Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Oviedo Romero
Ing. Civil Cod: s3753-2
L = 11 m.
L = 11 m.
1m
bo = 0.65 m
0.25 m
0.15 m
t
h
0.45 m 0.20 m
LLIBRE
1.
LLIBRE
h = altura de la viga
b = ancho de la viga
LLIBRE = luz libre de la losa
t = 0.18 m.
ta = 0.15 m.
u = 0.25 m.
h = 0.82 m.
b = 0.40 m.
N = 3 vigas
Camin HS 20 44 segn la Norma AASHTO - 99
Diseo del puente
AASHTO - 99
Estructuras de hormign armado
ACI - 99
:
:
r = 3 cm.
r = 4 cm.
fc = 250 Kg./cm2
fy = 5000 Kg./cm2
fc = 210 Kg./cm2
fy = 5000 Kg./cm2
r = 5 cm.
Elementos de HA
:
Cabezales y pilotes
Caracterstica del Hormign a los 28 das
:
Limite de fluencia del acero
:
Recubrimientos
:
fc = 210 Kg./cm2
fy = 5000 Kg./cm2
r = 7.5 cm.
W = 7.60 m.
fe = fi
Para la determinacin de los factores de carga interna y externa (fi, fe), la norma
AASHTO estipula el siguiente mtodo aproximado.
2da Condicin
Si son vigas T de Ho Ao
fi = 0.547 s
M2 = 0
Para 3 vigas de Ho Ao
2 a + 2 s = 7.60 m.
fe =
2 s 2a 3
s
a=
7.60 3
= 0.547 s
s
7.6 2(2.9m)
w 2s
=
2
2
s=
4.6
0.547
s = 2.9 m.
a = 0.88 m
3.
fi = 1.48
4.6
4.6
fe =
=
s
2.9
fe = 1.48
L 2.75
18
L = 11 m.
(11m) 2.75
18
h 0.76 m.
h 0.07 L
h 0.77 m
h = 0.8 m.
b = 0.40 m.
Lc = s - b
Lc = 2.9 m - 0.40 m.
Lc = 2.5 m.
Espesor de la losa
Lc 3.05
0.17 m
30
t 0.19 m.
t 0.07 Lc
t 0.2 m.
Lc
15
t 0.2 m.
t = 0.2 m.
Se adopta
(0.2m)(2500 Kg./m3)=
475 Kg./m2
120 Kg./m2
qM = 595 Kg./ m2
MCM = 0.80
q M ( Lc) 2
8
15.24
I = 0.376
Adoptar I= 0.30
Mu = 1.3 M CM M CV M I
5
3
fc = 250 Kg./cm2
d = 20 cm 3 cm 0.6 cm
t = 20 cm
espesor de la losa
d = 16.4 cm
r = 3 cm
recubrimiento de la losa
a d d2
As
2.6144 Mu
f c b
Mu
a
. f y d
2
a = 2.08 cm.
As = 8.82 cm2/m
fy = 5000 Kg./cm2
12 mm c/ 12.50 cm.
As = 9.05 cm2/m
Armadura de distribucin
Cuando la armadura es perpendicular al trfico
As dist =
121
67%
Lc
.
Armadura Colocada en la losa tablero:
Armadura Principal
12 mm c/ 12.5 cm.
As = 9.05 cm2/m
Armadura Distribucin
10 mm c/12.5 cm.
As = 6.28 cm2/m
W = 7.6m
12 mm c/25cm.
12 mm c/25cm.
10 mm c/25cm.
12 mm c/25cm.
10 mm c/12.5 cm.
10 mm c/12.5 cm.
12 mm c/25cm.
12 mm c/25 cm.
10 mm c/25cm.
0.50m
1.00m
b = 0.40m
a = 0.90 m
4.-
1.80m
Lc = 2.50 m
s = 2.90 m
0.50m
0.50m
b = 0.40m
s = 2.90 m
4.1
70 kg./m
30 kg./m
F1M = 100 kg./m
F5M = 72 Kg/m.
P/E
X = 0.30 m.
P = 7260 Kgs
0.30 m
X = 0.30 m
Carga de 1 rueda
Camin HS20 - 44
E = 0.80 X + 1.14 (m)
E = 0.80 (0.30 m) + 1.14
E = 1.38 m
F6V =
7260 Kgs
P
E
1.38m
Acera
Bordillo
Losa exterior :
Capa rodadura:
F5M = 72 Kg./m
Fuerza
Brazo
MCM
(Kg/m)
(m)
(Kg. m / m)
Protectores
F1M = 100
1.45
145.00
Acera
F2M = 224
1.23
298.59
Bordillo
F3M = 220
0.80
176.00
Losa Exterior
F4M = 333
0.35
116.38
Capa de Rodadura
F5M = 72
0.35
25.2
(Kg. m /m)
761.17
Caracterstica
Fuerza
Brazo
(Kg./m.)
