DISEO DE UNA ZAPATA AISLADA

Disear la zapata mostrada en la fig: Si la Columna de 70 x 50 lleva 10 fierros de 1" y transmite

las cargas PD = 180 tn y PL = 100 tn . La capacidad portante admisible del suelo es qa = 2.5 kg/cm2
; ademas fy = 4200kg/cm2 , fy = 280 kg/cm2 en la columna y fc = 210 kg/cm2 en la zapata

DATOS:
Zapata
210 kg/cm
Columna
f ' c = 280 kg/cm
b=
50 cm
t=
70 cm
f'c=

S/C =
PD =
PL =

Otros
550 kg/m
180 Tn
100 Tn

Acero
f y = 4200 kg/cm

Df =
2 =
qa =
db =
Lv =

Suelo
1.4 m
1700 kg/m
2.50 kg/cm
2.54 cm
150 cm

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

Ld =

Reemplazo los valores que tenemos:

0.08.
db.Fy
Ld =

f'c

Tomar

58.89 cm

Ld = 58.89 cm

Df

(Del problema se emplean varillas de 1")

b ( 1") = 2.54 cm
r.e. =
7.50 cm
(recubrimiento)
hc =
68.93 cm
Tomar
hc =
70.00 cm
hc = Ld + r.e + b
ht = Df - hc
ht =
70.00 cm

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qm qa ht chc-s/c

qm = 2.16 kg/cm

t
t
T

Clculo del rea de la zapata ( Az )

P
qm
(t1-t2)
T= Az
2
(t1-t2)
S Az
2
Azap

Azap = 129,629.63 cm
T =
370.00
cm
B =
350.00
cm

Donde:
P = Carga de servicio
Lv = Volados iguales s
excentricidad

2.- DETERMINACIN DE LA REACCIN AMPLIFICADA ( qmu )

Wnu

Pux 180000 + 1.7 x 100000

1.4
=
350 x 370
Azap

3.26

kg/cm2

Donde:
Pu = Carga Ultima

3.- VERIFICACION POR CORTE ( = 0.85 )

Por Flexin:
Lv = 150.00
r.e = 7.50
b ( 3/4") = 1.91
d = 60.59
Vdu = 101,975.73
= 0.85

Tt
Lv
2
Vdu=(WnuxB)(L v-d)
Vc=0.53 f'cbd
Vc Vdu

(Suponiendo varillas 3/4")

( d = hc - b - r.e. )

(Coef. De reduccion por cort

Vc = 162,875.03 kg
Vc = 138,443.78 kg
Vc > Vdu OK!

Por Punzonamiento:

Vc=0.27 2+

Vu=Pu-Wnu x mn
374,938.21

kg

Dmayor
, 2 Vc=1.06
c
Dmenor
Vu Vc; =0.85

bo = 2 x ( t + d ) + 2 x ( b + d ) =
bo = 482.36
cm

2m +2n
(perimetro de los
planos de falla)
* f 'c^.5 * bo * d = 1.06 * f 'c^.5 * bo * d

Vc = 0.27 * 2 + 4
c
Vc = 555,426.41 kg
Vc = 472,112.45 kg
Vc > Vdu
OK!
c = lado mayor columna
(
t
)
c =
lado menor columna ( b )

Vc=
Vc=

448,939.43 Kg
381,598.52

Kg

1.4

d/2
d/2

m=t+d
n=t+b
bo = 2*m + 2*n
Vu = vc OK !

f ' cbo d

Vu =

cm
cm
cm
cm
kg

m = 130.59
n = 110.59
Vu = 1.1 x f'c x bo x d
Vu = 448,939.43
kg
kg
vc = 381,598.52

t
m = t+d
T

4.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO LONGITUDINAL ( = 0.90 )

Direccin Mayor:

(Wnu x B)L v 2
2
Mu
As=
a
Fy(d- )
2
As.Fy
a
0.85f'c b

Mu=

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

Lv =
Mu =

150.00
12,831,081.08

cm
ree = 7.50
kg-cm b ( 3/4") = 1.91

cm2
B=
350.00
d = 60.59 cm2
a = 3.89 cm (Valor Asumido)
2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
As = 57.88 cm
a = 3.89 cm
# Varilla ( n ) = 20
2
Espaciam = 17.53
As = 57.88 cm2
20 3/4" @ 17.53

As mn = 44.1

cm2

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 15
Espaciam = 23.79
15 3/4" @ 23.79

As

>

As mn

OK !!

Direccin Menor:
As tranv = As * T
B
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!

T = 370
ree = 7.50
b ( 3/4") = 1.91
B = 350 cm
2
d = 60.59 cm2
a = 5.01 cm
(Valor Asumido)
2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 21
Espaciam = 17.65
As transv = 61.19 cm2
21 3/4" @ 17.65

Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 16
Espaciam = 23.54
16 3/4" @ 23.54

Asmin = 46.62 cm2

As transv

>

As mn

OK !!

Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = b * fy *
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

<

Lv1

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
( + 1 )

= 1.00
= 0.80
= 1.00
= 1.00

= Lado mayor Zapata

Lado menor Zapata
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1

b (3/4") = 1.91
r.e.e = 7.50
fy = 4200
f'c = 210

cm
Lv1 = 142.50
Ld = 50.04 cm
Ld < Lv1
Asc = 61.19

3xh

2.5

Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo

45 cm
>

C = 8.50
ktr = 0

17.65

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
q=

q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5

q < 2.5 ,PONER q

OK !!

cm2

OK !!

