Text To Greek Philosophy

EX BiBLIOTHECA
FRANCES
A.
YATES
|
Texts
to
illustrate
Elementary
Course
Lectures
on
of
the
History of Greek Philosophy
Texts
to illustrate a Course
of Elementary Lectures
on the History of Greek

Philosophy from Thales
to Aristotle
'
MeN
reNeceî
tinac AgIac,
oi
Ae
reroNAciN
London
Macmillan and Co., Limited

New
York
The Macmillan Company
190
yf// rig/its
resewed
TO MANY FRIENDS
tuhose
questions^
and encouraged
criticisms^
mid
ine in the past,
suggestions,
helped
I dedicate this compilation,
prepared for the use of their successors

of Trinity
have
in the lectujê-room
College.
HENR Y JA CKSON.
3
filly
90
PEEFACE
Under
regulations
made by
recently
Senate of the
the
University of Cambridge for Part I of the Classical Tripos
Examination,
Eoman
short
philosophy
and comment."
amination
the
who
passages
In
which
passages
my
candidates
lectures
it,
my
make
or
refer
texts.
ex-
this
before
them
have
to,
have however
my
together with the passages required for
primary purpose, some

of
for
may have
discuss
shall
prepared this volume of selected

included in
and
1902, be set "for translation
order that
attend
Greek
of
illustrative
will, after
others, likely to be
of use to
may
hearers who, later in their Academic career,
more exact study
any
of the subject.
In preparing the paragraphs which represent the Praeplatonics,
made
have
frequent
use
Fhilosophiae Graecae of H. Ritter and

a pleasure to
me
to
of
this
work,
and
have long
to
its
felt,
present
Wellmann, whose labours have made the

indispensable
to
It
Preller.
is
have here an opportunity of expressing
the sincere gratitude which
authors
Historia
the
of
L.
all
serious
students
of
both to the
editor,
Ed.
recent editions
early
Greek
philosophy.
In the chapter on Plato,
my
method has been
to
select
from each of the principal dialogues a passage or passages

I
which will give me an opportunity of explaining what
system.
suppose to be that dialogue's contribution to the
TEXTS FOR LECTURES ON GREEK PHILOSOPHY
viii
In the chapter on Aristotle, I have
upon
part
treatises
tried
certain
and, as far as
secure
to
my
continuity
wanted
be
will
of
are
ethics
introduced
who
students
time,
first
most
excerpts
to represent the treatises
they are added because they
Paragraphs
hope
the
in
The
exposition.
reference.
for
for the
limitations permitted, I have
from the organon do not pretend

from which they are taken
drawn
more important philosophical
the
of
about
they
that
the
help
will
are reading that instructive treatise for the
undei'stand
to
and
scope
its
to
follow
its
argument.
my
In
aim
lectures,
much
not so
is,
sophical
and therefore in
to
to
and
the most part, such

to
be important
as
and
it
book
what
may
my
my
have chosen are however,
for
would be generally acknowledged

is
though made with a view
no sympathy with
of
homines
have views of
conceivable that
to
my
selection,
the exposition of particular
interpretations, should provide texts for teachers
little
my
the development
this subject, quot
acknowledge that
The passages which
own.
trace
On
Greek philosophical thought.

tot sententiae
compendium,
record the details of Greek philo-
rather
systems, as
this
heresies.
In
the
who have
hope that
my
be useful in this wây, I \^nture to publish
had originally intended
for private circulation only.
H.
Trinity College, Cambridge
21 September 1901.
J.
CONTENTS
Introductory
Section
1-3
The Ionian Monists
II
The Pythagoreans
Thales
6-8 Anaximander
9-11 Anaximenes
12-18
Heracleitiis
19-21
III
The Eleatic Monists

11
23, 24
12
Xenophanes
12
25-30 Parmenides
31,
15
32 Zeno
IV The Pluralists
33-38 Empedocles
39-42 Anaxagoras
43-47
18
.
21
.
Leucippiis and Democritus
24
V The
Sophists
Page
Section
48
49 Protagoras, Hippias
50 Gorgias
51 Thrasymachus
52 Euthydemus and Dionysodorus
53 Isocrates
.....
.....
....
.....
Minor Socratics
VI Socrates and
54-58
59,
Socrates
GO Aristippus
.28
.29
.29
.30
.30
.31
36
37
61, 62 Antisthenes
63 Eucleides and Eubulides

64 Stilpo
38
39
39
65 Phaedo and Menedemiis
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
VII Plato and the Old Academy