(m)
(Kg.m / m)
1er Caso
2do Caso
Barandado vertical
F1V = 150
1.45
217.5
Barandado horizontal
F2V = 300
1.28
382.5
Barandado horizontal
F3V = 450
0.85
380.25
Sobrecarga en acera
F4V = 353
1.13
396.84
396.84
Choque en el bordillo
F5V = 750
0.4
296.25
296.25
Carga de la rueda
F6V = 5261
0.4
2104.35
(Kg.m. / m.)
2797.44
MU = 1.3 M CM
1673.34
5
M CV M I
3
10
Clculo de la Armadura
Caracteristicas losa tablero
d = t r - /2
asumimos = 12 mm
d = 20 cm 3 cm 0.6 cm
d = 16.40 cm
r = 3 cm recubrimiento
t = 20 cm espesor losa
a = d
As
(d ) 2
2.6144( Mu )
f c (b)
Mu
a
( fy ) d
2
Armadura Principal
a = 3.8 cm
As = 4.52 cm2/m
12 mm c/ 25 cm.
As = 4.52 cm2/m
10 mm c/ 25 cm.
As = 3.14 cm2/m
As = 12.18 cm2/m
12 mm c/25 cm
10 mm c/25 cm
12 mm c/25 cm
Brazo
(Kg/m)
(m)
Protectores
F1M = 100
0.75
75.00
Acera
F2M = 224
0.53
127.97
Bordillo
F3M = 220
0.10
22.00
Caracterstica
224.97
Fuerza
Brazo
(Kg/m)
(m)
Barandado vertical
F1V = 150
0.75
112.50
Barandado horizontal
F2V = 300
1.30
390.00
Barandado horizontal
F3V = 450
0.75
337.50
Sobrecarga acera
F4V = 353
0.43
149.92
Choque en el bordillo
F5V = 750
0.4
300.00
Caractersticas
MCV
1289.92
Mu 1.3 M CM ( M CV M I )
3
5.3
MU = 3661.87 Kg.m./ m
Caractersticas del Bordillo
Clculo de la Armadura
d = t r /2
fC = 250 Kg/cm
asumimos = 10 mm.
fy = 5000 Kg/cm
d = 20 cm 3 cm cm
r = 3 cm. Recubrimiento
d = 16.5 cm
t = 20 cm
a=d
(d ) 2
2.6144( Mu )
f c (b)
a = 1.20 cm
b = 0.0198
max = 0.75 b = 0.01485
Mu
As
a
( fy ) d
2
As= 5.12 cm /m
Se recomienda usar
As = 6.28 cm/m
Armadura de Distribucin
Asdist = 0.67 As. = 0.67 (6.28 cm2/m) = 4.21 cm/m.
Se recomienda Usar
As = 5.24 cm/m
DISEO DE LA ACERA
Caracterstica
Protectores
PUENTES CIV 252
Fuerza
Brazo
(Kg/m)
(m)
F1M = 100
0.55
55.00
ING. JUAN CARLOS MOJICA A.
Acera
F2M = 224
0.45
109.69
164.69
Brazo
(Kg/m)
(m)
Barandado vertical
F1V = 150
0.55
82.50
Barandado horizontal
F2V = 300
1.08
322.5
Barandado horizontal
F3V = 450
0.65
292.50
Sobrecarga en acera
F4V = 353
0.23
79.37
Caractersticas
MCV
(Kg.m./ m.)
776.87
Mu 1.3 M CM ( M CV M I )
3
Clculo de la Armadura
d = t r /2
asumimos = 10 mm.
MU = 2259.68 Kg.m./ m.
Caractersticas de la Acera
fC = 250 Kg/cm
fy = 5000 Kg/cm
CARLOS MOJICA A.
r = 3 ING.
cm.JUAN
recubrimiento
t = 15 cm.
espesor acera
d = 11.5 cm.
a=d
As
(d ) 2
2.6144( Mu )
f c (b)
a = 1.08cm
b = 0.0198
max = 0.75 b = 0.01485
Mu
a
( fy ) d
2
As = 4.58 cm2/m
Se recomienda usar
As = 6.28 cm/m
Armadura de Distribucin
Asdist = 0.67 As. = 0.67 (6.28 cm2/m) = 4.21 cm/m.
Se recomienda Usar
10mm c/15 cm.
Detalle del armado de la losa del Bordillo y de la Acera
0.65 m.
As = 5.24 cm/m
0.15 m.
PUENTES CIV 252
Carpeta de rodadura
ING. JUAN CARLOS MOJICA A.
