power is in the
hands on one person.
Dictatorship and Absolute
monarchy are forms of this
concentrated power.
Nicholas II was the last Tsar
emperor of Russia.
He ruled from November
1894 to his forced abdication
in March 1917.
His nickname was Nicholas
the Bloody.

Old Major

Vladimir
Lenin
&
Karl Marx

Lenin: a Russian
communist revolutionary,
a politician and a political
theorist who was
politically active from
1917-1924. Under his
administration, Russia
and the wider Soviet
Union became a oneparty communist state.
He was a Marxist.
Marx: was a
philosopher, economist,
sociologist, journalist and
revolutionary socialist.
He is famous for writing
the Communist
Manifesto.

From The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx

1. Abolition of property in land and application of all

rents of land to public purposes.
2. A heavy progressive or graduated income tax.
3. Abolition of all rights of inheritance.
4. Confiscation of the property of all immigrants and
rebels.
5. Centralization of credit in the banks of the state, by
means of a national bank with state capital and an
exclusive monopoly.
6. Centralization of the means of communication and
transport in the hands of the state.
7. Extension of factories and instruments of production
owned by the state; the bringing into cultivation of
waste lands, and
8. the improvement of the soil generally in accordance
with a common plan.
9. Equal obligation of all to work. Establishment of

No Animal Must Ever:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Live in a house
Sleep in a bed
Wear clothes
Drink alcohol
Some tobacco
Touch money
Engage in trade

The Animals

Russian
people

While under the Tsar, about half of all Russians were

slaves, known as 'serfs', and were treated - Orwell
suggests - like animals.
Old Major describes the animals' lives as misery and
slavery, miserable, laborious and short, and that
man is the only creature that consumes without
producing...
Through those lines, Orwell is picking up on the vast
inequality between rich and poor in Russia.

Beasts of
England

An allegory
for

Beasts of England, Beasts of Ireland,

Beasts of every land and clime,
Hearken to my joyful tidings
Bright will shine the fields of
Of the Golden future time.
England,
Purer shall its waters be,
Soon or late the day is coming,
Sweeter yet shall blow its breezes
Tyrant Man shall be o'erthrown,
On the day that sets us free.
And the fruitful fields of England
Shall be trod by beasts alone.
For that day we all must labour,
Though we die before it break;
Rings shall vanish from our noses,
Cows and horses, geese and
And the harness from our back,
turkeys,
Bit and spur shall rust forever,
All must toil for freedom's sake
Cruel whips no more shall crack.
.
Beasts of England, Beasts of
Riches more than mind can picture,
Ireland,
Wheat and barley, oats and hay,
Beasts of every land and clime,
Clover, beans, and mangel-wurzels
Hearken well, and spread my
Shall be ours upon that day.
tidings
Of the Golden future time.

The
Internationa
le
One of the most
recognizable and popular
songs of the socialist
movement since the late
19th century.
Was adopted it as its official
anthem of socialism.
The Internationale has been
celebrated by Socialists,
Communists, Anarchists,
Democratic Socialists, and
Social Democrats.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t8EMx7Y16Vo

Stand up, people of the Earth

Stand up, prisoners of starvation
Reason thunders in its volcano
This is the eruption of the end.
Of the past let us make a clean slate
Enslaved masses, stand up, stand up.
The world is about to change its
foundation
We are nothing, let us be all.
This is the final struggle
Let us group together, and tomorrow
The Internationale
Will be the human race.
There are no supreme saviours
Neither God, nor Caesar, nor tribune.
Producers, let us save ourselves,
Decree the common salvation.
So that the thief expires,
So that the spirit be pulled from its prison,
Let us fan our forge ourselves
Strike the iron while it is hot.
This is the final struggle
Let us group together, and tomorrow
The Internationale
Will be the human race.
The State oppresses and the law cheats.
Tax bleeds the unfortunate.
No duty is imposed on the rich;
The rights of the poor is an empty phrase.
Enough languishing in custody!
Equality wants other laws:
No rights without duties, she says,
Equally, no duties without rights.
This is the final struggle
Let us group together, and tomorrow
The Internationale
Will be the human race.

Hideous in their apotheosis

The kings of the mine and of
the rail.
Have they ever done anything
other
Than steal work?
Inside the safeboxes of the
gang,
What work had created
melted.
By ordering that they give it
back,
The people want only their
due.
This is the final struggle
Let us group together, and
tomorrow
The Internationale
Will be the human race.
The kings made us drunk with
fumes,
Peace among us, war to the
tyrants!
Let the armies go on strike,
Stocks in the air, and break
ranks.
If they insist, these cannibals
On making heroes of us,
They will know soon that our
bullets
Are for our own generals.
This is the final struggle
Let us group together, and
tomorrow
The Internationale
Will be the human race.
Workers, peasants, we are
The great party of labourers.

Chapter Two:
Historical Allegories

Animalism

Communis
m

Communism: a
political theory derived
from Karl Marx,
advocating class war
and leading to a society
in which all property is
publicly owned and
each person works and
is paid according to
their abilities and
needs.

 Similarly to Nicholas II and the Russian people, Jones

is not in touch with his animals.