66 Euthypliro
67 Meîo
68, 69 Phaedrus
70 symposium
71-74
republic
75, 76 Phaedo
77-83 Parmenides
84-86
Philehus
87 Theaetetus
88-92
93
sophist
politicus
94-100 Timaeus
101 laws
41
41
42
44
45
49
51
55
57
58
62
63
68
69
102, 103 Aristotelian evidence
104-106 Speusippus and Xenocrates

107 The Old Academy
71
73
CONTENTS
xi
VIII Aristotle
Section
Pa.re
108-114 metaphysica
115-121 metaphysica
122, 123 de generatione
et
124-129
de
130-132
categoriae
133-137
analytica priora
anima
138 analytica
139-141
topica
142-149
ethica
150
corruptione
posteriora
.
Nicomachea
politica
.74
.80
.86
.88
.94
.95
.98
.99
.102
.110
1-3]
[] ..
, 9.
.
INTRODUCTOEY
1 Diogenes Laertius
HvOayopa^
'
elvaL
symposium
Plato
^^
1 2
kavrov
'
'
203
ovSeU
ovV
jeveaOat'
yap
el
rt?
ov
Aristotle metaphysica
^
yv
ol
...
vy
yap
ayvoiav
.^
,,
Compare Plato
Theaetetus
'
2 Diogenes Laertius
40
982bll
2.
155
hia
D.
yap ro
yyovva,
2.
1013a24
yyva
,
8
13
3 Aristotle metaphysica
aXko<^
is
ya
20
pypo
,
'
yv,
6
yv'
\yo <>
Sia
7ap8ya,
2s
, ,-
'
Tt
irepLiraTetv
sphysica
2.
194 b
6\
,
{jyieoa.
23.
[3
'
Compare
3.
983a24
and
6]
THE IONIAN MONISTS
, ,-,
,
,, ,
A
, ^ ^^
3.
983 b
,
.
.^
Laertius
[cf.
[sc.
^
-
'
^
23
.
Thales
&
^^-
6\
5 Plutarch Solon 3
.
^/ .
'^'^
Sta
^^
Diogenes
etSet
yap
elvai,
iv
4]
6 Simplicius in physica
3.
983b20
]'
/
/cat Auaximauder J
^'
^
'
TLva
5
^,<;'6 ^
aireipov
, - ^^^ ,
^ '^<;.
'
Xeyet
elvai
<
hihovai
yap
\<'
SrjXov
^, '^
,
, .",
. ,'
^
-.
TL
15
'
32^
yap
uypov
88 ^' ] .
7 Alexander
metaphysica Bonitz 45, 20
8,
Trj
[988 a 30
25
[989 a 13
Xya
Olympiodorus, Berthelot
30
'
grecs
yap
p.
83
Xy
>.
y,
ypv
35
8 Aristotle
jpliysica
'
4.
yap
collection des anciens alchimistes
Xyv
< ,,
,
187
20
ol
'
12]
yap
ANAXIMANDER, ANAXIMENES, HERACLEITUS
"^ôvtol
fcal
',
//
,^
, ,
,/. , ,
<;
metapMjsica
yiverai
ivepyeia.
1069bl8
,
2.
yap
',
i7i
'
py
9 Simplicius
^,
oV
lya,
pliysica 6^
Auaximenes
yyov
'
,
,,
\.
,
yrjv,
Sl
^^yy
yivoa,
11 [Plutarch],
vy
'.
^
'.
10 Olympiodorus, Berthelot
grecs p. 83
Eusebius
yvaL,
'
15
yvai.
collection cles anciens alchimistcs
praeâratio
yap
otl
cuangelica
. .. -
25
ytyvva
yyvaL Xy
Xoyov
yv
yrjv
y ^.
12 Heracleitus, Clemens Alexandrinus stromata
<6>
14
Heracieitus
'
,
,
'
'. ,
^
'
-^
^,
.
,^ .
, ^
'
^,
Plutarch
6
EI
de
alel
'.\<,
13 Heracleitus,
Clemens
Alexandrinus
vSart
yeveaOao,
î/xx-
y6vea0aL,
stromata vi 2
Se
yijv
77)9
Diogenes Laertius IX 8
Be
yeveaiv ayov
epiv,
6\^
tot^t^V'*^'^,
[l2
'
'
'
oSov
yap
15
'^^^^^xZt-
,','
oSov
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8
'
yrjv
e^cJôCtZ^.
14
'^^^^:
Aristotle
^'
..
Hippolytus
refutatio
'
'
,
.
Aristotle ethica
j3^)Xx.M^w;;
Eudemia
ix
'.
)
2.
1235a26
jap
15 Plato
35
Compare Plato
Cratyhts 402 A
']
\y
[sc.
Plutarch de
EI
18
Theaetetus
76
,
8
Aristotle metapJiysica
5.
6?.
1155b4
2.
epcv
25
'
Nicomachea
ethica
Heracleitus,
-.
^,
elvai
iirl
yrjv
,
-
153 A-D.
'
.
otl
pofj
lOlOalS
< <^
rrv^tJUc*^
Vi^dSj^'
,,
,* '
HERACLEITUS
18]
^.'
,
ovSe
avvayec,
Heracleitus,
Heracleitiis
Plutarch
,^ .-
allegoriae
evi
Jopb
veov
yap
'^ -
ill
84
yap
7yvea.
. '
y
.
,
,
.
, ,
,
,
.
'
;
.
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Sextus Empiricus
5!fa.^v*<<:vJ
126
17 Heracleitus, Stobaeus florilcgium
10
].
[Bernays
<>
yap
'^
133
Bib
'
18
Plato
Cratylus
24
'yap
Heracleitus, Sextus Empiricus VII
'
Homericae
re
ad Apolloniwn
consolatio
ovBe
Be
,,
.
,
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16
383 A
2
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25
^
3^
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429
tfi.
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tn.
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II
THE PYTHAGOREANS
19 Aristotle metapliysica
irpo
A .
ol
985 b 23
iv he
llvOayopeLOL
<;
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iSoKOVV
iv
jrj
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elvat
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986
a 15
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25
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yap elvau Svo
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t<-
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h-
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7.
,
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OTL
21 Aristotle
'
yap
meta'physicct
A .
TLve^
he
[20
987 a 19
[sc.
2 Xyv
^'^.^^*^^^
^^
tvro
yap
haha,
hi0Ti
'
'7payaav.
6
pyao
hllXov
hv
hllXov.
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22]
III
22 Aristotle
ot irepl
'
THE ELEATIC MONISTS

