Professional Documents
Culture Documents
V900R017C10
Technical Description
Issue
01
Date
2015-03-25
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations
of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Website:
http://www.huawei.com
Email:
support@huawei.com
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
BSC6900 UMTS
Technical Description
The OMU board can be OMUa/OMUb/OMUc board. The SCU board can be SCUa/SCUb board. The SAU
board can be SAUa/SAUc board.
Product Version
The following table lists the product version related to the document.
Product Name
Product Version
Solution Version
BSC6900
V900R017C10
RAN17.1
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
l
Network planners
System engineers
Field engineers
Organization
1 Change Description
This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There are
two types of changes, including function changes and editorial changes. Function changes refer
to changes in functions of a specific product version. Editorial changes refer to changes in
wording or addition of information that was not described in the earlier version.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
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Technical Description
2 Logical Structure
Logically, the BSC6900 consists of the following subsystems: the switching subsystem (MAC
switching), service processing subsystem (RNC CP/RNC UP), interface processing subsystem
(ATM/IP interface board), clock synchronization subsystem, and O&M subsystem (OMU
board).
3 Signal Flow
The BSC6900 signal flow consists of the user-plane signal flow, control-plane signaling flow,
and O&M signal flow.
4 Transmission and Networking
The transmission and networking between the BSC6900 and other NEs can be classified into
the following types: transmission and networking on the Iub interface and on the Iu/Iur
interface.
5 Reliability
The BSC6900 guarantees its operation reliability using board redundancy and port redundancy.
Conventions
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol
Description
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, could result in equipment damage, data loss,
performance deterioration, or unanticipated results.
NOTICE is used to address practices not related to personal
injury.
Calls attention to important information, best practices and
tips.
NOTE is used to address information not related to personal
injury, equipment damage, and environment deterioration.
General Conventions
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Technical Description
The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention
Description
Boldface
Italic
Courier New
Command Conventions
The command conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention
Description
Boldface
Italic
[]
{ x | y | ... }
[ x | y | ... ]
{ x | y | ... }*
[ x | y | ... ]*
GUI Conventions
The GUI conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Convention
Description
Boldface
>
iv
BSC6900 UMTS
Technical Description
Keyboard Operations
The keyboard operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Format
Description
Key
Press the key. For example, press Enter and press Tab.
Key 1+Key 2
Key 1, Key 2
Mouse Operations
The mouse operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
Action
Description
Click
Double-click
Drag
Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the
pointer to a certain position.
BSC6900 UMTS
Technical Description
Contents
Contents
About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii
1 Change Description.......................................................................................................................1
2 Logical Structure............................................................................................................................2
2.1 Switching Subsystem......................................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Service Processing Subsystem........................................................................................................................................6
2.3 Interface Processing Subsystem.....................................................................................................................................6
2.4 Clock Synchronization Subsystem.................................................................................................................................7
2.4.1 Clock Sources..............................................................................................................................................................7
2.4.2 Structure of the Clock Synchronization Subsystem....................................................................................................8
2.4.3 Clock Synchronization Process.................................................................................................................................10
2.4.4 PLL Working Principles............................................................................................................................................11
2.5 O&M Subsystem..........................................................................................................................................................13
2.5.1 Dual O&M Plane.......................................................................................................................................................13
2.5.2 O&M Network...........................................................................................................................................................14
2.5.3 Data Configuration Management..............................................................................................................................15
2.5.4 Security Management................................................................................................................................................18
2.5.5 Performance Management.........................................................................................................................................21
2.5.6 Alarm Management...................................................................................................................................................23
2.5.7 BSC6900 Loading Management...............................................................................................................................25
2.5.8 BSC6900 Upgrade Management...............................................................................................................................25
3 Signal Flow...................................................................................................................................36
3.1 User-Plane Signal Flow................................................................................................................................................37
3.1.1 UMTS Signal Flow Between Iub and Iu-CS/Iu-PS...................................................................................................37
3.1.2 CBC Signal Flow.......................................................................................................................................................39
3.2 Control-Plane Signaling Flow......................................................................................................................................40
3.2.1 Signaling Flow on the Uu Interface...........................................................................................................................40
3.2.2 Signaling Flow on the Iub Interface .........................................................................................................................42
3.2.3 Signaling Flow on the Iu/Iur Interface .....................................................................................................................43
3.3 O&M Signal Flow........................................................................................................................................................44
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Technical Description
Contents
5 Reliability......................................................................................................................................64
5.1 Board Redundancy.......................................................................................................................................................67
5.1.1 Backup of AEUa Boards...........................................................................................................................................67
5.1.2 Backup of AOUa/AOUc Boards...............................................................................................................................68
5.1.3 Resource Pool of DEUa Boards................................................................................................................................69
5.1.4 Backup of FG2a/FG2c Boards..................................................................................................................................69
5.1.5 Backup of GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb Boards.........................................................................................................70
5.1.6 Backup of GOUa/GOUc/GOUe Boards....................................................................................................................71
5.1.7 Resource Pool of NIUa Boards.................................................................................................................................72
5.1.8 Backup of OMUa/OMUc Boards..............................................................................................................................72
5.1.9 Backup of PEUa/PEUc Boards..................................................................................................................................73
5.1.10 Backup of POUa/POUc Boards...............................................................................................................................74
5.1.11 Independent Mode of SAUa/SAUc Board..............................................................................................................75
5.1.12 Backup of SCUa/SCUb Boards...............................................................................................................................75
5.1.13 Backup of UOIa/UOIc Boards................................................................................................................................76
5.1.14 Backup of SPUa/SPUb/SPUc Boards......................................................................................................................77
5.2 Port Redundancy...........................................................................................................................................................78
5.2.1 STM-1 Optical Port Backup......................................................................................................................................78
5.2.2 Ethernet Port Backup.................................................................................................................................................79
5.2.3 Ethernet Port Load Sharing.......................................................................................................................................80
5.2.4 Ethernet Port Trunking..............................................................................................................................................80
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1 Change Description
Change Description
This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There are
two types of changes, including function changes and editorial changes. Function changes refer
to changes in functions of a specific product version. Editorial changes refer to changes in
wording or addition of information that was not described in the earlier version.
01 (2015-03-25)
This issue does not include any changes.
Draft A (2014-01-15)
Compared with 02 (2014-06-30) of V900R016C00, this issue includes the following changes.
Change Type
Change Description
Functional
change
Added
None.
Modified
Deleted
Editorial change
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
None.
None.
BSC6900 UMTS
Technical Description
2 Logical Structure
Logical Structure
BSC6900 UMTS
Technical Description
2 Logical Structure
The interface processing subsystem provides transmission ports and resources, processes
transportlayer and networklayer messages, and enables interaction between the BSC6900
internal data and external data.
2.4 Clock Synchronization Subsystem
The clock synchronization subsystem of the BSC6900 consists of the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/
GCGb board and the clock processing units of each subrack. It provides working clocks and
reference clocks for base stations for the BSC6900.
2.5 O&M Subsystem
The O&M subsystem enables management and maintenance in the following scenarios: routine
maintenance, emergency maintenance, upgrades, and capacity expansion. It enables
management in data configuration, security, performance, alarm, loading, and upgrade. The
O&M subsystem consists of the EOMUa board.
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Functions
The switching subsystem performs the following functions:
l
Distributes clock signals and radio frame number (RFN) signals to service processing
boards
Hardware Involved
The switching subsystem consists of the SCUa/SCUb boards, high-speed backplane channels
in each subrack, and inter-subrack cables between SCUa/SCUb boards.
Star topology
One node functions as the center node and it is connected to each of the other nodes. The
communication between the other nodes must be switched by the center node.
Chain topology
There is a connection between every two adjacent nodes. If an intermediate node is out of
service, the communication between other nodes is affected. The bandwidth usage
efficiency is high in this topology.
In the switching subsystem of the BSC6900, the star or chain topology is established among
MAC switching logical modules.
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2 Logical Structure
Inter-Subrack Connection
The MAC switching logical module switches the ATM-based or IP-based traffic data, O&M
signals, and signaling. Switching is performed by the SCUa boards and the Ethernet cables
between the SCUa/SCUb boards.
The MPS functions as the basic subrack, and a maximum of five EPSs function as extension
subracks. The star interconnections between the MPS and EPSs are established through the
Ethernet cables between SCUa boards, as shown in Figure 2-3.
