TESTNAME: GeneticsReview

TESTID: 1047107
GRADE: 07SeventhGrade
SUBJECT: LifeandPhysicalSciences
TESTCATEGORY: SchoolAssessment

Genetics Review

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Student:
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1. Agenemutatesinatypeofbacteria.Whenthesebacteriareproduceasexually,thismutation

canonlybeinheritedby
A.

differenttypesofbacteria.

B.

cellsinthebacteriathatarenonreproductive.

C.

bacteriacellsthataremissingthegene.

D.

directdescendantsofthebacteria.

2. Whattypesofcellsarefoundonlyinorganismsthatreproducesexually?
A.

bloodcells

B.

neurons

C.

skincells

D.

gametes

3. Whatadvantagedotheoffspringofadandelionhavebyreproducingasexually?
A.

Reproductionoccursrapidly.

B.

Reproductivecompetitionisincreased.

C.

Matingcompatibilyimproves.

D.

Diversityincreasesbetweengenerations.

4. Aparticularpeachtreeproducespeachesthataremoreresistanttodiseasethanotherpeaches.

Whatmethodwouldreproducetheseexactpeaches?
A.

usebeestopollinatetheflowers

B.

reproducebycrosspollinationofdifferentpeachtrees

C.

increasethediversityinthepeachtree

D.

ensurethatthepeachtreereproducesasexually

5. Whichphrasedoesnotdescribeasexualreproductioninorganisms?
A.

requirestwoparents

B.

littlevariationinoffspring

C.

onlyonetypeofcellinvolved

D.

duplicatesitsgeneticmaterial

6. Airpollutioncaninfluenceapersonsqualityoflife.Whichbestidentifiestheinfluenceofair

pollution?
A.

Itisabehavioralinfluence.

B.

Itisageneticinfluence.

C.

Itisanenvironmentalinfluence.

D.

Itisadietaryinfluence.

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7. Belowaresomeinfluencesonapersonsqualityoflife.

InfluencesontheQualityofLife
1 inheritinggeneticdiseases
2 usingtobaccoproducts
3 eatinghealthyfood
4 drinkingcleanwater
Whichisleastcontrolledbyhumanbehavior?
A.

B.

C.

D.

8. Whichbestdescribessexualreproductioninallanimals?
A.

Eggandspermjointogether.

B.

Pollenandseedjointogether.

C.

Offspringhavetraitsofonlyoneparent.

D.

Offspringareidenticaltooneparent.

9. Ratsnakes,Elapheobsolete,areaspeciesmadeofmanydistinctpopulationsindifferentareas.

Eachofthepopulationshasdifferentmarkingsandcolorings.Wherewouldratsnakesmost
likelybegray?
A.

inaforest

B.

inaswamp

C.

inagravelpit

D.

inacornfield

10. Ahumanbodycellhas46chromosomes.Whichdiagramrepresentsmitosisinahumanbody

cell?
A.

B.

C.

D.

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11. Whichofthefollowingisapartoftheprocessofsexualreproduction?
A.

budding

B.

regeneration

C.

pollination

D.

fragmentation

12. Mitosisandmeiosisaresimilarprocesses.Whichbestdescribeswhatcanonlyoccurafter

meiosis?
A.

Parentcellscanbeeitherhaploidordiploid.

B.

Productsofcelldivisionresultinidenticalgenotypes.

C.

Fourdaughtercellsareproducedbyasingleparentcell.

D.

Thenumberofchromosomespernucleusremainsthesameafterdivision.

13. Sicklecellanemiaisageneticdiseasethataffectstheblood.Thetablebelowlistssome

characteristicsofthedisease.
Genotype

Effectson
health?

Canpassa
sicklecell
alleleontochildren?

Resistant
to
cholera?

Resistant
to
malaria?

Homozygous,
normal
(twonormal
alleles)

noeffectonhealth

No

No

No

Heterozygous
(onenormal
alleleandone
sicklecellallele)

noeffectonhealth

Yes

No

Yes

Homozygous
withsicklecell
disease
(twocopiesof
thesicklecell
allele)

canseverelyaffecthealth

Yes

No

No

Peoplewhoarehomozygousforthetraitusuallyhavemanyhealthproblems.Peoplewhohave
onecopyofthesicklecellalleleareusuallyhealthy.Woulditeverbeneficialtohaveonecopy
ofthesicklecellallele?
A.

yes,duringanoutbreakofcholera

B.

yes,duringanoutbreakofmalaria

C.

no,becausethealleledoesnotprotectagainstcholera

D.

no,becausethealleledoesnotprotectagainstmalaria

14. Inordertogrowtwooftheexactsameplants,apersonwouldreproducethemasexually

becausethe
A.

geneticdiversityisgreater.

