Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

Define the following terms.

1. Right triangle:
2. Isosceles Triangle
3. Equilateral triangle
4. Scalene triangle
5. Midpoint
6. Square
7. Trapezoid
8. Isosceles trapezoid
9. Rhombus
10.
Parallelogram
11.
Rectangle
12.
Quadrilateral
13.
Perpendicular lines
14.
Parallel lines
15.
Kite
Slope:
We can find slope in three ways:
1. If you are given coordinates, use the slope formula
y y
m= 2 1
x 2x 1
2. If you are given a graph, find two ordered pairs and use
rise
m=
run
3. If you are given an equation, put it in slope-intercept form.
y=m x+b
From the formula:
y y
m= 2 1
x 2x 1
Find the slope between (1,4) and (3,7)
Step 1: Identify and label y 2 , y 1 , x 2x 1 .
x
y
( 1, y 2 )
( 1 , x 2 )

( 1 , 4 ) (3 , 7)
Step 2: Plug the points into the formula:
74 3
m=
=
31 2
Step 3: If possible, simplify the fraction.
3
this case , is already simplest form .
2

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

From an equation:
Slope-intercept is
intercept.
Ex 1) For

y=mx +b

y=3 x +2

where m is the slope and b is the y-

the slope would be 3 or

3
.
1

Sometimes, you may have to solve the equation for y to put it in

slope-intercept form.
Ex 2) 4 x 2 y =8
4 x4 x

Move the x term to the other side of the

equation.

0 x2 y=4 x +8
2 y=4 x+ 8

Divide both sides of the equation by -2.

2 22
2
y=2 x4 The slope would be 2 (or
).
1

Independent Practice:
Find the slope between the two points.
1. (-1, 4) and (5, 7)
(1, 2) and (-1, -2)

4. (6, 4) and (2, 3)

(0, 0) and (0, 2)

2. (-3, -2) and (-7, -10)

5. (57, 61) and (48, 39)

3.

6.

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

Find the slope of the given line:

2
x+5
3

2.

y=

4. 2 x +6 y =12
3 x+6 y =18

5.

3 x y=4

6.

7.

8.

y=4

9.

1.

y=x +3

3.

5
y= x2
4

x=3

y=x

Parallel and Perpendicular Lines:

Two lines are parallel if they have the same slope.
Ex1) y=2 x+3 and y=2 x7 are parallel because both have a
slope of 2.
(Remember in y=mx +b , m = slope.)
Sometimes you need to solve for y first to put the equation in
slope-intercept form.
Ex2)

3 x+ 4 y=12

and

y=

3
x+ 7
4

are parallel

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

3 x+ 4 y=12
3 x3 x
Move the x term to the other side of the
equation.

0 x+ 4 y =3 x +12
4 y=3 x +12

4 4 4 Divide both sides of the equation by 4.

3
3
y=
x+ 3
The slope is
.
4
4
Both slopes are

3
4

so the lines are parallel.

Two lines are perpendicular if they have opposite reciprocal slopes.

Examples of opposite reciprocals:
1
2
3
n
0
and 4
and
(undefined) and
4
3
2
0
k

(zero)
Ex)

3
y= x +3
5

and

y=

5
x5
3

are perpendicular lines.

Just like with parallel lines, you may need to solve for y first to put one
or both equations in slope-intercept form.
*Perpendicular Lines make a right (90) angle*
If a pair of lines is not parallel or perpendicular we say that it is neither.

Independent Practice:
Tell whether the following pairs of lines are parallel, perpendicular or
neither. Show your work.
1.

1
1
y= x +2 and y=4 x+
4
2
__________________________________

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

2.

y=2 x+ 1

and

1
y= x +3
2

__________________________________

3.

y=3 x +4

and

y=3 x +

1
4

__________________________________

4.

y=10 and x=3

__________________________________

5.

2
4
y= x
and 5 x+2 y=8
5
5
__________________________________

6.

