BS en ISO 5817 2014 Welding. Fusion-Welded Joints (Beam Welding Excluded) - Quality Levels For Imperfections Ref Only

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed
BS EN ISO 5817:2014
BSI Standards Publication
Welding Fusion-welded
joints in steel, nickel, titanium
and their alloys (beam welding
excluded) Quality levels for
imperfections
Reference to
ISO65201
Imperfection
designation
2017
2025
401
4021
1.4
1.5
1.6
104
100
1.3
1.2
1.1
Incomplete
root penetration
Micro lack of
fusion
Lack of fusion
(incomplete
fusion)
End crater
pipe
Surface pore
Crater crack
Crack
1Surface imperfections
No.
butt welds
Only for single side butt welds
Only detectable by micro examination
fillet welds
butt welds
Maximum dimension of a single pore for
fillet welds
Maximum dimension of a single pore for
Remarks
0,5
0,5
0,5
>3
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
Permitted
Not permitted
Short imperfections:
Not permitted
h0,2 t but max. 2mm
Permitted
Not permitted
h0,2 t, but max. 2mm h0,1 t, but max. 1mm
Not permitted
d0,3 a, but max. 3mm d0,2 a, but max. 2mm
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
B
Not permitted
Limits for imperfections for quality levels
d0,3 s, but max. 3mm d0,2 s, but max. 2mm
0,5 to 3 h0,2 t
>3
d0,3 a
d0,3 s
Not permitted
D
Not permitted
0,5 to 3
0,5
0,5
mm
Table1 Limits for imperfections
6
1.9
1.8
1.7
No.
502
5013
5012
5011
Reference to
ISO65201
Excess weld
metal (butt
weld)
Shrinkage
groove
Intermittent
undercut
Continuous
undercut
Imperfection
designation
Smooth transition is required.

This is not regarded as a systematic imperfection.
Remarks
D
0,5
>3
B
Not permitted
h1mm + 0,25 b, but

max. 10mm
h1mm + 0,15 b, but

max. 7mm
h0,2 t, but max. 2mm h0,1 t, but max.1mm
h0,1 t
h1mm + 0,1 b,but max.

5mm
h0,05 t, but max.
0,5mm
Not permitted
h0,2 t, but max. 1mm h0,1 t, but max. 0,5mm h0,05 t, but max.
0,5mm
0,5 to 3 Short imperfections:

h0,2mm + 0,1 t
>3
h0,1 t

h0,2 t
mm
503
504
1.11
Reference to
ISO65201
1.10
No.
Excess penetration
Excessive convexity (fillet

weld)
Imperfection
designation
Remarks
>3
h1mm + 1,0 b, but

max. 5mm
h1mm + 0,1 b
h1mm + 0,1 b, but

max. 3mm
h1mm + 0,6 b, but max. h1mm + 0,2 b,but

4mm
max. 3mm
h1mm + 0,3 b
h1mm + 0,15 b, but

max. 4mm

h1mm + 0,25 b, but
max. 5mm
0,5 to 3 h1mm + 0,6 b
0,5
mm
8
511
509
506
1.13
1.14
505
Reference to
ISO65201
1.12
No.
Incompletely
filled groove
Sagging
Overlap
Smooth transition is required
1 and 2
>3
h0,25 t, but max.
2mm
h0,1 t, but max. 1mm
h0,1 t
Not permitted
100
90
h0,2 b
110
D
90
h0,05 t, but max.
0,5mm
Not permitted
Not permitted
110
150

h0,25 t
0,5
0,5
fillet welds
mm
t
0,5
Remarks
Incorrect weld butt welds

toe
Imperfection
designation
1.17
1.16
1.15
No.
515
512
510
Reference to
ISO65201
0,5
mm
>3
h0,1 t
h2mm + 0,15 a
Not permitted
h0,2 t, but max. 2mm h0,1 t, but max. 1mm
h2mm + 0,2 a
Not permitted
h0,05 t, but max.
0,5mm
Not permitted
h1,5mm + 0,15 a
B
Not permitted
0,5 to 3 h0,2mm + 0,1 t
In cases where an asymmetric fillet weld has not 0,5

