A MINI PROJECT PRESENTATION

ON

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION
LINE TOWER USING STAAD.PRO
under the guidance of
Mr.K.Rajendra Prasad
Assistant Professor
Submitted by

G.Bhavik Kumar Goud

12B81A0105
U.Nikhil
12B81A0126
D.Rakesh Reddy
12B81A0133

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PARTS OF TRANSMISSION TOWER
TYPES OF TRANSMISSION TOWER
TOWER HEIGHT
ROLE OF WIND PRESSURE
PROBLEM DEFINITION
TOWER HEIGHT CALCULATIONS
WIND LOAD
LOAD CASES ON TOWER
STAAD MODELLING
CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION
Transmission tower is a tall
structure used to support a
overhead power line.They are
used in high-voltage AC and
DC systems, and come in a
wide variety of shapes and
sizes. Typical height ranges
from 15 to 55 metres .

PARTS OF TRANSMISSION TOWER

Peak of transmission tower

Cross arm of transmission tower
Cage of transmission tower
Transmission tower body
Insulator string

TYPES OF TRANSMISSION TOWER

Based on Angle of deviation :
1. A-type tower-anlge of deviation 0 to 2
2. B-type tower-anlge of deviation 2 TO 15
3. C-type tower-anlge of deviation 15 to 30
4. D-type tower-anlge of deviation 30 to 60
. Based on force applied by conductor on cross arms:
1. Tangent suspension tower and it is generally A-type
tower
2. Angle tower or tension tower or section tower.
All B,C,D types are of this type.

TOWER HEIGHT
1. Minimum permissible
ground clearance h1
2. Maximum sag h2
3. Vertical spacing
between conductors h3
4. Vertical clearance
between ground wire
and top conductor h4

ROLE OF WIND PRESSURE

Wind zones and basic wind speed
Variation of wind speed with height
Wind force on structure

PROBLEM DEFINITION
Tower location is selected at Hyderabad with following
specifications.
The following parameters are assumed from
IS 802 Part 1: Sec 1 : 1995, IS 5613 Part 2:Sec 1: 1989.
Transmission line voltage : 220KV
Angle of line deviation : 0 to 2
Terrain type considered : plain
Terrain Category: 2 (Normal cross country lines with few
obstacles)
Return Period: 50 years
Wind zone: 3

 Basic Wind Speed: 44 m/s

Basic Wind Pressure: 614 N/ 2
Reference wind speed = 32m/s
Design wind speed = 32m/s
Design wind pressure
= 614.4 N/
Tower Type: Self-Supporting Tower, Suspension
Type Tower, Tower Type "A"
Tower Geometry: Square Base Tower
No. of Circuits: Double Circuit
Bracing Pattern: X-B Bracing
Cross-Arm: Pointed

Maximum Temperature: 46
Minimum Temperature: 6
Peak Type: Triangular
Number of Ground Wires: Single
Shielding Angle: 30
Minimum Ground Clearance: 7 m
Maximum Height above G.L = 33 m
Width at Cross Arm level = 2 m
Width at base: 5 m
Vertical Spacing between Conductors = 5 m
Horizontal Spacing between Conductors: 9 m

 Base Width / Height: 1:6.6

Wind Span = Normal span = 350 m
Conductor properties
Voltage Level: 220 kV
Code Name of Conductor: ASCR ZEBRA
No. of Conductors/Phase: ONE
Stranding / Wire dia.: 54/4.13 Al + 7/3.53 St.
Total Sectional Area: 597
Over all dia.: 31.77 mm
Approx. Weight: 1998 kg/km
Min. UTS: 159.6 KN

 Modulus of Elasticity: 69GN/

Coefficient of Linear Expansion: 19.3 X
Maximum temperature of Conductor: 75
Earth Wire Properties
Material of Earth Wire: Galvanized Steel
No. of earth wire: ONE
Stranding / Wire diameter: 7 / 3.15
Total Sectional Area: 54.55
Over all dia.: 9.45 mm
Approx. Weight: 428 kg/km
Min. UTS: 56 KN

 Modulus of Elasticity: 193.61 GN/

Coefficient of linear expansion: 11.50 X
Maximum temperature of Earth Wire: 53

TOWER HEIGHT CALCULATIONS

Here we are taking h1 = 7.478m
we have sag S =

= 7.522m

For 220KV line of 2 circuits, minimum vertical

spacing between conductors is 4.9m.
We are taking it as 5m and h3 = 10m.
The height can be calculated by considering the
shield angle = 30 i.e., the angle between the vertical

at the peak point to the line joining the peak point and
top insulator string.
Tan 30 =
h4 = 7.794m.

WIND LOAD
For wind load on tower
=

At top cross arm
= (614.4 2.975 0.924 2.26254)4 + (614.4 2.082.286 2.284)
= 7.63KN

At middle cross arm:

= (614.4 2.975 0.924 2.21254) 4 + ( 614.4 2.082.286
2.234)
= 7.46KN

 At bottom cross arm:

= (614.4 3.3 0.69962.07964) 4 + ( 614.4 2.082.286 2.1552)
= 7.03KN

At peak point:
= (614.4 3.05 0.49922.313 ) 3
= 0.72KN

LOAD CASES ON TOWER

1. Normal condition @32

& 100% wind

2. GW + TC + MC + BC Broken @ 32

& 100% wind

3. GW + TC + BC + MC Broken @ 32

&100% wind

4. GW + BC + MC + TC Broken @ 32

& 100% wind

5. TC + MC + BC + GW Broken @ 32

&100% wind

STAAD MODELLING
Transmission line tower is modelled using the
coordinates of different nodes and then, joining them
to form members and ultimately a transmission tower.
Support are chosen to be fixed.
Then the 5 load cases are considered.
Sections is chosen as ISEA 60 60 6 mm.
Parameters defined as
Ultimate tensile strength = 41,000 KN/
Yield strength = 25,000 KN/

Section chosen = hot rolled section

Design is done according to the loading conditions
and then the results are obtained.

Axial Force Distribution Diagrams

For 5 Load Cases

Deflected Shape Diagrams

For 5 load Cases

CONCLUSION
In the present study, a 220 KV transmission line
tower is designed in wind zone 3 with a basic wind
speed of 44m/s. The various loads acting on the
tower, Conductors and the Ground wire are calculated
using the required Indian Standard Codes, and then
the tower is modelled and designed using
STAAD.Pro V8i . The steel sections required are
obtained along with member forces and Nodal
displacements.

THANK YOU ALL

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