Plan For An Alternative Transportation System Along The Selma To Montgomery (Voting Rights Act) National Historic Trail

Plan for An Alternative Transportation
System
Along the Selma to Montgomery
(Voting Rights Act) National Historic Trail
Presented To:
2016 National Environmental Justice
Conference
& Training Program
Washington, DC
March 9-12, 2016
ROBERT R. TAYLOR SCHOOL OF
ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION SCIENCE
PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

SELMA TO MONTGOMERY (VOTING RIGHTS ACT) NATIONAL
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE,
ENVIRONMENT AND NUTRITION SCIENCES
In Appreciation:
U.S. Department of the Interior

Supt. Sandra Taylor & Staff, National Park Service
Environmental Protection Agency
Alabama Department of Transportation
Alabama Department of Environmental Management
West Alabama Transit Authority
Mayors, Officials, & Residents of Hayneville, Mosses, White
Hall, and communities of surrounding Lowndes County, AL
Mayor, Officials, & Residents of Selma, and communities
of surrounding Dallas County, AL

Participants:
Michael Burns, Senior Advisor & CUPP Program Manager,

EPA Region 4
Walter Hill, Dean, Project Director, TU
Miles Robinson, Project Co-Director, TU
Gertrude Wall, Extension Agent, TU
Tuskegee University
Robert R. Taylor School of Architecture and Construction
Science
Carla Jackson Bell, Dean
Roderick Fluker, Project Co-Director, TU

Emile Dixon, Project Co-Director, TU
Students:
Megan Brightharp,
Perry
Couch,TRANSPORTATION
Zenobia Johnson,
Michael
PLAN FOR
AN ALTERNATIVE
SYSTEM
Objectives:
At the conclusion of the presentation, participants

should be able to:
Discuss why alternative forms of transportation is

important to improving quality of life in rural
communities.
Explain different delivery modes and methods for

transportation and their potential benefit.
Discuss innovative approaches to increasing

transportation, and thereby economic development
in rural and small communities, similar to Lowndes
County, Alabama.
Discuss the economic impact of better connecting

similar communities such as those in Lowndes
County to urban
centers like Selma and Montgomery.

Historic Context
National Park Service

U.S. Department of the Interior
Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail


Study Background
September 2013 The creation of the Tent City Economic
Empowerment Group (TCEEG), an umbrella group for cites in the
center of the Trail (White Hall, Mosses and Hayneville), which
work together to address issues and share resources.
September 2014 The National Park Service (NPS) provided a
grant of $50,000 to Tuskegee University (TU) for development of
the alternate transportation plan.
October 2014 EPA HQ Brownfield Office committed $30,000
worth of contractual support to assist in the planning, to include;
starting the clean-up of two of the five brownfield sites to be
reused as bus stops. EPA is also beginning the cleanup effort and
teaching TU how to participate in the brownfield efforts.
May 2015 - The plan was formally briefed to NPS and EPA.


Statement of Purpose
The plan is in support of environmental

justice issues in underserved
communities and cities along the Voting
Rights Act Trail, such as:
Lack of access to medical care and job

opportunities
Food desert issues
Lack of access to educational

opportunities leading to increased
employment opportunities.
Lack of access to historic landmarks and

sites, which would provide important
educational opportunities to youth in the
underserved areas.
Lack of access to historical landmarks

and sites, which would provide important
educational opportunities to visitors from
outside of the area, and the potential
financial benefit from an increase in
tourism.

recreational
venues,
SELMA TO
MONTGOMERY (VOTING RIGHTS ACT) NATIONAL

Lack of access to
Population Survey for Montgomery and

Selma, Alabama
City
1980
1990
2000
2010
2014
Montgomery
201,69
4
205,59
5
200,48
1
Selma
26,684
23,755
20,439
20,756
19,814
Data: US Census, 1980 thru 2014


Population Survey for Lowndes County, Alabama

Quick Facts
Lowndes
County
Alabama
10,580
4,849,377
White
25.8%
66.2%
Black or African American
72.9%
26.7%
1.2%
4.1%
.1%
3%
$26,230
$43,253
Home Ownership Rate
74.9%
69.7%
Unemployment Rate
> 9.7%
< 7.7%
Households With No Vehicle
12.8%
6.6%
People Quick Facts

Population - 2014
Hispanic or Latino
Asian, Other
Median Household Income
Data: US Census,
thruTime
2015;To
Alabama
Health, 2013, Selected
Mean 2010
Travel
Work Dept. of Public
30.4
24.2 Health
Status Indicators
(mins.)