3
y= x10
5

7.

y=

8.

y=

and

5 x +3 y=9

__________________________________

7
x2 and 7 x+ 4 y =16
4
__________________________________

1
x+ 9 and 2 x + y=4
2
__________________________________

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

Example:
Write an equation of a line that is parallel to the line x+ y=1 and
goes through the point (4, 2).
Step 1: Find the slope of the original line:
x+ y=1
xx
y=x1
The slope is -1.
Step 2: We know to be parallel, our new lines must have the same
slope, so we plug it into y=mx +b .
y=1 x +b
Step 3: Plug in the point for x and y (our point was (4, 2) ).
y=1 x +b

becomes

2=1(4 )+ b

Step 4: Simplify and solve for b.

2=1(4 )+ b
2=4 +b
+4 +4
6=b
Step 5: Plug your slope and your b each into
y=1 x +6

y=mx +b .

Example:
Write an equation of a line that is perpendicular to the line 3x+y=12
and passes through the point (-1,-3).
1) Find the slope of the original line:
3x+y=12 (subtract 3x from both sides)
y==-3x+12
The slope of the line is -3.
2) We know that to be perpendicular, our new line must have a slope
that is the opposite reciprocal.
Original Slope=-3 or -3/1. Opposite reciprocal=1/3
3) Plug the new slope into y=mx+b
1
y= x +b
3
4) Plug in the given point (-1,3) into the equation.

Unit 6 Review Packet

1
y= x +b
3

becomes

Name:___________________________
1
y= (1)+b
3

5) Solve for b:
1
3= (1 ) +b
3
1
3=
+b
3
+1 1
+
3 3
10
=b
3
Sometimes we are given two points on a line and then a point on
another line that is parallel or perpendicular.
Ex: Find the equation of a line parallel to the line that passes through
the points (0,0) and (2,3) and also passes through the point (-2,4).
1) In this case, we must use the two points on the line to find the slope.
(0,0) and (2,3)
Slope formula:

m=

y 2 y 1
x 2x 1

30 3
=
20 2

2) Then follow the steps when given an equation as in the previous

example.

On your own:
Find the equation of a line parallel to each given line that passes
through the given point.
1) (-3,2) and 5x=2y=-8

2) (5,-1) and

3
y= x +3
2

3) (0,3) and x+2y=-20

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

Find the equation of a line perpendicular to each given line that passes
through the given point.
1) (-1,-3) and y=x+4

2) (-3,0) and

1
y= x +5
5

3) (0,0) and x+3y=-6

Find the equation of a line that is perpendicular to the line passing
through (4,8) and (-4,6) that also passes through the point (-1,2).

Midpoint Formula:
The Midpoint Formula is:

x1 + x2 y1 + y2
,
) .
2
2

The midpoint formula finds the point that is exactly halfway between
the two points.
Example: Find the midpoint between (-2,5) and (4,5).
Step 1: Identify x1,x2, y1, and y2.
(-2,5) (4,5)
(x1,y1) (x2, y2)
Step 2: Plug points into the formula.
x1 + x 2 y 1 + y 2 2+ 4 5+5
,
,(
,
)
2
2
2
2

Step 3: Simplify

( 2+2 4 , 5+52 )=( 22 , 102 )=(1,5)

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

Your answer to a midpoint problem will always be an ordered pair.

On your own: Find the midpoint

1) (-4,-2) (3,3)
2) (-1,0) (-3,-4)

4) (-3,0) (7,8)

3) (6,4) (2,3)

5) (0,5) (6,7)

6) (1,-4) (9,3)

If we are given a midpoint and one endpoint, we can find the missing
endpoint.
Example: (3,-1) is the midpoint of line segment. One of the endpoints is
(1,4). What is the other endpoint?
Step 1. Remember our midpoint formula:

x1 + x2 y1 + y2
,
)
2
2

Step 2: Plug in what we know. We know the midpoint is (3,-1). This tells
us which each part of the formula should equal.
x 1 + x 2 3 y 1+ y 2
=
=1
2
2
We know one endpoint, (1,4), so plug it in.
Now solve the equation.
1+ x 2 34+ y 2
=
=1
2
2
Now solve the equation:
1+ x 2
4+ y 2
2
=3(2)2
=1(2)
2
2
1+x 2=6 4 + y 2=2
-1
x2=5

