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c

ESPECTROFOTOMETRA
Carolina Saavedra Daz, Daniela Moraga Lpez, Jezir Valencia Gmez
`   
             
    
c
c
RESUMEN
c  
c c  c  c c  c c c  c c c  c
  c  c  c c c  c c  c    c c   c
 cc   cc c ccc c  c  c c c
c  c c c  c   c  c c c  c   c  c c  c c
cc c c c c c c c  c  c  cc  c
c  c c ccc   c  cc cc cccc 490 nm!c
 c c    c c  c  c 430 nm!c c c "c #$c 610 nm!c    c c
 c 550 nm!c c  c  c c  c    c c c  610 nm!c  c c
 c c c  c c c c %& c   c  c  c  c c c
'  c c  c c  c c c c  c c  c c  c c
c c c  c c
Palabras claves:  c c c%& c'  c  c c c
 c

INTRODUCCIN
 c  c c  c  c c  c  c  c  c   c   c
c   c 
 c c  
c ()& c c  c   c

 ccc  cc c c c c  cc c c c   c
*c  c  c  c c  c c c c c   c  c c
    c c  c  c   c c   c c  c c  c c  c
  c c c  c c c +!c c c  c   c  c c c

 c  c c  c  c   c ( c  c c c   c c  c
 cc ccc   ccc  ccc  c   ccc c
c  c   c  c c  c   c 
 c c c
   c c c  c c  c c   c c  c  c c
  c c c c    c +,-.$&/0$ !cc c c c c +,/0$&122 !cc
3c  c   c c c  c c  c   c   
 c c   c c  c c
  c  cc c  c c  c c   cc c c c
c   c '!c c c   c c  c c c   c   c c c   c
 cc c c   cc c cc4 c  cc c c c%&
5c ', c  c c c  c  c c c c c  !c c c c c
 c
 ccc  
 c  c c  cc  c c c  c
c  c c c   c  c c c c   
 c c c  c !c c
c c  c *  c  c  c   c c c  c  c  c c
  cc c  cc c c c cc c  c c c c c  c
c c   c c c  cc cc c c c  cc cc cc c
 c 6 4c7c8c0229!c
c
 c c c c  c c     c c  c c c   c  c  c
  c  c c c c c c  c c  c   c    c c
 c c  c c  c c c  c  c    c c  c c
  c c c  c c c %& !c c    c 4 c c   c c
  c c c c c c  c

MATERIALES Y MTODOS

*  c  c c c cc c cc c  cc c


c  c  c c
 
c  cc
 c:5c 
cc cc   5c
>c 3c4 c c   c c'  cc cccc4 c c;c c
    c
>c 'c ccc c c c  c cc  cc cc  c c
   c c"c#$c

RESULTADOS
Parte 1
'c cc c c  c c c c c c   c c c
  cc cc c  c c c <!cccc c  c
Tabla No 1c=  c c cc c   c
Absorbancia de:
longitud
de ondac
400
430
460
490
520
550
580
610
640
670
700
c

Azul de
bromotimol
a pH 7.5.

Azul de
bromotimol
en medio
cido.

Rojo
Congo.

Permanganato
de Potasio
(KMnO4)

22>1c
220-c
22-0c
2200c
22$2c
22#1c
2->#c
0.189
2->0c
22/0c
222#c

2-9/c
0.210
2-#$c
2-2/c
22/$c
2221c
222-c
222/c
222-c
2c
222-c

20-0c
20/.c
2/0/c
0.404
2/1>c
20//c
22./c
22>/c
22/>c
220>c
2//9c

22#-c
22>9c
22>/c
22.2c
2-$/c
0.156
22>#c
22-0c
222#c
222.c
222/c

Mezcla:
azul de
bromotimol
pH 7.5 mas
rojo congo.
2>-$c
2/.2c
2>90c
290>c
2992c
22/9c
2#2-c
0.884
29$0c
2-1-c
2-0.c

  


 




    !




"   


 #






Fig. No 1cc c c c c  c  cc c cc?c c  c


@c-c
Parte 2.
c cc  cc c c c c c c   c c c
  c  c c c  c
Tabla No. 2  c c c c c%cAc 
Absorbancia de:

Azul de
bromotimol a
pH 7.5.

Azul de
bromotimol en
medio cido.

Rojo Congo.

