PLAN RECORD REVISIONS ap- | CHECK- proven | ED SO wena soe naews [no DESCRIPTION (DATE) S Changed ship number from H.323 to H.105 a ~| AN (June. 29, 2004 K.M.) ee Be n=) S S S i S zs g 5 eo c[k 2 0 5 fob RPO Ez hae i TLE Ad x16 ABR x2 129 SHEET (S) WITH COVER cwowwnivenacan cesiover | TZAR PUERTOREAL H.105 /\ ‘APPROVED _F. Shimode MAIN BOILER (MB-4E) T.Yuki : ee ‘cHEcKeD LUchida BOILER INSTRUCTION AND praww —_K.Matsushita MAINTENAI JAL (I) CONFERRED/ SCALE ~ ‘ORDER Trew | DRAWING NO. RENN. FIS18 97000 97000-0006 (1) A ae MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. NAGASAKI SHIPYARD & MACHINERY WORKS DRAWN Jun. 11,2002 ISSUEDMAIN BOILERS OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS FOR IZAR CONSTRCCIONES NAVALES, S.A. H.NO. 105 NAGASAKI SHIPYARD & MACHINERY WORKS MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD NAGASAKI JAPAN MI su BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.A. INTRODUCTION 4 Principle Part 5 Outline of Main Boiler & Accessories 6 Boiler Accessories 10 Design Data W Performance Data 13 Performance Curve 1s Outline of Operation 2 Data for Operation 25 Outline of Maintenance 35 Check Point List 38 Condition of the Emergency Fuel Oil and Gas Cut 39 B, OPERATING PROCEDURE 40 Preparing for Service 41 Starting a Boiler from Dead Ship Conditions 44 Lighting up and Raising Pressure 47 Scouring a Boiler 56 Method for Cutting-In Another Boiler ST Operation of Stand-By Forced Draft Fan 60 I-Boiler Operation 61 Emergency Operation 62 Trouble Shooting 63 ©. GENERAL MAINTENANCE 65 Feed Water & Boiler Water Treatment 66 Low pH Treatment of Boiler & Feed Water 66 Limiting Values of Feed Water and Boiler Water 67 Explanation of Boiler Water Treatment and Its Limiting Values 68 Decision of Dosage B Measures to be taken when the Relation between pH Value of Boiler Water and Phosphate Ion Concentration becomes Deviating Off from the Theoretical Curve 75 Feed Water Treating B MI su BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.Boiler Water Concentration and Blowing B Caution in Water Quality Measurement 81 Care of Boilers Out of Service 83 Hydrostatic Tes 86 Boiling Out 87 Water Washing Fireside 89 Acid Cleaning 90 Mechanical Waterside Cleaning 92 D. MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF BOILER PARTS 93 Maintenance of Refractory 94 Boiler and Water Wall Tube 7 Superheater lol Desuperheater 106 Steam Temperature Control System 106 Economizer 109 Use of Tube Expanders 10 Expander List ul Miscellaneous Boiler Parts 4 Attachment Arrangement of Boiler Mountings 116 Arrangement of Main Boiler 118 Arrangement of Superheater 19 Main Boiler General Piping 120 Diagram of Feed Water Piping 121 Diagram of Boiler Mountings 122 Diagram of Burner Piping 123 Diagram of Soot Blower Steam Piping 124 Diagram of Air and Gas Duct 125 Diagram of F.0. Pump and Heater 126 Diagram of Chemical and Sampling Pipe 127 Diagram of Dumping Desuperheater 128 Diagram of Seal Air 129 MI su BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.A. INTRODUCTION MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD,PRINCIPLE PART Econmizer 4 Saturated __-Steam Air Heater Stean Pipe 7 I \ Steam Drum i Burner I / ™. i i 7 : see Hi\ MW \\\\\ Vimy TT 1 Voll fil eal [NO ZA "|. Superheater fear Bank Tube Long Retractable Soot Blower a Water Orun_- MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.ae OUTLI OF MA BO R_& ACCESSORIES ts of two drum water tube “MITSUBISHI MB-4E” type marine boiler with oil and gas combination burners located in the furnace roof. The unit i composed of a steam drum and a water drum connected by a bank of inclined generating tubes. Other water side components include : front screen tubes shielding the superheater elements from direct radiant heat of the furnace, side and roof water wall, front and rear water wall tubes, down-commers, bottom headers, roof and bottom front wall headers, roof and bottom rear wall headers, and front ted ight envelop three side of the furnace. A supetheater, an internal desuperheater, a superheated steam and rear wall riser pipe. Each tube in the furnace floor, side & roof, front and rear wall are j to the adjacent tube by welding. In this welded wall construction, the tubes form a gas- control desuperheater, the economizer, steam air heater, and casing include the remaining principal components of construction. Since the combination burners are located in the furnace roof, the gas flow from the furnace is evenly distributed across the front bank, superheater, and generating banks, discharging through the economizer located at the uptake of boiler. DRUM INTERNALS Steam drum intemals consists of desuperheater, surface blow line, internal feed pipe, chemical feed line, baffles and dry box. Steam generated in the boiler tubes enters the steam drum, where it is forced to pass through a baffle located at the normal water level before entering the upper part of the steam drum, Before leaving the boiler through the outlet nozzle, the steam must pass through the dry box located at the top of the drum. A submerged type desuperheater located below the water level in the steam drum provides reduced temperature auxiliary steam. Since the desuperheater receives its steam supplied from the superheater outlet, a positive flow of steam is maintained through the supetheater at all times regardless of the demand for superheated steam. The superheater steam temperature control system incorporates a submerged type desuperheater located in the water drum to maintain normal steam temperature when the boiler is operated in excess of normal rating and, when necessary, to reduce the steam temperature at all ratings. Manholes fitted with hinged manhole covers are provided in the front head of the steam drum and water drum, The hinges allow the manhole covers to swing into the drum clear of the manhole. MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD,ae FURNACE Water cooled walls are provided by lining the furnace side, floor and roof with a single row of 63.5 mm tubes, and front and rear with a single row of 50.8 mm tubes. External down commers provide ample circulation to water drum, bottom header and front & rear water wall headers. The water cooled floor consists of 63.5 mm tubes traversing the furnace floor from the bottom header, then bending to form the furnace side and roof, which terminates in the steam drum, Furnace front and rear wall tubes arranged from the lower to the upper water wall headers cover front and rear furnace walls, Upper front and rear water wall headers are connected to the steam drum by 1 pipe, Because water wall tubes are jointed to their adjacent tubes in a welded wall construction, they form a gas tight envelops lining the furnace. Where openings are required for burners, access doors and soot blowers, they have been formed by bending tubes back and to the side to form the opening and then back to their original plane to continue the welded wall construction, The furnace water wall tubes are backed up by insulation buck-stays and a corrugated casing, SADDLES Saddles are provided under the water drum and the front & rear water wall headers to support the weight of the boiler. Rear saddle under the water drum is fixed and the front saddle has slotted bolt holes, grooves and grease fittings to allow easy movement and lubrication. Grease fittings are provided on both front and rear saddle of water wall header. The grooved saddles are free to slide to allow for expansion of the boiler as it is warmed up. The sliding feet should be inspected and cleaned as frequently as possible and should be greased at least each 600 boiler steaming hours. This procedure is extremely important and should be followed without failure, There are cases on record where pressure parts have failed because the sliding saddles and frozen in place, preventing movement required during normal expansion. SUPERHEATER ‘The superheater is of the vertical, interbank, convection type arranged for multipass steam flow Superheater elements are arranged in groups of six concentric hair pin loop elements, the ends of which are welded into the inlet-outlet headers and intermediate headers. The arrangement of elements is such that the superheater tubes are parallel to the boiler generating tubes, Guide castings welded to the superheater elements and two inch generating and screen tubes form a sliding joint which aids in tube alignment. The superheater inlet, outlet and intermediate header run parallel to the water drum through the depth of the boiler. Each header is sectioned internally by welded steel diaphragms to direct the steam through five consecutive passes between the headers. Complete drainage is provided by a small opening in the lower edge of plates allow access for inspecting and cleaning the superheater internally MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD,ECONOM! An extended surface type economizer is placed above the boiler tube bank. The economizer is made up of closely spaced continuous loop elements, which is welded to the terminal headers at both ends. Each element shall be of 50.8 mm tubes straight carbon steel tubes with spiral steel fin, connected by U-bends forming integral loop. All elements are supported at the front and rear side by tube plates. On the outside of the terminal headers, handholes with covers are provided. Insulated steel casings are provided around the economizer and large removable panels are fitted on the front and rear side for access and tube removal. Feedwater enters the inlet header at the top and flows through the elements counterflowing to the gas leaving the boiler, to the lower header, thence to the boiler steam drum BOIL ACCESSORIES Boiler accessories are listed on this section later with the manufacture’s name and identifying data, See instruction books of those accessories for detailed description. Following is the outlines: (1) Steam Air Heater The boiler has a steam air heater to heat combustion air by steam (2) Oil / Gas Combination Burner The boiler is equipped with three (3) sets of fuel oil and gas combination burners on the roof wall of the furnace, The fuel combination bumer is of steam assisted pressure jet type, consisting of atomizer gun, forced draft distributed to each burner from a burner manifold by branch connect register with fuel shut off valve, The fuel is n pipe. The oper: of increasing or decreasing the number of the burners is automatically operated by the automatic combustion control signal, and remotely operated by the push button when necessary. (3) Automatic Combustion Control “MADIC” electronic automatic combustion control equipment is installed for the boiler. The combustion control system regulates the fuel and air supply to the boiler so as to maintain steam pressure at the superheater outlet within predetermined limits. Combustion air supply is controlled automatically by actuating the inlet vane of forced draft fan. Fuel oil and gas fuel oil and supply is also controlled automatically by means of regulating valve locate ‘gas supply line, In case of control air supply failure, the regulating valves in the fuel oil supply is locked, while the air regulating vanes opened. 