been prescribed.
Remarks
Root concavity Smooth transition is required.
Excessive
asymmetry
of fillet weld
(excessive
unequal leg
length)
Burn through
Imperfection
designation
10
5213
1.20
5214
517
1.19
1.21
516
Reference to
ISO65201
1.18
No.
Excessive
throat thickness
Insufficient
throat thickness
Poor restart
Root porosity
Imperfection
designation
The actual throat thickness of the fillet weld is

too large.
0,5
>3
0,5
0,5
mm
t
D
The limit depends on

the type of imperfection occurred due to
restart.
Permitted
Locally permitted
Permitted
h0,3mm + 0,1 a, but
max. 2mm
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
h1mm + 0,2 a, but max. h1mm + 0,15 a, but

4mm
max. 3mm
h0,3mm + 0,1 a, but
max. 1mm
h0,2mm
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not applicable to processes with proof of greater 0,5 to 3 Short imperfections:

depth of penetration
h0,2mm + 0,1 a
Spongy formation at the root of a weld due to

bubbling of the weld metal at the moment of
solidification (e. g. lack of gas backing)
Remarks
601
602
610
1.23
1.24
Reference to
ISO65201
1.22
No.
Temper colour
(Discolouration)
Spatter
Stray arc
Imperfection
designation
Remarks
0,5
0,5
0,5
mm
Acceptance depends
on application, e.g.
material, corrosion
protection
Acceptance depends
on application, e.g.
material, corrosion
protection
Permitted, if the properties of the parent

metal are not affected.
Acceptance depends on
application, e.g. material, application, e.g. material,
corrosion protection
Not permitted
application, e.g. material, application, e.g. material,
Not permitted
11
12
Reference to
ISO65201
Imperfection
designation
2011
2.3
2012
1001
100
2.2
2.1
Uniformly
distributed
porosity
Gas pore
Microcracks
Cracks
2Internal imperfections
No.
Permitted
type of parent metal
with particular reference to crack sensitivity
fillet welds
butt welds
b)Maximum dimension for a single pore for
0,5
a2)Maximum dimension of the cross-sectional 0,5

area of the imperfections (inclusive of systematic
imperfection) related to the fracture area (only
applicable to test pieces: production test, welder
or procedure qualification tests)
NOTEThe porosity in the project area depends

on the numbers of layers (volume of the weld).
a1)Maximum dimension of the area of the

0,5
imperfections (inclusive of systematic imperfection) related to the projected area
1,5%
For multi-layer:3%
d0,4 a, but max. 5mm d0,3 a, but max. 4mm
d0,4 s, but max. 5mm d0,3 s, but max. 4mm
2,5%
For multi-layer:5%
For single layer:2,5% For single layer:1,5%
B
Not permitted
d0,2 a, but max. 3mm
d0,2 s, but max. 3mm
1%
For multi-layer:2%
For single layer:1%
type of parent metal with
particular reference to
crack sensitivity
Not permitted
The following conditions and limits for imperfections shall be fulfilled. See also AnnexA for
information.
0,5
Not permitted
0,5
mm
All types of crack except microcracks and crater

cracks
A crack usually only visible under the microscope (50)
Remarks
2.4
No.
2013
Reference to
ISO65201
Clustered
(localized)
porosity
Imperfection
designation
dA corresponds to dA1, dA2 or dAC , whichever is

applicable.
Systematic cluster porosity is not permitted.
If D is less than dA1 or dA2, whichever is smaller,

then the total gas pore area is represented by a
circle of diameter dAC , where dAC=dA1 + dA2 + D.
A permitted porous area shall be local. The possibility of the pore cluster masking other imperfections shall be taken into consideration.
The requirement for a single gas pore shall be

