API RP 571 PRACTICE QUESTIONS: T. SCHINDLER ‘COPYRIGHT 2005-T. SCHINDLER ALL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE GA ALL QUESTIONS ARE CLOSED BOOK APIRP 571 PRACTICE QUESTIONS |. Vibration-induced fatigue produces cracks in a. carbon steel only b. stainless steel only ©. duplex steels only d. can occur in virtually any materials 2. Biologically-induced degradation may be caused by which of the following mechanisms: a. MIC b. HIC ©. SOHIC 4. DICK 3, The appearance of erosionicorrosion is characterized by which of the following: a. localized loss of thickness b. grooves . gulleys 4. may be any or all of the above 4, An area that should be inspected carefully for mechanical fatigue cracking would be: plate base materials .. smooth, rounded areas toes of fillet welds . pipe base materials 5. Boller water condensate corrosion can best be preventefd or mitigated by: UT thickness checks . oxygen scavenging treatments using heat treated carbon steel |. using full radiography aege 6. Corrosion of steels from reaction with sulfur compounds in high temperature environments will be greater in which of the following materials: a. 1% chrome b. 2.4/4 % chrome . 5% chrome d. 9% chrome 7. Of the following, which would be the least effective method of locating tight caustic S.C.C., according toRP 571. a 5 FMT oe FM ur 233 ‘COPYRIGHT 2005-7. SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE 1API RP 571 PRACTICE QUESTIONS- T. SCHINDLER. (COPYRIGHT 2005-T. SCHINDLER ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - D0 NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE 8. The best way to prevent caustic embritlement is to: PWHT . use 300 Series SS . use a steamout 1. use a carbide equalizer with a galvanic injection 9. A primary failure mechanism that is particularly prevalent in 300 Series stainless steel materials i 1, fatigue cracking b. therm! fatigue cracking ©. chloride SCC 4. soil corrosion 10. MIC is usually observed by: 2. general corrosion loss b. large blisters ©. tight cracks 4. pitting under deposits or tubercles 14. The cause of “atmospheric corrosion’, per RP 571 includes all ofthe following except: . bird turns. . cooling tower drift marine locations, HTHA 12. Vibration-induced fatigue cracking can sometimes be located by NDE methods. The best NDE methods to detect this cracking would be: a. SWUT b. RT ©. NRT d. PT or MT. 13, HTHA will normally not occur in which of the following materials: a, 300 Series SS b. 5CR ©. 9CR d. all of the above 14, Flue Gas Dew Point Corrosion is normally found in: a. reactors: b. regenerators «. boilers/heaters d. cooling towers 1. Marine environments can cause corrosion at a rate of: a. 20 mpy b. 5 mpy ©. 200 mpy . <4 mpy (COPYRIGHT 2005... SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE. 2API RP 571 PRACTICE QUESTIONS- T. SCHINDLER ‘COPYRIGHT 2005 -T. SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE 16. Erosion/corrosion is best mitigated by: 2. using better PWHT b. using corrosion/erosion resistant alloys c. using better welding techniques 4. using a weld overlay of titanium 17. Britle fracture can be mitigated by which of the following inspection techniques: a. PT b. WEMT cc. RTUT, d. none of the above 18. Refractory loss by erosion can be located on-stream a. UT 'b. corrosion coupons ¢. BRFT @. IRscan 19, After insulation is removed, CU! often appears as: a. blisters b. small interconnected pits ©. loose flaky scale 4. general, clean metal loss 20. One of the best approaches for predicting whether boiler water condensate corrosion may be prevalent is: research records of deaerator operation . conduct a magnetite study . see if the water tastes “funny” d. check for MIC and chlorine hideouts 24. Dew Point corrosion caused by hydrochloric acids will normally occur at: a. 280°F b. 130°F ©. 130°C d. 138°C 22. Asulfide scale on the surface of a component may: ‘cause very bad corrosion due to sulfidation cause very bad cracking doe to sulfidation offer some degree of protection to sulfidation offer some degree of protection to erosion 23. The greatest susceptiilty of stainless steels to CL-SCC is in which ofthe following nickel contents: a. > 35% b. >45% ©. 