Figure 2-3 Interconnections between the MPS and EPSs through the inter-subrack cables
between SCUa boards
The MPS functions as the basic subrack. Star interconnections are established between the MPS
and EPSs in the MPR through the Ethernet cables between SCUb boards. Chain interconnections
are established between the EPSs in the MPR and other EPSs through the Ethernet cables
between SCUb boards, as shown in Figure 2-4.
Figure 2-4 Interconnections between the MPS and EPSs through the inter-subrack cables
between SCUb boards
For example, as shown in Figure 2-4, subracks 0, 1, and 2 are in the same cabinet and star
interconnections are established between them through the Ethernet cables between SCUb
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BSC6900 UMTS
Technical Description
2 Logical Structure
boards. Chain interconnections are established between subracks 1 and 3 through the Ethernet
cables between SCUb boards. Data is exchanged between subrack 0 and subrack 3 through
subrack 1. For details, see Installing the Inter-SCUb SFP+ High-Speed Cables Between Different
Subracks.
Functions
The service processing subsystem performs the following functions:
l
Mobility management
CS service processing
PS service processing
Service processing subsystems communicate with one another through the switching subsystem
to form a resource pool and to perform tasks cooperatively. They can be increased as required,
according to the linear superposition principle, thereby improving the service processing
capability of the BSC6900.
Hardware Involved
The service processing subsystem consists of:
l
Functions
The interface processing subsystem performs the following functions:
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Technical Description
2 Logical Structure
Hardware Involved
The interface processing subsystem consists of the AEU, AOU, FG2, GOU, PEU, and UOI
boards.
BITS Clock
l
BITS clock signals consist of 2 MHz, 2 Mbit/s, and 1.5 Mbit/s clock signals. 1.5 Mbit/s
clock signals are T1 clock signals. 2 MHz and 2 Mbit/s are E1 clock signals. 2 MHz is
intended for electrical impulse, and 2 Mbit/s is intended for data flow.
The BITS clock has two inputs: BITS1 and BITS2. BITS1 and BITS2 correspond to the
CLKIN0 and CLKIN1 ports on the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board, respectively. The
BSC6900 obtains the BITS clock signals through the CLKIN0 or CLKIN1 port.
LINE Clock
The LINE clock is an 8 kHz clock that is transmitted from an interface board in the MPS to the
GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board through the backplane channel. The LINE clock has two input
modes: LINE1 and LINE2.
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NOTE
LINE1 and LINE2 correspond to backplane channel 1 and backplane channel 2, respectively.
GPS Clock
The GPS clock provides 1 Pulse Per Second (PPS) clock signals. The BSC6900 obtains the GPS
clock signals from the GPS system. The GCGa/GCGb board is configured with a satellite card,
and the BSC6900 receives the GPS signals over the antenna port on the GCGa/GCGb board.
NOTE
The GCUa/GCUb board is not configured with a satellite card. Therefore, when the BSC6900 is configured with
the GCUa/GCUb board instead of the GCGa/GCGb board, the GPS clock is unavailable to the BSC6900.
Local Oscillator
If the BSC6900 fails to obtain any external clock, the BSC6900 can obtain its working clock
signals from the local oscillator.
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Technical Description
2 Logical Structure
The BSC6900 clock board can be the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board. The BSC6900
cannot be configured with both the GCUa/GCUb and GCGa/GCGb boards. It can be
configured with only the GCUa/GCUb board or the GCGa/GCGb board, depending on the
clock type.
If the MPS extracts clock signals, the clock signals enter the MPS in any of the following
ways:
The clock signals enter the port on the panel of the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board.
The clock signals enter the port on the panel of an interface board that can extract line
clock signals, include AEUa/AOUa/AOUc/PEUa/POUa/POUc/UOIa/UOIc board. The
clock signals are then switched to the GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board through the
backplane.
The GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board generates oscillator clock signals.
If the EPS extracts clock signals, the interface board that extracts clock signals must be the
AEUa/AOUa/PEUa/POUa/UOIa board.
Figure 2-6 shows the connections of the clock cables between the clock boards in the MPS and
the SCU boards in the EPS when the BSC6900 is configured with active and standby clock
boards and SCU boards.
Figure 2-6 Connections of the clock cables between the clock boards in the MPS and the SCU
boards in the EPS
The active and standby clock boards in the MPS are connected to the active and standby SCU
boards in the EPS through the Y-shaped clock signal cables. This connection mode ensures that
the system clock of the BSC6900 works properly in the case of a single-point failure of the clock
board, Y-shaped clock signal cable, or SCU board.
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Technical Description
2 Logical Structure
In addition, the Y-shaped clock signal cable ensures the proper working of the SCU boards
during the switchover of the active and standby clock boards.
NOTE
In the MPS, the clock board sends clock signals to the SCU board in the same subrack through the backplane
channel. Therefore, a Y-shaped clock signal cable is not required.
Select a board according to the board function. For more information, see Boards. All the boards listed in
this chapter are used as examples for your reference.
Figure 2-7 shows the process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS when the clock
board extracts clock signals from an external device or from the GPS.
Figure 2-8 shows the process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS when the clock
board extracts LINE clock signals from the Iu-CS interface.
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2 Logical Structure
If an external clock is used, external clock signals travel to the clock board through the port
on the panel of the clock board. If the GPS clock is used, clock signals travel to the clock
board through the GPS antenna port. If the LINE clock is used, clock signals travel to the
clock board through the backplane.
2.
The clock source is phase-locked in the clock board to generate clock signals. The clock
signals, then, are sent to the SCU board in the MPS through the backplane and to the SCU
board in each EPS through the clock signal output ports.
3.
The SCU board in the MPS/EPS transmits the clock signals to other boards in the same
subrack through the backplane.
NOTE
The Iub interface boards transmit the clock signals to the base stations.
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Free Running
If no reference clock source is configured or the reference clock sources are unavailable,
the PLL works in the Free Running state.
If there's an available reference clock source, the BSC judges the reference clock source
for 260 seconds. If the source remains stable for more than 260 seconds, the PLL shifts
to the Quick Capture state. Otherwise, the PLL remains in the Free Running state.
Quick Capture
If the reference clock source is available and remains stable for a period (400 seconds
for a GPS source or 200 seconds for any source other than GPS), the PLL shifts to the
Lock state.
If the reference clock source is lost, the PLL shifts back to the Free Running state.
Lock
If the reference clock source is lost when the lock has been started for more than 600
seconds, the PLL shifts to the Hold state.
If the reference clock source is lost within 600 seconds after the lock is started, the PLL
shifts back to the Free Running state.
Hold
If there's still no reference clock source available 10 days after the PLL shifts to the
Hold state, the PLL shifts back to the Free Running state.
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If other reference clock source is available, or the reference clock source recovers within
10 days and remains stable for more than 260 seconds, the PLL shifts to the Quick
Capture state.
The internal network and external network should be on different network segments to ensure
that the two networks are isolated.
The dual O&M plane design is implemented by the hardware that works in active/standby mode.
When an active component is faulty but the standby component works properly, a switchover
is automatically performed between the active and standby components, to ensure that the O&M
channel works properly.
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The active/standby OMU boards use the same external virtual IP address to communicate with
the LMT or U2000 and use the same internal virtual IP address to communicate with the SCU
boards.
l
When a single-point failure occurs on the switching network, the active/standby SCU
boards in each subrack are switched over automatically. This ensures that the O&M channel
works properly.
NOTE
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U2000
The U2000 is a centralized network management system. The U2000 is connected to the
BSC6900 through Ethernet cables. One U2000 can remotely manage multiple BSCs
(BSC6900).
LMT
The LMT is connected to the OMU board of the BSC6900. One or multiple LMTs can be
connected to the OMU board directly or through networks. The maintenance of the BSC6900
can be performed locally or remotely through the LMT. The LMT is connected to an alarm box
through a serial cable.
OMU Board
The OMU board is the back administration module of the BSC6900. It is connected to an external
device through the Ethernet cable. The BSC6900 can be configured with one OMU board in
independent mode or with two OMU boards in active/standby mode.
The OMU board functions as a bridge between the BSC6900 and the LMT or U2000. The O&M
network of the BSC6900 is classified into the following networks:
l
Internal network: implements the communication between the OMU board and the host
boards of the BSC6900.