4 Superheated Steam Temperature Control The superheated steam temperature control system is provided to m the superheated steam temperature at less than 515°C. at the boiler load approaches normal steaming capacity and overload capacity. The steam is comprised of the superheater, a control desuperheater, at remote, pneumatically controlled valves, the control system for the valves, and the necessary connecting piping. A part of the steam leaving the four pass of the superheater is directed to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD,ae the temperature control desuperheater, and lowered its temperature, mixed with the steam flowing the by-pass line, thence enters the five pass of the superheater. The steam flow to the control desuperheater is controlled with the air operated control valve. (5) Feed Water Regulator “MADIC” three-element type feed water regulator is equipped. The regulator is composed of differential pressure type water level sensing device, steam flow sensing device, auto-manual selector switch and feed water regulating valve. The feed water flow is controlled automatically by the regulating valve is accordance with the variation of water level in the boiler drum and steam flow at the superheater outlet to maintain the water level constant. The water flow can be also adjusted manually and independently. In case of control air supply failure, the regulating valve is locked (6) Soot Blower The boiler is equipped with soot blower system of steam nozzle tube type. The type and number of soot blowers are as follows: Position No. Type Superheater One (1) Long retractable Boiler bank tube Two (2) Stationary rotary Economizer Four (4) Stationary rotary Soot blower of long retractable and stationary rotary is driven by electric motor. Blowing medium of all these blowers is desuperheated steam. All soot blowers are automatically and sequentially operated from the soot blower operating panel at control room. MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD,BOILER ACCESSO) Equipment Manufacturer (1) [Steam Air Heater Dong Hwa Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. (2) |Oil / Gas Combination Burner Hamworthy Combustion Engineering Ltd. (3) |Safety & Relief Valve for BLR Fukui Seisakusho Co., Ltd (4) |Safety & Relief Valve for ECO Fukui Seisakusho Co., Ltd (5) |Soot Blower ‘Kikan Buhin MFG, Co., Ltd. (6) |Water Level Gauge Sawada Seisakusho Co., Ltd. (7) |Feed Water Motor Valve (Osaka Valve Co., Ltd. (8) |O2 Meter INGK Insulators, Ltd. (9) |Swing Check Valve Mitsumoto Valve Mfg Co., Ltd. (10) Piston Valve Konan Valve Co,, Ltd. INakakita Seisakusyo Co., Ltd (11) [Butterfly Valve NBS Co., Ltd, (12) |Forced Draft Fan ABB Solyvent-Ventec (13) |Fuel Oil Pump [Kosaka Laboratory Ltd. (14) [Fuel Oil Heater |Aalborg Industries KK (15) |Smoke Indicator ‘Shonan Kosakusho Co., Ltd. (16) |BLR Water Amine Injec. Equip Sakura Seisakusho, Ltd. (17) |Feed Water Hydrazine Injec. Equip. {Sakura Seisakusho, Ltd. (18) [Water Analysis Unit DKK.TOA Corporation (19) |Seal Air Fan |Azuma Sofuki Co., Ltd. (20) |Gas Content Sensor \Yamatake Co., Ltd (21) |Extemal Desupetheater Spray Nippon Keystone Corporation (22) |Air Duct Damper ‘Samwon Environment & Blower Co., Ltd. (23) | Viscosity. Meter Nakakita Seisakusyo Co., Ltd. (24) |F.O. Strainer INiikura Kogyo Co., Ltd. (25) |F.O. Flow Meter Nitto Seiko Co,, Ltd. (26) |F.O. Leak Flow Switch Sankyo Seisakusyo Co., Ltd. (27) Salinity Meter 3A Rika Co., Ltd MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD,PRESSURES (kg/cm?) Design’ Operating (Supetheater Outlet) « Hydrostatic Test (Maximum) « Safety Valve Settings: Steam Drum: ‘Superheater- Economizer TEMPERATURE (C. Steam at Normal rating Feed Water at Normal rating: Steam Air Heater Inlet Ai Steam Air heater Outlet Air at Normal rating ~ EVAPORATION (kg/h) ‘Normal rating ~ Maximum Capacity FURNACE VOLUME (m*, HEATING SURFACE (m’) 78.0 17.0 78 & 775 50,000 65,000 47.5 Total Cold Water to Fill Unit Completely Cold Water to Fill Boiler to Normal Level Cold Water Fill Superheater: Cold Water Fill Economizer Boiler, Dry, Complete with Burners and Soot Blower Economizer, Dry, Complete with fittings Boiler Water, Steaming Condition Economizer Water, Operating Condition-~ Total One Boiler, Steaming Conditios Total One Economizer, Operating Condition MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD, 30,110 120 970 40,900 37,900 14,404 2,767 55,304 40,667TUBE DATA (mm) ae Location Quantity | Diameter_| Thickness Rear Bank Tubes 1,610 38.1 32 Supetheater Support Tubes 40 50.8 45 Roof, Side & Floor Water Wall Tubes 57 63.5 55 Front Water Wall Tubes 2 50.8 45 Rear Water Wall Tubes 2 50.8 4s Front Bank Tubes 80 54.0 45 ‘Supetheater Element #1 35 38.1 45 Supetheater Element #2 35 38.1 45 Supetheater Element #3 SI 38.1 55 Supetheater Element #4 sl 38.1 55 Superheater Element #5 39 38.1 55 Superheater Element #6 39 38.1 55 Desuperheater Element 10 38.1 40 Control Desuperheater Element 12 38.1 40 MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 12PERFORMANCE DATA 2000-11 10 Main Boiler For BAZAN/AESA ENAGAS Boiler Type MB4E Oil. Firing Load Max | MCR | 100% ] 75% | 50% | 25% Nor, SH Steam kg/h] 63.000] 55.300] 49.000] 36.000] 24.000] 12.500) Evaporation DSH Steam kwh | 2.000| 1.000| 1.000 1.000] 1.000] 1.009] Total kwh __| 65.000] 56.300| 50.000] 37,000] 25.000|_13.s00] Steam Press. [Drum kwem'g] 69.7] 67.7] 66.5 64.4] 63] 62.1 ISH Outlet kyem’g] O18] 61.8) 618) os) 61s] 618 Eco Inlet A] 138] 138) 138] 138) 138] 138 Feed Water SH Inlet c 2ed] 282] ei] 279] 277] 277] Steam Temp. ISH Outlet c 515) S15 515] a5 Sul 471 DSH Outlet c 2oi| 287] 287] 287] 287] 287] Efficiency (HV Base) % 88.7] 88.7) 88.6) KI] 86.2 Caloritie HH keavke | 10.280] 10.280] 10,280| 10.280] 10.280| 10.280] Value LHV keavke | 9.713] 9.713] 9.713) 9.713] 9.713] 9.713 Fuel Consumption kg/h 4733| 4104] 3641] 2691] 1802] 9609] Excess Air Rate % 0) 10) lol 12s] 19.2 36] 02 Rate % [ee | |) Combution Air Flow keh | 71390] 61900] 54920) _41s10|_ 29450] _ 17900) Flue Gas Flow kesh | 76123] 66004] $8561) 44201 18860) Eco Outlet Gas Temp. c 176,171} _167|_ 60] 156] 8 Air Temp. FDF Outlet c 40) 40} 40 40} 40 40 SAH Outh c 120} 120) Tot mmAgPERFORMANCE DATA 20001110 Main Boiler For BAZAN/AESA Boiler Type MBE Gas Firing Nz: 0 Vol% CH: 100 Vol% Load Max | MCR | 100% | 75% | 50% | 25% Nor. SH Steam kesh] 63,000] 55.300] 49,000] 36,000] 24,000] 12,500] Evaporation keh] 2,000] 1,000 1.000] 1.000] 1,000] 1,000] kw/h__| 65,000] 36,300} 50,000] 37.000] 25,000] 13.500] Steam Press. [Drum 69.7| 67.7| 06.5] 644] 63] 62.1 SH Outlet 618] 618] G18] OLRL 618] 1} ECO Inlet °C iss] 138) 138] 138} 13s} 13s Feed Water SHI Inlet °C 284] 282] 21] 279277277] Steam ‘Temp. — [St Outlet °C. Sis| 515 515 508 DSH Outlet °C 291} 287] 287] 287] 287] 287] Efficiency (HHV Base) % 84.0) 84.2] 84.2] B41] 83.6) 81.7] Caloritie HV, kealiky | 13,270] 13.270| 13.270] 13.270] 13.270| 13.270} ‘alue LuV keal/ky | 11,950] 11,950] 11,950] 11,950] 11,980|_11.950] Fuel Consumption kg/h 3866] 3352| 2974/2198] 1489] 809] Excess Air Rate % | 10 Jo Jo ts} 19.2) 36 }O2 Rate % 19] 1.9 19 23 3.4] 5.0) |Combution Air Flow kg/h 73170] 63440] $6290} 42550] 30540} 18930] Flue Gas Flow kwh | 77036] 66792] S926 a4748| 32029] 19739) Eco Outlet Gas ‘Temp. °C 179| 173] 170} 163 159] 185] Air Temp. FDE Outlet c [ 40} 40 40 40 40] 40] SAH Outlet °c 120) 120] 120) 120) 120] 120] Votal Draft Loss mmag 497]__373] 294) 168} 87 33EXPECTED PERFORMANCE CURVE (OIL FIRING) 88.0 87.0 86.0 (og) Souaiouyya 29110 70.000 60,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 Evaporation (kg/h) 10,000 0 20,000 30,000 40.000 $0,000 60.000 70.000 10,000 0 Evaporation (kg/h)EXPECTED PERFORMANCE CURVE (OIL FIRING) ay) aunssoid WuedIS 70.000 60,000 50.000 (SUPERHEATER OUTLET: | 40,000 20,000 30,000 Evaporation (kg/h) 10,000 9 (9,) aumesaduia , wears 3 1300,4) 60,000 70,000 50,000 40.000, Evaporation (keh) 30,000 20,000 10,000 0EXPECTED PERFORMANCE CURVE (OIL FIRING) 50,000 60,000 70,000 40,000 (byway) sso] ye 20,000 30,000 40,000 30,000 60,000 70,000 Evaporation (kg/h) 10,000 0EXPECTED PERFORMANCE CURVE (GAS FIRING) 82.0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60.000 70.000 0 Evaporation (kg/h) (wy) uondwinsuo:9 HO [20d 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 Evaporation (kg/h) 20,000 10,000EXPECTED PERFORMANCE CURVE (GAS FIRING) (wo /ay) ainssorg tues 40,000 $0,000 60,000 70.000) 30,000 0.000 2 10,000 0 Evaporation (kg/h) TT : WATER INLET) || | FRED 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 40,000 70.000 Evaporation (kg/h) 10,000 070,000 gS Etrpre eg Seer creer eee een eee] z fens mai w 2 Pea aa PT EU CO | > s ae ere cere eee cee eee eect x eee liter tee Se . 2D eH EE

1. Ifitis necessary to start a boiler from dead ship conditions with neither shore power nor shore steam available, diesel oil may be used until steam has been raised enough to heat the bunker fuel. 2. Fill the boiler with deaerated water from a deaerator if at all possible. The feed tanks should be filled with condensate before securing the boilers to provide the water necessary for restarting, It is advisable to fill the boiler S0~80 mm above the normal water level to provide an additional storage until the feed pump can be started 3. Start the emergency diesel generator, and blow out the gas remaining in the furnace using the forced draft fan at low speed before lighting up the burner. 4. Prepare the boiler for service as outlined under the normal starting procedure Line up the emergency fuel oil pump to take suction from the diesel oil tank and to discharge to the burner manifold. 6. Start pumping diesel oil, bleed off enough through the recirculating line, or through the ‘bumer oil lead into a bucket to remove all heavy oil from the piping 7. The diesel fuel oil must to supplied to the bumers at designated oil pressure in order to obtain proper atomization 8. Open the following valves before lighting up. (1) Drum air vent valve (49B, SOB) (2) Superheater header drain valves (72B, 76B, 77B, 78B) (3) Starting valves (73B, 74B) (4) Control desuperheater drain valves (135B, 136B, 137B, 138B) 9. Light on a burner with air atomizing, Fuel oil pressure is 3.0 kg/cm? (Combustion rate is 250 kg/h), 10, When steam pressure is up to, 1.0 kg/cm? close drum air vent valve. In case the steam severely spurt, crack open the superheater header and control desuperheater drain valve The superheater outlet header vent valve must be left open until the boiler is put on the line. 11, If completely drain, close the superheater header drain valves and control desuperheater drain valves. 12, After a drum pressure 2.0 kg/cm? has been reached, start warming up the auxiliary steam lines. Line up steam to the settling tank coils. Line up feed pump and have it ready for service when needed. The starting valve must be left open until the boiler has been cut in on the load 13. As soon as the fuel oil in the settling tank is warm enough to pump, prepare to change from diesel fuel to bunker fuel. Line up steam on the fuel oil heaters. 14, Secure the bumer, Circulate bunker fuel through the fuel oil heaters and piping until oil at the MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.15. 16 17. 18, 19, 20. 2 22, Note) ae proper temperature is available in the manifold, Relight the burner, normal conditions, and continue raising pressure as outlined under normal condition. When steam pressure is up to 10~15 kg/cm? start warming up the feed water pump, main ‘generator and other machineries After a drum pressure 15 kg/em? has been reached, change atomizing fluid from air to steam 1g pressure at 4.5 kg/cm? of fuel oil pressure as outlined under normal condition. Start the feed pump, as early as possible. After starting the feed pump, close starting valve. Start the main generator. When the generator is up to speed and capable of carrying a load, switch over to generator and secure the diesel generator Drain and warm up connecting piping to the main and auxiliary steam lines. It is essential that the connecting steam piping is clear of all water and warmed up to approximately operating temperature before cutting the boiler in on the load ‘When the steam pressure is about 3~4 kg/cm? below normal operating pressure, check the safety valves with the easing gear. Lift the disc well off the seat to give a strong blow and release the lifting lever quickly to reseat the valves sharply. Set up the burners with the proper sprayer plates for the service required, lighting up as necessary. 1. Combustion rate should be used as a guide for start-up and should be controlled appropriately so as to follow the pressure raising curve. To prevent damage to supetheater tubes, combustion rate should not be increased excessively. 2. When it takes time to raise pressure, the starting valve should be operated (throttled) so that the combustion rate will follow the pressure raising curve MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.| | 3| 3 Bi Z| gi a SI zy s a sI Cold Start (In case the other boiler is not used.) Note: 1. Combustion rate should be used as a guide for | yowwouoT we oMp LEIS, Sunseys ot Kp 950] puw ourqimy dund soe poay om) HEI Sp ‘ssid “Q'y aster pur 9/84, > Du OF JasaIp Woy Ho Jon} dsuyD) ‘ayvoy [0 fony 0} weais 1. Check the water level in the steam drum, When the water level gauge is lined up properly the water level will drop when the drain valve is opened, then retum to its original level when the drain valve is closed 2. Start the forced draft fan, open the damper and the bumer air slide door and ventilate the furnace thoroughly for at least five minutes before lighting up 3. Operate the steam air heater simultaneously with forced draft fan. Circulate fuel oil through the fuel oil heaters and the burner manifold, A re-circulating valve on the manifold and a re-circulating line to the service pump suction is provided for this purpose By-pass fuel oil meter until ready to light on When the fuel oil in the burner manifold is at the correct temperature, insert an atomizer assembled with a lighting-up sprayer plate in burner. Close the air registers of the other burners. 6. Reduce the forced draft pressure at the bumers to 10~20 mmAgq, Close the re-cireulating valve and see that the proper fuel oil pressure is available in the burner manifold 7. Light up the bumer following the instructions outlined in the bumer section and burner instruction book. Adjust the fuel oil pressure and forced draft pressure to establish a full steady flame with ignition close to the atomizer. The fuel oil must be completely burned. It is important that no unburned oil is sprayed into the furnace and that no heavy smoke is produced Frequently observe the smoke indicator and the burner flame, especially after making any change in firing rate or in forced draft pressure. 