PEDDay2 - 2 - SS-EN 13445

EN 13445
Unfired pressure
vessels
Menca Ogneova
TV NORD Sweden AB
02/12/2015
Fuzeile
02.12.2015
EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

Part 1: General
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Part 1: General
Main components of pressure vessel are:
Head
Nozzle
Shell
Support
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Part 1: General
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Part 1: General
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Part 1: General
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Part 1: General
EN 13445 applies to unfired pressure vessels subject to internal

pressure greater than 0,5 bar(g), but may be used for vessels operating
a lower pressures, including vacuum.
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Part 1: General
EN 13445 is not applicable to:
Vessels of riveted construction
Vessels of laminar cast iron or other material not included in Part 2

or Part 6
Multilayered, autofrettaged or pre-stressed vessels
Pipelines and industrial piping
Other Europian standards apply for water tube and shell boilers
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Part 1: General
EN 13445 may be applied to:
Transportable pressure equipment
Items specially designed for nuclear use
Pressure vessels with a risk of overheating
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Part 1: Annex X, List of Essential Safety Requirements
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Part 2: Material
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Part 2: Material
Only materials which are qualified for pressure equipment may be
used. There are three different ways for qualifying:
1. Materials from Europian harmonized standards, see table E2.1
e.g. EN 10028 (plate), EN 10222 (forging), EN 10216 (seamless
pipe), EN 10217 (welded pipe), EN 10269 (fasteners)
2. European Approval for Materials
3. Particular Material Appraisal
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Part 2: Material
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Part 2: Material
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Part 2: Material
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Part 2: Material
Requirements for the material according to Annex I PED 97/23/EC:
Minimum elongation after fracture
14% transverse or critical direction
16% longitudinal or less critical direction
Specified minimum impact energy (Charpy-V), at a test temperature
in accordance with Annex B but not higher than 20C:
27 J ferritic steels, steels with 1.5 - 5.0 % Ni
40 J other (35 J for some austentic steels)
Maximum carbon, phosphorus und sulfur contents for steels (e.g. for
ferritic steel (not stainless) max. values for cast analysis:
Cmax=0.23%, Pmax=0.035%, Smax=0.025%)
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Part 2: Material
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Part 3: Design
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Part 3: Design
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Part 3: Design
If a fatigue analysis is required it can be performed according to

clause 17 (simplified fatigue analysis, rules only for cyclic pressure,
conservative) or clause 18 (detailed fatigue analysis, normally by
usage of FEM). NDT requirements according to Annex G of EN
13445-5 shall be used
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Part 3: Design
Determination of the required thickness by DBF
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Part 3: Design
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Part 3: Design
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Part 3: Design
Clause 7: DBF for shells under internal pressure - iterative

or direct calculation of the required wall thicknesses
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Cylindrical and spherical shells