210 cm

5.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN COLUMNA - ZAPATA ( = 0.70 )

Para la seccin A colum = 70*50 = 3500 cm ( COLUMNA )
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)

cm2

kg
Pu = 422000
cm2
A1 = 3500
kg
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 583100

# Varilla ( n ) = 6

Ab
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

OK !!

cm2
As mn = 17.50
cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
cm2
USAR :
As1 = 17.50
OK !!
As col > As min

Para la seccin A zapata = 350*370 = 129500 cm ( ZAPATA )

kg
Pu = 422000
A1 = 3500 cm2
cm2
A2 = 129500

Pu < x 0.85 x f 'c x A2/A1 x A1

x 0.85 x f 'c x A2/A1 x A1 =

874650

kg

OK !!

1" y transmite
es qa = 2.5 kg/cm2

PD, PL

ht
Lv

hc

t
t

Carga de servicio
Volados iguales sin
excentricidad

Carga Ultima

poniendo varillas 3/4")

= hc - b - r.e. )

ef. De reduccion por corte)

4
+

f ' cbo d

n = b+d

or
, 2 Vc=1.06 f 'c bo d
c
or
=0.85

7.50

2.85
17.53
17.53

cm

2.85
23.79
23.79

cm

cm2

7.50

cm

cm2

2.85
17.65
17.65

cm

2.85
23.54
23.54

cm

uiente manera:

8.50

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
10.41
q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

A2/A1 =

Pgina 9 de 86

DISEO DE ZAPATA COMBINADA

Disear la zapata combinada que soportara las columnas mostradas en la figura. La capacidad portante del suelo es
qa = 2 kg/cm2Considere fy = 4200 kg/cm2 y f'c = 210 kg/cm2 para la cimentacion . F'c = 280 kg/cm2 en las columna
COL:
C1
C2

SECCION
50 X 50
40 X 50
b x t

REF.
9 3/4"
9 3/4"
Acero

PD
20
40
tn

PL
15
24
tn

PL1
S/C = 500 kg/m

2
b2

b1

t1

t2

4.55

Df = 1.60
m = 1800
qa = 2.00

1.40

m
Otros
kg/m3
S/C = 500 kg/m
kg/cm2 d(eje-eje)=
4.3 m

Columna
f ' c = 210 kg/cm

f'c=
fy =

Zapata
175 kg/cm
4200 kg/cm

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA ( Az = S*T )

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )
ld = 0.08 * b * Fy
raiz(f 'c)

b ( 3/4" ) =
0.08 x b x fy / f c =
.004*b*fy =

1.91
49
32

cm
cm
cm

ld =

49

cm

r.e =
hc=
ht=

7.50
59.00
101.00

cm
cm
cm

ht =

101.00

cm

qm =

1.63

OK !!

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy
Tomar
hc = ld + r.e + b
hm = Df - hc

Tomar

Longitud de desarrollo en co

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qm = qa - m*hm -c*hc - s/c

kg/cm

Clculo del rea de la zapata ( Az )

P1s =

Ps1 = P1D + P1L

Ps2 = P2D + P2L
Rs = P1s + P2s
20

+Mo = 0
Rs * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

35

20

Tn

P2s =

30

0
Xo

30

Pgina 10 de 86

Xo

Xo = ??

455.00
Rs =
Lz / 2
e = Lz / 2 - Xo
Lz / 6
e < Lz/6
q1,2 = Rs * 1 6 * e
Lz
Lz

P1s =
P2s =
Rs =
Xo =

35 Tn
64 Tn
99 Tn
301.21 cm

Lz =
Lz / 2 =
e=
Lz / 6=

625.00 cm
312.50 cm
11.29 cm
104 cm

170.00
99

Tn

Pgina 11 de 86

L = 2 x Xo
B =(P1s +P2s)
qn x L

L=
602
cm
B=
101
cm
tomamos B =
85 cm

Como S/C = 500 kg/cm, Verificamos las presiones del suelo - ADICIONAL ( q 1,2 )
Ps1 = P1D + 50%P1L
Ps2 = P2D + P2L
R1s = P1s + P2s

P1s =

+Mo = 0

20

R1s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

Xo = ??

27.5 Tn

P2s =

20

30

0
Xo
455.00

e = Xo1 - Xo
q = Ps + Mc = Ps + Ps x e
Az I
Az
I

30

P1s =
P2s =
R1s =
Xo1 =

27.5 Tn
64 Tn
91.5 Tn
324.26 cm

170.00

R1s = 91.5 Tn

e=

23.05

cm

q=
44.56
kg/cm2
q < qm cumple " OK "
q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B"

150 cm
Aumentamos el Ancho hc =
Un nuevo calculo
Ps = 91500 kg
q = 1.41 kg/cm2
e = 23.05 cm
B = 265
cm
I = 74531250
cm4

OK !!

Ps1 = P1D + P1L

Ps2 = P2D + 50%P2L
R2s = P1s + P2s

P1s =

+Mo = 0

20

R2s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

Xo = ??

35 Tn

P2s =

20

30

0
Xo
470.00

Lz / 2
e2 = Lz / 2 - Xo
Lz / 6
e2 < Lz/6
q1,2 = R2s * 1 6 * e2
B

30

P1s =
P2s =
R2s =
Xo =

35 Tn
52 Tn
87 Tn
288.97 cm

q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B"

q < qm cumple " OK "

1.40

R2s =

87 Tn

e=

12.24

cm

q=

1.62

kg/cm2

Pgina 12 de 86

2.- DISEO EN SENTIDO LONGITUDINAL

P1s =

35 Tn

Clculo de la presin neta por unidad de longitud ( qm )

0.2

qn = P1s + P2s
Az
qn = 6205.7293 kg/m
Por unidad de Longitud
qm = qm1*B

4.50

( No amplificada )

Por Unidad de LONGITUD

qm =

6205.73

kg/m

Pgina 13 de 86

55311.978
1241.15 kg

+
-

1.6297

-8688.022
-33758.85 kg
kg - m
-27385.1
M

+
124.12

kg - m
6081.62

Encontramos el diagrama de fuerzas cortantes verificamos el corte por Flexion:

d = -ree + hc
1.50 x Vu =
67050.27
d = 141.00
cm
Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) =
44700.18 kg
Aporte del Concreto :

Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d =
0.85 x Vc = 222678.77 kg
Aumentamos el Peralte a h =
150 cm.

Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) =
Aporte del Concreto :

261975.02 kg
OK !!
d=
h- ree
d=
141 cm

kg

ya que : F = ( 1.4 x D
F=

Vu < 0 x Vc

Cumple !!

44700.18 kg

Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d =
0.85 x Vc = 222678.77 kg

261975.02 kg
Vu < 0 x Vc Cumple !!
Vu < O x Vc CUMPLE !!

VERIFICACION POR CORTE ( = 0.85 )

COLUMNA EXTERIOR :
Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) =
31075.805 kg
Vu = 31075.80549 kg
c =
El aporte del Concreto :
1
bo = ( b + ,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) =

Vc = 0.27 x 2 +

422 cm

4 x f 'c x bo x d
c

Vc = 1396870.757 kg
Vc = 1187340.143 kg
Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d =

COLUMNA INTERIOR :
Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) =
Vu =
75697.49
kg
c =
El aporte del Concreto :
bo = ( b + 0,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) =

Vc = 0.27 x 2 +

4 x f 'c x bo x
c

Vc = 1412869.7 kg
Vc = 1200939.2 kg
948492.49 kg

Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d =

Pgina 14 de 86

Vc = 948492.49 kg
Vc = 806218.62 kg
CUMPLE !!
Vu < Vc

Vc = 1106949.2 kg
Vc = 940906.79 kg
CUMPLE !!
Vu < Vc

Pgina 15 de 86

4.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO EN EL TRAMO CENTRAL

X x qn - P1 = 0
X=

P1
qn
Calculo de As :

X = 5.64 m
m
m

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B )

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

Mu =

Mu =

P1 x X

91699.11
r .e .e =

B = 265 cm2
d = 141 cm2
a = 2.77 cm
As = 26.06 cm2
a = 2.78 cm
As = 26.06

qn x X^2
2

Mu = -91699.11

kg - m
8cm

db =1.91
cm2

(Valor Asumido)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
2.85 cm2
# Varilla ( n ) =
9
Espaciam =31 cm
9 3/4" @
31
cm

cm2

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = 24
Espaciam =11 cm
As mn = 67.26 cm2
24 3/4" @
11
cm
As

>

As mn ASUMIR As mn !!

5.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO POR DEBAJO DE LA COLUMNA INTERIOR

Mu =

qn x ( L )^2
2

Mu =

6081.61

L=

1.91

Calculo de As :

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B )

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

kg - m
m

1.4

Mu =

B = 265
d = 141
a = 0.18
As = 1.71
a = 0.18

cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm

As = 1.71 cm2

14 5/8"@ 22cm

6081.61
r .e .e =

kg - m
8cm

db =1.91
cm2

(Valor Asumido)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
2.85 cm2
# Varilla ( n ) =
1
Espaciam =#DIV/0!
cm
1 3/4" @
#DIV/0!cm

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = 25
Espaciam =10 cm
As mn = 71.55 cm2
25 3/4" @
10
cm
As

>

As mn

ASUMIR As mn !!

Disear en sentido transversal a cada columna le corresponde una porcion de Zapata

d/2

d/2

d/2

Pgina 16 de 86

1.205

ZAPATA EXTERIOR

1.91

ZAPATA INTERIOR

Pgina 17 de 86

qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

qn =

1.68

kg/cm2

Mu = 1169724

B = 120.5 cm2 r .e .e = 8 cm
db =
d = 141 cm
a = 0.52 2
(Valor Asumido)
cm
As = 2.20
cm2
a = 0.52
cm
As = 2.2

cm2

As mn = 32.54 cm2

1.59 cm2

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = 11
Espaciam = 10.00 cm
11 3/4" @ 10 cm

qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

qn = 1.91

B = 191
d = 141
a = 0.64
As = 4.34
a = 0.64

cm
cm2

As = 4.34

cm2

Mu =
r .e .e = 8 cm

cm
cm2
cm

As mn = 51.57

(Valor Asumido)

cm2

6.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN ZAPATA - COLUMNA( = 0.70 )

c
Para la seccin A columna = 50*50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA
)
m
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
Pu = 53500 2kg
A colum = b *t
A1 = 2500 cm2
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 312375 kg
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

As mn = 12.50cm2
As col > As min

CUMPLE !!

Para la seccin B columna = 40*50 = 2000 cm ( COLUMNA )

* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu = 96800 kg
c
A1 = 2000 cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c *m
A1 = 249900 kg
2
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

As mn = 10.00cm2
As col > As min

CUMPLE !!

Detalle de refuerzos en la Zapata Combinada verificamos primero el espaciamie

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo

3xh=

45 cm
450 cm

d/2

450

OK !!

d/2

d/2

24 3/4"@ 11cm

18 3/4"@ 10cm
11 3/4"@ 10cm
Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )
ld = b * fy * <

Lv1

25 3/4"@ 10cm

Pgina 18 de 86

3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

Ld =

71 cm

Ld1 = 46 cm

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
( + 1 )
= Lado mayor Zapata
Lado menor Zapata
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1
Calculo del refuerzo minimo :
As mn = 71.55 cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
# Varilla ( n ) = 25
Espaciam =
10.00 cm
25 3/4" @ 10 cm

b (3/4") = 1.91
= 1.00
b (5/8") = 1.59
= 0.80
r.e.e = 7.50
= 1.00
fy = 4200
= 1.30
f'c = 175
= 1.00
Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

C = 6.50
ktr = 0

2.5

q=

q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!

q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

Lv1 = 132.50
Ld < Lv1
Ld = 71.26 cm
Refuerzo montaje en forma de Garrido
3/8" para refuerzo principal =< 3/4"
1/2" para refuerzo principal > 3/4"
con espaciamiento maximo de 45 cm.