B.

offspringwouldbegeneticallyidentical.

C.

recessivetraitswouldemerge.

D.

negativetraitsaresuppressed.

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15. Thisdiagramillustratesatypeofreproductiveprocessinanorganism.

Basedonthisinformation,whatconclusionabouttheoffspringlabeledAissupported?
A.

Ithasacquiredtraitsinresponsetoitsenvironment.

B.

IthasalowermassofgeneticmaterialthanoffspringB.

C.

Ithasthesamegeneticmaterialasitsparent.

D.

Ithashalfasmuchgeneticmaterialasitsparent.

16. Someorganismsreproducesexuallywhileotherorganismsreproduceasexually.Whichwould

beanexampleofasexualreproduction?
A.

B.

C.

D.

17. Anorganismstraitsarelargelydeterminedbythegeneticmakeupofitsparents.Amutationin

whichkindsofcellsinaparentcouldcauseanewtraittoappearintheparentsoffspring?
A.

spermoregg

B.

eggornerve

C.

nerveormuscle

D.

muscleorsperm

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18. Bacteriaareorganismsthatreproduceasexually.Whatwouldthetraitsinheritedbyanewly

producedbacteriumbelike?
A.

differentfromthetraitsofthesingleparent

B.

thesametraitsasthesingleparent

C.

differentfromthetraitsoftwoparents

D.

similartraitsastwoparents

19. Iftheweatherpatternschangeandstaycolder,whatisonewayamammalmostlikelywill

adapttothischange?
A.

eatless

B.

hibernate

C.

growathickercoatoffur

D.

increaseitsbodytemperature

20. ResultsfromasimpleheredityinvestigationcanbedisplayedasaPunnettsquare,asaratio,or

asafraction.

Allthreemethodscanbeusedbecause
A.

threeresultsarepossiblefromasimplehereditaryinvestigation.

B.

threegenerationsofoffspringcanbeproducedinasimplehereditaryinvestigation.

C.

allthreemethodscanbeusedtoshowadifferentvariationintheresults.

D.

allthreemethodscanbeusedtoshowthesameinformation.

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21. Insomeplants,redflowersaredominant(R)andwhiteflowersarerecessive(r).Twoplantsare

crossedandtheoffspringhaveapossibilityof redflowersand whiteflowers.WhichPunnett

squareshowsthecrossanditsoffspring?
A.

B.

C.

D.

22. Whichstatementmostaccuratelydescribestheinfluencesonapersonslengthoflifeand

qualityoflife?
A.

Genesalonedetermineboththelengthandqualityoflife.

B.

Behaviorsalonedetermineboththelengthandqualityoflife.

C.

Bothbehaviorsandgenesinfluencethelengthandqualityoflife.

D.

Neithergenesnorbehaviorsinfluencethelengthorqualityoflife.

23. AlleleAisdominantinmiceandalleleaisrecessive.TwomicewiththegenecombinationAa

breedandproducefouroffspringasshownbelow.

Whichoffspringhastherecessivephenotype?
A.

B.

C.

D.

24. Whichofthefollowingdescribesasexualreproduction?

A.

theprocessofmeiosisinafruitfly

B.

fertilizationofachickenegg

C.

binaryfissioninanamoeba

D.

theprocessofembryodevelopmentinamouse

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25. Adiagramofahomologouspairofrabbitchromosomesisshown.Homologouspairsof

chromosomescodeforthesametraitsandlookalike.

Inwhichcellisthereisanabsenceofhomologouschromosomes?
A.

bone

B.

gamete

C.

liver

D.

skin

26. Achildssexisdeterminedbythesexchromosomesofwhichperson?
A.

grandfather

B.

grandmother

C.

mother

D.

father

27. Amainadvantagetoorganismsthatreproducesexuallyis
A.

beingabletoconserveenergy.

B.

havinglargenumbersofoffspring.

C.

greatergeneticdiversity.

D.

longerlifespans.

28. Whenafernreproduceswithspores,theoffspring
A.

willbegeneticallyidenticaltotheparentplant.

B.

willbebetterabletoadapttotheenvironment.

C.

willhavehalfthegeneticmaterialsoftheparentplant.

D.

willhavetwicethegeneticmaterialsoftheparentplant.

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29. Potatoesreproducebygrowingsproutsontheirsurfacesasshown.