8. When steam pressure is up to 1.0 kg/m”, close drum air vent valve. In case the steam severely spurt, crack open the superheater header and control desuperheater drain valve The superheater outlet header vent valve must be left open until the boiler is put on the line 9. Take plenty of time bringing the boiler to working pressure to avoid overheating the superheater elements or damaging the brickwork. Firing rate should be less than 250 kg/h by using the normal atomizer sprayer plate until the pressure of 5.0 kg/em? has been reached. Then fire the boiler at a rate which will raise the steam pressure in accordance with pressure raising curve, It takes at least 2~3 hours to raise steam pressure to about 5.0 kg/em?, Do not raise steam pressure too quickly. Tum the burner on/off if necessary 10, Close the valve on the steam pressure gauge and bleed the steam gauge line to be sure it is clear. Allow the line to cool for a few minutes before opening the pressure gauge valve. See that the gauge responds immediately as the valve is opened. 11. Check the water level again by opening the water gauge drain, nothing if the level drops immediately when the drain valve is opened ant returns to the original level as the valve is closed MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.ae 12, Drain and warm up connecting piping to the main and auxiliary steam lines. It is e: 1g temperature before cutting the boiler in on the load. ial that the connecting steam pi clear of all water and warmed up to approximately operating 13. When the steam pressure is about 3.0~4.0 kg/cm’ below normal operating pressure, check the safety valves with the easing gear. Lift the disc well off the seat to give a strong blow and release the lifting lever quickly to reseat the valves sharply. 14, Since the economizer is installed it may be found that steam will from in the tubes causing a water hammer. In this case run in enough feed water to lower the economizer temperature ight in the gauges. Never open Blow down the boiler if necessary to keep the water level in s water wall header drain valves unless the bumers are secured, 15, When the boiler pressure reaches operating pressure, open the valves cutting the boiler in on load, Close superheater outlet starting valve. Make sure all other drain valves, vent valves and by-pass valves are closed. At this point carefully observe the water level in the boiler. If automatic water regulation is to be used make sure regulators are working properly. 16, Set up the burners with the proper sprayer plates for the service required, lighting up as necessary. Operating procedure of each boiler condition shall be as follows, (1) Boiler Cold Start (In case the other boiler is normal used.) < Refer to “Boiler Start Up Procedure -2 > 1. _ Prepare the boiler for service as outlined under the normal starting procedure Start the forced draft fan, ventilate the fumace thoroughly before lighting up Circulate bunker fuel through the fuel oil heaters and piping until oil at the proper temperature is available in the manifold 4, Open the following valves before lighting up. (1) Drum air vent valve (2) Superheater header drain valves (3) Starting valves (4) Starting valve outlet drain valves (5) Control desuperheater drain valves (6) Steam temperature control valve Light up the burner at 3.0 kg/em? of fuel oil pressure (Combustion rate is 250 kg/h) When steam pressure is up to 1.0 kg/cm’, close drum air vent valve. In case the steam severely spurt, crack open the superheater header and control desuperheater drain valve The superheater outlet header vent valve must be left open until the boiler is put on the line. 7. If completely drain, close the superheater header drain valves, starting valve outlet drain valves and control desuperheater drain valves. MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 4810. u ae Then steam pressure shall be raise in accordance with pressure raising curve. Drain and warm up connecting piping to the main and auxiliary steam lines. It is essential that the connecting steam piping is clear of all water and warmed up to approximately operating temperature before cutting the boiler in on the load. When the steam pressure is about 3.0~4.0 kg/cm’ below normal operating pressure, check the safety valves with the easing gear. Lift the disc well off the seat to give a strong blow and release the lifting lever quickly to reseat the valves sharply. When the boiler pressure reaches operating pressure, open the valves cutting the boiler in on load. Close superheater outlet starting valve. Make sure all other drain valves, vent valves and by-pass valves are closed. At this point carefully observe the water level in the boiler. If automatic water regulation is to be used make sure regulators are working properly. Set up the burners with the proper sprayer plates for the service required, lighting up as necessary. Note) 1. Combustion rate should be used as a guide for start-up and should be controlled appropriately so as to follow the pressure raising curve. To prevent damage to superheater tubes, combustion rate should not be increased excessively. 2. When it takes time to raise pressure, the starting valve should be operated (throttled) so that the combustion rate will follow the pressure raising curve At two-boiler operation, make sure to keep the starting valve open until the boiler under pressure raising takes on load (2) Boiler Hot Start (In case the other boiler is not used. < Refer to “Boiler Start Up Procedure -3 > 1 Check the water level in the steam drum, When the water level gauge is lined up properly the water level will drop when the drain valve is opened, then return to its original level when the drain valve is closed Start the forced draft fan, open the damper and the burner air slide door and ventilate the furnace thoroughly for at least one minutes before lighting up. Operate the steam air heater simultaneously with forced draft fan Circulate fuel oil through the fuel oil heaters and the burner manifold. A re-circulating valve on the manifold and a re-circulating line to the service pump suction is provided for this purpose, By-pass fuel oil meter until ready to light up When the fuel assembled in the burner manifold is at the correct temperature, insert an atomizer a lighting-up sprayer plate in burner. Close the air registers of the other burners Reduce the forced draft pressure at the burners to 10~20 mmg, Close the re-cireulating valve and sce that the proper fuel oil pressure is available in the burner manifold. Open the following valves before lighting up MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 4915 16, 17. 18. ae (1) Air vent valve fitted on the steam drum : Full close (2) Drain valves of the superheater headers, drain valves on the starting valve outlet, drain valves of control desuperheater, steam temperature control valve : Full open (3) Starting valves on the superheater outlet : Half open Supply steam to fuel oil heater. Light up the burner following the instructions outlined in the burner section and burner instruction book. Adjust the fuel oil pressure and forced draft pressure to establish a full steady flame with ignition close to the atomizer. The fuel oil must be completely burned, It important that no unburned oil is sprayed into the furnace and that no heavy smoke is produced. Frequently observe the smoke indicator and the bumer flame, especially after making any change in firing rate or in forced draft pressure. Line up desuperheated steam to the each machinery. The starting valve must be left open until stable steam come into superheater Take plenty of time bringing the boiler to working pressure to avoid overheating the superheater elements or damaging the brickwork. Firing rate should be less than 250 kg/h by using the normal atomizer sprayer plate Then steam pressure shall be rise in accordance with pressure raising curve If completely drain, close the superheater header drain valves, starting valve outlet drain valves and control desuperheater drain valves. Close the valve on the steam pressure gauge and bleed the steam gauge line to be sure it is clear. Allow the line to cool for a few minutes before opening the pressure gauge valve. See that the gauge responds immediately as the valve is opened. Check the water level again by opening the water gauge drain, nothing if the level drops immediately when the drain valve is opened ant returns to the original level as the valve is closed After a drum pressure 15 kg/cm? has been reached, change atomizing fluid from air to steam. And continue raising pressure at 4.5 kg/cm? of fuel oil pressure as outlined under normal condition. Start the feed pump, as early as possible. After starting the feed pump, close starting valve After a steam pressure 20 kg/cm’ has been reached, start the main generator. Note) 1. Combustion rate should be used as a guide for start-up and should be controlled appropriately so as to follow the pressure raising curve. To prevent damage to ively. superheater tubes, combustion rate should not be increased exces 2. When it takes time to raise pressure, the starting valve should be operated (throttled) so that the combustion rate will follow the pressure raising curve MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.GB) ae Boiler Hot Start (In case the other boiler is normal used. < Refer to “Boiler Start Up Procedure -4 > 1 6 10. u Start the forced draft fan, ventilate the furnace thoroughly before lighting up Circulate bunker fuel through the fuel oil heaters and piping until oil at the proper temperature is available in the manifold Open the following valves before lighting up, (1) Air vent valve fitted on the steam drum : Full close (2) Drain valves of the superheater headers, drain valves on the starting valve outlet, drain valves of control desuperheater, steam temperature control valve : Full open (3) Starting valves on the superheater outlet : Half open Light up the burner following the instructions outlined in the burner section and burner instruction book. Adjust the fuel oil pressure and forced draft pressure to establish a full steady flame with ignition close to the atomizer. The fuel oil must be completely burned It important that no unburned oil is sprayed into the furnace and that no heavy smoke is produced. Frequently observe the smoke indicator and the bumer flame, especially after making any change in firing rate or in forced draft pressure. Line up desuperheated steam to the each machinery. The starting valve must be left open until stable steam come into superheater Take plenty of time bringing the boiler to working pressure to avoid overheating the superheater elements or damaging the brickwork. Firing rate should be less than 250 kg/h by using the normal atomizer sprayer plate If completely drain, close the superheater header drain valves, starting valve outlet drain valves and control desupetheater drain valves. Then steam pressure shall be rise in accordance with pressure raising curve When the steam pressure is about 3.0~4.0 kg/cm’ below normal operating pressure, check the safety valves with the easing gear. Lift the disc well off the seat to give a strong blow and release the lifting lever quickly to reseat the valves sharply. When the boiler pressure reaches operating pressure, open the valves cutting the boiler in on load. Close superheater outlet starting valve. Make sure all other drain valves, vent valves and by-pass valves are closed. At this point carefully observe the water level in the boiler. If automatic water regulation properly. Set up the burners with the proper sprayer plates for the service required, lighting up as to be used make sure regulators are working necessary. Note) 1. Combustion rate should be used as a guide for start-up and should be controlled appropriately so as to follow the pressure raising curve. To prevent damage to superheater tubes, combustion rate should not be increased excessively. MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.ae 2. When it takes time to raise pressure, the starting valve should be operated (throttled) so that the combustion rate will follow the pressure raising curve 3. At two-boiler operation, make sure to keep the starting valve open until the boiler under pressure raising takes on load MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 52(In case the other boiler is normal used.) Note: 1. Combustion rate should be used as a guide for 70 start-up and should be controlled appropriately so as to follow the pressureraising curve. 