OK !!

Pgina 19 de 86

NADA

d portante del suelo es

kg/cm2 en las columnas.

PL2

h t = 101.00

hc = 54.00

ud de desarrollo en compresin

64 Tn

Pgina 20 de 86

170.00

cm

Pgina 21 de 86

64 Tn

170.00

cm

I = ( B x L^3 )/12
I = 1454767.9167 cm4
AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B

AMOS EL ANCHO B"

52 Tn

1.40

I = ( B x L^3 )/12
I=
74531250

OK !!

cm4

Pgina 22 de 86

P2s =

64 Tn

qm
140.00 m

cm3

Pgina 23 de 86

55311.978 kg

-8688.022 kg

kg - m

6081.62

ya que : F = ( 1.4 x D + 1.7 x L )/( D + L )

1.52

75697.49
1.25
493 cm

2+

4 x f 'c x bo x d

10 x f 'c x bo x d =

1E+006 kg

kg

Pgina 24 de 86

CUMPLE !!

4 5/8"@ 22cm

Pgina 25 de 86

kg - m

Pgina 26 de 86

Pgina 27 de 86

kg/cm2

###
db =

1.59 cm2

(Valor Asumido)

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = 18
Espaciam =
10.00 cm
18 3/4" @ 10 cm

12.50cm2
As col > As min

OK !!

cm2
As col > As min

OK !!

s primero el espaciamiento maximo

Pgina 28 de 86

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
8.41
q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

OK !!

0.2

Pgina 29 de 86

DISEO DE ZAPATA CONECTADA

Disear la zapata conectada que soportara las columnas mostradas en la figura . La capacidad portante
admisible del suelo es qa = 2.0 kg/cm2 . Considere Fy = 4200 kg/cm2 , f'c = 175 kg/cm2 para la
cimentacion

DATOS:
Zapata
f ' c = 175 kg/cm
Columna
f ' c = 210 kg/cm
b1 = 50 cm
t1 = 50 cm
b2 = 40 cm
t2 = 50 cm
COL
1
2

Acero
4200 kg/cm
Suelo
1.60 m
1800 kg/m
2400 kg/m
2.00 kg/cm
1.91 cm

fy=
Df =
m =
c =
qa =
db =

SECCION REFUERZO
50 X
50 9 3/4"
40 X
50 9 3/4"

PD (tn)
50
40

S/C =

500 kg/m

Lc = 550 cm
db = 1.91 cm

PL (tn)
30
24

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA Y VIGA DE CIMENTACION

ZAPATA EXTERIOR:

Ld =

0.08xdbxfy

f 'c

Ld = 0.08x1,91x4200/(175^(1/2)) =
Ld = 49 cm

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy

Ld >= 0.004x1.91x4200 =
Ld = 32 cm

48.51 cm

hc = Ld + r.ee + b
hm = Df - hc

32.09 cm

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

hc = 59 cm
hc = Ld + 10 =
ht = Df - hc =

ht = 101 cm

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qn = qa - m*hm - gc*hc - s/c

qn = 2.4-(1800xE^-06)x(101)-(2400xE^06)x(59)-(500xE^04) =
qn =

1.63 kg/cm2

Pgina 30 de 86

kg/cm2

qn =

P'2 =

P1xe

e =

( PD + PL ) x

P'2 = 9249.49kg
Ps
Az =
qn
A = 2 x( b )^2 =
nuevo e =
+

57 cm

Lc - e
Az =

( 50 + 30 ) x 1000 x 57
550 - 57

P1 + P' 2
qn

54868.44
b -t
2 2

= 54868.4372

b = 166
e = 58

t=2b

cm2

P'1 =
P'2 =

9431
54980
b = 166
b= 165
t= 330

----->

A = 165 x 330

9249.49

cm

A = 2 x( b )^2 = 54980

Tomamos b = 165 cm

=
=

CALCULO DE P'2 : Tanteo

e = 57 cm

0
tomamos

Pgina 31 de 86

ZAPATA EXTERIOR:

Ld =

49

Ld = 0.08x1.91x4200/(175^(1/2)) =
Ld = 49 cm

0.08xdbxfy

f 'c

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy

hc = Ld + r.ee + b
hm = Df - hc

cm

32 cm

Ld >= 0.004x1.91x4200 =
Ld = 32 cm

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

hc = 60 cm
hc = Ld + 10 =
ht = 100 cm

ht = Df - hc =

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qn = qa - m*hm - gc*hc - s/c

qn = 2.4-(1700xE^-06)x(120)-(2400xE-06)x(60)-(500xE-04) =
qn =

e =

P'2 =

P1xe

( PD + PL ) x

P'2 = 9486.00kg
Ps
Az =
qn
A = ( b )^2 =

Lc - e
Az =

( 40 + 24 ) x 1000 x 50
550 - 50

P2 + P' 2
qn

36743.00
b -t
2 2

nuevo e =
+

71 cm

b = 192

36743

P'1 =
P'2 =

A = 2 x( b )^2 = 44743

b=
150
+
VIGAS DE CIMENTACION
h=
b=

Lc
7

550
7

P1
31 x Lc

cm2

usamos b =

e = 71

= 9486

CALCULO DE P'2 : Tanteo

2.00 kg/cm2

155 cm

9486
44743
b = 150

A2 = ( 150 x 150 )
=

h = 79 cm

SECCION
50 x 80

b = 47 cm

DISEO DE LA VIGA DE CONEXIN

Wv = b x h x c =

9.6

kg/m

Mu = P' 2 x L + Wv x ( L^2 )/2=

7250000

Pgina 32 de 86

Mu = 7250000 kg-cm
ree = 7.50
1.91
B = 50
cm
d = 79.00 2cm2
a = 5.00
cm2(Valor Asumido)
Ab ( 1" ) =
As = 25.07
cm2
a = 14.16 cm
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
As = 26.67 cm2
11 1" @

