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Endocrine System
15.1
Bio 30

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The

most important
word in this whole class
is

HOMEOSTASIS!
(do you remember what
it means?)

Achieving Homeostasis
order to maintain balance despite a
constantly changing environment, the body
needs a way to talk to its various parts.
These messages need to be fast and
effective.

In

There

are two systems of communication:

1.

nervous system.

2.

endocrine system.

Control systems in the body:

DIRECT:

nervous system
Quick response

INDIRECT:

endocrine system
Maintains control for longer

The

nervous and endocrine

systems work together closely to
maintain homeostasis in the body

What is the Endocrine System?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjmS4_7k

vDM
Whats

that key word again??

What

is the main function of the endocrine

system?

How

do hormones travel around the body?

Your Endocrine System

There

See

are 7 organs that secrete in your body:

hand out.

Using

page 475, add the names of the

different hormones that are released from
each gland.

Lets add the

names of
hormones to
each of the
glands
**reference
sheet

Whats a hormone?

Hormones - chemical
messengers secreted by the
endocrine glands into the blood
and transported by the blood to
a specific target (required in
small amounts)
*

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Hormones
They

are made by secretory vesicles

in the endocrine gland
They affect cells in another part of
the body
They are regulators and they speed
up or slow down bodily processes
They are produced in small amounts
The levels change constantly

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Release of Hormones:
Hormones are released in response
to:
signals from the nervous
system
other glands secretions
presence of some substance in
the blood

Hormones can be classified by

where they act:
1.

*non-target - general
hormones that affect many
cells throughout the body
(epinephrine, insulin)

2.

*target hormones - can only

bind to specific tissues, called
target tissues

Hormones can also be classified by

HOW they act:

1. *STEROIDS (fat-soluble)
Diffused into cell
Combines with receptor
Initiates a cell function
(estrogen, progesterone,
testosterone)
Remain in the body, stored
in fat until able to be used
Made from cholesterol

2 types of hormones:

2. *WATER- SOLUBLE
Bonds to receptor sites
on cell membrane
Trigger events in cell
(ADH (vasopressin),
insulin, epinephrine,
growth hormone)
Eliminated from body
through urine if not used
Made up of proteins

Practice

1. Define an endocrine hormone.

2. Do hormones affect every cell in
the body? Explain why or why
not.

3. Explain why a hormone must be

regulated. Give an example.

The

endocrine system and the

nervous system work together so they
need something to coordinate
communication between them. A part
of the brain takes this function on.

hypothalamus

intersection btw
the endocrine and
nervous system

+ Hypothalamus

Detects imbalances and signals to pituitary to release

hormones

Hypothalamus can stimulate the release of hormones

from the pituitary in two ways:

1- nervous stimulation
2- releasing factors

Pituitary

The
MASTER
gland
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Physically

attached to
the hypothalamus.

The

pituitary gland stores

and produces hormones
and the hypothalamus
controls the release of
these hormones.

The Gland master

Pituitary

The
MASTER
gland
+
The

pituitary is split into two

lobes:
Anterior: synthesizes
hormones; stimulate other
glands to produce their
own hormones.
Posterior: does not
synthesize, stores and
releases hormones that
have been synthesized by
the hypothalamus

To do:
Venn
Ch
1,

Diagram

15.1 Qs:
3, 4, 6, 7, 8

Hormone

Target

Reaction

Growth Hormone (GH) or

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all tissues

Promotes growth

Thyroid Stimulating
Hormone (TSH)

thyroid glands

Stimulates thyroid to synthesize and

release thyroxin

Adrenocorticotropic
Hormone (ACTH)

adrenal cortex

Stimulates the adrenal cortex and

releases hormones involved in stress
responses (ex: cortisol)

Follicle Stimulating
Hormone (FSH)

gonads

Testes: promote sperm production

Ovaries: induces ovulation, stimulates
follicle development in ovaries

Lutenizing Hormone (LH)

gonads

Testes: stimulates the production of male

sex hormone, testosterone
Ovaries: stimulates ovulation and the
formation of the corpus luteum (egg
release)

Prolactic (PRL)

mammary
glands

Development of mammary glands &

synthesis of milk proteins

Melanocyte Stimulating

skin cells

Increase production of melanin (pigment)

Somatotropic Hormone
(STH)

Hormone

Target

Reaction

ADH (antidiuretic
hormone)

kidneys

increase water re-absorption by kidney

Oxytocin

uterus,
mammary
glands

smooth muscle contractions, milk

ejection (release)