2. At two boiler operation, make sure to keep the starting valve open until the boiler under 60, 50 q leg e 2 z 3 4 5 yao; Be 5 3 <= 3 g 2 2 g & g £ Lee fe g [22 | #2] 4 | aE ea a Zag b+Ses 2 = ePegs i $s z [282 23 2 & 7 |} S22 22 5 Big 38 2 ep | 28 : 2; SES 23 g age | #8 | gz ee 38 § Pees ag 3 fe | é g Hb ye &68 0 & [ Z »KI ° 60 120 180 Operating Time After Light Up (minute) MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 240 53| | 3| 3 Bi Z| gi a SI zy s a sI Hot Start (In case the other boiler is not used.) Note: 1, Combustion rate should be used as a guide for ‘yoqerouad ureu ayy Weg ‘oaqea Sunueys oy 9s0[9 puw ourqany duund soyeas pooy oxp EIS zo/8y cp ounssoud jo jong asiey — start-up and should be controlled appropriately 0 as to follow the pressure raising curve ‘2AqeA unwap saywoyzadnsop joru0s pup a4[04 ulesp s9peay sojwoysadns ‘osjes uresp FunuMys oup asojs “FuruIeIp s|>qo|du09 J Ho XaBoy >, 987] ‘ZU /HyY Q°¢ Jo amssaud ye sazrtUO}e EULOW SusM JOU amp JJO ISH] -}8oy [0 [2H 0} wHLaIS (dng onyea jonuos aumessdwoy uivors pue 24]e urEyp soye=qodusop josuoD “oxyea ap Sit pu oxyea Sumas “oayea uresp sopeoy sowoyodns wodg, ‘UoA ste wNIP 9501.) ! poy e es s e e 8 &B Ss 8 a (go/8y) eanssoaq wnaq 70 60 90, 120 30 Operating Time After Light Off (minute) MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 54(in case the other boiler is normal used.) ‘Note: 1. Combustion rate should be used as a guide for start-up and should be controlled appropriately 0 as to follow the pressure raising curve. 2. At two boiler operation, make sure to keep the starting valve open until the boiler under pressure raising takes on load. 70 7S Ee & ii i | g3i 2 60 | ge z 15 a see S ora ad 50 |Z SE ba2238 ehecds g ESe553 240 | beaboe 2 geass 5 wishes é bP Eze elec 20 f / i 10 0 0 30 60 90 Operating Time After Light Off (minute) MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 120 35SECURING A BOILER 1. Operate the soot blowers when conditions permit. It is recommended that soot blowers are used before boiler load drops to 50%. 2. Secure the burners one at a time Keep the forced draft fan running a few moment after securing bumers, maintaining a forced draft pressure of at least 25 mmAgq until all combustible vapor has been cleared from the furnace, then close all air registers, secure the fan, and close the forced draft fan vane. 4. In case the boiler is mz hold the steam pressure within 4,0~7.0 kg/om? below normal operating pressure, Always remember to open the starting valve before lighting up a burne 6. Incase the unit is cooled (1) Before securing the feed stops, raise the water level 70~120 mm above normal, if ed in stand-by condition, by lighting-up a burner occasionally to necessary as the boiler cools, to keep the level at about 50 mm above the lower end of water gauge. (2) Secure the main auxiliary and desuperheater outlet stop valves as soon as the boiler stops steaming, (3) Before securing the steam stop valves, open the superheater vent valve, throttling to avoid dropping the pressure too rapidly. (4) When the steam pressure has dropped to 1.0 kg/cm? open the drains on the superheater headers; also open the desuperheater drain (5) When the steam pressure is down to atmospheric, open the steam drum vent, (6) Four hours after the burners are secured the forced draft fan can be restarted if necessary to assist in cooling the unit, Avoid the practice of draining and refilling with cold water to cool the boiler, MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.ae METHOD FOR C BOILER ING-IN ANOTHE In addition to a thorough knowledge of boiler structure and piping system, close attention and good judgment are required for the safe operation of boilers. Very often careless handling of valves will cause an accident, as damage to the valves, piping, machinery and etc, Part of the damage is caused by improper draining of the piping system. It is advisable that the boilers be operated in strict compliance with the instructions of the engineers in charge 1, When a boiler (STBD boiler) is steaming and the other (PORT boiler) is going to be cut-in, slowly bring the steam pressure in the Port boiler up to the pressure in the STBD boiler. At the same time warm up the piping on the Port boiler, Refer to Fig. B-1. Assume that the valve E and are fully open, a generator is running and the desuperheated steam is supplied through the valve N. 2. Fire the port boiler and raise the pressure gradually in the procedure described in "Raising Pressure", while warm up the piping necessary to combined operation sending the steam. This warming up is to be done 30 minutes earlier than the cutting-in, to save time for drainage 3. Keep the water level at normal after lighting up, When water level rises in pressure raising, blow down the boiler water if necessary. The feed water system should be lined up for use, and combustion control should be performed by manual control 4. When the steam in the port boiler is nearly the same pressure as that in the STBD boiler, open the header. the inlet and outlet drain valves of the superheater header and thoroughly di First, cut in the desuperheated steam line (auxiliary steam line) as follows: Give an information for the operators of the auxiliary machinery, for which auxiliary steam is being supplied, to open the drain valves on the steam pipe of each machine, Then gradually equalize the steam pressure of both boilers (1)_ Slightly open the non-return valve L (2) Open the drain valve W and drain thoroughly the desuperheater (3). Close the non-return valve L. (4) Slightly open the valve N (5) Drain the desuperheater outlet line completely. (6) Slowly open the valve N after the non-return valve L is slightly opened again (7) Slowly open the non-return valve L (8) Tightly close the drain valve W. Now that the desuperheated steam line (auxiliary steam line) has been cut-in, close the starting valve U tightly Note: Starting valve is to be opened until the boiler is placed on the line 6. Connect the main steam line as follows. Give an information to cut-in the generator line for the operators of generator, and open the drain valve before the generator inlet steam valve. MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.ae (1) Open the drain valve X. (2) Slightly open the non-return valve C and drain the steam line completely. (3) Slowly open the non-return valve C. (4) Close the drain valve X. Special attention should be paid on opening the valve E and D, for example, if the staying condensate in the pipeline is supplied steam to the generator turbine, the steam temperature goes down, the lights becomes dark due to decreased revolution, strange sound takes place in the turbine due to vibration, etc, When these matters are observed, close the operating valve as soon as possible, Also, pay attention the water level rise due to the increase of steam flow from the steam drum at line connecting, 7. In principle all valves of the boilers in service should be full open or full closed. Partial opening or closing of the valves will cause and unbalanced rate between the two boilers, and may result in trouble, After the two boilers are cut-in on the line, check to see that both are in the same operating condition, If any deficiency is noted, take prompt remedial action, Carefully check to ensure all vent and drain valves are tightly closed and not leaking. This has direct influence on the fuel oil consumption. MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 58‘SH OUTLET STARTING V/V Fig. B-1_ STEAM LINE DIAGRAM : SL § (og NO.2 BOILER ON x Ce NO. 1 BOILER MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 59ae OPERATION OF STAND-BY FORCED DRAFT F, When a fan cannot be used for some reason, it is necessary to fire two boilers with stand-by fan, If one of the fans fails for some reason, the boiler on the same ship side is shut down by the fuel oil emergency shut-off equipment, On the other hand, the boiler in normal operation receives ACC signals to take over the load of the boiler which was shut down, so if the fan failure alarm sounds, the load on the main engine should be reduced immediately. If stand-by fan operation is found necessary as the result of an investigation of the cause, operation should be made in accordance with the following procedure (1) Close the outlet damper of the fan which failed. (2) Open the common duct damper of failed boiler side. Operate stand-by F.D. fan, The fuel oil emergency shut-off valve for the shut-down boiler is now ready to open (3) Select stand-by fan mode. (4) Switch ACC from auto to manual. Fuel oil auto/manual switch and fan auto/manual switch should be put in manual mode for both No.1 and No.2 boilers. (5) Perform furnace purge of the shut-down boiler. Open the air slide of the base bumer, put the burner wind box air pressure at about 20 mmAq and purge for at least § minutes. Pay atten jon to air flow adjustment so that the boiler in normal operation is not short of air (6) Fully open the boiler starting valve. (7) Open the fuel oil emergency shut-off valve (8) Light off the boiler which is shut down, After lighting off, adjust oil pressure to about 4 kg/cm?g and raise steam pressure at the same combustion rate until the pressure reaches the same pressure as the other boiler. Take care so that pressure raising rate is not higher than the pressure raising curve (9) Start two-boiler operation, When the pressure of the boiler has reached the same pressure as the other boiler, start two-boiler operation and close the superheater starting valve (10) Put the fuel auto/manual switch in auto position for both boilers. Switching should be made after boiler load has become steady. (11) Increase the main engine load gradually, (Notes) 1, The fan is operated near the maximum capacity and air pressure is low, so draft loss is liable to occur. So increase the frequency of soot blowing for the main boiler and economizer to 3~4 times a day The steam outlet valve of the shut-down boiler need not be operated at all 3. Cleaning of burner tip. Change the burner to gas burner for each boiler and clean it, Shut down one burner at a time simultaneously for each boiler and after cleaning, light off one burner at a time simultaneously for each boiler. Note that if the number of bumers in use is different between two boilers, air distribution becomes uneven, causing problems in air flow adjustment. MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 60When it becomes necessary to run the ship with one boiler in operation due to an unexpected trouble, operate the boiler, paying attention to the following points. 1, Allowable Maximum Continuous Evaporation for One-boiler Operation Allowable maximum continuous evaporation is 65 Uh. Whether the maximum continuous evaporation is reached or not should be judged by the burner oil pressure or ACC oil flow meter. At the maximum continuous evaporation, oil pressure is 16.6 kg/cm? and oil flow is about 4,733 kg/h with three burners in use. 2. Instructions for One-Boiler Operation at Maximum Evaporation (1) Pay attention to the condition of combustion and adjust air flow properly. The fan is operating near the maximum load, so take care so that black smoke is not emitted at load change. (2) Make boiler load change as slowly as pos ible. (3) When cleaning burner tips, reduce boiler load beforehand. When only one burner is in service, the maximum evaporation of the boiler is 20 t/h, so reduce the boiler load below this load before cleaning bumer tips. If the boiler load is not reduced, steam pressure decreases, (2) Pay attention to steam temperature rise. If steam temperature is 315°C or higher with STC control valve fully opened, reduce the boiler load. 3. _ Instructions for Boiler out of Operation (1) Completely isolate the boiler out of operation from the boiler in operation. Particularly when making repairs, check main steam stop valve, feed water valve, ACC steam pressure detecting root valve, auxiliary steam desuperheater steam outlet valve, drain valve, chemical dosing valve and other lines which are connected to the other boiler (2). When the boiler is shut down for a long time, the boiler should be preserved by wet lay-up method MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 61ICY O| PERAT LOSS OF WATER In case the water level falls below the visible range of the water gages due to failure of the feed water supply or neglect of the operator, close the fuel supply valves of the burners-immediately 2, When the feed water is not operating for a long time, close the feed stop valves and the main and auxiliary steam valves. Secure the bumners and forced draft fan, Open the starting valve and gradually reduce the steam pressure. 3. Do not attempt to add water until the boiler is cooled down sufficiently so that ther likelihood of damage due to water coming in contact with overheated pressure parts. OSS OF FIR! 1, Close burner valves immediately. 