272

VOLUME AND CAPACITY (Chapter 12)

Example 8

Self Tutor

Sand from a quarry pours out from a giant hose and forms a conical heap on the ground.
The heap has a base diameter of 25 m and a height of 8:9 m.
a Find the volume of sand in the heap to the nearest m3 .
b Find the total mass (to the nearest 10 tonne) of the sand given that 1 m3 of it
weighs 2:35 tonnes.
The diameter is 25 m, so r = 12:5 .
The height is 8:9 m, so h = 8:9 .
a

Volume
= 13 r 2 h
=

1
3

12:52 8:9

1456:259
1456 m3

Total mass
= number of m3 weight per m3
1456:259 2:35
3422:209
3420 tonne

In b we use the
unrounded
volume from a.

EXERCISE 12D
1 Sugar runs out from a hole in the bottom of a shipping container and forms a conical
heap on the floor. The heap is 2:6 m in diameter and 0:83 m high. Find:
a the volume of the heap of sugar
b the total mass of sugar given that 1 m3 weighs 961 kg
c the total value of the sugar given that 1 kg is worth $0:80 retail price.
2 A cylindrical tank with diameter 3 m contains wine to a depth of 2:3 m. How many
750 mL bottles could be filled with wine from the tank?
3 A rectangular swimming pool 15 m by 6 m will be surrounded by a concrete path 2 m
wide. Find:
a the area of the path
b the cost of concreting to a depth of 10 cm if the concrete costs $165 per cubic metre.
4 How many spherical fishing sinkers with diameter 1 cm could be made by melting a
rectangular block of lead 20 cm by 5 cm by 6 cm and casting the molten product?
5 3 litres of water is poured into a rectangular box container which has a 20 cm by 20 cm
square base. To what height does the water rise?
6 For the three illustrated solids find and compare the ratios of surface area : volume.

10 cm

10 cm

10 cm

10 cm

10 cm

10 cm

273

VOLUME AND CAPACITY (Chapter 12)

Example 9

Self Tutor

Concrete pipes have an internal diameter of 90 cm and an external diameter of 1 m.

The concrete weighs 1:25 tonnes per cubic metre. If each pipe is 3 m long and has a
uniform cross-section, find its weight to the nearest kg.

0.9 m

1m

pipe cross-section

Area of end = area of large circle area of small circle

= (0:5)2 (0:45)2
0:149 23 m2
Keep the accuracy of
Volume = area of end length
answers on your
) V 0:149 23 3 m3
calculator as you work
through the problem.
) V 0:447 68 m3
) weight 0:447 68 1250 kg
559:596 kg
560 kg fnearest kgg

) the weight is approximately 560 kg.

7 Concrete pipes have the dimensions shown:
a Find the area of one end of the pipe.
b Hence, find the volume of one pipe.
c If concrete costs $135 per cubic metre,
find the cost of the concrete needed to make one pipe.

2m
40 cm

30 cm

d If the concrete weighs 2:43 grams per cm3 ,

find the weight of one pipe in kilograms.
8 Fred Cooper has been asked to convene the toffee apple stall at the local school fair. To
estimate the amount of toffee required for 1500 apples, he assumes that each apple is a
sphere of diameter 6 cm and will be entirely coated with toffee to a thickness of 2 mm.
What is the total volume of toffee required?
Example 10

Self Tutor

A sphere has a volume of 200 cm3 . Find its radius.

Volume of sphere = 43 r3
)

rm

3
4

3
4
3 r
3
4
3 r
3

= 200
=

3
4

200 f both sides by 34 g

r = 150
150
) r3 =
47:746:::::

p
3
) r = 47:746::::: 3:628

) the radius is approximately 3:63 cm

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VOLUME AND CAPACITY (Chapter 12)

9 A spherical ball has a volume of 500 cm3 . Find its radius.

10 A cylindrical paint can has base radius 10 cm and volume 1500 cm3 : Find its height.
11 Sand is deposited on a flat surface in a conical heap. How high is the heap if:
a its diameter equals its height and its volume is 1 m3
b its diameter is twice its height and its volume is 5 m3 ?
12 A sphere fits exactly into a cylinder. What fraction of the cylinder
is air? Hint: Let the radius of the sphere be 1 unit.
13 A sphere and a cube have the same volume. Find the ratio of the length of the side of
the cube to the radius of the sphere.
14 A sphere has radius r. A cone has the same base radius as the sphere and height h. If
they have the same volume, find the ratio of h : r.

PROJECT

SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME COMPARISON

PROJECT

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LINKS
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Areas of interaction:
Environments, Approaches to learning

REVIEW SET 12A

1 Convert:
a 95 mm to cm
d 55 000 cm2 to m2

b 4:8 km to m
e 2:5 m3 to cm3

c 18 500 m2 to ha
f 2500 cm3 to L

2 Find the volume of:

a

c
60 cm

20 cm

5 cm

14 cm

18 cm

3 How many metal doorstops 15 cm by 10 cm by 5 cm can be cast from a spherical

ball of metal of diameter 400 mm?