2016

 ............................................................................................................................... 1
................................................................................................................................ 2
(passive) ......................................................................................................................... 2
(active) ............................................................................................................................... 2
......................................................................................................... 5
1.1

........................................................................................................... 5

1.1.1

..................................................................................................... 6

1.1.2

.................................................................... 7

1.1.3

..................................................................................................................... 8

1.2

......................................................................................................................... 8

1.3

( ) ........................................................ 9

1.4

(Full Scale Input - FSI) ................................................................................. 9

1.5

(Full Scale Output - FSO) ............................................................................ 10

1.6

................................................................................................................................ 10

1.7

........................................................................................................ 11

1.8

............................................................................................................................... 11

1.9

............................................................................................................ 12

............................................................................................................... 13
2.1

............................................................................................. 14

2.1.1

......................................................................................................................... 14

2.1.2

..................................................................................................................... 14

2.2

....................................................................................... 15

2.3

...................................................................................................... 16

2.4

................................................................................................... 16

2.5

.................................................................................... 17

2.6

............................................................................................................................. 18

2.6.1

.......................................................................................................... 18

2.6.2

Steinhart-Hart ................................................................................................ 18

2.7

Seebeck - ...................................................................................... 19

2.7.1

............................................................ 20

2.7.2

.................................................................... 21

........................................................................................................................ 23
3.1

(-) .................................................................. 24

3.2

.................................................................................................................. 24

3.3

............................................................................... 26

...................................................................................................... 29
4.1

................................................................................................................ 29

4.1.1

................................................................................................. 30

4.1.2

................................................................................................... 30

4.1.3

........................................................................................... 31

4.1.4

.......................................................................................... 31

(passive)

(active)

1.1

S f s

F S f 1 S

f s

F S

F n

1.1.1

F S

d
d
d
A V
V V0
D V0 D
D
V0 i R0 i
A
V i Rd i

1.1.2

S A Bs

s0 0
S S0 B s s0

S A B ln s
se

SA
B

S A ek s
s

1
S
ln
k
A

S A B sk
s

SA
B

S a s2 b s c
S a s3 b s 2 c s d

1.1.3

dS si

bi si

ds

Si
si

1mV

0.5 mV

atm

1.2
10 C

0.10 C

S S1 B T T1

S2 S1 B T2 T1

T2 T1
S2 S1

T T1

S S1
B

atm

1.3 (
)
F S

S f s

1.4 (Full Scale Input - FSI)

smax

smin
sin smax smin

P
1 dB 10 log 2
P1

S
1 dB 20 log 2
S1

1.5 (Full Scale Output - FSO)

Sout Smax Smin

1.6

B 1mm mV

s 10mm

S 10.5mV

1 B 1mm mV
sx S B 10.5mm

sx s 0.5mm

0.5mm 10mm 100% 5%

abs Sr Sm

rel
Sr :

Sm :

Sr Sm
Sr

1.7

s2 s1

s2 s1

1.8

1.9

0K 2730 C

2.1

2.1.1

2.1.2

2.2

1 dL

L dT

2.3

2.4

2.5
RT R0 1 a T

R0
RT

C
0

a
aCu 4.3 103 0 C , aPt 3.9 103 0 C

2.6

5m 0 C

2.6.1

R k T

R
T
k 0

k 0

2.6.2 Steinhart-Hart

3
1
a b ln R c ln R
T

1
1

y 3
y 3

R exp x x

2
2

b y
x
3c 2

1
1
y a
c
T

 25 C 298.15K
0

a 1.40 103
b 2.37 104
c 9.90 108

R
1 1 1
ln
T T0
R0

1 1
1
ln R0 , b , c 0
T0

250 C 298.15K
R R0 e

1 1

T T0

2.7 Seebeck -

2.7.1

E S T T S T

2.7.2

E S T1 T2
S dE dT
S S S

y
x

L
L

z
x

3.1 ()

3.2

L
A

A D2 4

R L A

L
A

D2
2 D D
A
A
A

4
4
A

D
L

D
L

D D
2 2 D
D2
D

A
L
2 v
A
L

. 3.1
R L
L L

2v

1 2 v
R

L
L
L L

R
G
R

R
L

R 1 2 v E
L

3.3

L L 0.1 100 0.001 1000 10 6 1000

I1 R3

VR1 VR3 0 I1 R1 I 2 R3 0 I R
R1 R2

2
1
Vo V V 0

R3 R4
V V 0 I R I R 0 I1 R4
R4
1
2
2
4
R2

I 2 R2

I1

Vin
R1 R2

I2

Vin
R3 R4

R1
R3
Vo I1 R1 I 2 R3 Vo Vin

R
R
2
3 R4
1

R1 R1
R3
Vo Vo Vin

R1 R1 R2 R3 R4

R1 R1
R1 R1
R1 R1 R1
R1
Vo Vin

Vin

R1 R1 R2 R1 R2
R1 R2 R1 R2

Vo Vin

R1
R1 R2


4.1
B m g

m V

4.1.1

4.1.2

4.1.3

4.1.4
C 0 r

0 8.854 1012 F m

A
D

( . 4.1)

C CL x C x C 0

C0 0

w L x

w L
D

C 0

C CA CB

w x
D

w x
D