8% ~ 12% d. < 8% ‘COPYRIGHT 2005... SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE. 3APLRP 571 PRACTICE QUESTIONS- T. SCHINDLER ‘COPYRIGHT 2005 T. SCHINDLER ALL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE. 24, When hydrotesting 300 Series stainless steels, what precautions should be taken to prevent CL scc? pressurize to 1.5 x P only 9. use only gas to test use heated water use low chloride water and dry quickly poge 25. Caustic stress cracking can occur at low levels if concentrated in a local area. These concentrat may cause cracking at: a. 50-100 ppm b. > 300 ppm ©. > 500 ppm d. <50 ppm 26. As a general rul ‘cracking due to thermal fatigue may be expected if temperature swings exceed: a. 100°F b. 200°F ©. 300°F d. 40°F 27. In steam generating equipment, thermal fatigue cracks: are always linear are never surface-breaking usually follow the tow of a fillet weld, where applied are best inspected using RT 28. The erosion/corrosion rate of carbon stee! in seawater, using 1FPS (tidal current) will be: a. Bmpy b. 13 mpy ©. 47 mpy 4. Ompy 29. The ratio of endurance limit over ultimate tens strength is usually between: a. 04-05 b. 05-06 c. 0.08 - 0.09 i 0.04 - 0.05 30. One of the primary factors that contribute to fatigue cracking is: a. material erosion b. NOTT of material ©. lack of proper support d. material upgrades: ‘31. Inspection and monitoring of atmospheric corrosion is generally conducted using which of the following NDE techniques, per API RP 571? a. MT and PT b. UTand VT . AET and NRT d. RT and LT ‘COPYRIGHT 2005-7. SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE. 4API RP 571 PRACTICE QUESTIONS- T. SCHINDLER. ‘COPYRIGHT 2005-T. SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE. 32. Which of the following insulation materials will contribute to CL-SCC on insulated 300 Series SS materials? a. closed cell foam b. spray -on refractory ¢. calcium silicate 4. carbonate di-sulfate 33, Deaerator cracking can best be detected by removing the equipment from service, and utilizing a b. WEMT ©. PT d. 34. For HRSG's, the use of, ‘materials in the feedwater heaters should be avoided, if the environment will contain chlorides, . 400 Series SS 1. carbon steel - aluminum |. 300 Series SS 35. MIC must have which ofthe following to thrive: a. water b. oil ©. gas 4. norm 36. Soll corrosivity can be determined using which of the following single factors: a, moisture b. compaction . resistivity . no single factor that can be used to determine soll corrosivity 37. Sulfidation is also know as: a. SCC b. MIC . sulfidic corrosion d. sulfanitamide 38. Nickel alloys above nickel are nearly immune from CL-SCC. - 35% 45% 8% 16% 39. Susceptabilty to caustic embrittiement in NaOH and KoH solutions is a function of . caustic strength metal temperature stress levels, |. all of the above ‘COPYRIGHT 2005 -T, SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTEAPI RP 571 PRACTICE QUESTIONS- T. SCHINDLER ‘COPYRIGHT 2005-7, SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE 40. In the early stages of HTHA, bubblesicavities can be detected in samples by: PT . UTSW . scanning microscope AET pore ‘COPYRIGHT 2005.-T. SCHINDLER - AL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE 6API RP 574 PRACTICE QUESTIONS- T. SCHINDLER ‘COPYRIGHT 2005-. SCHINDLER - AL RIGHTS RESERVED -09 NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE API RP 571 PRACTICE QUESTIONS ANSWER KEY 4, 4.2.47.2 27.0,4.2.95 28. a, Table 4-3 29.0, 4.2163, 30.0, 4.2.17.3, 31.b, 4.3.27 ‘COPYRIGHT 2005-T. SCHINDLER - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED -DO NOT COPY OR DISTRIBUTE 7SECTION 3.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONSDecemiber 2003 ‘API Recommended Practice 871 at 3.4 Terms 3.11 Austenitic - 2 term that refers to a type of metallurgical structure (austenite) normally found in 300 Series stainless steels and nickel base alloys. 3.1.2 Austenitic stainless steels ~ the 300 Series stainless steels including Types 304, 304L, 304H, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 316H, 321, 321H, 347, and 347H. The ‘L” and "H” suffixes refer to controlled ranges of jow and high carbon content, respectively. These alloys are characterized by an austenitic structure. 