External network: implements the communication between the OMU board and external
devices, such as the LMT or U2000.
SCU Board
The SCU board is the switching and control board of the BSC6900. It is responsible for the
O&M of the subrack where it is located. If a subrack is configured with two SCU boards, the
two boards work in active/standby mode.
The SCU board performs O&M on other boards in the same subrack through the backplane
channels. The SCU boards in different subracks are connected through crossover cables.
For the concept of host boards, see 2.5.8 BSC6900 Upgrade Management.
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1.
2.
The LMT or U2000 sends MML commands to the configuration management module
of the OMU.
3.
Upon receiving the MML commands, the configuration management module of the
OMU sends the configuration data to the database of the related host board and writes
the data to the OMU database.
Issue 01 (2015-03-25)
1.
2.
The LMT or U2000 sends MML commands to the configuration management module
of the OMU.
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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3.
Upon receiving the MML commands, the configuration management module sends
only the configuration data included in the MML commands to the OMU database.
4.
When a subrack or the BSC6900 is reset, the OMU formats the configuration data in
the database into a .dat file, loads the file onto the related host boards, and then
activates the configuration data.
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The procedure for checking data consistency between the OMU and host boards is as
follows:
1.
On the LMT, a data consistency check command is sent to the OMU automatically
on a regular basis or manually.
2.
The OMU analyzes the parameters of the command and checks whether the data in
the board databases is the same as that in the OMU database.
3.
NOTE
For more information about data configuration, see section Running MML Commands of BSC6900 UMTS
LMT User Guide.
Rights Management
The rights management is performed to identify a user and define the rights of the user.
The BSC6900 supports multi-user operations. It performs hierarchical rights management for
users to ensure security. The BSC6900 authorizes users at multiple levels and assigns certain
rights to the users at each level. To log in to the LMT of the BSC6900, a user must enter the
registered user name and password, through which the BSC6900 identifies the user.
l
User types
Local users: refer to the accounts (including the default local account admin) managed
by only the BSC6900 LMT. This type of LMT users can log in to the LMT during the
BSC6900 installation or during the disconnection from the U2000.
Domain users: refer to the accounts that are created, changed, authenticated, and
authorized on the U2000. Domain users can manage the BSC6900 after logging in to
the LMT or after logging in to the U2000 server through the U2000 client.
Password
You can use upper-case letters, lower-case letters, digits, and special characters to
specify a user password to the maximum complexity.
Run the SET PWDPOLICY command to set Maximum Valid Days and Password
History Records Number.
NOTE
Run the LST PWDPOLICY command to query the password configuration information.
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User rights
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Rights
Com
mand
Grou
p
Description
Guest
G_0
G_2
G_4
G_6
G_8
G_13
G_7
G_9
G_10
G_11
G_12
User
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In addition to
the rights
granted to the
Guest, User
can perform
system OM.
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Class
Com
mand
Grou
p
Description
G_14
In addition to
the rights
granted to the
User, the
Operator can
perform data
configuration
on the
equipment.
G_3
G_5
Adminis
trator
Administrator
has the highest
operation
rights. It can
manage all the
other users.
G_1
Custom
The rights of this user are defined by the Administrator according to the
command groups required for the user.
Operator
Rights
Log Management
Log management records the operation history and saves the related logs about the BSC6900.
Therefore, it helps analyze and identify faults.
Table 2-2 lists the types of logs that are recorded when the BSC6900 is running.
Table 2-2 Types of logs
Type
Description
Running log
Operation log
Security log
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The OMU saves the log information in the buffer. When the log information reaches the specified limit
or the current time reaches the log record period, the OMU saves the log information to the log file.
Inventory Management
The inventory management refers to the efficient and centralized management of the physical
asset information and primary configuration information about the equipment in the network.
By exporting and uploading the inventory information files on the U2000, you can learn the
physical and logical configurations of NEs.
The inventory management system is deployed on the U2000. It obtains the required inventory
information from NEs through the related interfaces. NEs report inventory information to the
U2000 in the form of files, which contain information on the following aspects:
l
Equipment
Connection
Modules
Configurations
Peer equipment
Host version
Cabinets
Subracks
Slots
Ports
Antennas
License
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The user registers a customized performance measurement task and specifies the object,
time, and item attributes of the task on the U2000 client.
2.
Based on the performance measurement task, the U2000 server modifies the measurement
task file, sends it to the OMU, and issues a command to activate the new measurement task
file.
3.
Based on the new measurement task file, the OMU requests host boards to collect data
according to the new requirements. The OMU receives the measurement results from the
host boards and saves them as files.
4.
The OMU notifies the U2000 server of the measurement results and uploads the files into
the U2000 server. The U2000 server processes the files and saves them into the database.
5.
Based on the performance measurement task registered by the U2000 client, the U2000
server obtains the relevant results from the database, performs certain calculation on them,
and then sends the result to the U2000 client.
Measurement
Performance measurement objects consist of three types: default measurement objects, non
default measurement objects, and real-time measurement objects. You cannot add objects to or
remove objects from the list of default measurement objects on the U2000.
l
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Select a measurement period on the U2000 if you need to change the current measurement period.
Performance data will be unreliable within the current or selected measurement period, whichever is
longer. For example, when you change the measurement period from 30 minutes to 5 minutes or from 5
minutes to 30 minutes, the performance data within the 30-minute measurement period will be unreliable.
Setting the storage capacity and time limit for alarm logs
The BSC6900 can store the information of the alarms generated in the latest 90 days and
a maximum of 150,000 alarm logs. You can set the storage capacity and time limit as
required.
Alarm masking
You can shield an alarm by alarm ID. Alternatively, you can shield a specific alarm or all
alarms of a BTS, cell, board, port, or DSP by setting alarm masking conditions, thereby
reducing the number of reported derivative alarms.
Alarm alert
When a fault alarm occurs, the BSC6900 can notify the operator using emails, icon flashing,
short message, terminal sound, and audible and visual indications of the alarm box.
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Each board automatically detects alarms and reports them to the OMU. The OMU then classifies
these alarms into different severity levels and sends them to the LMT or U2000 server. You can
view and manage alarm information on the LMT or U2000 client.
The alarm management module of the OMU provides the following functions:
l
Alarm storage
The alarm management module stores the alarms reported by host boards in the database
of the OMU.
Alarm processing
The alarm management module processes the operation commands from the LMT or U2000
client and then returns the operation results to the LMT or U2000 client. These commands
include querying active alarms, querying alarm logs, and modifying alarm configuration
items.
Alarm triggering
If the generation of an alarm triggers another alarm, the alarm management module reports
the two alarms to the LMT or U2000 client.
Alarm clearing
After an alarm is handled, the system automatically clears the alarm. At the same time, the
alarm management module clears the alarm information from the LMT or U2000.
NOTE
During a BSC6900 upgrade, the BSC6900 will re-detect alarms and will not inherit the alarms of the source
version.
l For the alarms generated on the BSC6900, the BSC6900 will re-detect alarms after a reset.
l For the alarms generated on the GBTS, the BSC6900 will re-detect alarms after the GBTS resets during a
BSC upgrade. If the GBTS OML is always disconnected after a BSC upgrade, the GBTS can not report
alarms.
l For the alarms generated on the eGBTS, the alarms are directly reported to the U2000. Therefore, the
BSC6900 upgrade will not affect the alarms.
Alarm Box
The alarm box generates audible and visual alarms. The red, orange, yellow, and green alarm
indicators on the alarm box indicate the critical, major, minor, and warning alarms, respectively.
Different alarm severity levels have different alarm sounds. Figure 2-17 shows the working
principle of the alarm box.
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The alarm box is connected to the LMT through a serial port. When an alarm is reported, the
LMT forwards it to the alarm box. The alarm box then generates an audible and visual alarm.
You can stop alarm sounds, turn off alarm indicators, and reset the alarm box through the LMT.
Select a board according to the board function. For more information, see Boards. All the boards listed in
this chapter are used as examples for your reference.
Principle of Loading
The OMU board and the active SCU board in each subrack play important roles during the
BSC6900 loading process.
l
The OMU board functions as the first-level center of the entire BSC6900 loading
management process. The loading and power-on of the OMU are independent of other
boards. The OMU board processes the loading control requests of other boards.
