Unit 1 The Online World

Learning Aim B

Name:
Form:

Lesson 1 Key Internet Terms

(Student Book B Pg 17-18)

Fill in the gaps below:

Term

Abbreviation

Definition

Point of
Presence

PoP

Network Access
Point

NAP

An access point to the internet. Normally, it is a location which contains all of the hardware which
allows internet users access to the internet. An Internet Service Provider (ISP) may operate
several Pops in their area to allow good access to the internet
An interchange between networks within the internet. It allows ISPs to interconnect with each
other.

Internet
Protocol

IP

The protocol used to route packets of information across the internet. An individual unit of data which
is carried across a network, including the internet. It is made up of a header which identify es the
packet and a body which is the actual data message. It is one of the functions of the Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP) to organize an internet message into packets.

TCP

The protocol which takes data from a users application program and passes it to the IP for
transfer across the internet. The reverse operation is performed at the destination computer, i.e.
the TCP reassembles the data (from individual packets) and forwards them to the users
application program. The close relation with the IP means that the terms are usually used in
combination, i.e. TCP/IP.

Transmission
control Protocol

File transfer
Protocol

FTP

A standard protocol which allows fi les to be transferred between two computers on a TCP-based
Network. It is commonly used to download programs to your computer from other servers and to
Upload web pages that you have created to the server that is hosting them on the internet.

internet
Service
Provider

ISP

Direct connection to the internet would be very costly and so ISPs provide a cost-effective gateway for
people and organizations to get onto the internet. In the UK there are many ISPs, with some of the
most popular ones being BT (British Telecom), Virgin Media and Sky.
In addition to providing a gateway to the internet, ISPs normally provide additional services such
as email. Many also provide web space for the development of websites, technical support and
troubleshooting

ISP services

Find the definition of the following:

Network

Add the definition below:

A group of computers which are connected together by communication channels and which have the capability of sending
and/or receiving information between them

Protocol

Add the definition below:

Communications protocol is a set of rules which allows a computer system to connect with a different system to transfer data.
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Infrastructure

Lesson 2 Internet Infrastructure

(Student Book B Pg 18-19)

Description
Server: A computer or program which runs purely to serve the needs of other
computers. It runs special server software to service the requirements of the users
(clients). There are several types of servers, including file servers and printer servers
on a local area network (LAN), and web and email servers that manage communication
with the internet.
Client: - A computer which uses the services provided by the server.
Router: A piece of hardware that connects two or more networks. In relation to the
internet, data from the ISP is sent into the network and the router then directs the data
packets to the correct destinations. The router also handles data travelling in the other
direction. Routers can be described as directors of trafficof traffic for the networks.
Connecting backbone:
The main connecting data routes between large network son the internet and smaller
networks in local regions.

Using you artistic skills re-create the diagram on page 18

Figure 1.7 internet infrastructure

What is meant by the term bandwidth?

Is a way of measuring how much data can be carried over a network.

What happens if there is insufficient bandwidth?

Insufficient bandwidth can result in websites and servers appearing to run very
slowly.

Fill in the gaps below and be sure to make the correct match
Connection
method

Wireless

Dial-up

Description

Match connection method to

the correct advantages &
disadvantages section draw
a line

Advantage

Disadvantage

Used by wireless-enabled devices

(computers, mobiles, smartphones, etc.) to
log in to the internet. Wireless is exactly
what it says; there are no wires to connect.
(See page 27.)

Not fixed to a stationary

computer. Can be used
wherever there is a
wireless hub which is
accessible.

Need to have access to a

wireless hub. Can be less
secure than wired
connections. Tend to
have slower data
transmission speeds
than wired broadband
methods.

A wired connection via a conventional

telephone line, which needs a modem to
convert signals to and from analogue for
transmission.

Broadband connections
can give better reception
and are usually faster than
dial-up.

Requires a base which is

wired in, so it is less
flexible than wireless.

Can use existing

telephone circuits,
which is useful in some
areas.

Older technology gives

poor reception at times.
The conversion from digital
to analogue signals can
cause errors. Tends to be
slower than other
connection methods.

.
Broadband
.

A wired connection to a broadband supplier.

Normally the connection is via a network
card in the computer. Cable users have an
Ethernet connection from their computer to
the network.

Lesson 3 Worldwide Web 1

(Student Book B Pg 20-21)

How are webpages connected? What does a hyperlink do?

A link from a hypertext document to another location, activated by clicking on
a highlighted word or image.

What is a web server?

It is the job of a web server to deliver web pages to users computers.

Tim Berners-Lee developed the worldwide web in 1991
- Find out another fact about him add it below
He made a proposal for an information management system in March
1989

What is HTML & why do we need it?