-1

-4
y2=-6

-4

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

The missing endpoint is (5,-6)

On your own: Find the missing endpoint:
1) Endpoint (-2,4) Midpoint (5,4)
2) Endpoint (6,0) Midpoint (3,2)

3) Endpoint (-8,8) Midpoint (5,-3)

(7,1)
Distance Formula
The distance formula:

4) Endpoint (-1,5) Midpoint

x
( 2x 2 )+( y 2 y 1 )
d=

The distance formula tells us how far apart two points are.
Example: Find the distance between (3,4) and (7,9)/
Step #1: Identify x1, x2, y1 ,y2

(3,4)
(x1,y1)

(7,9)
(x2,y2)

Step #2: Plug points into formula:

(73)2+(94)2
Step #3: Simplify under the radical
(4)2+(5)2
41
Step #4: If doing a problem that requires you to add or multiply by the
distance, use a calculator to get a decimal answer. On the yellow
calculator, press 2nd then x2 and then the number and hit enter. If it
gives you something that still has a radical, then press the <> button
above the enter button.
On your own: Find the distance between the following points:
1) (2,-9) (-1,4)

4) (7,6) (0,2)

2) (-6,-10) (-2,-10)

5) (4,2) (-6, -6)

3) (5,9) (-7,-7)

4) (-3,6) (2,1)

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

Classify Quadrilaterals:
To prove a quadrilateral is a specific shape, we must look at slope and
distance.
Example: Classify the shape given by the points
A(-2,1)
B(-6,1)
C(-6,5)
D(-2,5)
Watch the video online.
Side
AB

BC

CD

Slope

Distance

Unit 6 Review Packet

Name:___________________________

AD

Step 1: Set-up a table.

Step 2: Find the slope of each side.
Step 3: Check for Parallel sides
Step 4: Check for perpendicular lines
Step 5: Find the distances
Step 6: Check for congruent sides.
We use a similar technique for triangles:
If three sides are congruent, the triangle is equilateral.
If exactly two sides are congruent, the triangle is isosceles.
If no sides are congruent, the triangle is scalene.
If we have a set of perpendicular lines, it will be a right triangle.
Classify the given quadrilateral with the most specific name possible.
Justify your classification.
The quadrilateral with points A(1,6), B(2,3), C(6,3), and D(5,6)
Side
Slope
Distance

2) The quadrilateral with points A(2,-4), B(4,2), C(6,-4), D(4,-6).

Unit 6 Review Packet

Side

Name:___________________________

Slope

Distance

3) The quadrilateral with points A(2,-10), B(5,-8), C(8,-10), D(5,-16)

Side
Slope
Distance

Classify Triangles:
Classify each triangle as equilateral, isosceles, or scalene. Also, identify
whether the triangle is a right triangle or not. Justify your answer.
1) A(-6,2)

B(-6,6)

C(-9,2)

Unit 6 Review Packet

Side

Name:___________________________

Slope

Distance

2) A(-1,-5) B(-5,-2)
Side
Slope

C(-9,-5)

2) A(-1,-5) B(-5,-2)
Side
Slope

C(-9,-5)

Distance

Distance

Unit 6 Review Packet

3) A(4,7)
B(5,12)
Side
Slope

Name:___________________________

C(8,13)
Distance

Area and Perimeter

Perimeter is the distance around the outside of a polygon. It can be
found by adding all the sides together. These can be found using the
distance formula.
Distance Formula:

x
( 2x 2 )+( y 2 y 1 )
d=

Area is the amount of space inside a polygon. In a square or rectangle,

the formula is
A=LW, where A= area, L=length, and W=width
For a triangle, the formula is

1
A= bh , where A= Area, b=base, and
2

h=height.
On your own:
Find the area and perimeter of the polygon given by each set of points.
You may want to graph the points to help you.
1) A(1,1)

B(4,1)

C(4,4)

D(1,4)

Unit 6 Review Packet

2) A(-2,-2) B(-6,-2)

3) A(7,2)

B(9,4)

4) A(6,-3)

B(10,-1)

Name:___________________________

C(-6,-7)

D(-2,-7)

C(11,2)

C(9,-3)