,

.."

~PI..eBD
2000 CE Biology Paper I Marking

(i)

Scheme

Marks

The cells of A and the cells of the foetus are fonned by mitosis

of the zygote
(ii)

FOR TEACHERS' USE ONLY

(1)
(2)

"".""'"

female

A spennca"ying an X chromosome

fused with an egg, which always contains an X chromosome

to fonn a zygote I offspring with two X chromosomes.
thus resulting in a female foetus

(iii)

There are 3 chromosomes21 / an extra chromosomeis present

(iv)

The foetus may be expelled out of the uterus I miscarriage

(v)

Blood from A to the foetus has

higher oxygen content
higher nutrient content
lower carbon dioxide content
lower urea content
(accept other correct answers)

".'.'"
'...

I
I

'

)
)
) anytwo
)

Total: 10 marks
,(

.(b)

(i)

Tissue

A
B

is
is

.spongy
.palisade

mesophyll
mesophyll

(ii)

Number of chloroplastsin region 1is 20; while that in region 2 is 12

Ratio of chloroplast density in region 1 to that in region 2 is 5:3
,:
"
0 o.
This allows."thcleaf
'_0. to carry out pho~synthcsis ,ata higher rate

I
I
1

becausetissue A hasa higher ~ensityofchloroplasts

and it is located in the upper layer of the leaf
:.
so its cells are under direct illumination I can receivemore sunlight than
the cells oftissueB

1
1
1

Effective communication (C)

11

(iii)

(iv)

Cut
Put

the
cross stem
sections
ofa

Examine
Cell
type

leafy
of the shoot
stem in and
a dye
the solution
leaf

the
C would
sections be

stained
under

theby microscope
the dye

for

some

time """'

~..~

".""""'"

'

Total: 12 + 1 marks

-.(

I. (c)

(i)

Oxygen in the tidal air diffuses through'the residualair '..."

""'...
and dissolves in the water film lining the air sac
It then diffuses acrossthe walls of the air sacand the capilla[): into the blood...
I Effective communication (C)

(ii)

(I)
(2)

1
1
1
i I

The volume of tidal air will increase..'

'..'
The oxygenuptake in the blood becomesfaster

".'...""."...'.'.'."

1
I

becausethe distance of diffusion of oxygenfrom the tidal air)

to the water film is reduced
)
or becausethe surfaceareaof the air sac for diffusion of
) anyone 1
oxygen is increased
)
(iii)

ParticlesI Tar depositon tii~ ~all of the air ~c

thus reducethe rate ofdiffiisionofoxygen ...,
(accept other correct
t.,:anSWers)
.,1,:...
..". '~!'.

1
1
.:'

Total: 8 + 1 marks
,

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'.' ,.;"'---:-:i"-;':J:~~;::.~
~~_..
'
'

20OO-CE-Brn
I":. .,..

rz.",l-t'O

-H'B...g

FORTEACHERS'
USEONLY

2000 CE Biology Paper 1 Marking

2. (a)

(i)

Scheme

The daily energy

.Marks

intake of Jane is 6620 kJ

"""

'"

which is less than her daily energy requirement

Thus she has to consume I mobilize the fall food reserve in her body

~t;o

I
I

~~:;;:=~~~~h t

L-~=::~:~=~
.--!-l
Amino acids are broken down in
the liver

(ij)

to form carboh~drafC I a part without nitrogen (and urea) ".'"

which will be oxidized/used in respiration to release energy
(iii)

anaemia

'.""

"""'"

"."

(iv)

A
Rub
translucent
a piece ofspot
hamwill
on remain
a filter paper
after drying

I
I
I

'.'.'

".

mI

Immerse the paper in an organic solvent and the spot will disappear

OR

Add alcohol to a piece ofham and obtain a clear solution

Add water to the clear solution
The solution

.(b>

(i)I

will turn milky

.u..I:" .Aau +
From

However,
with

increasing

so
light-sensitive
This the
that

to

size
response
the

units

of

when

of

the light

light-sensitive
the
helps
cells pupil

light

light

intensity,

intensity

/ to photorcceptors
will prevent

any
one
set

the

size

intensity

is

cells
remain

excessive the
of
unchanged -+ retina

of

above

the

sensory
light

pupil

marks

decreases

units,

may

with entering
neurone
not
increasing
be

the /
damaged
opticeye...

light

nerve

intensity

'"

(ii)
(iii)
-+

As
Because
(
If:

associatinn

a markresult

neurnn.c

all for no the

eachlight light

in

tenn)
is

.-+

entering
reflected

Deduct
the
out

motor

eye

of

neurone

If: isthe mark

absorbed
eye

if through
there

by

nerve

the
is the no

-+

retina pupil
arrow

iris

muscle

and

sign.

the

choroid

(iv)
(i)

I
I
Total:

marks

Advantage:

The chanceof pollinationI fertilization is higher

Lesswastageof pollen grains

)
) anyone

Desirable characters of the parent are more likely to be transmitted)

to the offspring

Disadvantage:
(ii)

(iii)

Lessgenetic variation (acceptother con-ectanswers)

Removethe anthersfrom the flower beforetheyare mature

Use a brushto dust pollengrainsof anotherpea flower onto the stigma of this flower
Coverthe flower with a plasticbagto preventfurther pollination
". ...'

I
I
I

Effective communication (C)

(I)

(2)

Greenpod colouris dominantto yellow pod colour

or The allele for greenpod colour is dominantto the all~le for yellow pod colour
Let G represent the allele for green pods

and g representthe allele for yellowpods

F,

Gg

It~

Gg

It~

Gamete C(;:~~a

Fz

GG

'

Gg

Y.

Gg

"'

gree~POd:

gg

yello7 pod

Deduct 1 mark for leaving out the labels ofF., gameteand Fz..
Total: 11 + I marks
2000-CE-BIO 1-9

H m~.