The active SCU board functions as the second-level center of the loading management
process. If the OMU board cannot be detected, the active SCU board in a subrack processes
the loading control requests from other boards in the same subrack. If the SCU boards in
an extension subrack are not started, the active SCU board in the basic subrack processes
the loading control requests from the boards in the extension subrack.
Concepts
Table 2-3 describes the OMU-related concepts.
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Description
Active
and
standby
workspac
es
The active and standby workspaces are used to store files of different versions
on the OMU.
Relations
hip
between
the active
and
standby
workspac
es
l The relationship between the active and standby workspaces is relative. The
active/standby relationship is determined by the location where the running
version files are stored. The workspace that stores the running version files is
referred to as the active workspace, and the other workspace is referred to as
the standby workspace.
Relations
hip
between
the active
and
standby
workspac
es of the
active
and
standby
OMUs
The active and standby workspaces of the active OMU map onto those of the
standby OMU. The files stored in the active workspaces can be automatically
synchronized in real time between the active and standby OMUs, while the files
stored in the standby workspaces must be synchronized manually between the
active and standby OMUs.
Host
boards
l In the OMU, the active and standby workspaces are independent from each
other. The running of the active workspace does not change any information
stored in the standby workspace.
Table 2-4 describes the concept of version and patch and their respective upgrade and rollback.
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Table 2-4 Concept of Version and Patch and their Respective Upgrade and Rollback
Concept
Description
Version
Patch
l A patch refers to a version delivered after the first delivery version. The patch
No. is SPyABC, where SP stands for Service Pack. For example, the first
patch No. after V900R017C10 is V900R017C10SPC100.
l If y is C, the patch is a cold patch. If y is H, the patch is a hot patch. SPH and
SPC are numbered separately. ABC refers to the SP patch serial number. It
ranges from 001 to 999, with increments of 1.
Version
upgrade
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Perform a version rollback if you need to roll back the post-upgrade version to
the pre-upgrade version after a version upgrade. The rollback interrupts ongoing
services and operation and maintenance. Therefore, service experience is
adversely affected.
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Concept
Description
Cold
patch
upgrade
Cold
patch
rollback
Perform a cold patch rollback if you need to roll back the post-upgrade patch to
the pre-upgrade patch after a cold patch upgrade. For example, a rollback from
V900R017C10SPC510 to V900R017C10SPH501 is a cold patch rollback. The
rollback interrupts ongoing services and operation and maintenance. Therefore,
service experience is adversely affected.
NOTE
V900R017C10SPH511 must be rolled back to the immediate version
V900R017C10SPC510, which is a cold patch, before being rolled back to
V900R017C10SPC500. Therefore, a rollback from V900R017C10SPH511 to
V900R017C10SPC500 is referred to as a cold patch rollback.
Hot patch Perform a hot patch rollback if you need to roll back the post-upgrade patch to
rollback
the pre-upgrade patch after a hot patch upgrade. For example, a rollback from
V900R017C10SPH511 to V900R017C10PC510 is a hot patch rollback. The
rollback interrupts O&M but not ongoing services. Therefore, service experience
is not affected.
NOTE
To perform a rollback to a hot patch, for example, a rollback from V900R017C10SPH500
to V900R017C10SPH201, first perform a rollback to the cold patch V900R017C10SPC200
and then an upgrade to the hot patch V900R017C10SPH201.
Upgrade Method
You can use the dedicated upgrade tool to remotely upgrade the BSC6900 through its O&M
network. For details about how to use the upgrade tool, see the corresponding upgrade guide.
To obtain the upgrade guide and the required installation package, contact Huawei engineers.
Save the required installation package to the root directory of a drive (for example, drive D) on
the PC.
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The following sections describe version upgrade/rollback, hot patch upgrade/rollback, and cold
patch upgrade/rollback.
1.
Start the upgrade tool and upload the target software package to the OMU. The detailed
procedure is as follows:
a.
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2.
3.
2 Logical Structure
b.
Upload the target software package. The upgrade server of the active OMU uses the
FTP server to upload the target software package to the specified directory of the active
OMU. The target software package includes the upgrade server and upgrade version
files, which contain programs, data, and patch packages.
c.
The upgrade client on the PC starts the upgrade server of the active OMU and then
sets up a connection between them.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU synchronizes the target software packages to
the specified directory of the standby OMU.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU starts the upgrade server of the standby OMU
and then sets up a connection between them.
Perform a pre-upgrade.
b.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs perform an environment check
on their respective OMUs.
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs update OMU-related programs
in the standby workspaces of their respective OMUs and copy the related host
programs in the specified directory to the standby workspaces of their respective
OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU upgrades data in the standby workspaces of
the active OMU. After the data is upgraded, the upgrade server synchronizes the data
to the standby workspaces of the standby OMU.
e.
Optional: If the upgrade version files include the cold patch package, the upgrade
servers of the active and standby OMUs install the cold patch package to the standby
workspaces of their respective OMUs.
Perform a version upgrade. Firstly load the programs and data files to host boards. Then
switch over the active and standby workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then resets
the host boards. After the resets, the host boards use the target version. The detailed
procedure is as follows:
a.
b.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an SYN BRDAREA command to load
the programs and data files in the standby workspace of the active OMU to host boards.
c.
Switch over the active and standby workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. The
upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs issue an SWP OMUAREA
command to switch over the active and standby workspaces of their respective OMUs.
After the switchovers, the active workspaces of the two OMUs use the target version.
d.
Restart the host system. The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an RST BSC
command to reset the standby host boards.
After the reset, the standby host boards load the local version that is consistent with
the OMU version, that is, the standby host boards start from the target version
programs and data files.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU resets the active host boards after detecting
that the standby host boards have started.
After the active host boards reset, the original standby host boards become active, and
the original active host boards become standby and load the local version that is
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consistent with the OMU version, that is, the original active host boards start from the
target version programs and data files.
f.
4.
Optional: If the host boards have hot patch packages to upgrade, the upgrade server
of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to decompress the hot patch
packages to the OMU and then install them.
Perform service verification. If the service verification is successful, view the upgrade
report.
2.
Perform a version rollback. Firstly switch over the active and standby workspaces of the
active and standby OMUs. Then resets the host boards. After the resets, the host boards use
the pre-upgrade version. The detailed procedure is as follows:
a.
b.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs issue an SWP OMUAREA
command to switch over the active and standby workspaces of their respective OMUs.
After the switchovers, the active and standby workspaces of the two OMUs use the
pre-upgrade version.
c.
Reset host boards. The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an RST BSC
command to reset the host boards.
After the resets, the host boards load the local version that is consistent with the OMU
version, that is, the host boards start from the pre-upgrade programs and data files.
3.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU checks the status of host boards.
e.
Optional: If the pre-upgrade version has hot patch packages to upgrade, the upgrade
server of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to decompress the hot
patch packages to the OMU and then install them.
Perform service verification. If the service verification is successful, view the rollback
report.
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1.
2.
Perform a cold patch upgrade. Firstly update OMU-related programs and data in the active
workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then load the programs and data files to host
boards. At last, resets the host boards. After the resets, the host boards use the target version.
The detailed procedure is as follows:
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a.
b.
The upgrade server of the active OMU performs a pre-upgrade check and backs up
the OMU software and host board software for the active workspaces of the OMU.
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c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs upgrade OMU-related programs
in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs and copy the related host programs
in the specified directory to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues a command to load the host programs
and data files in the active workspaces of the active OMU to the standby workspaces
of host boards.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU resets the standby host boards on which a cold
patch upgrade is to be executed.
After the reset, the standby host boards load the local version that is consistent with
the OMU version, that is, the standby host boards start from the target version
programs and data files.
f.
The upgrade server of the active OMU resets the active host boards on which a cold
patch upgrade is to be executed after detecting that the standby host boards have
started.
After the active host boards reset, the original standby host boards become active, and
the original active host boards become standby and load the local version that is
consistent with the OMU version, that is, the original active host boards start from the
target version programs and data files.
g.
3.
Optional: If the host boards have hot patch packages to upgrade, the upgrade server
of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to decompress the hot patch
packages to the OMU and then install them.
Perform service verification. If the service verification is successful, view the upgrade
report.
2.