0.25 m.
0.02 m.
0.30 m.
0.18 m.
0.45 m.
0.20 m.
0.125m.
0.125m.
Lc 2.75
18
h 0.07 Lc
Por lo tanto dimensiones de la viga son:
PUENTES CIV 252
h 0.76 m.
h 0.77 m.
h = 0.9 m bw = 0.40 m.
ING. JUAN CARLOS MOJICA A.
b diafragma = 0.20 m
t = 0.2 m
Lc = 11 m
h diafragma = 0.80m
h viga= 0.9m
bw = 0.40m
Caracterstica
qCM
(Kg/m)
Protectores (poste+barandado)
66.67
Aceras
162.50
Bordillo
Capa de Rodadura
182.4
Losa Tablero
1203.33
Nervio de la Viga
710.00
Caracterstica
Diafragma interior
MCM =
q CM ( L) 2 PCM ( L)
8
4
QCM =
qCM ( L) PCM
2
2
q CM (Kg/m)
146.67
2471.57
PCM
(Kg)
441.67.00
+
M = 28644.13 Kg. m.
M = 28644.13 Kg. m.
13814.45 Kg.
+
d = 0.85 m.
L/2 = 5.50 m
13814.45 Kg.
=>
R = 9/4 P
MB = 0
0.715m
B
4.30 m
R = P/4 + P + P
1.43m
X = 1.43 m.
X/2 = 0.715 m.
4.30 m
4.30 m
4.30 m
P
P/4
M max.
3.345 m
1.43m
2.87m
0.715 m
0.715m
R
PUENTES CIV 252
5.50 m
5.50 m
11.00 m
3
2
4.785 m
x L x
2 2.7
L
Camin HS 20-44
6.215 m
1 = 0.27
3 = 0.87
P = 7260 kg
P
1.36 P 3.72 P1.77 Mp = 5.83 P
4
El factor de carga es
fI = 1.48
15.24
Adoptar I = 0.30
4.30 m
4.30 m
2.65 m
3
x L x 3.7515 3.75
L
15
h1 = 2.62
2.81
2
11
.25 CARLOS
6.95MOJICA A.
ING.
JUAN
0.94
2 =
X = 3.75 m
11.25 m
2.81
3
11.25 2.65
0.1
15.00 m
P
0.66 Mp = 4.71 P
4
M P 2.81 P 1.73
El factor de carga es
fI = 1.58
M CV = 32864.01 Kg. m.
P=1
RA
+1
S
x
RB
L-x
LI Qs
Lx
L
L
L
x
L
-1
L
Cortante para x = 0.85 m
P
4.30 m
h1 =
4.30 m
15m 0.85m
Lx
15m
L =
h1 = 0.92
1
0.85m
4.30 m
h2 = 0.53
h3 = 0.14
4.30 m
1.55 m
ING. JUAN CARLOS MOJICA A.
3 =
=>
QP = 1.59 P
=>
x = L/4
P
h1 =
P/4
QCV = 18051.2 Kg
15m 3.75m
Lx
15m
L =
h1 = 0.79
4.30 m
h2 = 0. 399
h3 = 0.1
4.30 m
0.25
X =2.3 m
4.30 m
0.1 m
4.30 m
=>
QP = 1.28 P
=>
7.2
QCV = 13753.34 Kg
Mu 1.3 M CM ( M CV I )
3
Seccin
QCM
X=0m
PUENTES CIV 252
13814.45
QCV+I
24436.25
Qu
78062.27
MCM
MCV+I
Mu
X = 0.85m
13814.45
22209.5
71241.85
14447.75
19924.89
61952.67
X = 2.75m
7155.225 17879.34
49703.44
28644.13
42723.22
207576.92
X = 4.785m
1795.87
11584.5
26848.58
67660.67
53973.10
263043.76
X = 5.50m
248.00
6758.55
14729.50
38597.02
79699.55
261658.43
7.3
at
a>t
b 12 (0.18 m) + (0.40 m)
b 11 m / 4
Adoptamos
b 2.56 m
b 2.75 m
b 2.70 m
b = 2.60 m.
b = 2.60 m
0.85 fc
c = 0.003
t = 0.18 m
C = 0.85 fc a b
a = 1 c
d = 0.85 m
Mu
Mn
h=1m
As
T = As fs
s = fs/Es
= 0.003
bW = 0.40 m
Caracterstica de la Viga
d = h d
fc = 250 kg/cm2
d= 0.15 m
asumido
fy = 5000 kg/cm2
d = 90 cm 15 cm
r = 4 cm
r = recubrimiento
d = 0.75 m.
b = 2.60 m
bW = 0.40 m
2.6144 Mu
f 'c .b
a = 4.98 cm
As
Mu
a
. f y d
2
Usar 15 barras = 25 mm
Cuanta
As
bd
As = 55.12 cm2
As = 73.63 cm2
73.63cm 2
(260cm)(85cm)
0.0033
f'
6090
max 0.75 b 0.75 0.851 c
fy
6090 f y
250kg / cm 2
6090
max 0.75 b 0.75 0.85(0.85)
2
2
5000kg / cm
6090 5000kg / cm
max 0.015
min
14
fy
min
14
(5000kg / cm 2 )
min 0.0028
< 0.015
OK!