Lack of Access to Medical Care
Vaughan Regional
Medical Center 30.5
mi.
Jackson Hospital 34.9

mi.
Selma Baptist
Hospital 30.5 mi.
Baptist Medical
Center South 32.9
mi.
Baptist Medical
Center East 42.4
mi.
Childrens Hospital of
Alabama 42.4 mi.
Central Alabama
Veterans Health Care
38.6 mi.
*Using Whitehall, Al. as a reference, distances may vary.
Data compiled by EPA Atlanta Regional Office


10
Lack of Access to Educational Opportunities

Alabama State
University 29 mi.
Selma University 27
mi.
Faulkner University
34 mi.
Concordia College
26.8 mi.
Auburn University @
Montgomery 35 mi.
Wallace Community
College 28.8 mi.
*Using Whitehall, Al. as a reference, distances may vary.


11
Food Desert Issues

Valley Grande
Grocery 33.8 mi.
Piggly Wiggly- 35 mi.
Walmart Supercenter
25.8 mi.
Publix Supermarket 35 mi.
Washington Street
Super- Market 25.6
mi.
2m
18.
Winn-Dixie 28.7 mi.
Langley Inc.
i l es
Hayneville
Associated Grocery


12
Project Scope
To gather the requirements to determine
the following:

Route for the proposed transportation
Number of bus stops to be incorporated

into the routes, to include the use of
brown fields sites for the purpose of
redevelopment where possible
Type of vehicles to be used, and

proposed locations for storage and
maintenance of such vehicles
Accurate justification for the need for

this transportation, to include input
from citizens of the impacted areas
Draft design of bus stops, to include the

use of alternate energy for lighting and
other needs where possible
Estimates of potential ridership
Estimates of total project, with a

breakdown of each major component

13
Public Meeting _ Mosses, AL

Public meetings were held in Hayneville, Mosses, White Hall, and
Selma to receive direct input on preferences for locations and
number
of bus stops for transit.
14
Potential
Brownfield Site(s)
Bus Stop Locations

Community
Preference:
Reds = 1st Choice
Blues = 2nd Choice
Composite Map _ Community Stop Preferences & Potential

Brownfield Sites

15
Tuskegee Student Design Session _ Weekly Meetings to

Discuss and Develop Project Ideas

16
Site Visit _ Site Visits and Route Schedule Planning


17
Preliminary Bus Routes Map _ 14 Potential Stop Locations

Proposed: A Stops are along Highway 80 and B Stops are along
18
aPLAN
loop
route
in Lowndes
County
FOR
AN ALTERNATIVE
TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEM
Sample Bus Route Schedule

Number of Buses estimated to execute = 6

19
Transit Delivery Modes:
Fixed Route
Services
Service provided on a repetitive, fixed
schedule basis along a specific route with
vehicles stopping to pickup and deliver
passengers to specific locations; each fixed
route trip serves the same origins and
destinations, such as rail and bus; unlike
demand responsive and vanpool services.
Definitions: The National Transit Database Program Website


20
Demand Response
A transit mode comprised of passenger cars, vans or
small buses operating in response to calls from
passengers or their agents to the transit operator, who
then dispatches a vehicle to pick up the passengers
and transport them to their destinations. A demand
response (DR) operation is characterized by the
following:
a) The vehicles do not operate over a fixed route or
on a fixed schedule except, perhaps, on a temporary
basis to satisfy a special need; and
b) Typically, the vehicle may be dispatched to pick
up several passengers at different pick-up points
before taking them to their respective destinations and
Definitions:
The National Transit
Database
may even
be interrupted
en route
to Program
these Website
destinations
to pick up other passengers.

21
Vanpool Service
Transit service operating as a ride sharing
arrangement, providing transportation to a
group of individuals traveling directly between
their homes and a regular destination within
the same geographical area. The vehicles
shall have a minimum seating capacity of
seven persons, including the driver.
Vanpool(s) must also be open to the public
and that availability must be made known.
Definitions: The National Transit Database Program Website


22
Bus Stop Design _ Small Bus Stop Prototype


23
Bus Stop Design _ Small Bus Stop Prototype Plans 250 sf


24
Bus Stop Design _ Medium Bus Stop Prototype


25
Bus Stop Design _ Medium Bus Stop Prototype Plans 400 sf


26
Bus Stop Design _ Medium Bus Stop Prototype


27
Bus Stop Design _ Connection Bus Stop Prototype


28
Bus Stop Design _ Large Bus Stop Prototype (AB5) 900 sf


29
Highway 80 _ Sample Sites for Bus Stop


30
Lowndes County _ Sample Sites for Bus Stop


31
EXISTING
Lowndes County _ Sample 1 Acre Site for Bus Stop


32
PROPOSE
D
Lowndes County _ Sample Site for Bus Stop_Site Plan


33
Solar (PV) Panels at

Roof - Generating Power
for Lighting and Outlets
Composting Toilet
Limited Water Usage at
Restrooms
Natural Ventilation
Promoted by Wall and Roof
Openings
Cutaway View _ Bus Stop Environmental / Energy Systems