b ( 3/4") =

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As x fy / ( 0.85 x f 'c x b )
As mn = 0.8 x (f ' c ^0.5) x B * d/ fy
As > As mn OK !!
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

As mn = 9.95

cm2
As > Asmin

11

1" @
OK !!

cm

Pgina 33 de 86

VERIFICACION POR CORTE

Vu = P' 2 + Wv x L
L

APORTE DEL CONCRETO

Vu =

21982 KG
Vu < Vc

Vc = 0.53 x (f ' c ^0.5) x b x d =

OK !!

DISEO DE LA ZAPATA EXTERIOR

ZAPATA EXTERIOR
qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

ZAPATA INTERIOR
qn = #DIV/0! kg/cm2

B = 150 cm2
d = 41
cm2
a = 5.00
As = #DIV/0!
a = #DIV/0!

Mu =

cm2
cm2
cm

As mn = 13.5
###

qnu x B x (L^2)
2
L = 100 cm
B = 250 cm2
d = 51
a = 5 cm
As = #DIV/0!cm2
cm
a = #DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

Mu =

r .e .e = 7.5 cm
db = 1.59 cm2
(Valor Asumido)

Ab ( 5/8" ) = 1.98 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = #DIV/0!
Espaciam = #DIV/0!
cm

As = #DIV/0! cm2

As = #DIV/0!cm2
#Varilla n =
Espaciam. =
Asmin = 27 cm2

cm2

5/8" @

Pu
Az

qn =

#DIV/0!
cm

14

5/8" @

6.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN ZAPATA - COLUMNA( = 0.70 )

Columna Exterior
Para la seccin A columna = 50 x 50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

c
m
Pu = 121000 2 kg

# Varilla ( n ) =

A1 = 2500
cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 312375 kg
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

OK !!

As mn = 12.50 cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
USAR :
As1 = 12.50 cm2
OK !!
Columna Interior
As col > As min
Para la seccin B columna = 50 x 50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )
Pu = 96800 c kg
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A1 = 2000 mcm2
A colum = b *t
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 249900 2 kg
# Varilla ( n ) =
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
As mn = 0.005 * A1
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1
USAR :
OK !!
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As mn = 10.00 cm2
As col. > As mn OK !!
As col > As min

Pgina 34 de 86

Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = b * fy *
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

<

Lv1

Pgina 35 de 86

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
( + 1 )
= Lado mayor Zapata
Lado menor Zapata
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1

= 1.00
= 0.80
= 1.00
= 1.00

b (5/8") = 1.59
r.e.e = 7.50
fy = 4200
f'c = 175

C=
ktr =
2.5

Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

Lv1 = 38.13 cm
Ld = 45.6 cm
AUMENTAR EL T !!
Ld < Lv1

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo

45 cm
As1
> =
3xh

OK !!

0 cm

6 1"@ 7cm

14 5/8"@ 22cm
12 5/8"@ 12cm

d/2

14 5/8"@ 18cm

DA

d portante
la

c = Ld + r.ee + b

9)-(500xE^04) =

Pgina 36 de 86

Pgina 37 de 86

249.49

Pgina 38 de 86

c = Ld + r.ee + b

0)-(500xE-04) =

486

Pgina 39 de 86

50

2.54 cm2
11
3 cm
3 cm

Pgina 40 de 86

23540 kg

#DIV/0!

nu x B x (L^2)

#DIV/0! kg

r .e .e = 8 cm

50
( Valor Asumido )

DIV/0!
14
17.88

5/8" @

18 cm

# Varilla ( n ) = 4

OK !!

# Varilla ( n ) = 4
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
cm2
As1 = 10.00 cm
2
OK !!
OK !!

Pgina 41 de 86

@ 18cm

Pgina 42 de 86

8.50
0
q = ( C+kt r )/ b
q=

10.09

q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!

q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

d/2

DISEO DE LOSA DE CIMENTACION

S/C= 450

m1=

1700

KS

Y'
A

F
Y

9.8
4

6
X

J
0.2

5.4

5.4

0.6

11.6
DATOS
COLUMNA

PD (ton)

PL (ton)

Pu

45

25

70

60

30

90

c=

90

qa =

1.4

Ks =

1
450

60

30

4
5

60
100

30
40

90
140

70

30

100

F'c =
Fy =

S/C=

m1=

210
4200
2400

1700

7
8
9

60
70
60
585

30
30
30
275

90
100
90
860

1.- CALCULO DEL ESPESOR DE LA PLACA

METODO DE DISEO ASUMIENDO

t=

3Ks

Et
=

50

E=15000*F'c

0.003242 m-1

1.75

cm.

5.401

0.003240
Lc= 5.4
Lc= 4.5

Se debe cumplir la siguiente condicin:

1.75/<Lc
METODO RIGIDO
AREA DE LOSA
A= B * L =

113.68 m2

B=
L=

11.6
9.8

Df=

90

ht=

40

PRESIONES DEL SUELO

qn=qa - * ht - c * hc - S/C
qn=

1.167

kg/cm

2.-PRESION POR DEBAJO DE PUNTOS PERIMETRALES

X'= PiXi

ex= X' - B/2

Pi
X'=

578.84

cm.