Perform a cold patch rollback. Firstly install pre-upgrade OMU programs and data in the
active workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then resets the host boards. After the
resets, the host boards use the old version. The detailed procedure is as follows:
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a.
b.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs restore OMU software and host
board software in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs, that is, the upgrade
servers copy the pre-upgrade OMU software and host board software in the backup
files to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs install the pre-upgrade OMU
software in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs and copy the pre-upgrade
host programs in the backup files to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues a command to load the data files in the
active workspaces of the active OMU to the standby workspaces of host boards.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU resets the host boards on which cold patches
have been installed. After the resets, the host boards switch over the active and standby
workspaces. Then, the host boards load the version that is consistent with the OMU
version, that is, the host boards start from the pre-upgrade programs and data.
f.
The upgrade server of the active OMU checks the status of host boards.
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g.
3.
Optional: If the pre-upgrade version has hot patch packages to upgrade, the upgrade
server of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to decompress the hot
patch packages to the OMU and then install them.
Perform service verification. If the service verification is successful, view the rollback
report.
1.
2.
Perform a hot patch upgrade. Firstly update OMU-related programs in the active
workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then delete the source hot patch package for
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host boards, and then installs the target hot patch package. The detailed procedure is as
follows:
3.
a.
b.
The upgrade server of the active OMU performs a pre-upgrade check and backs up
the OMU software and host board software for the active workspace of the active
OMU.
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs upgrade OMU-related programs
in the active workspace of their respective OMUs and copy the related host programs
in the specified directory to the active workspace of the two OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an RMV PATCH command to delete
the source hot patch package for host boards.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to
decompress the target hot patch packages for host boards to the OMU and then install
them.
f.
The upgrade server of the active OMU checks the hot patch No. and status of host
boards.
Perform service verification. If the service verification is successful, view the upgrade
report.
2.
Perform a hot patch rollback. Firstly install pre-upgrade OMU software in the active
workspaces of the active and standby OMUs. Then deletes the hot patch package for host
boards. The detailed procedure is as follows:
3.
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a.
b.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs restore OMU software and host
board software in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs, that is, the upgrade
servers copy the pre-upgrade OMU software and host board software in the backup
files to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
c.
The upgrade servers of the active and standby OMUs install pre-upgrade OMU
software in the active workspaces of their respective OMUs and copy the pre-upgrade
host programs in the backup files to the active workspaces of the two OMUs.
d.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an RMV PATCH command to delete
the hot patch package for host boards.
e.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues an INS PATCH command to
decompress the pre-upgrade hot patch packages for host boards to the OMU and
then install them.
b.
The upgrade server of the active OMU checks the hot patch No. and status of
host boards.
Perform service verification. If the service verification is successful, view the rollback
report.
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Signal Flow
See WCDMA RAN Controller Resource Sharing Feature Parameter Description to get more information.
Definitions
l
User plane
User plane refers to the set of BSC6900 logical function units used for processing service
data, including voice data and packet data.
Control plane
Control plane refers to the set of BSC6900 logical function units used for processing control
signaling, including the call control signaling and the connection control signaling.
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Select a board according to the board function. For more information, see Boards. All the boards listed in
this chapter are used as examples for your reference.
NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
l All the communications between the boards in the same subrack and in different subracks are switched
by the SCU boards.
l The boards shown in the figure are only examples.
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1.
The NodeB processes the data and then sends it to the Iub interface board of BSC6900 over
the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board processes the data and sends it to the DPUb board in the same
subrack. See signal flow 1 in Figure 3-1.
If the DPUb board that processes the data and the Iub interface board that receives the data
are installed in different subracks, the data is switched by the MPS. The MPS then sends
the data to the target DPUb board. See signal flow 2 in Figure 3-1.
3.
The DPUb board processes the data according to the FP, MDC, MAC, RLC, and Iu UP/
PDCP/GTP-U protocols, separates CS user-plane data from PS user-plane data, and then
sends the data to the Iu-CS and Iu-PS interface boards, respectively.
4.
The Iu-CS/Iu-PS interface board processes the data and then sends it to the MSC/SGSN.
The downlink signal flow is the reverse of the uplink signal flow.
NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
l All the communications between the boards in the same subrack and in different subracks are switched
by the SCU boards.
The NodeB processes the data and then sends it to the Iub interface board of BSC6900-1
over the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board and DPUb board of BSC6900-1 process the data and then send it
to the Iur interface board of BSC6900-1.
NOTE
The DPUb board of BSC6900-1 processes the data according to only the FP and MDC protocols.
3.
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The Iur interface board of BSC6900-1 processes the data and then sends it to the Iur
interface board of BSC6900-2 over the Iur interface between BSC6900-1 and BSC6900-2.
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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4.
The Iur interface board of BSC6900-2 processes the data and then sends it to the DPUb
board.
5.
The DPUb board processes the data, separates CS user-plane data from PS user-plane data,
and then sends the data to the Iu-CS and Iu-PS interface boards, respectively.
6.
The Iu-CS/Iu-PS interface board processes the data and then sends it to the MSC/SGSN.
The downlink signal flow is the reverse of the uplink signal flow.
Select a board according to the board function. For more information, see Boards. All the boards listed in
this chapter are used as examples for your reference.
Figure 3-3 shows the signal flow from the Iu-BC interface to the Iub interface.
Figure 3-3 Signal flow from Iu-BC to Iub
NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
The CBC broadcasts data to the Iu-BC interface board of the BSC6900 over the Iu-BC
interface.
2.
The Iu-BC interface board processes the data and then sends it to the SPUa board.
3.
The SPUa board processes the data according to the Service Area Broadcast Protocol
(SABP) and then sends the data to the target DPUb board. See signal flow 1 in Figure
3-3.
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If the SPUa board cannot process the data, the data travels to the MPS for switching. The
MPS then sends the data to the target SPUa board, which processes the data according to
the SABP. Then, the SPUa board sends the data to the DPUb board. See signal flow 2 in
Figure 3-3.
4.
The DPUb board processes the data according to the BMC, RLC, and MAC protocols and
then sends the data to the Iub interface board.
5.
The Iub interface board processes the data and then sends it to the NodeB.
6.
The NodeB broadcasts the data to the UEs in the cells it serves.
Select a board according to the board function. For more information, see Boards. All the boards listed in
this chapter are used as examples for your reference.
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NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
l All the communications between the boards in the same subrack and in different subracks are switched
by the SCU boards.
l As shown in the figure, the cross symbol in the MPS indicates the switching unit in the MPS.
The RRC messages from the UE are processed at the physical layer of the NodeB and are
then sent to the Iub interface board of the BSC6900 over the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board processes the messages and then sends them to the DPUb board.
See signaling flow 1 in Figure 3-4.
If the SPU board that processes the RRC messages and the Iub interface board that receives
the RRC messages are installed in different subracks, the messages travel to the MPS for
switching. The MPS then sends the messages to the target DPUb board. See signaling flow
2 in Figure 3-4.
3.
The DPUb board processes the messages according to the FP, MDC, MAC, and RLC
protocols and then sends the messages to the target SPU board where the messages are
terminated.
The downlink signaling flow is the reverse of the uplink signaling flow.
NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
l All the communications between the boards in the same subrack and in different subracks are switched
by the SCU boards.
The RRC messages from the UE are processed at the physical layer of the NodeB and are
then sent to the Iub interface board of BSC6900-1 over the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board and the DPUb board of BSC6900-1 process the messages and then
send them to the Iur interface board of BSC6900-1.
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NOTE
When the UE performs a cell update across the Iur interface, the RRC messages travel to the Iur interface
board of BSC6900-1 through the SPU board of BSC6900-1. In any other case, RRC messages travel to
the Iur interface board of BSC6900-1, without passing the SPU board of the BSC6900-1.
3.
The Iur interface board of BSC6900-1 processes the RRC messages and then sends them
to the Iur interface board of BSC6900-2 over the Iur interface between BSC6900-1 and
BSC6900-2.
4.
The Iur interface board of BSC6900-2 processes the messages and then sends them to the
DPUb board.
5.
The DPUb board processes the messages according to the FP, MDC, MAC, and RLC
protocols and then sends the messages to the target SPU board where the messages are
terminated.
The downlink signaling flow is the reverse of the uplink signaling flow.
Select a board according to the board function. For more information, see Boards. All the boards listed in
this chapter are used as examples for your reference.
NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
l All the communications between the boards in the same subrack and in different subracks are switched
by the SCU boards.
l As shown in the figure, the cross symbol in the MPS indicates the switching unit in the MPS.