Whenplanted,thesesproutsgrowintonewplants.Thisisanexampleof
A.

seedproduction.

B.

fertilization.

C.

pollination.

D.

asexualreproduction.

30. Inonebreedofdog,shorthairisthedominantallele(H)whilelonghairistherecessiveallele

(h).

Ifbothparentshaveshorthairandtheoffspringhaslonghair,whichstatementbestdescribes
thegeneticcharacteristicsoftheoffspring?
A.

Theoffspringreceivedmutatedgenesfrombothparents.

B.

Theoffspringreceivedonerecessiveallelefromeachparent.

C.

Theoffspringreceivedonedominantallelefromeachparent.

D.

Theoffspringreceivedadominantandrecessiveallelefrombothparents.

31. Meiosisisatypeofcelldivisioninwhichgermcellsdividetoproducehaploidcells.Where

doesmeiosisoccur?
A.

braincells

B.

bonecells

C.

musclecells

D.

ovarycells

32. Whichisthegreatestbenefitofsexualreproduction?
A.

capableofreproducingbymeiosis

B.

abilitytoreproducewithoutamate

C.

abilitytoproducegeneticallydifferentoffspring

D.

capableofproducingoffspringgeneticallyidenticaltoparent

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33. Inagerbilpopulation,thegeneforcoarsehair(H)isdominant,whilethegeneforsmoothhair

(h)isrecessive.Onepetstorefoundthatmostoftheircustomerswantcoarsehairedgerbils.
Whichcrossbetweenmaleandfemalegerbilswillproducethegreatestnumberofcoarse
hairedoffspring?
A.

B.

C.

D.

34. Onionscanreproducefrombulbs.Oneparentbulbgeneratesdaughterbulbswithduplicate

geneticinformation.Whichisthemostlikelyadvantageofthiskindofreproduction?
A.

Populationsizeremainsconstant.

B.

Beneficialmutationsareinevitable.

C.

Geneticvariationismaximized.

D.

Largequantitiesofindividualscanbeproducedrapidly.

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35. Thegametesofhumanmalesandfemaleshavethesamenumberofchromosomes.Whichbest

describeswhathappenstothechromosomeswhentypicalmaleandfemalegametescombine
toproduceoffspring?
A.

Thechromosomeschangeshape.

B.

Thenumberofchromosomesdoubles.

C.

Thechromosomesbecomelargerinsize.

D.

Thenumberofchromosomesreducesbyhalf.

36. WhichplantcellscontainhalftheDNAfromoneparentplant?
A.

xylemandphloem

B.

pollenandovule

C.

epidermisandmesophyll

D.

pithandcambium

37. AparentcellincludestheallelesBandbforatrait.Whenthecelldivides,eachdaughtercell

inheritsoneallele.

Whatdoesthisprocessindicateabouttheorganismfromwhichtheparentcelloriginated?
A.

itisafemale

B.

itisunicellular

C.

itreproducessexually

D.

itisgeneticallydiverse

38. Alloftheinheritedtraitsthatarepassedtooffspringduringasexualreproductioncomefroma

single
A.

egg.

B.

sperm.

C.

virus.

D.

parent.

39. Aredfloweredplant(RR)iscrossedwithawhitefloweredplant(WW)andproducesplantswith

pinkflowers(RW).Iftwopinkfloweredplantsarecrossed,whatcoloroffspringcouldbe
produced?
A.

red,white,andpink

B.

redandwhite

C.

pinkandred

D.

pinkandwhite

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40. Anadvantageofasexualreproductionisthatitdoesnotrequirefertilization.Whatadvantage

dotheoffspringofsexualreproductionmostlikelyhaveasaresultoffertilization?
A.

TheDNAvariationinoffspringmayallowsurvivalinachangingenvironment.

B.

TheDNAoftheoffspringisthesameastheparent.

C.

Theoffspringmustuseenergytofindamate.

D.

Theoffspringareidentical.

41. Whenaneggandspermformanembryo,theoffspringthatisformedwillhavegenetictraits

thatare
A.

inheritedfromonlyoneparent.

B.

createdbytheenvironment.

C.

passedonfromtwoparents.

D.

learnedfromsiblings.

42. Inapopulationofcats,thegeneforlonghair(H)isdominantandthegeneforshorthair(h)is

recessive.Abreedercrossesaheterozygouslonghairedmalewithahomozygousshorthaired
female.

Inalitteroffourkittens,whatpercentageshouldthebreederexpecttohavelonghair?
A.

25%

B.

50%

C.

75%

D.