HTML is a computer language used to create web pages. You can create HTML
directly in the language itself or by using authoring software (such as Adobe
Dreamweaver or Microsoft Expression) which uses templates and wizards to
create HTML code. HTML files usually have a filename with .htm or.html as the
file extension; for example, document.htm.

What authoring software can be used to create HTML using wizards

- Name the software below & then draw it

(draw in here)

(draw in here)

What are .htm and .html?

shade me in

shade me in

You will need to annotate the image below with explanations, use as many keywords as
you can within your explanations

Pairs
paragraph

Opening tag
HTML element

Keywords
End tag
HTML

Head tags
Formatting

Prepare two questions to challenge the class:

Question:

Answer:

Question:

Answer:

Lesson 4 Worldwide Web 2

(Student Book A Pg 22 - 23)

What does every web page have?

URL
What is a URL?
A wide string of character which makes a
web pages address

What does URL stand for?

Uniform resource locator

What is a search engine? How have you used a search engine in the past?
Google: A search and find system into which you type what you are looking for and a series
of best match results will then be displayed.

How many search engines can you list below?

Google
Bing

Yahoo

Ask.com

About

AOl

What does a database search to find matching pages? Answer with a full sentence
An automated web browser (which is known by different names including crawler, spider
and bot) is used to follow every link in a website. Each page is analyzed as it is found, and
relevant data is extracted and stored on the search engines index database.
How do search results appear in a search engine and why?
When you enter a word or short phrase as a query, the search engine looks at its index and
displays a list of the best matches, together with a short extract from each web page. With
most general queries there will be many hundreds or even thousands of matches, so the
search engines operate a ranking system for their indexes.

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Using the image below explain how search engines work:

Search engines work by retrieving information from the HTML of web pages and storing
this on an indexed database. An automated web browser (which is known by different
names including crawler, spider and bot) is used to follow every link in a website. Each
page is analyzed as it is found, and relevant data is extracted and stored on the search
engines index database.

Read the statement below and re-write it in your own unique way
An automated web browser known as a crawler, spider and bot are used to follow every
link in a website. Each page is then analysed as its found and relevant data is extracted
and stored on the search engines index database.
Your version: every spider, crawler and bot use used to follow each link on a web-site to
get the key informion and stored on a search engines index database.

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Fill in the missing blanks below?

When you enter a word or short phrase as a query, the search engine looks at its index and
displays a list of the best matches, together with a short extract from each web page. With
most general queries there will be many hundreds or even thousands of matches, so the
search engines operate a ranking system for their indexes. The ranking system is used to
try to make the results of the searches relevant. However, as search engines are
commercial businesses, other companies can pay money to improve their position in the
ranking system.
Using the information above can you relate that to the google search below?

Place your answer here:, it has been started for you

The phrase that has been entered is .

Lesson 5 Email
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(Student Book B Pg 24-26)

In relation to email what is meant by the term sender & recipient?

Sender
Recipient

Within your email program you have an address book, what can you create with it?

What is an attachment and what can it contain?

Why do you use CC (carbon copy) in an email?

Email Example

Zoomed in

When would you use BCC?

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What are the benefits of email? Draw a line of connection and fill in any missing gaps
First word
Draw a line of connection
Benefit of email
Speed
cost

of delivery

instant
delivery

Unlike the conventional mail system, there is

no additional cost to the standard broadband
charges.
Delivery on a global scale

Attachments

(e.g. documents and audio and video files)

Having

a record of the correspondence between users

Webmail

Webmail providers (including Hotmail and

Gmail) tend to store emails on a remote
provider, meaning that you can access them
anywhere via a web browser

What are the drawbacks of email?

Below are some drawbacks of email try to remember them

Virus

Spam

Phishing scam
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Email protocols
A separate system of protocols has been devised for use purely by _ _ _ _ _

Protocol

Acronym

Email Protocols
(Fill in the missing gaps)
Description

SMTP

POP3

Used to retrieve emails from an email server over a

TCP/IP connection. This is the most widely used email
retrieval protocol. Normally users download emails to
their local computer using POP3, deleting them from
the email server.

Internet
Message Access
Protocol
Describe the difference between the three email protocols SMTP, POP3 and IMAP.

Awesome job on developing your knowledge of emails. Can you now describe what email is
and how its used? You should also talk about the email protocols.

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Lesson 6 - Data Exchange 1

(Student Book B Pg 27 - 29)

What does VoIP stand for?

What does VoIP send over the internet?

What hardware is required to transmit & receive voice communication?

What about if you have a webcam what does that allow?

What software is required to run a VoIP system?

What does the codec program do?

VoIP can be run over smartphones whats one of the most common VoIP systems?

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What is a wireless netwrok?

What wireless network have you used? Explain why you use it

What do all devices using the network require and why?