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The NodeB transmits control-plane messages to the Iub interface board of the BSC6900
over the Iub interface.
2.
The Iub interface board processes the messages and then sends them to the SPU board
where the messages are terminated. See signaling flow 1 in Figure 3-6.
If the SPU board that processes the messages and the Iub interface board that receives the
messages are installed in different subracks, the messages travel to the MPS for switching.
The MPS then sends the messages to the target SPU board. See signaling flow 2 in Figure
3-6.
The downlink signaling flow is the reverse of the uplink signaling flow.
Select a board according to the board function. For more information, see Boards. All the boards listed in
this chapter are used as examples for your reference.
Figure 3-7 shows the signaling flow on the Iu/Iur interface. See signaling flows 1, 2, and 3.
Figure 3-7 Signaling flow on the Iu/Iur interface
NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
l All the communications between the boards in the same subrack and in different subracks are switched
by the SCU boards.
l As shown in the figure, the cross symbol in the MPS indicates the switching unit in the MPS.
The MSC or SGSN sends control-plane messages to the Iu interface board of the
BSC6900 over the Iu interface, or another BSC6900 sends control-plane messages to the
Iur interface board of the local BSC6900 over the Iur interface.
2.
The Iu/Iur interface board processes the messages and then sends them to the SPUa board
in the same subrack for processing. See signaling flow 1 in Figure 3-7.
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If the SPUa board in the same subrack as the Iu/Iur interface board cannot process the
messages, the messages are switched by the MPS to the SPUa board in another subrack.
See signaling flow 2 in Figure 3-7.
After being processed by the Iu/Iur interface board, the messages are directly switched by
the MPS to the SPUa board in another subrack. See signaling flow 3 in Figure 3-7.
The uplink signaling flow is the reverse of the downlink signaling flow.
As shown in Figure 3-8, the O&M signal flow in the BSC6900 is as follows:
l
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The O&M signal is transmitted from the LMT or U2000 to the OMUa board.
2.
After being processed by the OMUa board, the O&M signal is transmitted to the SCUa
board in the MPS through the backplane.
3.
The SCUa board then transmits the O&M signal to the service boards that require
maintenance.
The O&M signal is transmitted from the LMT or U2000 to the OMUa board.
2.
After being processed by the OMUa board, the O&M signal is transmitted to the SCUa
board in the MPS through the backplane.
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3 Signal Flow
3.
The SCUa board in the MPS transmits the O&M signal to the SCUa board in the EPS
through the crossover cable between the SCUa boards.
4.
The SCUa board transmits the O&M signal to the service boards to be maintained in
the EPS.
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In this networking mode, each Iu or Iur interface requires a pair of STM-1 optical cables for
MSP 1+1 (1+1 Unidirectional Protection Switching or 1+1 Bidirectional Protection Switching)
or MSP 1:1 backup. In some cases rather than direct connection between the BSC6900 and the
MSC or SGSN, the section-specific MSP backup on the BSC6900 protects only the optical
channels between the BSC6900 and the ADM, instead of all the optical channels between the
BSC6900 and the MSC or SGSN.
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In this networking mode, the two UOIa/UOIc boards for the Iu or Iur interface are not configured
in backup mode. The Iu/Iur control-plane and user-plane PVCs are shared between two optical
ports on different UOIa/UOIc boards. Therefore, the two optical ports share the load. If one
optical port is faulty, it is isolated and the services carried on it are interrupted. Then, the
transmission capacity of the Iu or Iur interface reduces by half.
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Figure 4-3 SDH-based networking with STM-1 shared between Iu and Iur
Generally, the traffic on the Iur interface is light. Therefore, when the BSC6900 has a number
of Iur interfaces where the traffic is light, the Iu and Iur interfaces can share an STM-1
transmission resource, and then the MGW separates the Iu PVC from the Iur PVC by using VC
or VP switching.
ATM-based Networking
In this networking mode, the BSC6900 uses UOIa/UOIc as the Iu/Iur interface board and
provides unchannelized STM-1 optical ports, as shown in Figure 4-4.
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In this networking mode, each Iu or Iur interface requires a pair of STM-1 optical cables for
MSP 1+1 (1+1 Unidirectional Protection Switching or 1+1 Bidirectional Protection Switching)
or MSP 1:1 backup. In some cases rather than direct connection between the BSC6900 and the
MSC or SGSN, the section-specific MSP backup on the BSC6900 protects only the optical
channels between the BSC6900 and the ATM switch instead of all the optical channels between
the BSC6900 and the MSC or SGSN.
NOTE
l STM-1 sharing between the Iu and Iur interfaces is applicable to the ATM-based networking. In this
case, the Iu and Iur interfaces share a pair of STM-1 optical cables to transmit data before the ATM
switch separates the Iu PVC from the Iur PVC by using VC or VP switching.
l Load sharing is also applicable to the ATM-based networking. This networking mode is similar to the
SDH-based networking with load sharing between optical ports.
l
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In the case of a large number of Iur interfaces, the demand for transmission resources is
high and the resource usage efficiency is low if each Iur interface occupies one STM-1 port.
The SDH-based networking with STM-1 shared between Iu and Iur helps save SDH
transmission resources.
l
ATM-based networking
The Iu and Iur interfaces can share a port or board for data transmission, thereby saving
the transmission resources and increasing the resource usage efficiency.
Disadvantages:
l
ATM-based networking
The market share of ATM networks decreases as the ATM equipment is expensive.
Building additional ATM networks for Iu and Iur transmission is not recommended.
l The IP-based networking on the Iu/Iur interface of BSC6900 supports the IP PATH mode or transmission
pool mode.
l When the BSC6900 works in IP PATH mode, IP paths and static IP routes must be configured.
l A transmission resource pool is formed by multiple interface boards on the BSC6900 side. The IP
addresses for these boards form an IP address pool. Any peer NE, for example, a NodeB, NRNC, MGW,
SGSN, or GGSN, can be connected to any interface board in the transmission resource pool. When a
call needs to be set up, the BSC6900 selects an IP address from the IP address pool for the call in a way
that ensures load balancing. In this mode, no IP path needs to be configured. For details about the RNC
transmission pool, see Transmission Resource Pool in RNC Feature Parameter Description.
l For details about board reliability concepts (for example, active/standby mode in a trunk group or load
sharing mode in a trunk group), see Reliability.
l If the BSC6900 is far from the provider edge (PE), the GE optical ports of the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board
are required. If the distance between the BSC6900 and the PE is within 100 m, you can use the GE/FE
electrical ports of the FG2a/FG2c board.
l The networking is typical networking.
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Independent interface boards and link aggregation group (LAG) with load sharing
implemented among ports on a board
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Technical Description
In this networking mode, the FE/GE board of the BSC6900 works in the independent mode.
The independent ports connect to two PEs which connect to the IP network. Figure 4-5
shows dual-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with load
sharing implemented among ports on a board).
Figure 4-5 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with
load sharing implemented among ports on a board)
To avoid call dropping caused by faulty ports, you are advised to use two or more ports on
an interface board to form a LAG.
l
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Figure 4-6 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
standby ports/active/standby LAG)
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In this networking mode, boards of the BSC6900 work in the active/standby mode. Ports
can be configured in active/standby trunking mode. The active/standby ports/ LAG ports
connect to the PE which then connects to the IP network. The active/standby ports/LAG
ports of the BSC6900 share one IP address. On the PE side, the active/standby ports/LAG
ports of the BSC6900 are in one VLAN and share the IP address of one VLAN port. Figure
4-8 shows single-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
standby ports/active/standby LAG).
Figure 4-8 Single-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
standby ports/active/standby LAG)
Independent interface boards and LAG with load sharing implemented among ports on a
board
In this networking mode, BSC6900 boards work in independent mode. The FE/GE ports
work in load sharing trunking mode and connect to the PE which then connects to the IP
network. Figure 4-9 shows single-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board
and LAG with load sharing implemented among ports on a board).
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Figure 4-9 Single-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with
load sharing implemented among ports on a board)
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Disadvantages:
l
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The E1/T1 signals from multiple base stations are converged at the ATM switch and then are
transmitted to the BSC6900 through the SDH/PDH network.
The E1/T1 signals from multiple base stations are converged onto one STM-1 channel at the
ATM switch and are then transmitted to the ATM switch in the BSC6900 equipment room
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through the SDH/PDH network. Then, the E1 links are converged by the ATM switch and
transmitted to the BSC6900.