34
Solar (PV) Panels:

Approx. 250 SF
Min. Array
2 to 4 kW GridConnected
System
(3,000 kWh/yr)
$25,000 Budget
Composting Toilet
Self Contained
Unit
Vented Through
Bldg.
Stack
Data_ Bus Stop Environmental / Energy$2000
Systems
Budget

35
ITEM * DESCRIPTION
UNIT
UNIT COST
A Bus Stop: Interpretative Cntr Interior

Transfer Station
B Sitework: Interpretative Cntr Station
500,000
TOTAL
COST
500,000
50,000
50,000
C Bus Stop: Exterior Stops Along Hwy. 80

D Sitework: Hwy 80 Stops, Incl. Pull-offs
E Bus Stop: Exterior Stops Other
Location(s)
F Sitework: Exterior Stops - Other Location
(s)
G Bus Stop: Connection at Selma
Subtotal
Contingency
5
5
6
350,000
100,000
250,000
1,750,000
500,000
1,500,000
50,000
350,000
100,000
100,000
4,750,000
712,500
15%
Subtotal
5,462,500
Preliminary Project Scope _ Cost Estimates Bus Stop

Sites

36
ITEM * DESCRIPTION
UNIT
H Project Planning, Design , & Engineering
UNIT COST
TOTAL
COST
546,250
10%
J Bus: 16 Passenger
K Bus: 25 Passenger
L Bus: 25 Passenger Alt. Fuel (CNG)
3
1
1
50,000
60,000
80,000
150,000
60,000
80,000
M Bus: 28-30 Passenger
1
6
80,000
80,000
N Brownfield Site Remediation 200k per

Site (Est. 1.5 Acre Redevelopment Sites)
200,000
1,000,000
P Site Acquisition (Market Value) 2k per

Acre (Est. 1.5 Acre Sites)
12
3,000
36,000
Subtotal
370,000
Total
7,414,750
Preliminary Project Scope _ Cost Estimates Buses,

Property

37
Preliminary Bus Routes Map _ With Overlay of Historic Sites

(Stars)
Within
Study
Area
PLAN FOR
AN ALTERNATIVE
TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEM
38


39

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Plan for An Alternative Transportation

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

U.S. Department of the Interior

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Michael Burns, Senior Advisor & CUPP Program Manager,

Roderick Fluker, Project Co-Director, TU

SELMA TO MONTGOMERY (VOTING RIGHTS ACT) NATIONAL

At the conclusion of the presentation, participants

Discuss why alternative forms of transportation is

Explain different delivery modes and methods for

Discuss innovative approaches to increasing

Discuss the economic impact of better connecting

ROBERT R. TAYLOR SCHOOL OF

National Park Service

Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

ROBERT R. TAYLOR SCHOOL OF

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

The plan is in support of environmental

Lack of access to medical care and job

Food desert issues

Lack of access to educational

Lack of access to historic landmarks and

Lack of access to historical landmarks

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

ROBERT R. TAYLOR SCHOOL OF

Population Survey for Montgomery and

Data: US Census, 1980 thru 2014

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Population Survey for Lowndes County, Alabama

Black or African American

Home Ownership Rate

Households With No Vehicle

People Quick Facts

ROBERT R. TAYLOR SCHOOL OF

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Lack of Access to Medical Care

Jackson Hospital 34.9

*Using Whitehall, Al. as a reference, distances may vary.

Data compiled by EPA Atlanta Regional Office

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Lack of Access to Educational Opportunities

*Using Whitehall, Al. as a reference, distances may vary.

Data compiled by EPA Atlanta Regional Office

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Food Desert Issues

Piggly Wiggly- 35 mi.

Publix Supermarket 35 mi.

Winn-Dixie 28.7 mi.

Data compiled by EPA Atlanta Regional Office

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

ROBERT R. TAYLOR SCHOOL OF

Route for the proposed transportation

Number of bus stops to be incorporated

Type of vehicles to be used, and

Accurate justification for the need for

Draft design of bus stops, to include the

Estimates of potential ridership

Estimates of total project, with a

PLAN FOR AN ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Public Meeting _ Mosses, AL

SELMA TO MONTGOMERY (VOTING RIGHTS ACT) NATIONAL

Bus Stop Locations