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SALURAN CERNA
Bagian Farmakologi FKUH
UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN
HISTOLOGI LAMBUNG
Ulkus Pepticum
Faktor
FaktorAgresif
Agresif
Faktor
FaktorDefensif
Defensif
Ulcus Pepticum
Ketidakseimbangan antara faktor AGRESIF &
DEFENSIF
Faktor Defensif
-Mukus
-Bicarbonate
-Aliran darah
-Prostaglandin
- Nitric oxide
Faktor Agresif
- Asam lambung
- H Pylori
- OAINS
- Merokok
Antasida
H2-Receptor Antagonists (Ranitidin)
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Omeprazole)
M1 Blocker (Atropin,Hyocamin)
PGE1 Analogs (Misoprostol)
Cytoprotectans ( Sucralfate)
Antibiotik (Triple combination)
1. Antasida
Sodium bicarbonate
CaCO3
Al3+ hydroxides
Mg2+ hydroxide
Antasida
ES : Diare
ES : Konstipasi
Efek Samping
Hypercalcemia
Osteoporosis, enchephalopathy,
myopathy
Phosphate retention
Calcium precipitation in the kidney
2.H2RAs
H2RAs
H2 receptor blockers
Cimetidine (200 ; 400 mg)
H2-blocker I yg tersedia
Menghambat enzim P450 =>
Interaksi obat
Ranitidine (150 ; 300 mg)
Enzim P450 => Efek smping
minimal
Nizatidine (300 mg)
Famotidine ( 20 ; 40 mg )
Farmakokineti
k
:
Cepat diabsorpsi setelah pemberian
Headache
Drowsiness
Fatigue
Muscular
pain
Constipation
3.PPIs
PPIs
Farmakologi PPI
Metabolisme PPI
Cepat diserap
Ikatan protein kuat
Dimetabolisme dihati oleh sitokrom
P450 (CYP2C19 and CYP3A4)
Sisa metabolites sulfat diekskresikan
lewat feces dan urin
Penyakit hati mengurangi clearance
dari lansoprazole( kurangi dosis )
Lansoprazole
Omeprazole
Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole
15;30 mg(1x1)
20 mg (1x1)
20;40 mg (1x1)
10 mg (1x1)
4.M1 BLOCKER
PRAMIVERINE 2 MG
Menghambat reseptor kolinergik
TIEMONIUM,TIMEPIDIUM
30
muskarinik selektif di reseptor M1 di
lambung
MG
Bisa menghambat produksi asam
,MEBEVERINE
basal 40
50 % 135 MG (DUS)
Efek sitoprotective
Farmakokinetik
Cepat diserap
Efek terapeutik mencapai puncak
dalam waktu 60-90 menit
Bertahan hanya sampai 3 jam (4x1
dose required)
Efek Samping :
Dosis :
6.Cytoprotectans
(Sucralfate)
Sulfated polysaccharide
Acid activated (pH 4)
Administered on an empty stomach 1 hr
before meals
Stimulates local prostaglandin synthesis,
adsorbs pepsin
Binds bile acids
Not absorbed => essentially free of side
effects
Efek Samping
Constipation (2 %)
Avoid in renal failure
May impair absorption of other drugs
(inhibit absorption phenytoin, digoxin,
cimetidine, ketoconazole,
fluoroquinolone antibiotics)
Endoscopic Photograph
of Gastric Ulcer
Terima Kasih
kasus
1.