Disadvantages: The ATM networking mode is more costly than the IP networking mode.
The ATM over E1/STM-1 networking (transparent TDM transmission) requires more E1 cables
and features complex cable connections. It does not support port backup or ATM multiplexing,
and therefore the bandwidth usage efficiency is low.
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l The IP-based networking on the Iub interface of BSC6900 supports the IP PATH mode or transmission pool
mode.
l When the BSC6900 works in IP PATH mode, IP paths and static IP routes must be configured.
l A transmission resource pool is formed by multiple interface boards on the BSC6900 side. The IP
addresses for these boards form an IP address pool. Any peer NE, for example, a NodeB, NRNC, MGW,
SGSN, or GGSN, can be connected to any interface board in the transmission resource pool. When a
call needs to be set up, the BSC6900 selects an IP address from the IP address pool for the call in a way
that ensures load balancing. In this mode, no IP path needs to be configured. For details about the RNC
transmission pool, see Transmission Resource Pool in RNC Feature Parameter Description.
l For details about board reliability concepts (for example, active/standby mode in a trunk group or load
sharing mode in a trunk group), see Reliability.
l If the BSC6900 is far from the provider edge (PE), the GE optical ports of the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board
are required. If the distance between the BSC6900 and the PE is within 100 m, you can use the GE/FE
electrical ports of the FG2a/FG2c board.
l The networking is typical networking.
Independent interface boards and link aggregation group (LAG) with load sharing
implemented among ports on a board
In this networking mode, the FE/GE board of the BSC6900 works in the independent mode.
The independent ports connect to two PEs which connect to the IP network. Figure 4-14
shows dual-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with load
sharing implemented among ports on a board).
Figure 4-14 Dual-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with
load sharing implemented among ports on a board)
To avoid call dropping caused by faulty ports, you are advised to use two or more ports on
an interface board to form a LAG.
l
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Figure 4-17 Single-homing layer 3 networking (active/standby interface boards and active/
standby ports/active/standby LAG)
Independent interface boards and LAG with load sharing implemented among ports on a
board
In this networking mode, BSC6900 boards work in independent mode. The FE/GE ports
work in load sharing trunking mode and connect to the PE which then connects to the IP
network. Figure 4-18 shows single-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface
board and LAG with load sharing implemented among ports on a board).
Figure 4-18 Single-homing layer 3 networking (independent interface board and LAG with
load sharing implemented among ports on a board)
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Both the BSC6900 and the base station access the IP network through switches.
In IP over Ethernet (layer 2) networking mode, the Virtual LAN (VLAN) technology is used to
separate the BSC6900 from the base station in independent subnets. In this case, the BSC6900
and the base station are part of IP private networks, thereby ensuring the security of data
transmission.
Disadvantages:
l
The ATM interface board is connected to the ATM network through the E1/T1/STM-1
port. For more information about ATM-based networking, see 4.2.1 ATM-based
Networking on the Iub Interface.
The IP interface board is connected to the IP network through the FE/GE port. For more
information about IP-based networking, see 4.2.2 IP-based Networking on the Iub
Interface.
The base station is connected to the ATM and IP networks through its ATM and IP interface
boards, respectively.
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The IP network reduces the transmission cost and meets the requirement of high-speed data
services for high bandwidth on the Iub interface.
Disadvantages: The ATM/IP dual-stack networking requires maintenance of both ATM and IP
networks. This increases the difficulty in and the cost for network maintenance.
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5 Reliability
Reliability
Board Redundancy
l
Board backup
In the board backup mode, two boards work in active/standby mode, with one working as
the active board and the other working as the standby board. Services can be processed by
only the active board or both the active and standby boards. If the active board is faulty,
the BSC6900 automatically switches over the active and standby boards.
Port Redundancy
l
l
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In MSP 1+1 backup mode, both the active and standby optical ports transmit data. However,
only the active optical port receives data. When the active optical port is faulty, the standby
optical port takes over the tasks from the active optical port.
During an active/standby switchover of optical ports, transmission is interrupted for 1 to 3
seconds. Stable services (established calls) are not interrupted but service quality
deteriorates temporarily. Transient services (calls being established or during handovers)
are interrupted.
l
Port redundancy
Port redundancy can be configured on the basis of board redundancy. In port redundancy
mode, one port works in active mode, and the other port works in standby mode. If the
active port becomes faulty, the BSC performs an active/standby switchover, and the standby
port takes over services from the active port.
Port trunking
Port trunking enables multiple physical ports to be grouped into one logical port. This
technology improves the reliability of data transmission.
Trunk groups are used for transmission. A trunk group consists of multiple physical links.
If a physical link in the trunk group becomes faulty, the data carried on the faulty link is
transferred to other links in the trunk group. Therefore, the link failure does not interrupt
the communication between both ends of the trunk group.
The maximum traffic of the trunk group can reach the total traffic on all the physical links
in the trunk group. Port trunking improves transmission reliability and transmission
bandwidth.
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Board
Backup Mode
AEUa
Board backup
AOUa/AOUc
DPUb/DPUe
FG2a/FG2c
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Board
Backup Mode
GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb
Board backup
GOUa/GOUc/GOUe
OMUa/OMUc
Board backup
PEUa/PEUc
Board backup
POUa/POUc
SAUa/SAUc
Independently configured
SCUa/SCUb
SPUa/SPUb/SPUc
Board backup
NIUa
UOIa/UOIc
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5 Reliability
BSC6900 interface boards have an effective mechanism for fault detection and automatic recovery. When the
BSC6900 detects that a certain proportion of resources of an interface board are unavailable for a specified
period of time, the BSC6900 resets the interface board. If the faulty board is the active one in a pair of active
and standby boards, the BSC6900 switches over the active and standby boards. For example,
l The BSC6900 resets an Iub interface board if a certain proportion of cells under the Iub interface board are
unavailable for a specified period of time because of a failure in Iub transmission links.
l The BSC6900 resets an Iub interface board under the following conditions: The RRC connection setup
success rate in a cell is lower than a predefined threshold because of a failure in Iub transmission links, the
proportion of such cells under the Iub interface board reaches a predefined cell threshold, the proportion of
NodeBs with such cells reaches a predefined NodeB threshold, and this situation persists for a specified
period of time.
l If a BSC6900 port detects any transmission fault, the BSC6900 reports an alarm instead of resetting the
interface board.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby AEUa boards, run the SWP BRD command.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby AEUa boards can be automatically switched over only if any of the
following conditions is met:
l
The active AEUa board resets, but the standby AEUa board is working properly.
The active AEUa board is faulty, but the standby AEUa board is working properly.
The port on the active AEUa board is faulty, but the port on the standby AEUa board is
working properly.
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Switchover Process
When the active and standby AEUa boards are switched over, the active AEUa board becomes
standby after being reset, and the standby AEUa board becomes active.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby AOUa/AOUc boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby AOUa/AOUc boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
the following conditions is met:
l
The active AOUa/AOUc board resets, but the standby AOUa/AOUc board is working
properly.
The active AOUa/AOUc board is faulty, but the standby AOUa/AOUc board is working
properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby AOUa/AOUc boards are switched over, the active AOUa/AOUc
board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby AOUa/AOUc board becomes active.
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NOTE
After an active/standby switchover, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby ports according to the
policy defined by the MSP protocol.
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The active FG2a/FG2c board resets, but the standby FG2a/FG2c board is working properly.
The active FG2a/FG2c board is faulty, but the standby FG2a/FG2c board is working
properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards are switched over, the active FG2a/FG2c board
becomes standby after being reset, and the standby FG2a/FG2c board becomes active.
NOTE
If the FG2a/FG2c boards work in board backup with port backup mode, after an active/standby switchover,
the BSC6900 determines the active and standby ports and defines the port load sharing policy.
If the FG2a/FG2c boards work in active/standby mode and their ports work in active/
standby, port trunking, load sharing, or active/standby route mode, transmission is
interrupted for 1 to 3 seconds when the active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards are switched
over. In this situation, stable CS services (established calls) are not interrupted, but service
quality deteriorates temporarily. Transient CS services (calls being established or during
handovers) are interrupted. Stable PS services are not interrupted, but service quality
deteriorates temporarily.
