Hours of After School

Activities to Hours of Sleep

By: Tyler Armagost, Mikey Manners, and Katelyn Kister

For this project, we investigated hours that a person spends on after school activities
compared to the hours that said person sleeps at night; this was done through a sample survey
which is a survey of some group of individuals by studying only some of its members. Hours
spent on activities could include but are not restricted to: work, sports, clubs, etc. We predicted
that there would be a strong positive association between hours of activities and hours of sleep.
We predicted this because the longer a person spends on activities, the less that person would
have time wise to sleep.
Population is the entire group of individuals being studied. For our sample survey, the
population consisted of the students at DuBois Area High School.
Sample is a part of the population from which we actually collect data. Our sample was
the 25 students at DAHS that we surveyed.
Variable is any characteristic of an individual. Our projects explanatory variable was the
hours spent on after school activities. The response variable was the hours of sleep that person
receives.

Hours of Activities to Hours of Sleep Correlation

Subject

Activities
(Hours)

Sleep (Hours)

1.5

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

1.5

21

3.5

22

23

24

25

Hours of Activities to Hours of Sleep Correlation

10
8
6
Sleep (Hours)

f(x) = 0.18x + 5.63

R = 0.05

Data Points
Hours of Activities to
Hours of Sleep
Regression Line

2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Activities (Hours)

Correlation measures the strength and direction of a straight line relationship. Our
correlation value (r) is 0.234. The correlation is positive meaning as x increases, y increases. A
correlation of 0.234 means the correlation is weak, meaning the correlation is not valid.
Coefficient of determination is a fraction of the variation in the values of y that is
explained by the least-squares regression of y on x. Our coefficient of determination (r2) is
0.055. This means any prediction has a 5.5% variation.
Prediction:

For a prediction of three hours:

y = 0.182x + 5.626
y = 0.182(3) + 5.626
y = 0.546 + 5.626
y = 6.172

The coefficient of determination is 0.055 which makes our association not as strong of a value.
Lurking variables could have affected our data. Some people take harder courses than
others which limit them to hours of after school activities due to homework and studying hours.
This would decrease the hours of after school activities and possibly the hours of sleep said
person gets at night. Another variable could be the fact that some people are not in clubs, sports,
or work. This affects the hours of activities they would participate in allowing for more free time
which was not calculated in our data.
We predicted that there would be a strong positive association between hours of activities
and hours of sleep. However, after surveying we found that there is a weak, positive association
between hours of activities and hours of sleep. Because r = 0.234, the association is weaker than
what we predicted. The direction is still positive because the r value is positive.

Armagost, Manners, Kister 6

Works Cited
Andrulonis, Melia. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Armagost, Tyler. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Baummer, Lisa. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Beers, Kaitlyn. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Beers, Spencer. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Boyle, William. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Bresnahan, Rylee. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Chesnalavich, Alicia. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Craig, Schasta. Personal interview. 6 May 2015.
Dawson, Dante. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Foltz, Alex. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Haag, Braden. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Hanna, Carson. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Huckestein, Alyssa. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Huey, Rylan. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.

Armagost, Manners, Kister 7

Johnson, Jacob. Personal interview. 6 May 2015.
Kister, Katelyn. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Manners, Michael. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Page, Sarah. Personal interview. 6 May 2015.
Scott, Jocelyn. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Shakespeare, Cody. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Simbeck, Brandon. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Slima, Chase. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Smith, Brandi. Personal interview. 5 May 2015.
Zimmerman, Alexis. Personal interview. 6 May 2015.