Mu = 207576.92 kg. m.
2.6144 Mu
f 'c .b
a 85cm
(85cm) 2
As
2.6144(20757692)
( 250kg / cm 2 ).( 260cm)
a = 5.06 cm
Mu
a
. f y d
2
20757692kg .cm / m
5.06cm
(0.90)(5000kg / cm 2 ) 85cm
Usar 12 barras = 25 mm
As = 55.93 cm2
As = 58.90 cm2
Armadura Principal
= 25 mm.
= 8 mm.
d = h d
d = 85.65 cm.
s = 5 cm.
r = 4 cm.
d = 14.35 cm
cm.
r = 4 cm.
r = 4 cm.
bW = 40 cm.
PUENTES CIV 252
Se verifica que
a<t
C = 0.85 fc a b
T = As fs
fs =
y como C = T entonces:
279565kg
C
=
As
73.63cm 2
fs = 3796.90 kg/cm2
Armadura de Piel
Se recomienda utilizar armadura de piel, debido a la altura de la viga de Ho Ao, esto
con la finalidad de evitar la figuracin lateral
As piel = 10 % As principal
Usar = 10 mm c/15 cm
Verificacin de fisuras
Segn la AASHTO
R = 1.20
( A)(dc )
f `c
Vu = (bw)(d )
Si Vu < Vc
solamente se colocar armadura mnima
Si Vu Vc 2.12 f `c Se deber cambiar la seccin de hormign
La separacin de los estribos rectos esta dada por la siguiente frmula:
s = separacin del estribo recto (cm)
Av = rea de la armadura de corte (cm2) (A estribo)
fy = lmite de fluencia del acero de corte (kg/cm 2)
bw = ancho de la viga (cm)
( Av )( fy )
s = (Vu Vc )(bw)
f `c
max
a) Para x = 0.85 m
Vc = 0.53
Vc = 0.53
f `c
Qu
Vu = (bw)(d )
( Av )( fy )
s = (Vu Vc )(bw)
cm
Qu = 71241.85 kg
Vc = 8.38 kg/cm2
250
71241.85kg
Vu = 24.46 kg/cm2
Vu = 0.85( 40cm)(85.65cm)
s=
(2cm 2 )(5000kg / cm 2 )
( 24.46kg / cm 2 8.38kg / cm 2 )(40cm)
15.54
Se adopta
L/4
b) Para x = 3.75 m
Vc = 0.53
Vc = 0.53
f `c
Qu = 49703.44 kg
250
Vc = 8.38 kg/cm2
49703.44kg
Qu
Vu = (bw)(d )
( Av )( fy )
s = (Vu Vc )(bw)
28.78 cm
s=
( 2cm 2 )(5000 kg / cm 2 )
(17.07 kg / cm 2 8.38kg / cm 2 )(40cm)
Se adopta
c) Para x = 6.785 m
Vc = 0.53
Vu = 17.07 kg/cm2
Vu = 0.85( 40cm)(85.65cm)
f `c
Qu
Vu = (bw)(d )
( Av )( fy )
s = (Vu Vc )(bw)
Qu = 26848.58 kg
Vc = 0.53
Vc = 8.38 kg/cm2
250
26848.58kg
Vu = 9.22 kg/cm2
Vu = 0.85( 40cm)(85.65cm)
s=
( 2cm 2 )(5000kg / cm 2 )
(9.22kg / cm 2 8.38kg / cm 2 )(40cm)
s = 297.74
cm
smax = d/2
Av min=
3.5(bw)( s )
fy
Se adopta
7.5
smax = 85.65cm/2
Av ( fy )
s = 3.5(bw)
smax = 43 cm.
s=
( 2cm 2 )(5000kg / cm 2 )
s = 71 cm.
3.5( 40cm)
Detalle de la Armadura
t = 0.18 m
Estribos
8 mm. c/35 cm.
5 25 mm.
5 25 mm.
5 25 mm.
bw = 40 cm
5 25 mm.
1.95 m
2.00 m
2.10 m
5 25 mm.
5 25 mm.
1.40 m
L = 15 m.
8
8.1
Consideraciones de Prediseo