Permanganato
de Potasio
(KMnO4)

22#0c
2--.c
20$0c
2>--c
2$29c
211/c
21--c
2c
c
2./>c

22#-c
2--0c
202/c
20./c
2/1c
2$9c
2#..c
2c

2/>1c
20/1c
2>/1c
29/c
2#1$c
-0//c
-$$-c
2c

22/>c
221>c
2-$-c
20>.c
2/->c
2>#>c
29-#c
2c

2$/9c

2.0c

2/1.c

Tubo
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Solucin problema

c cc c c  c c c c c


 c c c
  .
Tabla No.3  cc  c c  c c c  c c c c c
  c c
c
Tubo No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Solucin de
100mg/l de la
sustancia, (L)
Agua
destilada en
litros

0$cc-2&>c

$cc-2&>c

-cc-2&/c -$cc-2&/c

0cc-2&/c

/cc-2&/c

>cc-2&/c

2c

.#$cc-2&/c .$cc-2&/c .cc-2&/c 1$cc-2&/c

1cc-2&/c

#cc-2&/c

9cc-2&/c

22-c

*  c4 c c c c c cc c cc?c c  c@c/cc c


c  c c c@-c
c
C1x V1= C2 x V2

Ecuacin No.1

' c  ccc c c@c0c


C1 x V1= C2
V2

Ecuacin No.2

c cc  cc  c c c c cc c cc c


c  c c c c@B0c
c
Tabla N4c c c cc c cc
Tubo
Concentracin (mg/L)
7c-c
0$c
7c0c
$c
7c/c
-2c
7c>c
-$c
7c$c
02c
7c9c
/2c
7c#c
>2c
c
c
C  c c  c c c c c cc c cccc c  c c
  cc c c  c c  c c   c)c c  c
  c c c c  cc c
c
c
Absorbancia
#$ %& 
'$ 




( 

  )* 
( 

  


#$ %& 
'$ 



( 


#$  %& 
'$ 

(    


) !


#$ %& 
'$ 




Concentracion
Dc
c

Fig. N 2.  cc c cc c%c&c c


c
c
cc  c  c c c c c c c c c c
  c c  c cc c c   cc    !c
c
c
Tabla N5  c c c c  c
Sustancia
Azul de
Azul de
Rojo Congo.
Permanganato
c
bromotimol a bromotimol en
de Potasio
Variable
pH 7.5.
medio cido.
(KMnO4)
Excel Reg.
Excel
Reg.
Excel
Reg.
Excel
Reg.
220.c 220.c 2221c 2221c 22.-c 22.c
2220c 2220c
A
220/c 2200c 22-.c 22-.c 22/9c 22/9c 22-$c 22-$c
B
2.9#c 2.9#c 2..1c 2..1c 2.1.c 2.1.c 2...c 2...c
R
2
2./9c 2./9c 2..9c 2..9c 2.#1c 2.#1c 2..1c 2..1c
R
[ ]
39.35 41.13 27.79
27.79
23.03
23.05
25.8
25.8

DISCUSIN
c
 cc   c c cc ccc c c  c
c c c   c c   c c c !c c  c '  c c
c c  c  c ccc c
cccc cc ,4Dc!c
 c4c c c c c c Eccc cc c? c c c  c
c  c c c 
c c  c  c c c  c c  c c
 c c c? c c cc c cc c c cccc cc
 c c  c c  c >.2c  c c  c c 
c c c  c '  c c
 c c ) &' c  c  c c    c c  c  c c  c  c c  c
cF c>/2c cc c'  c c c)  c c  c c   c c"c#$c
c c  c c c c 9-2c !ccc c cc
cc  c  c
c c c'  c'  c c"c c  c  c cc   c cc c
 c c c  c Gc c  c c c c  c c  c   c
  c c c  Hc c  c c  c   c c c  c c  c  c
 c "c c  c c c c c c c  c  c  c '?c 
c c
 c cccc  c  c cc
c  cc
cc  c  c cc cc   c  c  c c
c c  c cc c  c c  c c   c"c#$c cIcc
c'  c c c c c c  c c c cc c c c c'  c
c c c c ccc c c c c  c c cc c c'  c
c  c c c  ccc c  c c c c 9-2c  !cc c c c
'   " c-..0!

