:

Prepared By

SPSS

Easy Guide
(t-test and
ANOVA)

Azura Ishak

Refer the module in this page

Research Question/ Hypotheses

Is there any difference of data analysis attitude between male and female
(gender) students?
Is there any difference of data analysis attitude between malay, chinese,
indian and others (race) students?
Is there any differenece of data analysis attitude (pre& post) before and
after SPSS training?
Is there any relationship of data analysis attitude and experience duration
of using SPSS software?
Is there any the impact of experience duration of using SPSS software
towards data analysis attitude?

Normality Test
Data analysis attitude (pre and post)
Experience duration of using SPSS software
Data analysis attitude (male and female)
Data analysis attitude (malay, chinese, indian &
others)

What to test??

Sig-p>0.05 Normal

PostAtt? Not Normal

test skewness & Kurtosis

Stat/Std Error -2.5 to +2.5

(normal)

Skewness = -1.03
Kurtosis = -1.28

Pre(male) & post (female) not normal

test skewness & kurtosis

Stat/Std Error
-2.5 to +2.5
(normal)

Repeat the
same thing
for Race
Sig-p>0.05 Normal

Normality Test
Data analysis attitude (pre and post)
Experience duration of using SPSS software
Data analysis attitude (male and female)
Data analysis attitude (malay, chinese, indian &
others)

Normal so can proceed

Parametric Test

Research Question/ Hypotheses

Is there any difference of data analysis attitude between male
and female students? Independent t-test
Is there any difference of data analysis attitude between
malay, chinese, indian and others students? Anova
Is there any differenece of data analysis attitude before and
after SPSS training? paired t-test
Is there any relationship of data analysis attitude and
experience duration of using SPSS software? Pearson
Is there any the impact of experience duration of using SPSS
software towards data analysis attitude? Regression

T-test
(independent)

 Is there any difference of data analysis

attitude between male and female
(gender)students?
data analysis attitude (numerical)
gender male vs female (categorical 2
group)

COMPARISON

Levenes Test sig>0.05 focus on sig(2-tailed) row equal variance assumed

If sig (2-tailed) < 0.05 difference

Report:
Result shows that there is a significance difference of data analysis attitude (pre)
between male and female students, p<0.05.
Male students (M=3.27, SD=0.40) data analysis attitude (pre) is more positive
compare to female students (M=1.83, SD=0.28) with t(10)=7.218, p<0.05.

Report:
Result shows that there is a significance difference of data analysis attitude (post)
between male and female students, p<0.05.
Male students (M=3.86, SD=0.15) data analysis attitude (post) is more positive
compare to female students (M=3.29, SD=0.50) with t(6)=0.035, p<0.05.

T-test
(paired)

 Is there any differenece of data analysis

attitude before and after SPSS training?
data analysis attitude (numerical)
BEFORE (PRE) VS AFTER (POST) SPSS
TRAINING (TREATMENT)
SAME SAMPLE/RESPONDENT (PRE AND
POST)

COMPARISON

Report:
Result shows that there is a significance difference of data analysis attitude before
and after SPSS training, p<0.05.
Students data analysis attitude (post) (M=3.68, SD=0.82) is more positive after
attending SPSS training compare to data analysis attitude (pre) (M=3.57, SD=0.47)
with t(11) = -5.971, p<0.05.

One-Way
ANOVA

 Is there any difference of data analysis

attitude between malay, chinese, indian
and others students?
data analysis attitude (numerical)
race malay, chinese, indian and others
(categorical > 2 group)

COMPARISON

Sig-p>0.05 (homogeneity group)

can proceed ANOVA
Sig-p<0.05
(difference, thus can
proceed Multiple
Comparison)

Report:
Result shows that there is a significance difference of data
analysis attitude between malay, chinese, indian and others
students with F(3,8)=7.76, p<0.05.
o Data analysis attitude of Chinese students (M=3.55,
SD=0.42) is more positive compare to data analysis attitude
of Malay students) (M=1.97, SD=0.62).
o Meanwhile, data analysis attitude of Chinese students
(M=3.55, SD=0.42) is more positive compare to data analysis
attitude of others students(M=2.00, SD=0.00)

Report:
Based on the plot graph, data
analysis attitude of Chinese
students (M=3.55, SD=0.42) is
the highest followed by Indian
(M=3.00, SD=0.00), others
(M=2.07, SD=0.00) and Malay
(M=1.97, SD=0.62)