met by all the gas pores within this circle.
The total gas pore area within the cluster is represented by a circle of diameter dA surrounding
all the gas pores.
Reference length for lp is 100mm.
Remarks
0,5
mm
dA, maxwp
dA, maxwp
or
dA20mm
dA25mm
or
dA, maxwp/2
or
B
dA15mm
13
14
2.5
No.
2014
Reference to
ISO65201
Linear porosity
Imperfection
designation
For case 2: d1 + d2 + D=h
For case 1: d1=h
Reference length for lp is 100mm.
Case2 (D<d2)
0,5
fillet welds
Case1 (D>d2)
0,5
mm
butt welds
Remarks
C
la, but max. 75mm
la, but max. 50mm
ls, but max. 50mm
h0,4 a, but max. 4mm h0,3 a, but max. 3mm
ls, but max. 75mm
h0,4 s, but max. 4mm h0,3 s, but max. 3mm
la, but max. 25mm
h0,2 a, but max. 2mm
ls, but max. 25mm
B
h0,2 s, but max. 2mm
Oxide inclusions
fillet welds
Flux inclusions
302
303
butt welds
The larger value of h or l will be measured

0,5
0,5
>3
fillet welds: h0,4 a,

but max. 4mm
butt welds: h0,4s, but

max. 4mm
Short imperfections
permitted, but not
breaking of the surfaces:
la, but max. 75mm
ls, but max. 50mm
la, but max. 75mm
la, but max. 50mm
ls, but max. 75mm
h or l0,2 t, but max.

2mm
Not permitted
Not permitted
la, but max. 50mm
ls, but max. 50mm
ls, but max. 75mm
la, but max. 25mm
ls, but max. 25mm
Not permitted
Not permitted
la, but max. 25mm
ls, but max. 25mm
B

0,5 to 3 h or l0,2 t
0,5
0,5
fillet welds
mm
t
0,5
Remarks
butt welds
Solid inclusions
Slag inclusions
Crater pipe
Shrinkage cavity
Wormholes
Elongated cavity
Imperfection
designation
300
301
2024
2.8
2.9
202
2.7
2016
2015
Reference to
ISO65201
2.6
No.
15
16
Lack of interrun fusion
Lack of root
fusion
4012
4013
Lack of fusion
(incomplete
fusion)
Lack of side
wall fusion
401
4011
2.12
Copper inclusions
3042
2.11
Metallic inclusions other

than copper
Imperfection
designation
304
Reference to
ISO65201
2.10
No.
fillet welds
butt welds
Remarks
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
mm
t
C
fillet welds: h0,4 a

but max. 4mm
butt welds: h0,4s, but

max. 4mm
Short imperfections
permitted:
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted

Not permitted
Not permitted
B
h0,2 s,but max. 2mm


2.13
No.
402
Reference to
ISO65201
Lack of penetration
Imperfection
designation
Butt joint (full penetration)
Butt joint (partialpenetration)
T-joint (partial penetration)
T-joint (fillet weld)
Remarks
0,5
0,5
>0,5
mm
Short imperfection:
T-joint: h0,2a, but

max. 2mm
butt joint: h0,2s or i,
but max. 2mm
Short imperfection:
Not permitted
fillet joint: h0,1 a, but

max. 1,5mm
butt joint: h0,1s or i,
but max. 1,5mm
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
17
18
Reference to
ISO65201
Imperfection
designation
3.2
3.1
Transversely
circular welds
at cylindrical
hollow sections
5072
mm
h0,25 t
but max. 5mm
h0,2mm + 0,15 t
Circumferential welds
Plates and longitudinal welds
>3
0,5
>3
h1mm + 0,3 a,
but max. 4mm
h0,5mm + 0,2 a,
but max. 3mm
h0,3mm + 0,1 a
h0,5t, but max. 4mm h0,5 t, but max. 3mm
0,5 to 3 h0,2mm + 0,25 t
h0,2mm + 0,1 t
h0,5mm + 0,1 a,
but max. 2mm
h0,2mm + 0,1 a
The limits relate to deviations from the correct

position. Unless otherwise specified, the correct
position is that when the centrelines coincide
(see also Clause1). t refers to the smaller thickness.
Remarks
Incorrect root Gap between the parts to be joined. Gaps exceed- 0,5 to 3 h0,5mm + 0,1 a
gap for fillet
ing the appropriate limit may, in certain cases, be
welds
compensated for by a corresponding increase in
the throat thickness.
Linear misalignment
between plates
5071
617
Linear misalignment
507
3Imperfections in joint geometry
No.
Reference to
ISO65201
Imperfection
designation
4.1
None
Multiple
imperfections
in any cross
section
4Multiple imperfections
No.

