fticurta'c /

rt (
ctnp t
'
lt'q
etan

Zakiya Tottress
Jose Gonzalez

Tierney Smith
Janette Ibarra
Jacqueline Lopez

Math 107-MW
Professor: Delaby

5
,/

Portfolio l: Base Five

Additton
Example

l:

Compute 42s +121s

When adding an addition problem in base 5 there are units, longs, flats and cubes. Units are
singles one long consists of5 units one flat consist of five flats. So when adding 42smd l2ls
you are essentially adding 4 longs and 2 units to I flat 2 longs and I unit. So when combining
you are essentially left with I flat 6 longs and 3 units. But since 5 longs equal I flat. The actual
result is 2 flats I long and 3 units. Answer 2l3s

ih
[[l

Answer: 2l3s
Example 2:

Whenaddingtwodigitbase5numbersyouhavetocombinealltheblocks'itisverysimple.In
zt4 base 5 means 4longs and 4 units or in other
this problernwe have 44 base 5 + 34 base 5'
wordssinglesand34base5consistsof3logsand4sing|es.Whenaddingthisyouhavetoput
adding you will be with 7 logs and 8
the blocks together and combine. For this problem when
one flat and 5 singles become one
singles. When combining once you get to 5 logs they become
log.FromthoseTlogswegetoneflatandareleftwithtwologs.Whencombiningthesing|eswe
133 base 5. Meaning I
g"l on" log and 3 singles. when you add them all together they become
flat, 3 logs and 3 singles.

,l

lt1!j-)

-'f,.f i
;-tl-;

r"I F

L-]

t. I
l_r

tl

f ,

l-1;': '-

-:'i

il

i-:l:;1

tn ia

fif-:

71)1,

.__).

l-:,:--1

r-,-l

rT,

.:_)

E il

a-T:1

t-r r ;-i-l
rl TTTI
3

'

tl

Nof

eLtn4_

rl

wl

Example 3:

Base5additionisaverysimpletaskthatrequiresuStouseb|ockslikeinelementaryschool.

problem is 4 base 5 + 3 base 5'

This addition is a simple one using one unit blocks. The addition

ForthisproblemyouhavetograbTlittleunitblocksandaddthemtogether.Whenyoureachthe
log, a log is just a long black made
number five on your unit blocks that automatically becomes a
little units extra' The answer at the
up of 5 little uniis. In this problem you would be left with two
end would be 12 base 5 meaning

log and two units/singles-

Exemple

l:

Compute 42s - l3s

There are 4 longs and 2 units and then there are is I long and 3units. This equals 42s-13:. You
subtract the I long and the 3 units from the 4 longs and 2 units. So therefor I kept 3 longs and I
tumed the next I long into 5 units which equals 4 units and then I still have 2 units this makes
42s. T\en I subtract I long and 3 units. Which makes 2 longs left and 3 units left over. The
answer is 23s

arr=

ffi

g
,,,

[--l_,_,_,

Answer: 2{s

,rr:

Example 2:
There is I flat I long and 0 units this equals 1105. Then there is 3 longs and 2 units which equals
32s. You now subtract 3 longs and 2 units from I flat I long and 0 units. I then broke the I flat
into 5 separate longs. And then the one long into five units. Now don't forget about the I flat.
This makes 5 longs and 5 units that equals I l0s. You can now subtract 3 longs and 2 units llom
l 105 Finally there is 2 longs and 3 units left. So the answer is 23s.

Compute I

105

325

n,,i,i,",,*,"

Answer: 23s

Example 3:
Subtractins in base 5:
Subtracting in base 5 is easy when you use your blocks! Say we were subtracting 12 ftom 42We would look at number 42 and recognize that 42 is equal to 4 longs and 2 individual squares.

After we place our 42 squares infront of us, we would look at number 12 mentally. we know that
12 is I long and 2 individual squares. That being said, we would take I long and 2 individual

4longs and 2 individual squares that we have laid infront ofus to represent 42.
We would be left with 3 longs and 0 individual squares' so our answer would = 30 five'
squares from the

Notice: It may be necessary to break down a flat into 5 longs, or take one long and break it down
into 5 individual squares during the subtraction process. Say you took 42 and wanted to subtract Hhoo
14. In the 4 longs and 2 individual squares that you have, you cannot take away 4 individual
squares. Instead, you would lay out 3 longs and 7 individual squrres, so that you could take away
4 individual squares and the I long from 14. This would leave you with 23, or 2 longs and 3

'fu*'

individual squares. See? Easy!