*c c c c c  c  c c c  c c  c c c c %& c
   c  c  c  c c  c c c  c  c  c c
  c cc cc c c cc  cc  c c  c c
 cc c c c  c ccc cc ccc  cc c
 c c c 4c  c J c022>!c
c
" cccc cc c  c  c  !cc cc cc
  c c  c c c c c c cc c c c  c c
 c c cc  ccc c c cc cc c    c  c
 cc  c*c c  c  c  c c cc c  c c
 c c cc cc c c c c  c cc c  c c
 cc c    c cccc cc
cc  c c/02c
 c =
c@c' c  c022>!c
*c c  c c c c %& c   c c c   c c  c  c c
 c  c c c  c c c ? c c   c c
 c c c c c  c   c  c c c   c c c c c c c
 c c  c  c  c c   c c c c c c  c c
  cc c
c
= c c cc  c c  c c c ccc c cc c
c   c  c  c  c c    c c c c  c    c c  c  c
c c c c    c c c c c c  c  c c  c  c
  c c  c  c  c c  c   c c  c  c c  c
  c Gc  Kc  c  c c  c c   c c c
 c  c  cc c c   c c  cc c c  cc  c
c c  c = 4c   c 022$!c c  c  c  c  c c    c c
  c c c "c c #$c c c c "c  c c c c c c  c c c c  c
 c  c c   c c   c c  c c  c    c   c
 c c c  c  c  c c c c c c  c c c c  c  c c    c
 ccc c*  c c   c c ccc c c   cc c
   cc c c  c c c c9-2c cc c c  ccc  &c
 c
c
C  c   c   c c   c c  c c c  c
 cc c c  c c c  cc c c c5c  c c c c
c c &%c c c c c  c c c  c c    c  c  c
c c c c  c c ccccc  c c c c
 c = 4c  c022$!c
c
*  c   c  c c  c c c   c  c  c c
 cc c cc ccc c c  c cc c cc

 c  c c c c  c c  c  c c  c  c c  c  c c c
c c cc cc -22;c c    !c c c c c  c  c c
 c c cc c cc c c *  c-.1-!ccc
c
*  c  c c c c  c c  ccc c   c c c  c c
 c  c c c  c c  c c  c   c c c c
 c c 4 c  c=c c  ccc c c c  cc
cc c c c  c c cc   cc c ccc
c c  c    c c   c c    c c   c c  c c c
  c  c  cc c cc c%!c *  cc-.1-!c
C  c c c   c c   c  c c c  c c c
c c cc c  c c c  c c c  c c c  c
c c   cc c  c c c  c c c  c c c c c
c c  c  c cc4 c cc ' !c
*  c c  c c c c  c  cc cc c cc  c c
c c4 5cLc,c cMccNc= cbcc c c c c ccac c  c cc
c cc c c   c  c c c  c
cLc,cNcc c c c
 c  cc-22cc  cc c c c  cc c c c
  c  c*c c  c c
 c  cc  c cccc  c
c   ccc c c c  !c
c
=  c cc c c c c  c c   c c c   c c c
  c c c c c  c c   ' c   c c  c c  c c c
c c c c c  c   c c c c c  c c  c
  c   c c c c  c   c cc c c c c
  c c c ()&)c c c c   c  c  c 
 c   c ?c
 c   c c   c  c  c c"c c c c c   c
c c c  cc c c c  cc c cc
cc c c c c c 
c c c  cc c 4 c c c
4   c 4c c  c!cc c c ' c022#!c
c
*c  c c  c  c c c c  c  c c c c c  c
 c c c ()& c   c   c c  c  c c
c c  c c c  
c c  c  c c c c   c c
  c  c c  c   c  c c  c c  c c  c
  c c c  c  c  cc c c c c  c c
  c c c  c  c c   c c  c ?c c c c %&
c

BIBLIOGRAFIA
' c r`       !   "#c   c c O
 c
O
 c'
 c:::c( c@  c c c*  c


' c022#cr $   %    #c% 


c  c
c
=
c @c ' c c % c Ic c 8c 'c P c c Ic   c 6 c  c
' c8
c@c 8?c* c* c8 cC  &) cP
c7c7?c
PF  c : c 022>c G   &         
  !     ! Hc c =  c c %
 c c % 
c C  cc
 c( c cI   &c  c
c
= 4c   c '4 c I  c 3c 3   c C  c =  c 022$c
r     '
%   (   #

  
 ^  c 3c  c' c  c ::!5c  c  c
 c -Q!cU  U)*+    c

" c =c -..0c G'$   ,    #c   c :   c  c
( c*>.$&>..c
c
*(CCIc=7c-.1-
% $ c  cC6 R" c    c
7  c c c c cc%&   cc
J cc6c022>c,  $ c$c c*c4 cC  cc
c

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