Wireless networks have many advantages probably the most important is mobility;
people are no longer tied to desks and wires. So what does the word mobility mean?

Mobility Scooter
For the next set of questions use the table on the next page
1. Which transmission method has the maximum range?
2. Whats the benefit of coaxia cable?
3. Whats the range of UTP/STP?
4. Whats the limitation of fibre optic?
5. Give an example of how satelite is used:
6. Whats the maximum data transfer rate of coaxia?
7 . write your own question & answer

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Lesson 7 Data Exchange 2

(Student Book A Pg 30 - 31)

Simplex
Transmission
Sends data in _ _ _
direction only. A radio
broadcast is a good
example of simplex
transmission.

Draw a radio

Half Duplex Transmission

Full Duplex Transmission

Allows _ _ _-way transmissions

but the devices dont transmit at
the _ _ _ _ time. A system being
used to monitor and control
manufacturing processes can
use half-duplex transmissions. It
will send a message to the
control computer, which will
respond with new settings, but
they both cannot send messages
at the _ _ _ _ time. Some
network systems use half-duplex
to maximise bandwidth.

Allows _ _ _-way communication

at the same time. The telephone
system, land or mobile, is an
example of a full duplex system.

Draw a Walky Talkie

Draw a mobile

What is a byte?

What is parallel transmission?

Simultaneous means:

What is serial transmission?

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USB
What does USB stand for? Write the answer 3 times?

What type of transmission method is it?

What devices is USB used in nowadays?

Whats the maximum transmission rate for USB 2.0?

Bi-directional transmission
Did you know that Bi means
A combining form meaning twice, two, used in the
formation of compound words: One example would
be bicycle as it has two wheels one behind the other.
What is bi directional transmission essentially about?

Fill in the missing word?

Most recently the term has been applied to _ _ _ _ _ optics. Using the current
technology, _ _ _ _ _ passes in _ _ _ direction only, so you have to add extra
fibres to the bundle to carry a signal in the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ direction.

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Lesson 7 Data Exchange 2 (Continued)

(Student Book B Pg 31 - 32)

Client Side Processing

What is Client Side Processing?

Give an example of client side interaction?

How does this image relate to client side interaction?

What are the benefits of clients side processing?

What are the disadvantages of clients side processing?

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Server Side Processing

What is Server Side Processing?

Give an example of server side interaction?

How does this image relate to server side interaction?

What are the benefits of server side processing?

What are the disadvantages of server side processing?

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Lesson 8 Data Storage 1

(Student Book B Pg 34 - 35)

Database structure
Fill the blanks
A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a system for managing a collection of _ _ _ _. Data about a
particular type of thing for example, customers or products is stored in a _ _ _ _ _ .
You can think of a table as a grid. Every row in the table holds information about a
single item; this is also called a _ _ _ _ _ _. Every column holds information about a
property of the items in the table, such as a customers name or an items price these
properties are called _ _ _ _ _ _
What is every field in a database set up to hold?

Fill on the blank spaces and write some examples of data types in the correct area
Data Type

Write some examples

Text (also called characters or strings ): sequences of

letters, numbers and other symbols.
Someones name would be a text field.
Number: represents a numerical value. A products price or
the number of items left in stock would be stored as
numbers. This would enable you to produce a report
summing up the prices of all the products you had sold,
which wouldnt be possible if they were stored as text
Short Date: 01/01/2015
Medium Date: 01-Jan-15
Short Time: 18:21
Medium Time: 06:21 PM
Logical (also called Boolean or Yes/no): represents a value
that is either true or false. For example, when a customer
opens an account with an online company, they might be
asked whether they are happy to receive marketing
material. Their answer could be stored in a logical field
(true if they are happy to receive marketing information,
false if they are not).
Type this link in your browser for some examples of data types

tinyurl.com/pvnofc4
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Relationship between database tables

One of the benefits of a database
A benefit of databases is the ease with which the
information they hold can be assessed.

A database has two types of keys what are they? Can you explain both of them?

1. Fill in the missing blanks

The _ _ _ _ using a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ key is known as a relation
2. What can be built between different tables?
There are different types of relationships they include:
One has been done for you:

One way

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Lesson 9 Data Storage 2

(Student Book B Pg 35-36)

Online databases
How are online databases accessed?

How are online databases different to local databases?

What is used to help users build online databases? Do you have to pay?

Write below some examples of sophisticated software?

Who is online data held by? What types of online databases are there?

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What does DBMS stand for?

What is a DBMS?

SIMS Database
What does a DBMS allows you to do?

What does SQL stand for?

What is SQL? How many parts are there?

Fill in the missing blanks

SQL PART

1.

2. Data Manipulation Language

Abbreviation

description

(DDL):

This is the part used to add, delete,

change and query the data which
is held in the database structure

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