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TyWhalin

Simpson
ENC1101
May11,2003

Microsoft
(MicrosoftCorporation,Redmond,WA,www.microsoft.com)Theworld'slargest
softwarecompany,foundedin1975byBillGatesandPaulAllen.ItsWindowsoperatingsystem
isthedefactostandardonthedesktopandamajorcontenderintheserverarena.MicrosoftOffice
isthemostsuccessfulapplicationsuiteinhistory.Microsoftalsohasathrivingbusinessin
programminglanguages,whichareitsroots,aswellasinnumerousothersoftwarecategories.

GatesandAllenweretwocollegestudentswhentheywrotethefirstBASICinterpreter
fortheIntel8080microprocessor.MBASICwaslicensedtoMicroInstrumentationand
TelemetrySystemstoaccompanyitsAltair8800kit.Bytheendof1976,morethan10,000
Altairsweresold,andversionswerelicensedtoRadioShack,Appleandothers.Later.Although
thecompanybecamealeaderinmicrocomputerprogramminglanguages,itsoutstandingsuccess
wascausedbyfittingIBMPCswithDOSin1981andnonIBMPCswithMSDOS.In1990,its
thirdattemptatcreatingWindowswasenormouslypopular,andWindows3.0,andlaterWindows
95,cementedMicrosoft'sleadership.

SincetheexplosionoftheWeb,Microsofthasworkedfeverishlytogainafoothold.By
givingawayitsInternetExplorerbrowserandthenfullyintegratingitintoWindows98,Internet
ExplorerisnowtheleadingonramptotheInternet.ItsMicrosoftNetwork(MSN)ISPdivisionis
alsoagrowingpartofthecompany.

Microsoft'spositionasthesupplierofthemajoroperatingsystemsandapplicationstothe
world'slargestcomputerbasehasgivenitconsiderableadvantage.Withamarketcapthatearlier
exceededhalfatrilliondollars,ithasmadethousandsofpeoplewealthyandenabledtheindustry
togrowimmensebecauseofWindows.However,thecompanyuseditsdominanceinthe
operatingsystemarenatoinducePCmakers,whichcouldnotsurvivewithoutWindows,into
favoringotherMicrosoftproducts,mostnotablyitsOfficeapplicationsandWebbrowsers.In
1998,theU.S.Governmentand19statessuedMicrosoftforantitrustviolations.InJune2000,the
courtorderedMicrosoftbebrokenintotwocompanies.Ayearlater,theappealscourtstoppedthe
breakupandsentthecasebacktothelowercourt.Thefinaloutcomeisstillpending.
Nevertheless,whetheroneMicrosoftortwo,thecompanywillremainamajorforceforyearsto
come.SeeMicrosoftandIBM,Windows,DOS,MicrosoftOffice,MicrosoftInternetExplorer,
MicrosoftIEandAltair.Seealsohottopicsandtrends.

WilliamH.Gates,III
BillGateshasbecomethemostwidelyknownbusinessentrepreneurintheworld,
regardlessofindustry.(ImagecourtesyofMicrosoftCorporation.)

TheMicrosoftCampus
ThisisthemainbuildingofthesprawlingMicrosoftcampus.(Imagecourtesyof
MicrosoftCorporation.)

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