2, Reduce the burner air pressure 3. Before relighting any burner, allow the furnace to clear of combustion gases from any unburned oil 4. Use a igniter to relight the bumers. Do not attempt to light up from hot brickwork. TUBE FAILURE Shut off the fuel supply to the burners immediately. If the tube failure has resulted from low water in the boiler, close the feed stop valve & the main and auxiliary steam stop valves. No water should be fed to the boiler. See "Loss of Water" If the tube failure was not caused by low water, maintain the water in the boiler at normal level is possible until the boiler has been cooled, Secure the main and the auxiliary steam valves. Open the starting valve of superheater outlet. In either case keep the forced draft fan running and adjust the damper to maintain sufficient air flow to carry the escaping steam out through the stack. Do not blow down the boiler unless the casualty is such that it might endanger the fire room personal After the pressure has decreased and the fires are cut, stop the boilers and close all possible sources of air flow into the boiler fumace. Allow the boiler to cool off slowly. FAILURE OF FORCED DRAFT 1 2 3 Stop the fuel supply to the bumers immediately. Restart the fan and purge furnace of all gases. Close all burner air registers Light up the bumers one at a time, using a igniter. Do not attempt to keep burners in service until the fan is being restarted as the economizer and air preheater will be badly fouled with soot in a short time and may result in a soot fire in them which can cause considerable damage. MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 62TROUBLE HOO! Trouble Remedy Probable Cause Boiler water low level (1) Close fuel oil emergency shut-off valve. Shut down bumers. (2) Stop feed water supply. + Feed water pressure low. + Feed water control valve faulty + Feed water regulator faulty + Water level gauge indication faulty + Boiler tube broken Burner flame loss (Close fuel oil emergency shut-off valve. Shut down bumers. (2) Light up after furnace purge. ~ Oil pressure low + Air flow excessive + Flame eye failure + Bumer tip fouled + Steam atomizing used improperly + Drain entry into atomizing steam Boiler tube broken’ (Close fuel oil emergency shut-off valve. Shut down burners (2) When caused by low water level When caused by factors other than low water level (3) Operate fan continuously and reduce pressure gradually. (4) Start blowing at pressure 10 kg/om? or less, ~ Boiler water level low + Tube corroded (Improper treatment of boiler water) + Tube overheated (Scale deposits, faulty water circulation) + Excessive combustion rate Fire in casing, (1) Close fuel oil emergency shut-off | Oil leak from burner valve. Shut down bumers + Residual oil in furnace (2) Stop fan and fully close inlet + Bumer operation faulty vane. (3) Open fire extinguish steam valve. FDF failure (1) Close fuel oil emergency shut-off | + Electric circuit failure valve. Shut down burners + Motor failure (2) Re-start fan. (3)_Light up after furnace purge. Leak from (1) Close fuel oil emergency shut-off |= Tube inside corroded economizer tube valve. Shut down burners. (2) Stop feed water supply. (3) Close economizer inlet and outlet valves and drain water from drain valve. (4) Start boiler feed water supply using feed water by-pass line and light up (5) Light up boiler again (6) Plug or replace tube. MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.ae ntry of sea water into feed water line a Q) B) ) 6) Reduce boiler load. Keep pH and PO, at upper limit of control valves. Analyze feed water and sea water every 2 hours, Blow boiler water and keep salinity within control value. Make internal inspection at an earliest opportunity and perform acid cleaning if necessary. ~ Condenser leakage ing plant faulty Abnormal rise of superheated steam temperature a Q) GB) (a) Throttle combustion air as much as possible. Check bumer tip. Perform steam atomizing to improve combustion. Reduce boiler load if the above remedies are not effective, + Firing box exce + Faulty combustion ‘Abnormal fall of superheated steam temperature a) @) G) @) () Reduce boiler load. Check water level gauge Analyze boiler water and adjust concentration, Check temperature control desuperheater for leak. Make internal inspection of superheater tube and perform acid cleaning if necessary + Boiler water carry-over + Boiler water treatment faulty + Desuperheater leaking SAH outlet temperature low a Q) @) Open air vent valve and vent air. Install baffle plate, etc. to prevent deflection of air flow, Raise steam pressure. * Air entrapped in pre-heater + Deflection of air flow + Fall of steam pressure pipe and Increase in SAH air pressure loss ay Pull out elements and clean with soot blower, ete. + Fall of steam pressure ns clogged with dust, etc. Steam leak from’ SAH a) Plug or replace damaged heating tube * Heating tube damaged MIs BISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 64C._ GENERAL MAINTENACE MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. has a long experience in boiler water and feed water treatment, making efforts to study and develop the most advanced and appropriate method to boiler plants for both sea and land. If there happen any questions or troubles of your plants, please contact with us to get an appropriate measures for them, In caustic treatment of boiler water, pH value of boiler water is mainly adjusted by the caustic soda (NaOH), Therefore, at the so-called hot spot, a spot of the tube internal surface where temperature is excessively high, a layer of highly concentrated boiler water is formed between the tube metal and water. If this highly concentrated layer is of alkaline, corrosion of steels occurs as shown in the following formulas. Fe + 2NaOH > Na, FeO, +2H 3Na,FeO, +4H,O > — 6NaOH + Fe,O, +2H If oxygen exists svinfvo, 30,010, 4 exaoHrs fa This is alkaline corrosion. Low pH coordinated phosphate treatment was developed as one of the methods that can perfectly prevent this alkaline corrosion, and has been widely used for land power plants. We recommend this treating method also for 60 kg/cm? marine boiler. Principle of low coordinated phosphate treatment This is a method that controls pH value of boiler water by sodium phosphate and maintains the mole ratio of Na/PO, in a determined value. Though the appropriate value of this mole ratio varies due to the boiler water temperature, it is 2.8-2.9 for the 60 kg/cm? class boilers. Even when the boiler water is highly concentrated in a boundary film, sodium phosphate is educed in this mole ratio. So, caustic soda does not isolate, concentrated alkaline film is not formed, thus, alkaline corrosion does not proceed. If sodium phosphate is used, in one hand, alone to maintain pH value of boiler water as high as it used to be, solids in boiler water increases. The pH value in the boiler, on the other hand, of which oxygen content is small, needs not to be increased as before, Therefore, in high pressure boiler, pH value of water is kept lower than hitherto maintained by the caustic alkaline treatment. This practice is designated "Low pH coordinated phosphate treatment" or simply "Low pH treatment" as commonly called. For 60 kg/em? class , we recommend the treatment that keeps mole ratio of Na/PO, at 2.8 by using tertiary sodium phosphate (asPO,+12H;0) and secondary sodium phosphate (NasHPO,+ 12HO). Let the mole of NasHPO,+12H20 (Molecular weight = 358) be "X" against one mole of NasPO,+12H:O (Molecular weight = 380) which is required to keep the mole ratio of Na/PO, at marine boiler MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 66ae 2.8. Then, Na _3x14+2xX = =28 PO, Vxl+1xX Therefore, X= 0.25, that is, the mixing ré 41 io by weight of NasPO,°12H0 to NasHPO,+12H:0 is Chemicals to be used For boiler water: Tertiary sodium phosphate (NasPO, + /2H:0) and secondary sodium phosphate (NazHPO,-12H,0) shall be used in mole ratio Na PO, = 2.8. For feed water Hydrazine hydrate (NH, -H:0) Compounding procedure of tertiary and secondary sodium phosphates In order to keep mole ratio Na’PO, in 2.8, required mole of NasHPO, *12H20 is 0.25 to 1 mole of NasPO,*12H,0. Therefore, theit weight ratio becomes 4.25:1 Na,PO,-12H,O _380x4 ‘Na,HPO,-12H,0 358x1 =425 LIMITING VALUES OF FEED WATER AND BOILER WATER For the boiler in operation, boiler water shall be sampled and analyzed at least twice a day, and necessary measures shall be taken for the boiler water accordingly. When you got familiar with boiler water treatment, you can do it once a day. In sampling boiler water, care should be taken to sample the boiler water that represents the real condition of boiler water. Feed water and boiler instruments and water analysis shall be carefully done according to the instructions of analyzin gauges to be used utilizing chemicals specified. Efforts should be exercised to maintain pH value, phosphate ion, chloride ion and dissolved solid of feed water and boiler water within the specified limit, Limiting values for feed water and boiler water in low pH coordinated phosphate treatment for 60 kg/cm? marine boilers are as follows: Feed water (1) Dissolved oxygen : Oxygen content of feed water must be kept not more than 0.02 ceiliter. 2) pH pH value of feed water shall be kept at 8.0 ~ 9.0, (target value 8.7) 3) Hardness Hardness (CaCO;) of feed water at economizer inlet shall be 0.0 ppm 4) Oil n feed water at economizer inlet shall be 0.0 ppm when ever le. (5) Hydrazine Hydrazine (N2H,) in feed water at economizer inlet shall be more than 0.01 ppm, (It shall not exceed the upper limit for pH value of feed water.) MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 67ae water pH pH value shall be kept at 9.6 ~ 10.3, (2) Chloride ion Chloride ion shall be not more than 20 ppm and be kept as low as le. (3) Dissolved solid: Dissolved solid shall be not more than 200 ppm. Presumption of the amount of dissolved solid by means of electric conductivity is not always correct as the relation between them varies due to the water quality. But, for the boilers in this ship, the amount of dissolved solid can be maintained below the limiting value 200 ppm by making electric conductivity of boiler water not more than 400 ,@85/mm of which alkalinity is neutralized with boric acid-glycerin or other acid solution using phenolphthalein as indicator. (4). Phosphate ion Phosphate ion (PO.*) shall be 10 ~ 20 ppm () Sil ica (Si02) shall be not more than 3 ppm. EXPLANATION OF BOILER WATER TREATMENT AND ITS. LIMITING VALUES: Treating method of feed water and boiler water that is necessary for boiler maintenance shall be outlined below. Troubles caused by feed water and boiler water can be roughly divided as follows. (1) Overheating of the heating surface due to scale and oil sticking (2) Corrosion (alkaline embrittlement) (3) Troubles in the superheater or the turbine due to carry-over To prevent the above, some limits for feed water and boiler water are necessary. For (1), hardness and oil in feed water and silica in boiler water shall he limited. For (2), pH values of feed water and boiler water shall be lim fed. Some salts prevent corrosion and other salts promote it, So it is not practical to set limit equally upon them. But generally, when contained excessively, salt (chloride) promotes corrosion, so they shall be kept as little as practicable. For (3), dissolved solids and oil in feed water shall be limited. For silica carry-over, silica in boiler water shall be limited. Feed water pH Purpose of adjusting the feed water pH is to prevent corrosion in the feed water system, If the feed water pH is not correct, the feed water system will be corroded and their corrosion products will be brought into the boiler and they will form scale and sludge in the boiler, Therefore, the feed water pH control is one of the important items of boiler maintenance. As pH value of water rises high, corrosiveness of water becomes less. But, copper alloy is corroded by high pH water. Therefore, care should be paid not to raise pH value too high, Considering the above fact, pH value of feed water shall be kept at 8 ~ 9 not to cause corrosion of both steel and copper alloy in MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 68ae feed water system, pH adjustment shall be done by injection of hydrazine which shall be explained later in the article "Hydrazine in feed water" Boiler water Corrosion of steel by the high temperature water € boiler water is minimized at pH value of about 12. But if average pH of boiler water is kept at 12, local concentration in boundary film of hot spot becomes excess , resulting in the increased corrosion of steel. Therefore, the higher evaporating ratio and pressure of boiler are, the lower the upper limit of boiler water pH must be than 12, Since the boiler water pH control by caustic alkali has a defect to cause too high pH value due to the local concentration of boiler water. We recommend the low pH treatment that utilizes both tertiary sodium phosphate and secondary sodium phosphate and keeps boiler water pH value within the range of 9.6 ~ 10.3. Hardness Scale in the tubes is formed by the various components of feed water, and owing to its poor heat conductivity it causes not only drop of thermal efficiency of boiler but also tube bursting due to local overheat. Therefore, carry-over of scale forming components into the boiler should be kept minimum. Mi components of scale of marine boilers are generally hardness component and iron oxide, Most of the scale forming components are carried by leakage of cooling water in the condenser to the boil , but they can be changed into harmless soft sludge by suitable internal treatment and can be settled and blow down out of