( Again, this method could be used for base 12 as long as we realize that 12 individuals=l long,
12 longs: l flat, and 12 flats= l BIG)

Multiplication

Example

l:

Compute 32sx 33s

We first need to recognize the numbers place: singles, tens, hundreds, thousands, etc. We also
need to recognize that since we are in base five, the number system only goes from 0-4. So when
you are computing and end up with five ofa kind, we need to convert those 5 into I in the
preceding numbers place, i.e. 5 singles= I long, 5 longs= I flat, 5 flats: I square, and so forth'

so to solve a multiplication problem we need to set up a graph, putting one number, in this case
32s, in the outside of the graph at the top and the other number, 33s in the outside but on the left
side. We then multiply each individual shape with each other. A long x lon5 I flat, a long x an
individual square= I long, an individual square x an individual square = an individual square.

multiply the equation, we are left with 6 units, 15 longs, and 9 flats, But since we
cannot have five ofa kind, we need to convert some ofthe shapes to the preceding place.
we have 6 units. we will convert 5 units into I lone, and we are Ieft with I unit. so having made
another long, we have l6 lones in total, we will convert 15 longs into 3 flats, and we are left with
I long, Having made 3 more flats we will add these 3 to the 9 that we already had, so 12 flats
total, l0 ofthese flats will be converted to 2 cubes, we are left witl 2llats and 2 cubes.
So when we

ln the end we have 2 cubes, 2 flats, I long, and I unit, and it would look like this: 221ls.

ffi
ffi

|-------'----.-.-]r---.i----__-l

tr

o (------7/_-|

f------c---------

n
Answer: 221

15

Example 2:
How to Multiply in base 5 (or any other base):
To multiply in base 5, you must fint separate the numbers into single digits, "tens"
place,"hundreds"place, and "thousands"place. These are not very appropriate names in base 5,
but when you're leaming, it's easier to relate it to what you already know than to try and come
up with new names for the Places.
EX: If we were multiplying 42 x 12, we must recogni ze tha't 42 has a 4 in the "tens" column and
2 in the single digits place. Because ofthis, we will recognize that any number in the "tens"
column signifies how many longs we will have, and any number in the single digits place will
reprsent how many individual squares we have. ( Remember: in base 5, 5 individual squares = I
long, 5 longs= I flat)

I
That being said, the problem 42X 12 would =
Because the 4 longs (in 42) and the I long (in

I flat and 4 individual squares. Why one flat?

l2): 5 longs which =l flat.

We would set up a diagram to do the rest. Start with the number 42 and lay out 4 longs and 2
individual squares horizontally ( like a graph). Then, we would use I 2 and lay out I long and 2
individual squares vertically. After we have set up the diagram, we would fill out the "graph"
much like we would a multiplication chart, except with shapes. A long x lon5 I flat, a long x an
individual square: I long, an individual square x an individual square = an individual square.
The diagram would look like this:

(421=

,,rr:l

tl

!
tr

After you have set up the diagram, you then would count only the types of squares inside ofthe
boundaries, not the original 42 across and l2 down.
By the diagram we can see that we have:
4 flats, l0 long, and 4 individual squares. Since ever 5th typF the next level up, l0 longs is
actually equal to 2 flats.
Our new numbers are 6 flats,0 long, and 4 individual squares. And again, you can't have 5 or
more ofany single type, so we then would have I Big "thousands place", I flat, 0 long, and 4

individual squares.
How would you write this answer?
In the same order as we wrote it out, I 104 five
Tada! We 're done!

Theblockmethodofmultiplyingcanbeusedwithanybase!|fwewereusingbasel2,
we would

simplyrecognizethat12individualsquares:llong,12longs=1flat,and12flats=IBIG'
Example 3: 22s x

4s

number system is
When multiplying in base 5, we need to acknowledge and know the
go: 0' 1'2' 3,4'
would
those between 0 inA +. So in a number line for base 5 the numbers
in
io, tt, tz, 13,14,20,21,22,23,24,30'and so on' Therefore, when a number results
place.
lf
the
numbers
the
on
5+'it will ihen become either I long, 1 flat, etc, depending
place,
in the ones place, it me;s that 5units become 1 long, or if it's in the tens

nu.u",. i,

then 5 longs become I flat and it goes on'

side we set up
ln the graph below, we set up 22s which is 2 longs and 2 units, then on the
(2x2,2x4)
the
+, *nir,i*t."ans 4 single units. when each is multiplied individually
in the graph'
result the"n becomes that o18 longs and 8 units which is demonstrated

remember we are
Though the result is 8 longs and 8 units' we are not ye1 done' we must
and 5 longs =l
long
I
rnuitiitving in base 5. which would conclude that since 5units=
nrt, s'"rtr,i g longs would become I flat and 5 of the units become I long. So, in
it wou'id be | flat, 4 longs, and 3 units left. And therefore concludes that 22s
"on"turion,
multiplied by 4s results in 143s.

tr
4s:

!
tr

ilffiffilill
!!trn
!tr!n
l43s