When the FG2a/FG2c boards work in active/standby mode but their ports do not work in
active/standby, port trunking, load sharing, or active/standby route mode, a switchover
between the active and standby boards interrupts services of CS and PS.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards, run the
SWP BRD command.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards can be automatically switched over
only if any of the following conditions is met:
l
The clock source of the active GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board is faulty, but that of the
standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board is working properly.
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NOTE
The GCGa/GCGb board supports the GPS clock. If the satellite card in the active GCGa/GCGb board is
faulty but that in the standby GCGa/GCGb board works properly, the active and standby GCGa/GCGb
boards are switched over.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb boards are switched over, the active
GCUa/GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby GCUa/
GCUb/GCGa/GCGb board becomes active.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards, run the SWP
BRD command.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards can be automatically switched over only if
any of the following conditions is met:
l
The active GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board resets, but the standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board
is working properly.
The active GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board is faulty, but the standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe board
is working properly.
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Switchover Process
When the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards are switched over, the active GOUa/
GOUc/GOUe board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe
board becomes active.
NOTE
If the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards work in board backup with port backup mode, after an active/standby
switchover, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby ports and defines the port load sharing policy.
If the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards work in active/standby mode and their ports work in
active/standby, port trunking, load sharing, or active/standby route mode, transmission is
interrupted for 1 to 3 seconds when the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards are
switched over. In this situation, stable CS services (established calls) are not interrupted,
but service quality deteriorates temporarily. Transient CS services (calls being established
or during handovers) are interrupted. PS services are interrupted temporarily and recover
when upper-layer services (for example, web page browsing) trigger a reestablishment.
When the GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards work in active/standby mode but their ports do not
work in active/standby, port trunking, load sharing, or active/standby route mode, a
switchover between the active and standby boards interrupts services of CS and PS.
Manual Switchover
You can run the DSP OMU command to query the status of data synchronization between the
active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards. Manual switchover can be performed only when the
standby OMUa/OMUc board works properly and the state of data synchronization between the
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Automatic Switchover
The active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
the following conditions is met:
l
The standby OMUa/OMUc board cannot detect the heartbeat information about the active
OMUa/OMUc board for 5 consecutive minutes.
The active OMUa/OMUc board cannot detect the virtual IP address for 3 consecutive
minutes, but the standby OMUa/OMUc board is working properly.
Both the active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards work properly for one period, and no
switchover occurs during the period.
NOTE
By default, the period for automatic switchover between the active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards
is 90 days. You can use the SET ASWPARA command to set the period for automatic switchover.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby OMUa/OMUc boards are switched over, the active OMUa/
OMUc board becomes standby, and the other OMUa/OMUc board becomes active.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby PEUa/PEUc boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
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Automatic Switchover
The active and standby PEUa/PEUc boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
the following conditions is met:
l
The active PEUa/PEUc board resets, but the standby PEUa/PEUc board is working
properly.
The active PEUa/PEUc board is faulty, but the standby PEUa/PEUc board is working
properly.
The port on the active PEUa/PEUc board is faulty, but the port on the standby PEUa/PEUc
board is working properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby PEUa/PEUc boards are switched over, the active PEUa/PEUc board
becomes standby after being reset, and the standby PEUa/PEUc board becomes active.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby POUa/POUc boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby POUa/POUc boards can be automatically switched over only if any of
the following conditions is met:
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The active POUa/POUc board resets, but the standby POUa/POUc board is working
properly.
The active POUa/POUc board is faulty, but the standby POUa/POUc board is working
properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby POUa/POUc boards are switched over, the active POUa/POUc
board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby POUa/POUc board becomes active.
NOTE
If optical ports work in MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby
optical ports according to the MSP protocol after the active and standby POUa/POUc boards are switched
over,
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Manual Switchover
The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and standby SCUa/SCUb boards.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby SCUa/SCUb boards can be switched over only when one of the following
conditions is met:
l
The active SCUa/SCUb board is reset, and the standby SCUa/SCUb board works properly.
The active SCUa/SCUb board is faulty, and the standby SCUa/SCUb board works properly.
The clock source of the active SCUa/SCUb board is faulty, and that of the standby SCUa/
SCUb board works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby SCUa/SCUb boards are switched over, the active SCUa/SCUb
board becomes standby after being reset, and the other SCUa/SCUb board becomes active.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby UOIa/UOIc boards, run the SWP BRD
command.
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The active UOIa/UOIc board resets, but the standby UOIa/UOIc board is working properly.
The active UOIa/UOIc board is faulty, but the standby UOIa/UOIc board is working
properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby UOIa/UOIc boards are switched over, the active UOIa/UOIc board
becomes standby after being reset, and the standby UOIa/UOIc board becomes active.
NOTE
If optical ports work in MSP 1:1 or MSP 1+1 backup mode, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby
optical ports according to the MSP protocol after the active and standby UOIa/UOIc boards are switched
over.
If Logical function type is set to MCP, the boards work in board resource pool mode. MCP refers to mathematics
calculate process.
Manual Switchover
To manually switch over the active and standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards, run the SWP
BRD command.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards can be automatically switched over only if
any of the following conditions is met:
l
The active SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board resets, but the standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board is
working properly.
The active SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board is faulty, but the standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board is
working properly.
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Switchover Process
When the active and standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc boards are switched over, the active SPUa/
SPUb/SPUc board becomes standby after being reset, and the standby SPUa/SPUb/SPUc board
becomes active.
Manual Switchover
The SET MSPCMD command is used to switch over the active and standby optical ports.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby optical ports can be automatically switched over only if any of the
following conditions is met:
l
The active optical port is faulty, but the standby optical port is working properly.
The active board is faulty, but the standby board is working properly.
The optical transmission device connected to the active optical port is faulty, but the optical
transmission device connected to the standby optical port is working properly.
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Switchover Process
When the active and standby optical ports are switched over, the active optical port stops
receiving data and becomes standby, and the original standby optical port starts to receive data
and becomes active.
Manual Switchover
The SWP ETHPORT command is used to switch over the active and standby ports on the
FG2a/FG2c/GOUa/GOUc/GOUe boards.
Automatic Switchover
The active and standby ports can be automatically switched over only if any of the following
conditions is met:
l
The active port is faulty, but the standby port is working properly.
The active board is faulty, but the standby board is working properly.
A fault is detected after a BFD/ARP detection is started by using the STR IPCHK
command with the parameter Whether affect the port swapping set to YES(YES).
Switchover Process
When the active and standby ports are switched over, the active port stops receiving data and
becomes standby, and the original standby port starts to receive data and becomes active.
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Prerequisites
The BSC6900 supports load sharing between FE/GE ports that are located on active and standby
boards. The BSC6900 does not support load sharing between the FE/GE ports on non-active/
standby boards.
The BSC6900 supports load sharing between FE/GE ports that are located on the same board.
The BSC6900 does not support load sharing between active and standby ports.
Working Principles
Ethernet port load sharing can be implemented by configuring multiple routes between FE/GE
ports and the same destination address. The ADD IPRT command can be used to add an IP
route. The IP routes must have the same destination IP address, subnet mask, and priority, but
different next-hop IP addresses.
One data stream is transmitted only through one FE/GE port.
Application Scenario
When the FE/GE ports of the BSC6900 work in load sharing mode, different IP routes must be
configured if the data towards the same destination IP address needs to be transmitted through
different ports. For example, load sharing between two FE/GE ports requires two IP routes.
Prerequisites
The GE/FE port on the FG2c/GOUc/GOUe board supports Ethernet port trunking.
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NOTE
l The BSC6900 does not support Ethernet port trunking on FE/GE ports of boards that do not work in
active/standby mode.
l Ethernet port trunking can be enabled for different ports of a board or on the active and standby ports
on the active and standby boards, respectively.
Working Principles
The ADD ETHTRK and ADD ETHTRKLNK commands are used to establish a trunk group.
The trunk group uses one IP address for external communication.
If a GE/FE link in a trunk group is faulty, data flows carried on the link are automatically switched
to other GE/FE links. All data flows carried by a trunk group use one IP address. Therefore,
faulty links in the group are invisible and they do not affect ongoing services.
Application Scenario
If a pair of FE/GE boards in the BSC6900 work in active/standby mode, Ethernet port trunking
can be configured to work in either active/standby or load sharing mode.
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