h1 + h2 + h3=h
h1 + h2 + h3 + h4=h
Remarks
>3
h0,3 t or0,2 a
h0,4 t or0,25a
Maximum total height of

imperfections:
Not permitted
h0,2 t or0,15 a
Maximum total height of

imperfections:
B
Not permitted
Maximum total height

of imperfections:
0,5 to 3 Not permitted
mm
19
20
4.2
No.
None
Reference to
ISO65201
Projected or
cross-sectional area in
longitudinal
direction
Imperfection
designation
See also AnnexA for information.
If D is smaller than the shorter length of one of

the neighbouring imperfections, the full connection of the two imperfections shall be applied to
the sum of imperfections (case2).
The sum of the areas hl shall be calculated

as a percentage to the evaluation area lpwp
(case1).
h +h
h1 l1 + h2 l 2 + 2 3 D + h3 l 3 = h l
2
Case2 (D<l3)
h1 l1 + h2 l 2 + h3 l 3 = h l
Case1 (D>l3)
Remarks
0,5
mm
t
D
hl16%
hl8%
B
hl4%
503
5052
509
512
515
1.14
1.16
1.17
Spatter
Root concavity
0,5
>3
>3
0,5
0,5
>3
0,5
to 3
0,5
0,5
>3
Excessive asym0,5
metry of fillet weld
(excessive unequal leg
length)
Incompletely filled
groove
Sagging
Incorrect weld toe,

weld toe radius
Incorrect weld toe,

weld toe angle for fillet welds
Excess penetration
Excessive convexity
(fillet weld)
Excess weld metal

(butt weld)
Shrinkage groove
a
a
a
b
a
a
a
a
a
b
a
a
a
a
Not defined.
a
a
B 90 c
a
C 63 c
Not permitted
Not permitted
Not permitted
r4mm
h0,2mm + 0,05 b, but

max. 1mm
h0,2mm + 0,05 b
h0,2mm + 0,1 b,
max. 2mm
Not permitted
Not permitted
B 125
Same values as given for quality levels B and C respectively Table1.
602
0,5
mm
Continuous undercut >3

Intermittent undercut
Micro lack of fusion
Imperfection
designation
25
d
The limit of imperfection corresponds to the ratio between the sum of the different pore areas and the evaluation area.
If the distance between two pore areas is less than the diameter of smallest pore area, an envelope surrounding the both
pore areas is relevant as one area of imperfection. If the distance between two pores is smaller than the diameter of one of
the neighbouring pores, the full connected area of two pores is the sum of imperfection areas.
Values identical with IIW-Doc. XIII-232310. The values are proved by IIW for a material thickness of 10mm and above.
Lower material thicknesses may be applicable.
1.23
505
1.12
511
504
1.11
502
1.10
1.9
5013
5012
5011
401
Reference to
ISO6520-1
1.8
1.7
1.5
No.
ISO5817B125
ISO5817B90
ISO5817C63
Table C.1 Additional requirements to Table1 for welds subject to fatigue load
EXAMPLE3
EXAMPLE2
EXAMPLE1
To indicate that the quality requirement includes the requirements in AnnexC the designation for level
B and C is supplemented with the character fatigue class. Level D is not supplemented.
Designation
2014
2015
2.5
2.6
2.9
0,5
Flux inclusions
302
Not defined.
Transversely circular 0,5

Angular misalignment b
hollow sections
welds at cylindrical
0,5
Linear misalignment
between plates
0,5
Oxide inclusions
Slag inclusions
max. 1mm
h0,5 t
max. 3mm
h0,1t
stress relieved:
l20mm
as welded: max.
l=2,5mm
max. h=2mm
h0,2s or 0,2 a
as welded: max.
l=2,5mm; stress
relieved: l20mm
max. h=2mm
h0,2 s or 0,2 a
d2,5mm
d0,2 a,
d0,2 s,
3% d
max. 1,5mm
h0,05 t
Not permitted
d0,1 s, max. 1mm
for multi-layer:2%d
for single layer:1% d
d0,1 s, max. 0,5mm
2% d
d0,1 s, max. 1mm
for multi-layer:2%
for single layer:1%
B 125
26
d
The limit of imperfection corresponds to the ratio between the sum of the different pore areas and the evaluation area.
If the distance between two pore areas is less than the diameter of smallest pore area, an envelope surrounding the both
pore areas is relevant as one area of imperfection. If the distance between two pores is smaller than the diameter of one of
the neighbouring pores, the full connected area of two pores is the sum of imperfection areas.
c
Values identical with IIW-Doc. XIII-232310. The values are proved by IIW for a material thickness of 10mm and above.
Lower material thicknesses may be applicable.
Same values as given for quality levels B and C respectively Table1.