metapliysica
'
A .
,,
9
<
he
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,,,
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^ ., ^ '
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986 b
TEXTS FOR LECTURES

fES ON GREEK PHILOSOPHY
12
23 Xenophanes
Xenophanes
iboc^c
9
'
alel
re
(9e^^
Mullach
oiire
'
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<96:6
/ât
9 .
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24 Xenophanes
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28 Stein
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XENOPHANES, PARMENIDES
oSoio
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35 30
36. 62
,-
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27 Plato
sophist 2-44
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D HE.
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ro 6\oi> erepov
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29 Parmenides
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THE PLURALISTS
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Sextus Empiricus
33
Empedocles
8\
VII
123
Se
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3.
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a 21
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Anaxagoras, Simplicius in physica

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Democritus
43
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Aristotle mctapliysica
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44 Theoplirastus de sensu
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el
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2.
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405
2.
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jdp
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45 Aristotle de anima
s kJ^ê^^-4CLj
'yap
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^^^^ cev^^^'^^'^
6 tl
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47 Aristotle de generatione animaliimi
g
35
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8.
789 b 2
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LEUCIPPUS AND DEMOCRITUS
47]
Stobaeus eclogae
'
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Simplicius in
160
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<6,
'pliysica
27
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re
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Cicero
cle
natura deorum
66 ex
his
[sc.
corpusculis]
affectum esse caelum atque terram nulla cogente natura, sed
concursu quodam
fortuito.
10
- '/^'
[48
V THE SOPHISTS
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ye Sevrepov
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268
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ev
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Be
25
iju^r\^^^^-^-t
eTepov
,
.
'
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elvai
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28
1.
165
a 21
yap
PROTAGORAS, HIPPIAS, GORGIAS
,
'
'
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; ,. -^ ^..
49 Plato Theaetetus
152
yap
.;
29
Xv^^c^
[sc.
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Protagoras
elvai,
Se
,
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Protagoras
.<
318 D
yap
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is
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Gorgias
452 D
. .",
yov
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Plato
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50 Sextus Empiricus
TlpwTayopav.
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Thrasymaclius
<
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pbev
OLKeia
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re
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Be
re
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25
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).
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35
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otl
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eyye
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elev
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],']/,
52 Plato Elithydemus 271 C