Y'= PiYi

X =

579

cm.

ex =

-1

cm.

Y '=

494

cm.

ey =

cm.

Pi
Y'=

494.30

cm.

ey= Y' - L/2

Entonces :

q = ( Pu/a ) + - ( MyX / Iy ) + - ( MxY / Ix )

Donde :
Pu=

1286500

kg.

Ix= BL3/12

909.8189333

Ix=

909.8189 m4

Iy= LB3/12

1274.731733

Iy=

1274.7317 m4

ENTONCES:
q=

q=

1286500 + - 1286500x + - 5146000y

(980)(1160)
1.275*1011 9.098*1010
1.132 + - 0.00001x + - 0.00006y

Pu/A = 1.1317

Pu/A = 1.132

3.-PROCESAMOS LA TABLA
PUNTO

Pu/A

X(cm.)

0.00001X

Y(cm.)

0.00006y

q(kg/cm2)

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L

1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132

-580
-290
250
580
-580
580
-580
580
-580
-290
250
580

0.006
0.003
-0.003
-0.006
0.006
-0.006
0.006
-0.006
0.006
0.003
-0.003
-0.006

490
490
490
490
245
245
-205
-205
-490
-490
-490
-490

0.029
0.029
0.029
0.029
0.015
0.015
-0.012
-0.012
-0.029
-0.029
-0.029
-0.029

1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097

4.-COMPARAMOS LAS PRESIONES CALCULADAS CON LA PRESION NETA DEL SUELO

q<=qn

SI CUMPLE

5.-CALCULAMOS EL PERALTE DE LA LOSA A PARTIR DEL CORTE POR PUNZONAMIENTO

COLUMNA 5

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)

n= 40 + d

d/2

m = 40 + d
Vu= 1.4*100000 +1.7*40000 -1.167*(40+d)*(40+d)
Vu=

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d
Igualamos :

Vu = Vc

Vc=1.1210*4(40+d)
Vc=
n = 40 +d/2

COLUMNA 2

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)
Vu= 1.4*60000 +1.7*30000 -1.167*(40+d)*(40+d/2)

m = 40 +d

COLUMNA 1

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)

Vc=1.1210*(120+2d)d
Vc=
Vu=Vc

Igualamos

n=40 +d/2

m = 40 +d/2

Vu= 1.4*45000 +1.7*25000 -1.167*(40+d/2)*(40+d/2)

Vu=

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d
Vc=1.1210*2(40+d/2)d
Vc= 1083.95d +13.55d2
Vu=Vc

Igualamos

13.83d2 + 1130.63d - 103633 =0

Si

d = 55
ht = 65

VERIFICAMOS LA CONDICION DE DISEO

=

3Ks

E=15000*F'c

Et3
=

0.002663 m-1

1.75
6.579
m.

Se debe cumplir la siguiente condicin:

1.75/<Lc

0.002660 m-1
Lc= 5.4
Lc= 4.5

METODO RIGIDO

6.-CALCULAMOS EL FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE CARGA F PARA CADA FRANJA

FRANJA

q prom.

A
B
C
D
E

1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153

1.1566

245

1160

P1
P2
P3

375500.0

F
E
F
H
G
G
H
I
J
K
L
A
B
J
I
G
E
B
C
J
K
C
D
F
H
K
L

1.141
1.153
1.141
1.114
1.126
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097
1.167
1.164
1.106
1.108
1.126
1.153
1.164
1.159
1.106
1.100
1.159
1.156
1.141
1.114
1.100
1.097

1.1332

450

1160

P4
P5
P6

492000.00

1.1084

285

1160

P7
P8
P9

419000.00

1.1372

290

980

P1
P4
P7

375500.00

1.1322

540

980

P2
P5
P8

492000.00

1.1277

330

980

P3
P6
P9

419000.00

Efectuamos el diseo de la losa considerando por cuestiones academicas una sola franja central EFGH, en primer lugar
determinamos el diagrama de fuerzas cortantes y momentos flectores a partir del modelo estructural.

1.2 P4

1.2 P5

1.2 P6

q1 = b x (qe + qg)
2

0.2

5.4

5.4

0.6

q1 = 450 x ( 1.153 + 1.126 ) =

2
q2 = b x ( qf + qh )
2
q2 = 450 x ( 1.141 + 1.114 ) =
2
q = 510

149400
123600
10200

1.2 x P4 =
1.2 x P5 =
1.2 x P6 =

1.2 x(1.4x60000+1.7x30000) =
1.2 x(1.4x100000+1.7x40000) =
1.2 x(1.4x70000+1.7x30000) =

Verificacion por Flexion

Vu = 151800 - 510*(20 + 56 ) =
Vc = 0.53 x( 210 ^.5 ) x b x d =
126000

29400

151800

Vc =164515
Vu < Vc

OK

Refuerzo superior :
22489412

20614568
Mu =
a=

(-)

102000

22489412
5

(-)

7512000

918000

AS =
111.21
a=
5.81
AS = 112.06
( 23 1" @ 20 cm )
Asmin = 0.0018 x b x h =

Refuerzo Inferior :
Mu =
a=

7512000 kg -cm
1.94
cm

AS =
36.11
a=
5.81
AS = 37.43
Asmin = 0.0018 x b x h =
( 19 3/4" @ 25 cm )

cm2
cm
cm2
52.65 cm2

0.9

0.2

4.5

4.5

0.6
X'

kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/m3
kg/cm2
kg/cm3
Kg/m2
kg/m3

m-1

m.
m.

cm.
cm.

