Colonization Of Australia

By: Arthur Jones, Gary Moss, Andrew Felder, and Avery

Bagley

Political Issues
Due to the Agrarian revolution in Britain, and the population explosion in the cities,
resulted in an increase in crime. As the American Revolution meant that no more convicts
could be sent there, the only way to overcome the overcrowding in the jails was to
establish a penal colony in the land discovered by Captain James Cook. This land that was
discovered, was Australia.

Who Colonized Australia?

Captain James Cook, which originated from Great Britain, first discovered
Australia. Later, Great Britain saw this land as an opportunity to expand and
colonized it.

What allowed Great Britain to Colonize Australia

With a set goal and enough supplies to colonize Australia, the British Government created
what is known today as the First Fleet. The First Fleet set out to sea carrying hundreds to
thousands of people. This fleet was set to travel and arrive at Australia.

When was Australia Colonized?

On January 27, 1788, The First Fleet, lead by Arthur Phillips with ten other fleets
containing around 1,350 people, arrived at Botany Bay in Sydney Cove and began to
colonize Australia.

What was the First Fleet?

The First Fleet was the name given to the first 11 ships that left Great Britain May
13, 1787. They left to find a penal colony that would become the first European
settlement in Australia.
The fleet consisted of two royal naval vessels, three store ships and six convict
transports, carrying more than 1,000 convicts, and a vast quantity of stores.
England - South West Rio de Janeiro - East Cape Town - Greater Southern Ocean Botany Bay - Sydney, Australia
Arriving mid-January 1788, it took 250 to 252 days from depart to arrival.

Why did they Colonize Australia?

Great Britain wanted to expand the British empire and prevent the French from gaining a
foothold in the Australian continent or in the southwest Pacific.
Great Britain needed a port in the East to promote trade with China and to extend its naval
and commercial power.
The continent also had natural resources which England desired.

Where did they Colonize Australia

The arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships occurred in Sydney, New South
Wales which became the penal colony. Later Great Britain began an establishment of other
Australian colonies and the beginnings of representative democratic government occurred.

How did people of Great Britain Treat Aboriginal People ?

Initially, the European explorers had reasonably friendly relations with the Aboriginal
people.
The relationship became hostile when Aboriginal people realized that the colonizers
would seriously disturb their lives.
Lastly, the Aboriginal population was reduced by 90%. Three main reasons for this were
the introduction of new diseases, loss of land and loss of people through direct fighting
with the colonizers.

Aboriginal People in Australia

Bibliography
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Web. 05 Apr. 2016.
"History." - Australian History. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Apr. 2016.
"Australian History Research." Australian History Research. N.p., n.d. Web. 05
Apr. 2016.
NSW Migration Heritage Centre. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Apr. 2016.