auTOfcz^
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Euthydemus
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15
re
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iv
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,
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53]
Kal
[sc.
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31
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180
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SOCRATES AND THE MINOR SOCRATICS
VI
54 Plato
apologia
elvat.
iiri
hta\e'y6êvo<i
fcal
elvai
5
21b
Socratis
'
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re
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yap
KciyaOov elhevau,
iyco
ye
olha
elvai,
30
15
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Trj
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'.
eyeo
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el
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55 Xenophon memorabilia
33
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34
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SOCRATES
58]
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memorabilia
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//
Laertius
2
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TEXTS FOR LECTURES
38
62
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15
GREEK PHILOSOPHY
metaphysica
Aristotle
ON"
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35
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ii
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EUCLEIDES, STILPO, PHAEDO, MENEDEMUS
65]
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108
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64
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Eubulides
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vs
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re
Mov'
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105
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107]
HI 3. 1153bl
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107 Cicero academica postcriora
17
Platonis autem
auctoritate, qui uarius et multiplex et copiosus fuit,
una et
duobus uocabulis philosophiae forma instituta
est, Acaclemicorum et Peripateticorum, qui rebus cougruentes
nominibus differebant.
ita facta est, quod minime
coDsentiens
quaedam philosophiae et rerum ordo

et descriptio disciplinae.
quae quidem erat primo duobus,
ut dixi, nominibus una nihil enim inter Peripateticos et
illam ueterem Academiam differebat.
22 communis haec ratio et utrisque hie bonorum finis
Socrates probabat, ars
uidebatur, adipisci, quae essent prima natura quaeque ipsa
maxima ea sunt autem

maxima, quae in ipso animo atque in ipsa uirtute uersantur.
itaque omnis ilia antiqua philosophia sensit in una uirtute
esse positam beatam uitam, nec tamen beatissimam, nisi
adiungerentur et corporis et cetera, quae supra dicta sunt,
ad uirtutis usum idonea. ex hac descriptione agendi quoque
aliquid in uita et officii ipsius initium reperiebatur, quod
erat in conseruatione earum rerum quas natura praescriberet.
hinc gignebatur fuga desidiae uoluptatumque conteniptio.
34 Speusippus autem et Xenocrates, qui primi Platonis
rationem auctoritatemque susceperant, et post eos Polemo
et Crates unaque Grantor, in Academia congregati, diligenter
iam Polemoea quae a superioribus acceperant tuebantur.
per sese expetenda, aut omnia aut
audiuerant adsidue Zeno et Arcesilas sed Zeno, cum

Arcesilam anteiret aetate ualdeque subtiliter dissereret et
nem
peracute moueretur, corrigere conatus est disciplinam.
[108
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AEISTOTLE
VIII
metaphysical
108
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EX BiBLIOTHECA

History of Greek Philosophy

on the History of Greek

Macmillan and Co., Limited

The Macmillan Company

ine in the past,

I dedicate this compilation,

prepared for the use of their successors

University of Cambridge for Part I of the Classical Tripos

together with the passages required for

primary purpose, some

prepared this volume of selected

1902, be set "for translation

hearers who, later in their Academic career,

more exact study

In preparing the paragraphs which represent the Praeplatonics,

Fhilosophiae Graecae of H. Ritter and

Wellmann, whose labours have made the

have here an opportunity of expressing

the sincere gratitude which

In the chapter on Plato,

method has been

from each of the principal dialogues a passage or passages

TEXTS FOR LECTURES ON GREEK PHILOSOPHY

In the chapter on Aristotle, I have

to represent the treatises

they are added because they

limitations permitted, I have

from the organon do not pretend

more important philosophical

are reading that instructive treatise for the

the most part, such

have chosen are however,

would be generally acknowledged

though made with a view

the exposition of particular

interpretations, should provide texts for teachers

this subject, quot

The passages which

Greek philosophical thought.

record the details of Greek philo-

be useful in this w^ay, I \^nture to publish

had originally intended

for private circulation only.

The Ionian Monists

The Eleatic Monists

Leucippiis and Democritus

TEXTS FOR LECTURES ON GREEK PHILOSOPHY

52 Euthydemus and Dionysodorus

63 Eucleides and Eubulides

65 Phaedo and Menedemiis

VII Plato and the Old Academy

102, 103 Aristotelian evidence

104-106 Speusippus and Xenocrates

122, 123 de generatione

TEXTS FOR LECTURES ON GREEK PHILOSOPHY

THE IONIAN MONISTS

TEXTS FOR LECTURES ON GREEK PHILOSOPHY

metaphysica Bonitz 45, 20

collection des anciens alchimistes

ANAXIMANDER, ANAXIMENES, HERACLEITUS

collection cles anciens alchimistcs