the system. However, if the feed water of is introduced in the boiler and i excessively high hardnes intended to be internally treated, it will cause scale formation on the heating surface and will result in increased amount of chemicals required for water treatment and of dissolved solid in the boiler water. Therefore, it is a general practice to reduce feed water hardness below a certain limit and to remove the remaining hardness by the internal treatment. From this point of view, feed water hardness for 60 kg/cm? boilers shall be limited not more than 0.0 ppm. When make-up water is supplied by the sea water evaporator and it is assumed that impurities in the evaporated water are the same as those in sea water (of all chloride, C/=55%, Ca=1.2%, Mg=3.7%), hardness be 0.34 ppm, and even when allowable content of C/ in evaporated water is limited at S ppm, introduced per 1 ppm of CI will evaporated water hardness will be 1.7 ppm. In view of make-up ratio, this limiting value of feed water hardness is not difficult to be maintained. When the condensate water tank is painted with water cement (this is impermissible) or condenser leakage happens, care should be paid that much n which comes into feed quantity of calcium and magnesium comes into the water. Magnesium i water by sea-water leakage combines with hydroxide ion OH in boiler water, and decreases boiler water pH value. Therefore, when sea water leakage is detected, promptly action should be taken to blow down boiler water and to inject phosphates salt to maintain proper pH value, ing the existence of PO,* in boiler water. When pH and phosphate ion root of boiler MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 69ae water are within specified value, boiler water hardness must be zero. By this reason and in view of accompanying error in hardness measurement, the limitation of boiler water hardness was not established Dissolved oxygi Dissolved oxygen is the greatest cause of corrosion in feed water system, boiler system, condenser system, and other related systems inclu and most of these corrosions can be attributed to this dissolved oxygen. Fe+2H,0 > — Fe(OH), +H, Hydrogen generated in the above reacti adsorbed to iron surface and thereby prevents the reaction from proceeding on, But, when oxygen exists, it oxidizes or consumes hydrogen, and reaction proceeds to the right melting iron, Furthermore, ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH), is oxidized by oxygen into ferric hydroxide, and settles to form rust, thus corrosion or iron goes on 4Fe(OH ), + O, +2H,O ae 4Fe(OH), Pitting which occurs below the water level in drum is caused by tl is dissolved oxygen. Corrosion caused by dissolved oxygen is apt to occur in the form of pitting and to proceed locally deep in the material and so even if it occurs a limited area, its effect is great. The tube failure due to pitting that developed to a penetrating hole in a short dissolved oxygen is most responsible to the corrosion and it must he controlled most severely. As the method of elemi: ne has been often experienced, Thus, 1g dissolved oxygen, there are a method that utilizes deaerator and a chemical method that utilizes hydrazine. oil Oil in the water is the lubricant oil or fuel oil that comes from auxiliary machines, especially from those of reciprocatin type and from the leaky fuel oil heaters or lubricant oil coolers, They adhere to heating surfaces and carbonize and cause overheating troubles. Since the boiler water is alkaline, oil can easily be saponified and causes bubbling and carry-over, which is apt to lead to degradation of steam and troubles in the turbine, Therefore, care should be taken to check atmospheric drain for early detection of oil mixture in it and to take a prompt action to prevent it if any. Some companies set the limit on oil content of boiler water, but we did not and only nl on the boiler water surface is presumably more than hundreds times the actual mean value of oil suggested to keep it as near as zero both in feed water and boiler water, because the amount of. in the water and so it is almost meaningless to set limitation on it in the boiler water. Hydrazine in feed water To limit the amount of hydrazine in feed water means to prevent corrosion in the water and steam system. Hydrazine functions to consume dissolved oxygen in water, to deoxidize metal oxides and to raise pH value of water, Formula (1) shows reaction of hydrazine and dissolved oxygen MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 70and formula (2) shows decomposition reaction of hydrazine. NoH, +0, > 2H,O+N; aw 3N.H, > ANH, +N Q This hydrazine reduces not only the remaining dissolved oxygen that could not be removed by the deaerator but also metal oxide which was brought into the boiler and may become scale in it Further, hydrazine has a great effect to prevent the pick up of the preboiler materials, so that it is advisable to inject it into the system before deaerator. For example, it shall be injected to the atmospheric drain tank or condenser outlet, and sometimes, it may be injected to deaerator outlet for supplementary use, Reaction in which hydrazine reduces dissolved oxygen in feed water cannot complete in feed water system unless the feed water temperature is very high (130°C and higher), but it generally completes in the boiler. Hydrazine reduces oxygen in the boiler and surplus hydrazine decomposes due to high temperature into ammonia and nitrogen. This ammonia dissolves in steam and circulates in extraction and condenser systems. So it is meaningless to control the remaining hydrazine in boiler water. Therefore, its concentra ion should be controlled at the end of feed water system (say economizer inlet). The lower limit of hydrazine shall be the lowest concentration of hydrazine that shall exist at the end of the feed water system remaining after the various hydrazine consumption such as by reducing a part of or whole dissolved oxygen in feed water, and metal oxides from material in the feed water system and by the self-decomposition, The upper limit of hydrazine shall be that can maintain condensate pH value thereby feed water pH value within a certain limit by ammonia which is formed from its decomposition Phosphate Injection of phosphate ion in before men ned "Low pH treatment" intends to prevent corro: n in the boiler by functioning in such a way as to form phosphates with hardness components in boiler water preventing them from adhering to the inside of the boiler, and to form protective film fon the steel surfaces and also to maintain proper pH value in the water. The higher the concentration ion is, the better the above effect becomes, but, since the phosphate ion has a strong crease of total solids buffer action against pH value, excessively high concentration of it causes i and induces carry-over. In low pH treatment, concentration of phosphate ion in boiler water is directly proportionate to its pH value, and phosphate ion of 10~20 ppm correspond to pH value of 9.6-103 (considering measuring error). These values can be said necessary and sufficient concentration for above purposes In the boilers operating at 60 kg/cm’, silica deposition in the form of hard scale on the inner surface of evaporating tubes like in low pressure boilers can hardly be seen. The limitation of ca intends to prevent it from being dissolved in steam and being carried into the turbine to When cause troubles. Solubility of silica in steam becomes higher as pressure increases MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. Wae s as hard scale upon turbine blades concentration of silica in steam exceeds 0.02 ppm, it depo: and nozzles and thereby lowers turbine output. From these reasons, silica must be restricted strictly in the specified limit. In order to restrict silica in steam not more than 0.02 ppm, silica in boiler water must be kept not more than 3 ppm for 60 kg/cm” boilers. This presents no problems as far as evaporated water from ordinary sea water is used as make-up water, but care must be taken when make-up water was supplied from land source or when the ship is running along the coast of desert area Chloride ion When chloride ion exists excessively in the water, it destroys the film on the metal surface and promotes corrosion of it, Therefore, should be kept as little as possible. In the boiler water, there exist nothing to reach with chloride ion. So, concentration of chloride ion in boiler water can be regarded as an index to show the concentration of boiler water. Therefore, if the relation between dissolved solid and chloride ion is ascertained beforehand, the amount of dissolved solid can be estimated from the concentration of chloride ion, The measured amount of chloride ion that is easy to measure can also be a guide for boiler water blowing-down. Amount of chloride ion as well as electric conductivity is an important factor for investigation of condenser leakage It should be kept not more than 20 ppm as boiler water concentration for 60 kg/cm? boilers. This value, however, is the maximum allowable limit of chloride ion for the boiler in ideal operating conditions. In the ordinary operation, it should be kept as low as possible. Since limiting chloride ion in boiler water is quite sufficient for boiler operation, there is no need to limit it in feed water. issolved solid (electric conductivity Dissolved solid in boiler water shall be limited mainly in view of restriction of carry-over. Generally speaking, as dissolved solid increases, carry-over occurs more often and at the same time, electric conductivity becomes high, promoting metal corrosion. The tendency of carry-over varies due to the type of boilers performance of steam separators, evaporating rate, and the constituents of dissolved solid itself even when its amount is the same. Though the distribution of dissolved solid to steam and boiler water is not yet clear quantitatively, it can be said from the past experiences that there occurs no such carry-over as to cause superheater or turbine troubles when dissolved solid in boiler water is limited not more than 200 ppm in 60 kg/cm? boilers. Since it requires many hours to measure dissolved solid, electric conductivity is generally measured to assume the concentration of dissolved solid. That is, concentration of dissolved solid in water is approximately proportionate to elec conductivity as long as concentration of dissolved solid is not excessively high, But, rate of increase of electric conductivity varies due to kind, concentration of ion and water temperature, And such compounds (oxides) as those from preboiler system, like iron, copper or other heavy metals which are difficult to be ionized have no effects upon electric conductivity. Thus, it is impracticable to establish a completely theoretical MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. Rae conversion factor regarding concentration of dissolved solid and electric conductivity, But if s conversion factor is determined about the sample water same as the boiler water by measuring its electric conductivity and concentration of dissolved solid, concentration of dissolved solid of the boiler water can be found by measuring electric conductivity. Appendix 1 Conversion factor of various concentration mg/l ppm grain/gallon | grain/gallon (mg/kg) (gpg, USA) _| (gpg, English) 1 d 0.0585d 0.07d_ Vd 1 0.0585 0.07 WAU: 17 1 12 14.3/d 14.3 0.84 1 d: Density of feed water and boiler water at 15°C, 760 mmHg. Appendix 2__Conversion factor of concentration of dissolved oxygen cell mg/l ppm (mg/kg) 1 1.43 143d o7 1 d d: Same as Appendix 1 Appendix 3 Conversion factor of hardness of water ppm (mg/kg) mg/l Clark French German as CaCO as CaCO hardness hardness hardness 10 Lovd 0.07/d 0.10/d 0.056/d Lod 10 0.07 0.10 0.056 143d 143 1.00 143 0.80 10.0d 10.0 07 1.00 0.56 17.94 17.9 1.24 178 1.00 d: Same as Appendix 1 DECISION OF DOSAGE In low pH coordinated phosphate treatment, chemicals shall be dosed in mole ratio of Na‘ PO, = 2.8. Fig, C-I shows the theoretical relation between pH value and PO; of boiler water. Initial dosage When the saturated water content up to the normal water level of the boiler is 15 ton, chemical dosage required to keep PO, concentration at 15 ppm will be MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 2B6 = i515 =720¢ 441" 95 x1Sx15= 1696 g 2 aad e where G, —: Dosage of Na,PO, -12H,O G, —: Dosage of Na, HPO, -12H,0 Molecular weight of Na,PO,-12H,O 380 Molecular weight of NasHPO,-\2H,O 358 Molecular weight of PO, 95 The weight of initial dosage varies due to the water quality of the initial filling water, so, after the boiler warming-up, water quality shall be checked again by analysis, and shall be adjusted with additional dosing when necessary. pplementary dosage Supplementary dosage can be calculated in the similar way to that of initial dosage (Example) When the water content is 15 ton, the dosage required to raise PO, concentration from 10 ppm to 15 ppm will be 4 380 “441 95 x (I5=10) x 15= 240g 1 358 ns 5 S58. (15~ 