Dished ends
Cones and conical ends
Nozzles in the knuckle region
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Part 3: Design
Clause 8: DBF for shells under external pressure iterative or direct calculation of the required wall
thicknesses and stiffeners
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Part 3: Design
Clause 9: Openings in shells
Clause 10: Flat ends
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Part 3: Design
Clause 11: Flanges
Flanges that conform to an EN standard for pipework flanges
(e.g.EN 1092-1) with pressure-temperature ratings may be used as
pressure vessel components without any calculation under
particular conditions.
Flange calculation in clause 11 is based on Taylor-Forge method
Alternative rules for narrow face gasket flange design in Annex G
are most appropriate when: a) thermal cycling is important, b) bolt
stress is controlled by use of a tightening procedure, c) there are
significant additional loadings (forces or moments) or d) leak
tightness is of special importance.
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Part 3: Design
Clause 12: Bolted domed ends (Alternative Rules according to Annex
G)
Clause 13: Heat exchanger tubesheets (Alternative Rules according
to Annex J)
Clause 14: Expansion bellows
Clause 15: Pressure vessels of rectangular section
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Part 3: Design
Clause 16: Additional non-pressure loads
Local loads on nozzles in spherical or cylindrical shells
Line loads
Lifting lugs
Horizontal vessels on saddle supports, or on ring supports
Vertical vessels on bracket supports, with supporting legs, with
skirts, with ring support
Global loads
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Part 3: Design
Clause 17: Simplified assessment of fatigue life
Clause 18: Detailed assessment of fatigue life
Clause 19: Creep Design and Annex S
Clause 20: Design rules for reinforced flat walls
Clause 21: Circular flat ends with radial reinforcement ribs
Clause 22: Static analysis of tall vertical vessels on skirts
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Part 3: Design
Annex B (normative) DBA direct route
As a complement and as an alternative to DBF
Flexibility due to the partial safety factor concept (for actions and
for
resistances)
Avoids uncertainties in stress categorisation due to direct
addressing of the relevant failure modes (e.g. via elastic-plastic
FEA)
Failure modes considered are: a)Gross plastic deformation,
b)Progressive deformation, c)Fatigue, d)Instability, e)Static
equilibrium.
New, innovative method for DBA, some principals might be
adapted by other codes (e.g. ASME VIII Div.2)
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Part 3: Design
Annex C (normative) DBA method based on stress categories
Annex D (inf.): Verification of the shape of vessels subject to external
pressure
Annex E (norm.): Procedure for calculating the departure from the
true circle of cylinders and cones
Annex F (norm.): Allowable external pressure for vessels outside
circularity tolerance
Annex G (norm.): Alternative rules for flanges and gasketed flange
connections
Annex H (inf.): Gasket factors m and y
Annex I (inf.): Additional information on heat exchanger tubesheet
design
Annex J (norm.): Alternative methods for the design of heat
exchanger tubesheets
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Part 3: Design
Annex K (inf.): Additional information on expansion bellows design
Annex L (inf.): Basis for design rules related to non-pressure loads
Annex M (inf.): Measures to be adopted in service
Annex N (inf.): Bibliography to clause 18
Annex O (inf.): Physical properties of steel
Annex P (norm.): Classification of weld details to be assessed using
principal stresses
Annex Q (norm.): Simplifies procedure for fatigue assessment of
unwelded zones
Annex R (inf.): Coefficients for creep-rupture model equations for
extrapolation of creep rupture strength
Annex S (inf.): Extrapolation of the nominal design stress based on
time- independent behavior in the creep range
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Part 3: Design
Annex T (norm.): Design by experimental methods / burst test
Experimental methods without any calculation :
Shall only apply to vessels where the product Ps*V<6000 bar*L
Shall not apply to Modul B1
Experimental methods and other design methods :
When dimensions can be calculated by DBF this method should be
used
The test vessel or part shall not be used after the busrt test, even
when the vessel or part has shown no sign of burst or leak
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Part 3: Design
Annex ZA (inf.): Clauses of this European Standard addressing
essential requirements or other provisions of the EU directives
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Part 4: Manufacturing
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4.2 Material tracebility
4.2.1 General
The vessel manufacturer shall have an identification system for
materials used in manufacturing so that they afetr completed work
can be traced to its origin.
4.2.2 Identification system shall ensure that all material have been
subjected and passed the following:
Imperfactions, required thickness, Europian standard, welding
consumbeles, material tracebility to the original identification
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4.2 Material tracebility
4.2.3 Visibility
4.2.4 Review of material certification and material identification
4.2.5 Transfer of markings
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Part 5: Inspection and testing
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5.3 Design review
Design review shall allways be performed and the acceptence shall be documented.
It shall consist of, but not be limited to:
Material
Welding
Acess to perform required levels of inspections and test
Inspection openings according to Annex C of this standard
Safety accessories (safety valves, pressure / temperature / fluid level switches)
The adequacy of proposed pressure retaining boundary (thickness, vessel
geometry, weld goint geometry) for design conditions against those required by
the design requirements of this standard EN 13445-3
Design calculations and stress analysis method
Manufacturing and test procedures
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6 Inspection and testing during manufacturing
6.2 Manufacturing procedures and constructions drawings
6.3 Material tracebility, see EN 13445-4
6.5 Welding, see EN 13445-4
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Type of welds
Figure 6.6.2-3
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10.2.3.3 Standard hydrostatic test for testing group 1,2 and 3
The test pressure shall be greater of:
or
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10.2.3.3 Standard hydrostatic test for testing group 4
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or
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10.2.3.4 Pneumatic test
Attention is drawn to national regulations, with respect to the hazard involved in
proof testing using a compressible medium
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PEDDay2 - 2 - SS-EN 13445

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EN 13445

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 applies to unfired pressure vessels subject to internal

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

Vessels of riveted construction

Vessels of laminar cast iron or other material not included in Part 2

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

If a fatigue analysis is required it can be performed according to

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

Clause 7: DBF for shells under internal pressure - iterative

Cylindrical and spherical shells

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

Clause 10: Flat ends

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels

EN 13445 Unfired pressure vessels