A DEL SUELO

UNZONAMIENTO

m = 40 +d

- (qnu * m * n)

n=40 +d/2

CP

352098

0.938
1

541765.2

1.101

392713

0.937
1

349351

0.930
1

545580

1.109

391849

0.935

entral EFGH, en primer lugar

513

507

000+1.7x30000) =
0000+1.7x40000) =
000+1.7x30000) =

162000
249600
178800

- 510*(20 + 56 ) =

113040

210 ^.5 ) x b x d =

kg -cm
cm
cm2
cm
cm2

52.65 cm2

Disear la losa de cimentacin mostrada considerando un suelo de capacidad portante admisible

qa = 1,2 kg/cm. Todas las columnas son cuadradas de 50 cm x 50 cm. La profundidad de cimentacin
es de 1,10 m., el peso especfico del suelo es g = 1650 kg/m y la sobrecarga s/c = 500 kg/m ,
fy = 4200 kg/cm , f'c = 210 kg/cm y ks = 8 kg/cm.

4
5.05m

8
4.80m

10

11

12

20.00m
4.80m

13

14

15

16
4.80m

17

18

19

20
0.55m

5.75m

5.50m
17.45m

CUADRO DE CARGAS
Toneladas
COLUMNA
PD
PL
1
40
15
2-3
60
30
4
50
25
5 - 9 - 13
70
30
6 - 7 140
70
10 - 11 160
75
14 - 15 160
85
8 - 12 - 16
90
40
17
80
35
18 - 19
85
40
20 100
45

5.50m

0.70m

ad de cimentacin

SOLUCION
s =

0.00165 kg/cm

50 cm

s/c =

0.05 kg/cm

tcol =

50 cm

fy =

4200 kg/cm

Df =

110 cm

f'c =

210 kg/cm

qa =

1.2 kg/cm

bcol =

Ks =

8 kg/cm

E=

217371 kg/cm

c =

0.25
0.0024 kg/cm

CALCULO DEL AREA DE LA LOSA Y EL ESPESOR

A=

20.00*17.45 m2

A=

349.00

m2

Mtodo a usar

3 x Ks

Lc =

550
480

Lc

<

1.75

METODO RIGIDO

Lc

1.75

METODO
FLEXIBLE

Si

E x t

cm
cm

Tabulando :
t

10
20
30
40
50
60
70

0.018228569
0.010838772
0.007996715
0.006444772
0.005451614
0.004754875
0.004235738

1,75/

96
161
219
272
321
368
413

METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE

CALCULO DE LA PRESION NETA

Asumiendo
t=

50.00 cm

qn =

qa - t x ht - c x hc - s/c

qn =

1,2 - 1650E-6 (110 - 50) - 2400E-6 (50) - 500E-4

qn =

0.931 kg/cm

Verificacin por punzonamiento

Vu =

Pu - qn x m x n

Vc =

1,1 f'c x bo x d

COLUMNA 1
50

d/2 + 50
50

d/2 + 50

Vu = 1,4 x 40000 + 1,7 x 15000 - 0,931 x (50 + d/2) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

81500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 50 d + 0,25 d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 2 (50 + d/2) d

Vc =

31.881 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )

Vc =

27.099 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
27.099 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )
1354,94 d + 13,55 d

81500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 50 d + 0,25 d )

81500 - 2327,50 - 46,55 d - 0,23 d

d + 101,70 d - 5745,46 = 0

d=

40.43 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 2 - 3
50

50 + d/2
50

50 + d

Vu =

1,4 x 60000 + 1,7 x 30000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

135000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

( )

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

=
=

135000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

135000 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 4813,25 = 0

d=

41.03 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 4
50

50 + d/2
50

50 + d

Vu =

1,4 x 50000 + 1,7 x 25000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

112500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

112500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

112500 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 3996,97 = 0

d=

35.7 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 5 - 9 - 13
50

50

50 + d/2

50 + d

Vu =

1,4 x 70000 + 1,7 x 30000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

149000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

=
=

149000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

149000 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 5321,16 = 0

d=

44.18 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 6 - 7

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 140000 + 1,7 x 70000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

315000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

315000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

315000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 5671,86 = 0

d=

54.07 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 10 - 11

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 75000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

351500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

351500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

351500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 6333,97 = 0

d=

58.13 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 14 - 15

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 85000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

368500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

368500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

368500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 6642,34 = 0

d=

59.95 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 8 - 12 - 16

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 90000 + 1,7 x 40000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

194000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

194000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

194000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3476,93 = 0

d=

38.79 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 17

50

50

50 + d/2

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 80000 + 1,7 x 35000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

171500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

=
=

171500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

171500 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 6137,44 = 0

d=

49.00 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 18 - 19

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 85000 + 1,7 x 40000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

187000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

187000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

187000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3349,95 = 0

d=

37.79 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 20

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 100000 + 1,7 x 45000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

216500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

216500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

216500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3885,07 = 0

d=

41.89 cm

t=

70 cm

qn =

NO OK !

1,2 - 1650E-6 (110 - 70) - 2400E-6 (70) - 500E-4

qn =

0.916 kg/cm

COLUMNA 14 - 15

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 85000 - 0,916 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

368500 - 0,916 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

( )

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

 Vc =

( )

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

368500 - 0,916 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

368500 - 2290 - 91,60 d - 0,916 d

d + 50,83 d - 6644,83 = 0

d=

59.97 cm

t=

OK !