10) x18 FAT 95 “(5-19 x15 565g By the above, pH value will rise from 9.6 to 10.3. Table 2 shows the relations between the increase or phosphate ion and chemical dosage required. Table 2 Relation between the increase of phosphate and chemical dosage required ‘The increase of | NasPO,-12H,0 |NasHPO,+12H,0) phosphate ion 5 ppm 256g 60g 10 ppm 5i2g 120g 15 ppm 768 180g 20 ppm. 1,024 g 240g Note 1. NaPO2.8 (mol ratio) 2 2. Water content during operation is 15.3 ton. ——— MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD,ae MEASURES TO BE TAKEN WHEN THE RELATION BETWEE pH VALUE OF BOILER WATER AND PHOSPHATE ION CONCENTRATION BECOMES DEVIATING OFF FROM THE. THEORETICAL CURVE In the case of low pH treatment, there is a functional relation among phosphate ion concentration, pH value and mole ratio of Na’PO, as described before. This relation is shown in Fig, C-l and hence, if any two of these three are given the remaining one will be decided by itself, Thus, when chemicals of NaPO, (mole ratio) = 2.8 are injected and phosphate ion concentration is maintained at 10-20 ppm, pH value will generally be in the range of 9.6-10.3. However, when the sea water should leak into the condenser and be carried into the boiler, pH value of the boiler water will fall This is mainly because hydroxide ion in the boiler water is consumed by Mg’* in the sea water through the following reaction Mg** +20H > Mg(OH)s Besides the above, Ca’* in the sea water reacts on phosphate ion and consumes phosphate ion. 3Ca*+2P0, > Ca, PO,), Furthermore, in the new boiler, bare steel on the boiler tube wall reacts with phosphate ion and forms a protective film, thus consuming phosphate ion, too. In such cases as above, the relation between pH value and phosphate ion becomes deviating off from the theoretical curve. Therefore it is necessary in this case to take away the causes of deviation and to restore their relation to the theoretical curve as close as possible by blowing off the boiler water and injecting necessary chemicals in the following manner. 1. Measures to be taken when the concentration of phosphate ion is 20 ppm and above and is in the vicinity of the theoretical curve (hatched part) Boiler water shall be blown-off based on the value of phosphate ion according to the blowing-off procedures in the separate instruction manuals, and the concentration of phosphate ion shall be maintained in the range of 10-20 ppm. Then the pH value of boiler water will be maintained in proper value by itself. 2. Measures to be taken when the concentration of phosphate ion is 10 ppm and under and is in the nity of the theoreti Phosphate solution of Na‘PO, (mole ratio) = 2.8 shall be injected and the concentration of vi I curve (hatched part) phosphate ion shall be maintained in the range of 10-20 ppm. Then, the pH value of boiler water will be maintained in proper value by itself. Measures to be taken when it is in the area of I and II Since the mole ratio of Na’PO, is away from 2.8, it shall be replaced with solution of mole ratio 2.8, The boiler water shall be blown off and the solution of mole ratio 2.8 shall be added in order to reduce the concentration of phosphate ion to the proper value. MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 15ae 4. Measures to be taken when itis in the area of IIL and IV Boiler water shall be blown off and chemicals Na/PO, (mole ratio) = 2.8 shall be added simultaneously until the proper value of concentration can be attained, Measures to be taken when itis in the area of V and VI Boiler water shall be blown off and chemicals of Na/PO, (mole ratio) = 2.8 shall be added simultaneously until the proper value of concentration can be attained, In the case of adjustment of this mole ratio, if a simple substance of either secondary sodium phosphate or tertiary sodium phosphate is used, it can be adjusted to the proper value in a comparatively short time, But, since the operation for it is complex and its misdosing may result in troublesome readjustment, it is not recommendable, It is also not preferable from the view point of increased number of chemicals to be prepared, Just for reference, however, procedures for mole ratio adjustment using the simple substance of sodium phosphate are shown below. (1) Measures to be taken when phosphate ion is not less than 20 ppm and is above the theoretical curve (in the area of 1) Boiler water shall be blown off and secondary sodium phosphate shall be injected simultaneously. When it reaches the proper area (hatched part) of Fig, C-1, blowing shall be stopped, and after that, necessary injection of chemicals shall be done with that of Na/PO, = 28. (2) Measures to be taken when concentration of phosphate ion is not less than 20 ppm and is under the theoretical curve (in the area of Il) Boiler water shall be blown off and tertiary sodium phosphate shall be injected simultaneously. When it reaches the proper area, blowing shall be stopped, and after that, necessary injection of chemicals shall be done with that of Na PO, =2.8 (3) Measures to be taken when concentration of phosphate ion is in the range of 10 ~ 20 ppm and is above the theoretical curve (in the area of IIL ) Secondary sodium phosphate shall be injected till it comes to the vicinity of the theoretical curve. After that, chemicals of Na/PO, = 2.8 shall be used. (4) Measures to be taken when concentration of phosphate ion is in the range of 10 ~ 20 ppm and is under the theoretical curve (in the area of IV ) Tertiary sodium phosphate shall be injected to raise pH value up to the theoretical curve. (5) Measures to be taken when concentration of phosphate ion is not more than 10 ppm and is above the theoretical curve (in the area of V) Secondary sodium phosphate shall be injected (©) Measures to be taken when concentration of phosphate ion is not more than 10 ppm and is under the theoretical curve (in the area of VI) Tertiary sodium phosphate shall be injected MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 16(9.8217) IA “Elk aati08 “Eve awe ean SNA BML NOUR WOUBUBHL 1 9 By MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 7WATE R TREA’ Hydrazine shall be continuously added to feed water for oxygen absorption and pH adjustment. BOILER WATER CONCE RATION AND BLOWI When the concentration of some chemical components of boiler water was found exceeding the specified values, appropriate countermeasures shall promptly be taken. If the improper component is impurities, carry-over by feed water must be reduced, and if it is additives, its injection amount and boiler water blowing amount must be corrected. In this case, necessary blowing amount and continuous blowing time are as follows. This relation is shown in the diagram in Fig. C-2. 23 jpg, (BO. — 2) los BRB ak} mpurities, additives, etc.) ' Ww In case of a=0 1-22, (2 e BEB) where t (hour): Continuous blow time at B(t/h) C (ion) Boiler holding water q' ty (hot state standard water level) B(t/h}: Boller water continuous biow q' ty (ppm): Constituent of interest in feed water F(t/hy: — Feedwater flow rate B, (ppm): Concentration of constituent of int erest in boiler water when ¢ = 0 B(ppm): Concentration of constituent of interest in boiler water afier t time Blowing of boiler water is usually done by the surface blow-off valve on the steam drum. Blowing of boiler water by the bottom blow-off valve of the water drum may be done about once for every two weeks when the boiler is running under the load of not more than 50% of normal rating. The drain valve of the water wall header must not be opened whenever the burner is firing, because, if otherwise, boiler water circulation is disturbed and tubes may be burnt. The drain valve of the water wall header shall be used only to drain boiler water perfectly. Explanation of use of Fig. C-2. Example 1 (Eq. (2) applicable) Question: When the silica content of boiler water is 20 ppm (/,) in a boiler the holding water quantity of 15 tons (C), what is the time required () for the silica content of boiler water to go down to 3 ppm (f) if the continuous blow is performed at 1.0 i (BY? In thi the silica content of feedwater is 0 ppm (a), instance, since the start of blow at 1.0 Wh the feedwater flow rate is 50 #/ (F) and Solution; Draw on the diagram of Fig. C-2 an extension line connecting 3 ppm (A point) on the 2 MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. Bae axis and 20 ppm (A’ point) on the fi, axis and then draw a perpendicular line from the point (A” point) where the extension line intersects the /3,/ # axis, From the crossing point (A”” point) where the perpendicular line intersects the C/B = 15 1/ 1.0 th =15 h oblique line, draw a horizontal line and find the time of 28.7 h. at the point where the horizontal line intersects the t axis Example 2 (Eq, (2) applicable) Question: In the question of example 1, what is the Solution: ica (8) content in ppm of boiler water after performing the continuous blow of 10 #/ (B) for eight hours? From the crossing point (D’ point) where a horizontal line from 8 h, (D point) on the t axis and the C/B = 15 h oblique line meet, draw a perpendicular line downward until it intersects the fy Aaxis at the crossing point (D” point) and find 11.7 ppm at the point where an extension line connecting the D” point and 20 ppm point on the fy axis intersects the Baxis. Example 3 (Eq. (1) applicable) Question: In the question of example 1, what is t when the silica content of feedwater is 0.01 ppm Solution: (a? Bp-al’=1.0(Uh) X 3(g)-0.01 (gi) X S0(Hh)=2.5 (gh) BB al =1.0(wh) X 20(g)-0.01 (gt) X 30 (wh) =19.5 (gh) From the crossing point (E” point) where an extension line connecting 2.5 gt (E point) on the (Bf-al’) axis and 19.5 gt (E° point) on the (Bfir-at*) axis intersects the (BBralW(Bf-al) axis, draw a perpendicular line and find the time of 30.8 hours at the crossing point (E” point where the perpendicular line intersects the t axis. MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 79oot oor TT (wdd) (ge-094) / (42-94) ida o (add) 4/09 [tt tT | 1-49 Tot = a ‘ol i Zl Le [+ (wed) 09d, (wld) °4 00001 0008 0001 00s | _OOT “08 oe We = “9% “8% (wuld) 70-Seh + “08 (weld) “Ce oor or aaano uolzB]a4 #0 UOT BATUIUOD TO1WA JOT TOY Z-J “BI 80 Blow time duration (h) MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.ae CAUTION IN WATER QUALITY MEASUREMENT Sampling Water sampling shall be done after the sampling pipe shall be thoroughly flushed. High temperature water such as boiler water or feed water shall be sampled through the sample cooler that cools it down to the suitable temperature. Cautions in pH value and electric conductivity measurement pH value of feed water has little buffering nature since it is maintained by the hydrazine and its decomposed product ammonia. When the sample water is left in the open air, it absorbs carbonic acid gas, and it shows lower pH value and higher electric conductivity lower than its real value. Therefore, it is advisable, in such a case, to use a negotiable cell. It is also advisable to ascertain beforehand the relation between pH value and temperature as shown in Fig. C-3 (For feed water) because temperature has great influence upon pH value and electric conductivity. If feed water sample water of 40°C shows pH 8.0, it will show pH 8.5 when it is cooled to 25°C. Therefore, care should be taken not to overfeed hydrazine by undervaluing pH value of water without due consideration to its temperature. (The temperature compensating electrode attached to the pH meter does not function to compensate the change of pH value due to the temperature of the sample water itself) When elect conductivity is measured by the meter without temperature compensating dial, it is necessary to ascertain beforehand, as in the case of pH value, the rel between electric conductivity and water temperature Maintenance of analyzing devices. gauges meters and chemicals ‘The pH meter and the electric conductivity meter shall always be kept in good order so that their readings are always correct. Especially, the pH meter does not functi n correctly when the glass electrode becomes dirty, dry, or deteriorated or is covered with bubbles, or when its reference electrode internal solution is wanting or deteriorated. So, its maintenance shall be carefully done according to the instruction manual. Other meters and gauges shall also be carefully dealt according to the respective instructions. Glass tools shall always be kept clean and chemicals shall also be dosed according to their dosing instructions, MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 81(Q,) eanyesoduay, or oadno uolye[od Yd pue osnaeaoduoy JoywK pood gD “IY pil MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 82ae CARE OF BOILERS OUT OF SERVIC! Boilers that are kept out of service, must be carefully handled and closely watched, in order to prevent any corrosion of the pressure parts, A boiler that is to be kept out of service more than 24 hours, should either be completely filled up with feed water (wet lay-up) or dumped and dried out (dry lay-up). A boiler that