100%

43. Organismsthatreproduceasexuallygenerallyhaveoffspringthatare
A.

unicellular.

B.

multicellular.

C.

geneticallyvaried.

D.

geneticallyidentical.

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44. Asnapdragonplantwithredflowers(RR)iscrossedwithasnapdragonplantwithwhiteflowers

(WW).Snapdragonflowersshowincompletedominance.Apunnetsquareofthecrossisshown
below.

Ifthecrossproducesfouroffspring,howmanyofeachcolorflowerwouldlikelybeproduced?
A.

fourredflowers

B.

fourpinkflowers

C.

tworedflowersandtwopinkflowers

D.

twowhiteflowersandtwopinkflowers

45. Whichprocessoccursduringmeiosisthatcontributestoagermcellhavinguniquegenetic

material?
A.

transcription

B.

replication

C.

crossingover

D.

spindleformation

46. Somefungicanreproduceeitherasexuallyorsexually,resultinginoffspringwithdifferent

characteristics.Sexuallyproducedoffspringhave
A.

acomplexlevelofcellorganization.

B.

anumberoforganellesineachcell.

C.

alesserriskofhavingmutationsthanasexuallyproducedoffspring.

D.

acombinationofgeneticmaterialfromeachparentcell.

47. Whatcancauseanoffspringtohaveaphysicaltraitneitherofitsparentshas?
A.

amutationinaparentsbodycell

B.

amutationinaparentssexcell

C.

thenaturalselectionofatrait

D.

theartificialselectionofatrait

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48. UsethePunnettsquaretoanswerthequestionthatfollows.

Inamonohybridcrossbetweentwoorganismsheterozygousforaparticulartrait(Ff),what
wouldbethepredictedratiooftheoffspring'sgenotypes?
A.

1FF:3Ff:1ff

B.

1FF:2Ff:1ff

C.

2FF:2Ff

D.

3Ff:1ff

49. Plantscanreproducesexuallyandasexually.Ifoneoffspringisproducedsexuallywhilethe

otherisproducedasexually,whatwillonlythesexuallyproducedoffspringhave?
A.

bothinheritedandacquiredtraits

B.

anewcombinationoftraits

C.

beneficialgenetictraits

D.

acompletesetoftraits

50. Whydoessexualreproductionresultinmoregeneticdiversitythanasexualreproduction?
A.

Traitsfromtwoparentsarecombined.

B.

Moreorganismsreproducethisway.

C.

Offspringgrowindifferentenvironments.

D.

Offspringcomefromidenticalparents.

51. Abacteriumcanreproducequicklybysplittingintotwocells.Whichofthesebestdescribesthe

geneticmakeupoftheresultingtwocells?
A.

Theyhavethesameamountofgeneticmaterialandareidentical.

B.

Theyhavethesameamountofgeneticmaterialbutarenotidentical.

C.

Theyhavehalftheamountofgeneticmaterial,whichgrowsinsize.

D.

Theyhavehalftheamountofgeneticmaterial,butthenitduplicatesitself.

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52. Therearefourbloodtypes:A,B,AB,andO.ThegenesforbothAandBbloodtypesare

dominantoverO.

WhatistheprobabilityofafatherwithbloodtypeOandamotherwithbloodtypeABproducing
achildwithbloodtypeO?
A.

0%

B.

25%

C.

75%

D.

100%

53. Vertebrateanimalsproduceoffspringbysexualreproduction.Whichisanadvantageofthis

typeofreproduction?
A.

Timeandenergyisusedtofindamateinthepopulation.

B.

Thereisincreasedgeneticdiversitywithinthepopulation.

C.

Theoffspringgrowsfasterthanonethatisproducedasexually.

D.

TheoffspringreceivesitsDNAfromoneparentandisidenticaltothatparent.

54. Whathastohappenforaninheritedtraittoincreaseinapopulation?
A.

Organismswiththetraitneedtolivelongerlivesthanorganismswithoutthetrait.

B.

Organismswiththetraitneedtobearmoreoffspringthanorganismswithoutthetrait.

C.

Organismswiththetraitneedtohavemoresiblingsthanorganismswithoutthetrait.

D.

Organismswiththetraitneedtogrowbiggerbodiesthanorganismswithoutthetrait.

55. Whichofthefollowingisaresultoftheexchangeofhomologouschromosomepartsduringthe

processofmeiosis?
A.

randommutations

B.

decreasedgametenumber

C.

offspringwithuniquecombinationsoftraits

D.

decreasednumberofallelesoneachchromosome

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