Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Religions
Five
Major
World
Religions
Hinduism
Buddhism
Judaism Christianity
Islam
2500 250 BC
Hinduism
The religion of Hinduism developed and evolved over a long time in India, giving
rise to a variety of beliefs and practices and to other religions, including Buddhism.
One of the oldest religions of humanity, founded in 1500 BCE or earlier.
It is the 3rd largest religion in the world.
No particular founder
Brahman
2500 250 BC
2500 250 BC
2500 250 BC
2500 250 BC
Vishnu, the
Preserver
Hinduism Map!
Hinduism in 1500 C.E.
Hinduism Today
AUM!
AUM!
AUM!
2500 250 BC
Buddhism
Buddhism,
which
teaches people that
they can escape the
suffering of the
world through the
Buddhist teachings,
developed in
Northeast India in
520 BCE and spread
to other parts of
Asia
4th largest religion
in the world
Siddhartha Gautama
Unlike Hinduism,
Buddhism can be traced
to one single founder,
Siddhartha Gautama
Prince of a small
kingdom; he lived a
sheltered life and
sought the answer to
ending suffering
After years of
meditation and
searching, he sat under
a Bodhi tree where he
became Enlightened
He transformed into
the Buddha-the
Enlightened One.
BCE)
2500 250 BC
(563-483
2500 250 BC
Desire!
2500 250 BC
Eightfold Path
2500 250 BC
Right Understanding
Right Speech
Right Intention
Right Action
Right Livelihood
Right Effort
Right Concentration
Right Mindfulness
2500 250 BC
Eightfold Path
Nirvana
Nirvana is a state of perfect peace in which the soul
Sacred Texts
Pali Canon
Dhammapada
Both record the words of the Buddha
2500 250 BC
Types of Buddhism
Therevada
Buddhism
Mahayana
Buddhism
Tibetan
Buddhism
2500 250 BC
Theravada Buddhism
The oldest school of Buddhism.
Found in southern Asia.
The monastic life is the best way to achieve
nirvana.
Focus on wisdom and meditation.
Goal is to become a Buddha, or Enlightened
One.
Over 100,000,000 followers today.
Mahayana Buddhism
2500 250 BC
2500 250 BC
Tibetan Buddhism
Developed in Tibet in the 7c CE.
A mix of Theravada and
Mahayana.
Boddhisatvas include Lamas, like
the Dalai Lama.
Buddhism Map!
Buddhism in 1500 C.E.
Buddhism Today
Buddhism located in Southeast and East Asia (China) Then and Now
Judaism,
Christianity, &
Islam
Brief History
Judaism- The Hebrew leader Abraham
founded Judaism in Mesopotamia around
1300 B.C. Judaism is the oldest of the
monotheistic faiths (religions with one
God).
Christianity - Founded by Jesus Christ, who
was crucified around A.D. 33 in Palestine in
the city of Jerusalem. It was after his
death when his followers came to believe
in him as the Christ, the Messiah.
Islam - Founded in Arabia by Muhammad
in A.D. 622.
4000550 BC
Abrahams Genealogy
Islam-Quran
HAGAR
Judaism-Torah
ABRAHAM
SARAH
Ishmael
Isaac
12 Arabian
Tribes
Jacob/Israel Esau
Muhammad
(the last
prophet)
Quran and the
Five Pillars of
Islam
Mecca
(Muslims)
12 Tribes of
Israel
Judaism Briefly
Judaism is over 3000 years old and is the
oldest of the world's monotheistic religions
(religions with only one God). It's also the
smallest, with only about 14 million (7th)
followers around the world.
Its holy city is Jerusalem.
Judaism Beliefs
Jews believe that there is a single God
(Yahweh) who not only created the
universe, but with whom every Jew can
have an individual and personal
relationship.
They await the Messiah, who will be an
earthly king. They believe in heaven,
but that God determines where they go
after life on earth.
Ten Commandments is the basic code of
law.
Judaism Place of
Worship
Jews worship in
Synagogues or
temples. Men and
women usually sit
separately.
Worship is led by a
Rabbi.
Saturday (begins at
sundown on Friday) is
time for worship.
The Temple
According to the Bible, the First
Temple for Jewish worship was built
around 900-1000 BCE and destroyed
by Babylonians in 586 BCE.
The Jews were then sent out of
Canaan, but returned after 50 years
in exile.
A Diaspora occurs when a group of
people leave their homeland and
move to many different locations
separately.
All of the worlds Jewish communities
today that do not live in present-day
Israel are part of the Jewish Diaspora.
Diaspora
The Temple
A new temple was finished 70 years later
on the site of the First Temple, but was
badly plundered by invading Romans about
54 BCE.
King Herod,
Herod a Jew, ruled Judea for the
Romans. Under him the second temple was
rebuilt in 20 BCE.
When the Romans attacked Jerusalem
again in 70 CE(AD), they destroyed Herods
temple.
Today, the single remaining temple wall, the
Western Wall,
Wall is a place of prayer for Jewish
pilgrims.
Jews moved away from the land again, until
the modern state of Israel was formed in
the late 1940s.
Judaism Map!
Judaism in 1500 C.E.
Judaism Today
Christianity briefly
Christianity Beliefs
Christianity Beliefs
Christian Place of
Worship
Christian Sects
Roman Catholicism vs. Eastern OrthodoxChristian Church divided when the Roman Empire
was divided and then fell. Orthodox Christians do
not recognize the authority of the Pope.
Catholicism vs. Protestantism-as a result of the
Reformation, Protestant sects broke with the
Catholic Church and established their own
separate churches.
Christianity Map!
Christianity 1500 C.E.
Christianity Today
Islam Briefly
Grand mosque in
Mecca
The Hajj
Hijja:
The month of
pilgrimage during
which all Muslims,
at least once in
their life, should
try to make the
pilgrimage to
Mecca and worship
at the Kaaba
Muslim Sects
Sunni-the majority
Shia-the minority
The split rose from an early dispute over who
should be the leader of Islam after the death of
Muhammad. The Sunnis argued that the successor
should be appointed by election and consensus, as
tradition dictated. (Sunni comes from the Arabic
word Sunna , meaning tradition.) The Shia
believed that Muhammad's successors should
come from his family, starting with Ali, his son-inlaw. These, the partisans of Ali, were named from
the word Shia , meaning partisan in Arabic.
Islam Map!
Islam in 1500 C.E.
Islam Today