3.1.3 Carbon steel - steels that do not have alloying elements intentionally added. However, there may be small amounts of elements permitted by specifications such as SA516 and SA106, for example that can affect corrosion resistance, hardness after welding, and toughness. Elements which may be found in small quantities include Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, S, Si, P, Al, Vand B 3.1.4 Diethanolamine (DEA) ~ used in amine treating to remove H2S and CO; from hydrocarbon streams. 3.1.8 Duplex stainless steel - a family of stainless steels that contain a mixed austenitic-ferritic structure including Alloy 2205, 2304, and 2507. The welds of 300 series stainless steels may also exhibit a duplex structure, 3.4.6 Ferritic — a term that refers to a type of metallurgical structure (ferrite) normally found in carbon and low alloy steels and many 400 series stainless steels. 3.4.7 Ferritic st jess steels ~ include Types 405, 409, 430, 442, and 446, 3.1.8 Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) ~ the portion of the base metal adjacent to a weld which has not been melted, but whose metallurgical microstructure and mechanical properties have been changed by the heat of welding, sometimes with undesirable effects. 3.4.9 Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) — describes stepwise intemal cracks that connect adjacent hydrogen blisters on different planes in the metal, or to the metal surface. No externally applied stress is ineeded for the formation of HIC. The development of internal cracks (sometimes referred to as blister cracks) tends to link with other cracks by a transgranuler plastic shear mechanism because of internal pressure resulting from the accumulation of hydrogen. The link-up of these cracks on different planes in steels has been referred to as stepwise cracking to characterize the nature of the crack appearance. 3.1.40 Low alloy steel — a family of steels containing up to 9% chromium and other alloying additions for high temperature strength and creep resistance. The materials include C-0.5Mo, Mn-0.5Mo, 1Cr-0.5Mo, 1.25 Cr-0.5Mo, 2,25Cr-1.0Mo, 5Cr-0.5Mo, and 9Cr-1Mo. These are considered ferritic steels. 3.4.11 Martensitic - a term that refers to a type of metallurgical structure (martensite) normally found in ‘some 400 series stainless steel. Heat treatment and or welding followed by rapid cooling can produce this structure in carbon and low alloy steels. 3.1.12. Martensitic stainless steel — include Types 410, 410S, 416, 420, 440A, 4408, and 440C. 3.1.43. Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) — used in amine treating to remove HS and CO; from hydrocarbon streams. 3.1.14 Monoethanolamine (MEA) ~ used in amine treating to remove H2S and CO; from hydrocarbon streams. 3.1.18 Nickel base — a family of alloys containing nickel as a major alloying element (>30%) including Alloys 200, 400, K-500, 800, 800H, 825, 600, 600H, 617, 625, 718, X-750, and C276,December 2003 API Recommended Practice 571 33 3.2.23 3.2.24 3.2.28 3.2.26 3.2.27 3.2.28 3.2.29 3.2.30 3.2.31 3.2.32 3.2.33 3.2.34 3.2.38 3.2.36 3.2.37 3.2.38 3.2.38 3.2.40 3.2.41 3.2.42 3.2.43 3.2.44 3.2.45 3.2.46 3.2.47 3.2.48 3.2.49 3.2.60 3.2.81 H, — hydrogen H,0 ~ also known as water. H,S — hydrogen sulfide, a potsonous gas. HAZ — Heat Affected Zone HB - Brinnell hardness number. HCO - heavy cycle oil HCGO ~ heavy coker gas oil HIC — Hydrogen Induced Cracking HP — high pressure. HPS - high pressure separator. HVGO — heavy vacuum gas oil HSLA — high strength low alloy. HSAS ~ heat stable amine salts. IC,— chemical symbol referring isobutane. IP — intermediate pressure, IRIS — internal rotating inspection system. K.0.~ knock out, as in K.0. Drum LEGO — light coker gas oil LCO = light cycle ol LP — low pressure, LPS — low pressure separator. LVGO ~ light vacuum gas oil. MDEA— methyldiethanolamine, MEA ~ monoethanolamine. mpy — mils per year. MT — magnetic particle testing. NAG ~ naphthenic acid corrosion NH.HS — ammonium bisuitide. PMI — positive materials identification.