Annotated Bibliography by Cliff Scott

Gasoline
The use of gasoline has been prominent in our society for numerous decades.
The reference entries from the Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia (Funk, &
Wagnalls. (2014). Gasoline. Retrieved February 21, 2016, from
http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?sid=0dcdc7a9-10ef48bb-a30e71dfcd6e4433@sessionmgr4002&vid=0&hid=4112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl
2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=GA017200&db=funk) shed light on the mixture of
gasoline, as well as the production methods. Octane ratings and gasoline additives
are also discussed. Prices and alternative fuels are covered with references to
Americas socioeconomically status. Speaking of alternative fuels, ethanol is also
broken down in this Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia entry (Funk, &
Wagnalls. (2014). Gasoline-Ethanol Blends. Retrieved February 21, 2016, from
http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?sid=185e0bc4-6233427e-b17c2814f7426d72@sessionmgr4001&vid=0&hid=4112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbG
l2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=GA017250&db=funk). The history and conception of
ethanol, as well certain characteristics are explained in this entry. The controversy
of ethanol on plants and crops is also covered as well. These sources come from the
World Book Inc., in Chicago, IL. Seeing as theyre published in an encyclopedia, we
can be rest assured that these sources are scholarly in merit. They have also been
accessed using a refutable database, EBSCOHost, which adds to the scholarly merit.

Gasoline Prices and Statistics

These series of charts and diagrams from the U.S. Energy Information
Administration (Energy Prices. (2015, December 5). Retrieved February 21, 2016,
from http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?sid=1be0e347461a-45e7-9909829cce4f80f4@sessionmgr4002&vid=0&hid=4112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl
2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=112026289&db=f5h) lays out different aspects of crude
oil prices over a certain amount of years specified on the chart. They also show
commercial and residential usage of fuels in the United States. Adjusted prices from
oil producers are also shown in great detail. These charts and diagrams are from a
government funded operation intended purely for statistical use. This also qualifies
this source of scholarly merit. As well as its own citation, this source provides
numerous other citations from where the information originally was published.
Carmona, J. L. (2015, June 4). Gasoline prices spike as demand picks up. Caribbean
Business. Retrieved February 21, 2016, from
http://web.b.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?

vid=8&sid=ab8b77ca-c5e7-4fb7-bfd88f6199f12172@sessionmgr102&hid=115&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29
wZT1zaXRl#AN=103189689&db=b9h. This newpaper article from the Caribbean
Business shows the United States higher demand for gasoline, but the supplies
seem to be diminishing. The number of oil barrels that the United States has is
discussed in detail. Also, an oil rig specialist is interviewed, giving his statement on
the status of the oil. This article is relevant because it shows the need for fuel in the
United States, and the possibly diminishing supply. It also gives reference to another
U.S. territory and how the prices are affecting it. This newspaper article is about the
price of oil and why the prices are rising, which makes it refutable for use.
Geschwind, C. H. (2014). Gasoline Taxes and the Great Depression: A Comparative
History. Journal of Policy History, 26(4), 595-624. Retrieved February 21, 2016, from
http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?
vid=43&sid=2d876354-4d69-496c-8f138fa24051da22@sessionmgr4005&hid=4112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZz
Y29wZT1zaXRl#AN=97827937&db=aph. This next journal article discusses different
taxes of gasoline in the United States. Gasoline taxes in the Great Depression are
discussed as great lengths. Comparisons to European countries are made as well,
with statistics given. With a long page of references, the scholarly merit of this
article is very high and very refutable to be used for future research. This article
was also published in the Journal of Policy History, a well-known refutable source.
Affiliations with Washington D.C. in the United States are also made clear in the
article.
Alternatives
Truett, R. (n.d.). EPA studies higher octane for gasoline. Retrieved February
22, 2016, from http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?
sid=6ff408fa-b2a8-45bc-9d433376636ec301@sessionmgr4002&vid=1&hid=4112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbG
l2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=108784661&db=b9h. Discussions were made by the
EPA about using higher octane fuel in combustible engines. Compression ratios will
be raised, which intern, will give the engine more power. All of this in the effort to
make the engines smaller, and therefore, cut down the high usage of gasoline. This
article is taken from a verbal interview from a representative of the EPA (Office of
Transportation and Air Quality). The idea of this article is very much usable in an
essay on possible alternative fuels. The EPA also signed off on this article. Milne, B.
L. (2014). Alternative Fuels Gaining Traction. Convenience Store Decisions, 25(1),
20-20. Retrieved February 22, 2016, from
http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?sid=3c2dc399-4e944ccd-847f3eca60faa67d@sessionmgr4005&vid=0&hid=4112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl
2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=94085513&db=b9h. This article shows different statistics
of fuels in the United States from different automotive companies. There are a few

alternative fuel vehicles up and running in the United States as well. The sales of
these alternative fuels are notable, but only on a smaller scale. This article is
relevant because it was published in the midst of the creation of alternative fuels. It
shows the landscape change and how alternative fuels could possibly become more
common than combustible gasoline. Different refutable companies and motor
companies were referenced in this article. Gonzalez, M., Alvarado, G., & Uruea, G.
(2015). Multivariate analysis of performance and emissions for internal combustion
engines running with gasoline-ethanol blends. Revista De Ingenieria Energetica,
36(3), 232-242. Retrieved February 22, 2016, from
http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?sid=dd59d4f4-f0b7435d-8da48014ee5fea3f@sessionmgr4005&vid=0&hid=4112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl
2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=111069438&db=zbh. This journal article shows some
implementations of ethanol and biofuels in countries like Colombia. Different
statistics and variables are put to test in a trail between two engines. The results
are recorded on graphs and in paragraph form, showing favor to the ethanol infused
gasoline combustible engine. This article shows the usage of ethanol gasoline in a
different environment than America, which can produce interesting results. Its also
good to weigh the options between America and other countries. This article was
obtained by a government department of Colombia that was translated into English.
This warrants a scholarly result on the graphic information, as well as the text.
Past, Present, and Future
BARNES Reports: Other Gasoline Stations Industry (NAICS 44719). (2014,
January 1). Retrieved February 21, 2016, from
http://web.a.ebscohost.com.lib.ottawa.edu/ehost/detail/detail?sid=3865db20-10c94948-a9af5f86f6baf988@sessionmgr4005&vid=0&hid=4112&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl
2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=101699577&db=b9h. This United States Industry Report
shows market reports, industry trends and demographic data. It shows an estimated
amount of money the oil industry has made, as well as the employment that has
been provided. These are reports of other gasoline stations, such as convenience
and gasoline stores, that have been recorded and put into this report. This report
shows important data on employment that the oil and fuel industry has been able to
give. Also, it shows the profit that theyve made, which is used to keep our country
running as it is. This report is of scholarly merit because it comes from the Barnes
Report, a government ran operation. Netschert, B. C. (1958). The future supply of oil
and gas. Baltimore: J. Hopkins. This book serves as a prediction of how the oil and
gas industry will progress/regress in the coming years to 1975. It provides
information on the standing oil and gas statistics in 1958. The whole book is cited
because the information is valuable throughout, which includes different graphs and
charts that are aesthetically clear. This book isnt useful so much for the fact that
its predicting what the future was, but it shows some scholarly predictions that are

based on clear data. It also shows different theories on how the oil and gas
companies might change or be eliminated from the upcoming race to suit the need
for energy.