70.00 cm.

b
x

3.-PROCESAMOS LA TABLA
PUNTO
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L

Pu/A
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132

X(cm.)
-580
-290
250
580
-580
580
-580
580
-580
-290
250
580

0.00001 Y(cm.) 0.00006y

0.006
490
0.029
0.003
490
0.029
-0.003
490
0.029
-0.006
490
0.029
0.006
245
0.015
-0.006
245
0.015
0.006
-205
-0.012
-0.006
-205
-0.012
0.006
-490
-0.029
0.003
-490
-0.029
-0.003
-490
-0.029
-0.006
-490
-0.029

q(kg/cm2)
1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097

6.-CALCULAMOS EL FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE CARGA F PARA CADA FRANJA

FRANJA
A
B
C
D
E
F
E
F
H
G
G
H
I
J
K
L

q
1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.153
1.141
1.114
1.126
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097

q prom.
1.1566

b
245

L
1160

P
P1
P2
P3

P
CP
626450000.0 313389348.1

1.1332

450

1160

P4
P5
P6

626450000.00 313520765.2

1.1084

285

1160

P7
P8
P9

626450000.00 313408213

A
B
J
I
G
E
B
C
J
K
C
D
F
H
K
L

1.167
1.164
1.106
1.108
1.126
1.153
1.164
1.159
1.106
1.100
1.159
1.156
1.141
1.114
1.100
1.097

1.1372

290

980

P1
P4
P7

0.00

161600.8567

1.1322

540

980

P2
P5
P8

626450000.00 313524580.1

1.1277

330

980

P3
P6
P9

626450000.00 313407349.1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

F
0.500
1

0.500
1

0.500
1

0.500
1

0.500

0.500

DISEO DE PILOTES
Una columna de 30 x 60 , que lleva de refuerzo 8 3/4" transmite las cargas PD = 80 tn PL = 40 tn .
En una edificacion a la estratigrafia mostrada en la figura. Disear los elementos a considerar en la cimentacion
que permita transmitir la carga de la columna al estrato duro . Considere f ' c =210 kg/cm2 y fy = 4200kg/cm2.

S/C

300

Arena suelta

kg/m2

ht= #REF!

Datos
24

Columna

cm

30

60

Cargas
tn

PD
80

PL
40

f ' c = 210
Fy = 4200

db

1.91

c =

Df =

hc= 0.00 m.

1500

1800
650
2400

Estracto Duro

1.- Clculo del peralte de la zapata:

Fy
F' c

Ld =

Ld = 0.004 x db x fy

Ld =

ld 0.08 * db *

La longitud del Pilote es :

44

cm

hc = Ld + 15

hc =

Se toma hc =
32

cm

L = Df - ( b + t )+ 1

L=

660

cm

Usamos Pilotes de C A Prefabricado cuadrados de 40 x 40 . Calculamos su capacidad de carga.

Qu = Qf + Qp

Para suelos granulares

Qf1 = k x x tan xp x D x ( 15 x L - 112.5 x D )

Qf2 = k x cx tan xp x ( Z2^2 - Z1^2 )/2
Qp = x L x( Nq - 1) x Ap

k=
1
p = 1.6
12165 kg

D = 0.4
L = 5.6
Z1 = 5.6
Ap = 0.09

5708.189 kg
F.S =
Qp =

49572 kg
Pu =

Qu =

67445.19 kg

Calculamos el N de Pilotes :

Qa = Qu/F.S

Qa = 22481.73 kg

Dimensiones de la Zapata

N = Pu/ Qa

N = 8.01

Entonces N1 = 9

Az =

3.60

3.60

Verificamos el numero de Pilotes a usar :

N = P'u /Qa =( Pu + Az x ( t x + c + S/C) )/Qa
N = 9.27

Entonces :

N < N1 No Cumple AUMENTAR SECCION !!

Aumentamos (Pilote o la seccion del Pilote a 0.45 x 0.45

0.45
0.45
Recalculamos la seccion :

Qu = Qf + Qp

Para suelos granulares

k=
1
p = 1.8
13176 kg

Qf1 = k x x tan xp x D x ( 15 x L - 112.5 x D )

Qf2 = k x cx tan xp x ( Z2^2 - Z1^2 )/2

D = 0.45
L = 5.6
Z1 = 5.6
Ap = 0.11

6422 kg
F.S =

Qp = x L x( Nq - 1) x Ap

Qp =

59982 kg
Pu =

Qu =

79580 kg

Qa = Qu/F.S

Calculamos el N de Pilotes :
N = Pu/ Qa

Qa =

26527

kg

Dimensiones de la Zapata
N = 6.79

Az =

Entonces N1 = 9

4.1

4.1

Verificamos el numero de Pilotes a usar :

N = P'u /Qa =( Pu + Az x ( t x + c + S/C) )/Qa
N = 8.17

Entonces :

P' u = 216726 tn
Cumple ,OK !!

Calculamos la capacidad de carca del grupo de Pilotes :

Q = Ef

Qf +

Qp

Ef = (1 - tan ^ - 1 x ( D/d ) ) x( ( n^3 -1 ) x m^3 + (m^3 - 1 ) x n^3)/ (90 x m^3 x n^3) =

Qf =
Qp =

176382 kg
539838 kg

Qga = Qgu/F.S.

entonces

Qga = 238740

Qgu = 0.73 x Qf + Qp
Qgu = 716221
entonces :

Qga > P'u

Cumple !!

D = 80 tn PL = 40 tn .
a considerar en la cimentacion
0 kg/cm2 y fy = 4200kg/cm2.

Datos
kg/m3
kg/m2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/m2
cm

59

cm

60

cm

su capacidad de carga.
Tan = 0.324919696
Tan 1= 0.476975533
Z2 = 6.6
Nq = 55

180000 kg

Tan = 0.324919696
Tan 1= 0.476975533
Z2 = 6.6
Nq = 55

180000

Qga > P'u

0.73

Cumple !!