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That idea was tested in 1950 with Korea War against USA
Lets consider that USA battled also against Northern Vietnam
in the mid 1960s when the Southern Vietnam had difficulties
governing it and was attacked by Viet Minh guerrilla fighters
USA defeated and Vietnam reunited under communist
leadership
India: Gandhi requested Congress party for multiethnic and
multireligion India, but Muslim party not neither Hindu nationalists
1947 Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan were born, but Kashmire
remained source of tension
Consider Partition: process of decolonization drawing arbitrary
borders without considering ethnic group nor religion (problem
for Africa where there werent any state before; ex. Kurds that
are a people without a state) and also for India (huge
movement of people)
Number of nation-states increases from about 50 to 127 by
1970
- Consider that in the decades after the WW2 Asians, Africans and Latin
Americans were determined to use their newfound independence to improve
and industrialize BUT because of bad experience with capitalist world for the
most part they chose a socialist and communist pattern danger for USA
that had the objective to expand capitalism in order to export more and
stimulate its industries
Cold War: two new superpowers from the WW2 USA and USSR
- USA: leads in establishing international institutions like United Nations to
resolve international conflicts, World Bank and IMF to manage the global
economy.
USA decides to revive EU economy, also Japan economy to combat Soviet
influence containing its influence containment policy through wars,
covert operations, support for undemocratic but anti-communist
governments in Latin America and Middle East
- 1949 Russia get nuclear weapons and nuclear threat when moved missiles to
Cuba after Castro establishment in 1960s
- Cold War requires full-time militarization, about 50% of national resources to
military thats a war btw economies
- Difference btw economies:
Productionism: pattern used by USSR to develop economy that was a
state-planned one. The more produced, the better. But very little
investments in consumer goods. Enhanced scientific studies and new
technologies in fact in 1957 Sputnik launched into the space
Kennedy pledged in 1960 that soon man on moon(1969 first man on
the Moon)
Consumerism: model used by USA because it was decided that world
couldnt go again into an oversupply problem. Need to lower tariffs, to
increase global demand and changes in the domestic economy.
New sectors were created to provide consumer goods: 1940s car to
every American family, create new demand through planned
obsolescence (style change) and advertising, easier credit,
construction of suburbs, houses, highways, electricity arrives to
houses and also countryside and that stimulate products like
1960s third world farmers starts to use synthetic fertilizer and some
innovations, we call it Green Revolution but couldnt support the growing
population they need industrialization but only a strong state could
push toward it (ex. Japan, Germany, USSR, 4 Asian tigers Singapore,
Taiwan, Hong Kong and South Korea)