is to be kept out of service should have the firesides cleaned thoroughly Soot on the boiler surfaces will absorb moisture from the air and cause external corrosion. WET LAY-UP METHOD The wet lay-up requires less preparation, the boiler can be retumed to service quickly, and protection of the waterside is adequate, This method can be safely used for a lay-up of any length of time, if the fire room temperature is not below freezing When the boiler is being cooled down afier shutting off firing, boiler compound (NaPO,=2.8 mole ratio) of trisodium phosphate (NasPO,) and disodium phosphate (NaHPO,), and hydrazine shall be added to the boiler water by the chemical injection system in such a manner as to make the boiler water of phosphoric acid (PO/*) of about 50 ppm and hydrazine (N2H,) of 100~200 ppm (pH is about 10.5~10.6). The boiler water should be kept in igh alkalinity to protect the boiler from corrosion. Since the boiler water density during the wet laid-up period is very high compared with that of ordinary operating condition, the boiler should be carefully blown down when starting operation to bring the its). For this, some amount of make-up water is necessary and the distilled water should be boiler water concentration down to the normal value (with the boiler water treating i prepared beforehand accordingly. After the boiler was shut down and the pressure has fallen down to about 2.0 kg/cm’g, the superheater and desuperheater headers shall be drained thoroughly through respective drain valves, When the pressure is almost lost, nitrogen gas should be blown into the saturate steam pipe and superheater tube by making good ventilation around the boiler. When the nitrogen gas is filled in air space of boiler by measuring oxygen or nitrogen at superheater header drain nozzle, the air vent valve on the steam drum and the starting steam valve, and close the drain valves on the superheater headers. Feed hot water through feed water heater and deaerator to the boiler, and when it begins overflowing from air vent valve on the steam drum, close the valve. Continue feeding water to the boiler, and when it begins overflowing from the starting steam valve and desuperheater drain valve, close these valves. When the boiler has been pressurized to 3.5~5.0 kg/em’g and cooled down to the ambient temperature, open the air vent valve on the steam drum and starting steam valve and discharge air in the boiler. Then, the boiler shall be laid up with water pressure of 2.0~3.5 kg/om’g, MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 83ae 7. It is important to maintain the boiler water alkalinity uniform throughout the boiler. It shall be periodically checked during lay up period, and when necessary, alkalinity or hydrazine shall be added as required. 8, In cold weather, the boiler ambient temperature should be maintained not less than S°C by any means in order not to cause freezing in the boiler. 9. When the boiler is to be used again after wet lay-up, the boiler shall be properly drained to lower the water level, and distilled water shall be fed into the steam drum through the manifold at the outlet of superheater to water wash the inside of the superheater by the water flowing back into the steam drum. After this, the boiler water shall be conditioned within treating limits 10. When the boiler is kept out of service for a short time, the boiler shall be filled to the steam drum, And superheater shall be drain thoroughly DRY LAY. JP METHOD When laying up a boiler for extended periods either of two dry lay-up methods is recommended for the protection of the watersides against corrosion. One method is by the use of an absorption agent within the boiler. The other is by the use of an inert gas replacing air within the boiler. Method 1 (1) While the boiler still remains warm, drain out boiler water and open up the boiler for ventilation until completely dried internally. (2) Remove the end plate of the water wall lower header, to check and make sure that no residual water remains collected inside the heater. (3) If necessary, bum coke or charcoal in a container within the furnace to promote the internal surface drying (4) When completely dried, put quick lime or calcium chrolide in a shallow dish for placement in the drum and heater and then close the end plate and manhole cover. Use 2 ~5 kg of moisture absorbent for 1,000 kg of boiler water when quick lime is employed and 1.8 kg of s (5) Be sure to close securely all the air inlet openings ica gel for 1,000 kg of boiler water, as a matter of standard practice. io the furnace and provide the cover on the stack (6) Check the moisture absorbent every 1~2 weeks at the beginning and every 1~3 months thereafter at the circumstances call for and renew deteriorated absorbent. Method 2 Dry lay-up by the use of nitrogen gas to replace the atmospheric air in the boiler and hence retard corrosion. This method is based on replacing the oxygen in the atmosphere with an inert gas, The boiler should be drained, dried out and prepared as outlined for the silica gel method, As nitrogen is lighter than air (Sp. gr. 0.967), it is necessary to charge the boiler from the top and vent the air from the lowest point. The nitrogen cylinders should be piped up to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 84ae the highest vent connection and air allowed to escape through the lowest drain connections on headers, As an estimating basis, determine the intemal volume of the boiler by dividing weight of boiler water (difference between weight of boiler dry and weight of boiler full of water) as found in Section A, Design Data, which is density of water. The density of nitrogen is 1.25 kg/m’ at standard conditions. Thus, 1.25 mes internal volume will give approximate weight of nitrogen required to charge the gas testing instrument, It is desirable to spray the manhole and handhole plates externally with one of the air drying plastic sealing compounds to avoid leaking of nitrogen OTHER CARE FOR PROTECTI Protection of the fireside of the boiler should not be neglected just as the care of the waterside. The fireside should be cleared of soot and dust when the boiler is to be kept out of service. Soot and dust on fireside surface of the boiler, absorbing moisture from the ait will cause external corrosion, Never fail to close all air inlets to the furnace and the air register. Cover the top of the stack to prevent air and moisture from entering the furnace. But the air register should be opened regularly 10 check and see if the register vane functions properly. The fireside and the casing should be kept as dry as possible —————————— MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. ———————_ 85HYDROSTATIC TESTS Hydrostatic test pressure should not be higher than necessary to prove the intended test, The ‘maximum allowable hydrostatic test pressure is described in the design data of this instruction, This is intended to prove the strength of the pressure parts and should be applied only for inspections by the Regulations 1. To check the boiler and fittings for leaks, a test pressure of about 85 % of the superheater safety valve popping pressure is sufficient. Caution should be used to avoid accidentally raising the pressure enough to open a safety valve 2. Hydrostatic tests up to normal feed line pressure can be apy << Mid, AREF FODeBRK. ) ‘ON ONO. ‘DIAGRAM OF BOER NS1—A99—Coo1 REFERENCE DRAWING J (esa) [63-6 RPO g | water Lever cauce | | N51-99K-Ho0t ra ¢ [STEAM FLOW NS1-P99-NOO1—A. ft e [RAG LOLS & NS1-P99-LO03—A fy Ezau = wa] [3 6 [SEO care pie |_| NSI=P77—HOO1~A i ete — [OESuPERNEATER eae = 3 [SEAR reso fal ma 3 cee a ue ‘oe 7 [SESSMENT OE, _|_[nsicar-aooi-a FL[2 Ea z orc be ora | PEE Sr60.| WO _ # | oesonenow pant wo. jaws peri eM] eREAEE | ROS. [aig =r jaI-|2 AI= 11 AT=|2 ae mR] | MARINE BOLER DESIGNING SEc| ere fro & WARNE MACH, DESIG DEP ZAR SESTAO H.323 Ra APPROVED. MAIN BOILER MB-4E 5 io |e OH an creoxen ARRANGEMENT OF wee [oem D.TAKEUCHI a SAE os BOILER MOUNTINGS 1/2 = oroer iy DRAWING NO. meme aE| [a F1518 N51—A77—B001 0 a& MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. NAGASAKI SHIPYARD & MACHINERY WORKS DRAWN 2001-9-18 ISSUED1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 ap REVISIONS zone [*] PLAN RECORD ISO METRIC SCREW THREADS NO] DESCRIPTION COATED PRoVED|ED PREVIOUS DRAWING NO. ‘coo BOILER FRONT SET 77.5kg7em2g E a 1388 1378 Zor: Eric SET 78kg/cm2g 620 1408 1308 TO BOILER CENTER 400 738,748 768 778 1428,1438 728 1228 648, DESUPERHEATER 1218 OUTLET SMOTHERING PIPE eS ANSI a 698 NOTES 1. QUANTITY FOR 2 BOILERS SHOWN. HALF TO BE SYMMETRICAL. WM, 2K SAERT. ¥WHHOCL, 2. DIMENSION OF WORKING EXPANSION SHOWN WITH MARKE —>. <> fs, BERT. 3. NO.283B TO BE SUPPLIED SEPARATELY FROM BOILER PROPER AND FITTED ON BOARD BY SHIPYARD. HS2B3B1, SHBMM THINS. 4715.6 OBSERVATION HOLE 3 g a DIAGRAM OF BOLER REFERENCE MOUNTINGS. 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TESTPRESS, MARINE BOILER DESIGNING SEC 9 a uRao & WARINE WACHIN, DESIG DEPT IZAR SESTAO H.323 eae | APPROVED MAIN BOILER MB-4E we MPa fa AT SITE ——“Macoa__| rat crcoxen ARRANGEMENT OF wea lorsw 0. TAKEUCHI cane Neca 28 BOILER MOUNTINGS 2/2 ROE Tew Fre ANGLE | DRAWING NO. REV, PROECTON FEWER] yerace | Rox [UNDER [UNDER] UNDER [UNDER] NOT UA | COMMON VAR] RATINGS OF JovER | ov JovER JowR JovR ow [OER Jou F1518 (ZR) N51—A77—B002 0 R]ig] | sovoness cane | anon oF wouwar [0.570] 6 10 {30 10 |12070| 40079 1o00To| 200079 0070 BE ery cum | oe | 63 | 2 | 100 | sarc | toric | owensow [6° |30_|t20_|400 xo fm fr [on & MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. B]B|\weor ) [oman [ove] ows | vv | v | Ao | “mY | tourmce [201|202[203[+05|s08| 212] 216 [220 NAGASAKI SHIPYARD & MACHINERY WORKS ' ' DRAWN 2001-9-18 ISSUEDF1518 N51—A99—CO01 vent 000 8.0. cas an MAL + cvewea 7! 7a shieenon wea Pauewent soa} uo ogarer sein 0 - O |Eco. SAH. ia say |ECO. ° ° vega oo hos] ao}rorwe Fo,FAN FOFAN Bale Bale ae “\ZA DIESEL OL HEAVY FUEL OL Maen) (ebm) Lag ay ia AUX. STEAM i ee? AUX, STEAM vane OEAERATOR mmaccnon fouPuent cor 8 L nn EcR PANEL possas coma, a 3B. 1535] nee SB RELAY asc /ams. SSC 1598 a Pane CZ ee 8 = - FM. PUMP MBS sal STARTER PANEL NOTE _ Fo Fan] fro pow) EAR HATCHING PaRTC #410 86 | MAIN BOILER Ta Ta co ‘SUPPLIED _BY SHIPYARD GENERAL DIAGRAMFIOTS Nol—Ag9—COOT CHEMICAL, FEED, GAS ouner, WELDED BY SHIBYARO =I INLET HEADER th, wer SHIPYARD ECONOMIZER 1048 3. W MOTOR VA [STARTER PANe!| 30 W MOTOR VA STARTER PANEl| 0} \z00 SUPPLIED BY SHIPYARD. L ae oy 2 ‘OUTLET HEADER ¥ a ap —_ & 298 28 18. os 8 = 100, ‘80 SOILER DED BY a ae a Leyte a Ea 2 ge STEAM DRUM a is INTERNAL FEED WATER PIPE as cs £ = NOTE x HATCHING PART OH 170 BE ‘SUPPLIED _BY SHIPYARD DIAGRAM OF FEED WATER PIPINGN51-A99-COO1 F1518 BOLER FRONT NTEREDIATEO. HEADER WATER DRUM DIAGRAM OF BOILER _MOUNTINGSN51-A99-C001 F1518 DIAGRAM OF BURNER PIPINGNot-AIIY—CVOT FOR_AUT. START pencenneaned eceeos x To OTHER, BOLER ote SOOT BLOWER CORT Teo ONE so 50 TBE re $88=38 Toner 58. wae poe tb bit Miran ea Levamareeuransetna efD) ie MOUNTING _OF SOOT BLOWERS Jo, FUNNEL, fos J Buse \ 0 yy evemores RS To nex tne N ony EN Bore pose 2088 NOTE owt ar beeenagcrord HATCHING PART #5 TO BE ‘SUPPLIED BY SHIPYARD eet ooo gp SHE, en mo Lcenenenarcnmves ofS) rponeceel ofS) ‘soot eLoweR CONTROL PANEL 258 DIAGRAM OF SOOT BLOWER STEAM PIPING |FIO Nol—AYI—COOT ‘SUPPLIED BY SHIPYARD, GAS OUTLET t ECONOMIZER WELDED BY SHIPYARD ‘SUPPLIED BY SHIPYARD Ltd SHIP AFTER SIDE ‘COMMON DAMPER WELDED BY SHIPYARD. vB | ii STEAM AIR HEATER SHIPYARD 2488 £0. FAN DRIVE. UNIT ‘SHIP FRONT SIDE : ts 100 cas ier TO LPFWHEATER wesuneh eae weioeD 2) SHEYARD NOTE t = HATCHING PART ose) 10 BE 4 3 7 ‘SUPPLIED BY_SHIPYARD cee 2 oot 2378 = DIAGRAM OF 2 AIR AND GAS DUCTFIOlo Nol-AIS—CUOT 4128 _F.0. SUPPLY COMPOUND UNIT 8) | we sr) | nots | eSeouéiee ouner] = AIR SEPARATOR FOHEATER 1938 mg | TO F.0, CONT, VALVE INLET vow'g, WASTE HATCHING PART<— ) TO BE] DIAGRAM. OF Oh TANS SUPPLIED “BY SHIPYARD F.0 PUMP AND HEATER To AR. 10 F.0 SEPARATOR CONT.VALVEBOLER WATER CHEMICAL INJECTION EQUIPMENT. FROM. CONDENSED WATER “PUMP 15015, FIOIS Not—AY9—COOT “SUPPLIED By Mit FROM LZP HEATER NO.1 BOILER NO.2 BOILER ry) ry WATER DRUM ‘STEAM DRUM WATER_DRUM ‘STEAM DRUM NH muecTiON EQUIPMENT {s0b=40 FROw. WATER ‘CONDENSED PUNE To CLEAN Frow. ‘CONDENSED WATER PUMP OEAERATOR To BOLER MAIN. LINE, RAN TANK 5 WATER ANALYSIS UNIT. 2928 NOTE ee HATCHING PART oss _) TO BE DRAIN TK SUPPLIED_BY SHIPYARD ‘aa, RECOMMENDATION FOR SHIPYARD DIAGRAM OF CHEMICAL AND SAMPLING PIPEFIOIS Nol—AYI9—COOT CooUNG WATER To F.wPuMP COOLING WATER DEAERATOR LP, FEED.W. HEATER GRAND CONDENSER 3018, moved pocoa ‘cONDS PUMP UL, BS 6 } NOTE ‘SUPPLIED_BY_ SHIPYARD HATCHING PART O44 _) TO gow GREASE EXTRACTOR BE |DIAGRAM OF DUMPING DESUPERHEATERFIOIG Nol-—ASI—COOT FROM F.D FAN ¥ “comausioni"“f "AR i FLAME 48, ee 6 1 25, 76 ne § } opservation Bote ms NOTE ‘SEatne conn HATCHING PART (44) TO BE FRSA ee ‘SUPPLIED _BY SHIPYARD To omER © : OBSERVATION HOLE MH : MANHOLE RECOMMENDATION FOR SHIPYARD. DIAGRAM_ OF SEAL AIR