.-

~ (JI.~
~=~F_Q.~
r~~CtiERS'~~-f~gt!~'Yi.~
.:;-:l

( -"

.R Pi ~ ftiJi
~ fJD

FOR TEACHERS' USE ONLY

2000 CE Biology Paper 1 Marking Scheme

3. (a)

(i)

(2)
(I)

The

Blood
Its

pressure

wall

slightly of

capillary
is
one-cell

blood greater

Marks

thick

in

A thanis

the

higher
or

similar

the

diagram.
plasma
cells

diameter

than

of

tothe

the

that pressureof

lumen

red of

out
line

of for

1+

is

blood

cell

(ii)
This
Drawing
the

fluid
forces

(D):surrounding
the
clear
plasma

and

the
except
accuratemuscle

protein
double

capillary

wall,

(iii)
biconcave RBC
Labels

(L):

any

"",."",.,.",.,.,."""",.,.."..,."",
three

of

the

following

labels

and

title;

'/z

mark

lYJ.
lYJ.

each

nucleus
cell of capillary wall/capillary

red blood cell

wall

lumen I blood plasma I blood

A section alon~ line BC

(iv)

(small
heart
j

intestine)
Deduct
-+
pulmonaryYz

-+
mark

hepatic

portal

artery
if there -+

is (lung)
no

vein
arrow

-+

liver

-+

sign. (Yz

hepatic

mark

vein
for

each

-+

vena

cava-+

term)

Total:

10

marks

(i)

Diabetesis causedby the absenceof certain substance(s)

which canbe found in the pancreas

I
I

(ii)

To detennine whetherthe substancein the pancreasextracteffective in

treating diabetesis a protein
ora fat
,

I
I

(iii)

(iv)

Symptoms of diabetes would remain

This is becauseproteasein the alimentary canal

will digestthe active substancewhich is protein in nature

I
I

In the diabetic person,the pancreascannotproduce enoughinsulin...

Thus the liver cannotconvertexcessglucose in the blood into glycogen
His blood glucoseconcentrationremains high
leading to a high level of glucose in the glomerular filtrate
The kidney tubules cannotreabsorball the glucose from the filtrate
,.
thus glucoseis excretedin the urine

1
1
1
1
I

I Effect~vecommunication (C)

i I
Total: 12 + 1 marks

(i)

The water potentialof the cell sapof cell A is greaterthan that of

the sucrosesolution
Watermoves out of the cell by osmosis
The vacuole shrinks in size
pulling the cytoplasm/cell membraneaway from the cell wall

I ~jfec~veco;;;:'unicatwn(C)
(ii)

(iii)

1
1
1
1

.--!J

The waterpotential of the cell sapof cell B may be the sameflower than
that of the surrounding solution
(acceptotherreasonableanswers)
(I)
(2)

Adjust the positinn nfthe slide until cell A is at the centre of

the field of vision
Adju~ the diaphra~m/ condenserto increasethe illwnination
of the slide
rum the ad_iustment
knob until the cell is in focus

1
1
1
Total: 8 + 1 marks

R ~.R
~ ft~~ IJU

FOR TEACHERS' USE ONLY

2000 CE Biology Paper 1 Marking Scheme

4. (a)

Marks

(i)

The amylase converts starchinto maltose.

(ii)

To ensure that sufficient amountof maltoseis produced

(jij)

When the temperatureincreasesfrom O.'70C.the amylaseactivity increases..., 1

When the temperaturesincreasesfrom 70-90C. the amylaseactivity decreases. 1
The optimum temperaturefor the activity of barleyamylaseis 70C
1

(iv)

The
Keep amylase
the mixture
is inactive
at very at low
this

temperature
temperature

(below
"."""'.'.'.""".".".""
IO.C)

but it is not denaturedI destroyed...".

(v)

After

incubating

Measure
perform

the
the

the

mixture

amount
Benedict's of

at a given

redtest precipitate

temperature
/ reducing

for
sugar

a fixed

period

formed

",

of

time,

"

Total: 10 marks
4. (b)

(i)

High concentrationof suspendedsolids reducesthe light intensity

in water
Thus the rateof photosynthesisof the producersdecreases...
and this leadsto a drop in the populationof the producers

(1)

I Effective communication

(ii)

(iii)

(C)-

I
I
I

--11

(2)

SiteD

(1)

The greater the amount of organic pollutants in water. the higher

the bacterial population
because the organic pollutants provide food
for the growth I multiplication of bacteria

1
1
I

(2)

Site C

(3)

Slow water current in the harbour

There is sewageoutfall at this site
Large human population

To
(acceptprotect

:~
~(~

other endangered
correct

) anyone

answers)
species

Total: 10 + I marks

4. (c)

(i)

When

This

Theand
during

perfonning

was

body
this

because

exercise
stimulated
temperature

heavy

large

exercise,

amount

the

started
increase

of

to

rate

of

heat

was

increase
in
sweat

sweat

production

generated

was

by

the

faster

body

production

(ii)

When the person is performing exercise,a large amountof water in the

body was lost in the form of sweat
1
The water potential of the blood / plasmawas lowered
1
Thus a greaterproportion of water was reabsorbedfrom the glomerular filtrate.. 1
hence lessurine was produced
I Effective communicat;on (C)

(iii)

(I)

(2)

The lining of the air sacsor respiratory tract is moist / covered with
a water film
Water in the water film evaporatesinto the air of the air sacI
respiratory tract
and is lost during exhalation

11
1
1

becausethe rate and depthof breathingwas increased ..,

I
so greateramountof air was exhaledfrom the lungs per unit time
I
leading to an increasedrate of water lossthrough exhalation
Total: 10 + I marks

(~I