b
5072
5071
302
301
Wormholes
Solid inclusions
300
2016
508
B 90 c

C 63 c
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
mm
Elongation cavity
Linear porosity
Clustered (localized)
porosity
Uniformly distributed
porosity
Gas pore
Imperfection
designation
Table C.1(continued)
3.3
3.1
2013
2012
2.4
Reference to
ISO6520-1
2011
No.
2.3
EN ISO 5817
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPENNE
EUROPISCHE NORM
February 2014
ICS 25.160.40
Supersedes EN ISO 5817:2007
English Version
Welding - Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their

alloys (beam welding excluded) - Quality levels for imperfections
(ISO 5817:2014)
Soudage - Assemblages en acier, nickel, titane et leurs
alliages souds par fusion (soudage par faisceau exclu) Niveaux de qualit par rapport aux dfauts (ISO 5817:2014)
Schweien - Schmelzschweiverbindungen an Stahl,

Nickel, Titan und deren Legierungen (ohne
Strahlschweien) - Bewertungsgruppen von
Unregelmigkeiten (ISO 5817:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 January 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
2014 CEN
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved

worldwide for CEN national Members.
Ref. No. EN ISO 5817:2014 E

BS en ISO 5817 2014 Welding. Fusion-Welded Joints (Beam Welding Excluded) - Quality Levels For Imperfections Ref Only

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IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

BSI Standards Publication

Only for single side butt welds

Only detectable by micro examination

Maximum dimension of a single pore for

Maximum dimension of a single pore for

h0,2 t, but max. 2mm h0,1 t, but max. 1mm

d0,3 a, but max. 3mm d0,2 a, but max. 2mm

Limits for imperfections for quality levels

d0,3 s, but max. 3mm d0,2 s, but max. 2mm

Table1 Limits for imperfections

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

Smooth transition is required.

Smooth transition is required.

Smooth transition is required.

h1mm + 0,25 b, but

h1mm + 0,15 b, but

h1mm + 0,1 b,but max.

0,5 to 3 Short imperfections:

Limits for imperfections for quality levels

0,5 to 3 Short imperfections:

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

Excessive convexity (fillet

h1mm + 1,0 b, but

h1mm + 0,1 b, but

h1mm + 0,6 b, but max. h1mm + 0,2 b,but

h1mm + 0,15 b, but

Limits for imperfections for quality levels

0,5 to 3 h1mm + 0,6 b

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

Smooth transition is required

Limits for imperfections for quality levels

0,5 to 3 Short imperfections:

Incorrect weld butt welds

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

Limits for imperfections for quality levels

0,5 to 3 h0,2mm + 0,1 t

In cases where an asymmetric fillet weld has not 0,5

Root concavity Smooth transition is required.

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

The actual throat thickness of the fillet weld is

The limit depends on

h1mm + 0,2 a, but max. h1mm + 0,15 a, but

Limits for imperfections for quality levels

Not applicable to processes with proof of greater 0,5 to 3 Short imperfections:

Spongy formation at the root of a weld due to

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

Permitted, if the properties of the parent

Limits for imperfections for quality levels

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

IWWI Limited for Viewing reference only, not to be published or printed

b)Maximum dimension for a single pore for

a2)Maximum dimension of the cross-sectional 0,5

NOTEThe porosity in the project area depends

a1)Maximum dimension of the area of the

d0,4 a, but max. 5mm d0,3 a, but max. 4mm

d0,4 s, but max. 5mm d0,3 s, but max. 4mm