Jones
forgetting
to feed the
animals

Jones indulges when it comes to himself (alcohol) and

yet forgets to feed his animals. Much like the famine
Nicholas II caused by becoming entangled in WWI
He ignored the condition of his people and they
starved.
Like the animals rebellion of breaking into food, the
February Revolution of 1917 was rather random.
This lead to the abdication of Nicholas II, just like this
led to the animals kicking out Jones.

Changing
the Name
Manor Farm

Animal
Farm

Manor Farm is a representation of Saint

Petersburg, the imperial capital of Russia, founded
by Tsar Peter the Great in 1703.
In 1914 the name of the city was changed from Saint
Petersburg to Petrograd. Then in 1924, the name
changed again to Leningrad, which Animal Farm is
an allegory for.
In 1991, the name eventually returned to Saint
Petersburg (any guess to what might happen in the
book?)

The Revolution occurred in two waves:

Background
on the
Russian
Revolution

The February Revolution (March 1917) which led

to getting rid of the Tsar. (Kicking out Jones)
The October Revolution (7th-8th) which is when the
Bolsheviks appointed themselves as leaders of
various government ministries and seized control of
the countryside.
The dates are wonky because the Russians used to
refer to the Julian or Old Style calendar.

 He was the leader of the

Soviet Union from the mid1920s, until his death in 1953.

Napoleon

Joseph
Stalin

He subsequently managed to
consolidate power following
the 1924 death of Vladimir
Lenin (like Napoleon does
after Old Major Dies)
Under Stalin's rule, the
concept of "Socialism in One
Country" became a central
tenet of Soviet society,
contrary to Leon Trotsky's
view that socialism must be
spread through continuous
international revolutions.
(Just like Napoleon and
Snowball disagreeing on
EVERYTHING)

 was a Marxist revolutionary and

theorist, Soviet politician, and
the founding leader of the Red
Army.

Snowball

Leon
Trotsky

He joined the Bolsheviks after

the 1917 October Revolution,
and eventually became a
leader within the Communist
Party.
Trotsky was removed from
power in October 1927
He was expelled from the
Communist Party in November
1927
He was exiled from the Soviet
Union in February 1929.
On Stalin's orders, he was
assassinated in Mexico in
August 1940

 Translates to: "Truth.

It was the official
newspaper of the
Communist Party of the
Soviet Union.

Squealer

Propaganda

It was one of the most

influential papers in the
country with a
circulation of 11 million.
The newspaper began
publication on 5 May
1912 in the Russian
Empire and emerged as
a leading newspaper of
the Soviet Union after
the October Revolution.

In 1914 there were:

Moses and
Sugarcand
y Mountain

Organized
Religion

55,173 Russian Orthodox

churches.
29,593 chapels.
112,629 priests and deacons.
550 monasteries and 475
convents with a total of 95,259
monks and nuns in Russia.
Bolsheviks took power in October
1917 and declared a separation
of church and state.
The Russian Orthodox Church
found itself without official state
backing for the first time in its
history.
Could be why we dont see much
of Moses around? Maybe hes lost
without Jones, without backing?

 During the 1890s,

Russia's industrial
development led to a
large increase in the
size of the urban
middle-class and of the
working class

Mollie

The
Bourgeoisie

The Russian working

class was
comparatively stronger
and the Russian
bourgeoisie
comparatively weaker
than in the West
The working class and
peasants became the
first to establish
political parties in
Russia, because the
nobility and the wealthy
bourgeoisie were

Chapter Three:
Historical Allegories

Boxer

The
Proletariat

The term proletariat is

used in Marxist theory
to name the social class
that does not have
ownership of the means
of production, and
whose only means of
subsistence is to sell
their labor power for a
wage or salary.

The Flags

The green stands for

the field of England.
The hoof and horn
signified the future
Republic of England
of the animals which
would arise when
the humans had
been finally
overthrown.

The red flag was a

traditional
revolutionary
symbol long before
1917.
Hammer (workers)
Sickle (peasants)
Represents the
victorious and

 Is the Committee for

State Security ( In
Russian: Komitet
gosudarstvennoy
bezopasnosti)

The Puppies

KGB

It was the main

security agency for
the Soviet Union from
1954 until in 1991.
The KGB was a
military service and
was governed by
army laws and
regulations, similar to
the Soviet Army.

Chapter Four:
Historical Allegories

 Also known as the October

Revolution.

The
Rebellion

The
Bolshevik
Revolution

It followed directly after the

February Revolution, in the same
year.
It was a seizure of state power
instrumental in the larger
Russian Revolution of 1917.
During this time, urban workers
began to organize into councils.
(Much like Snowballs in chapt 3)
The October Revolution in
Petrograd overthrew the
provisional government and
gave the power to the local
soviets.
(This was the initial overthrowing
of Jones, which led to the Battle of
Cowshed)

 Also known as the

White Guard

Neighboring
Farms

The White
Army

was a loose
confederation of AntiCommunist forces that
fought the Bolsheviks
(aka the pigs)
Pinchfield Represents
Germany
Foxwood Represents
the U.K.
(They lost the Battle of
Cowshed)