Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION
Consumer Behaviour
Consumer behavior is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the
processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or
ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.
Consumer Behavior is a branch which deals with the various stages a consumer goes through
before purchasing products or services for his end use.
It blends elements from psychology, sociology, social anthropology, marketing
and economics. It attempts to understand the decision-making processes of buyers, both
individually and in groups such as how emotions affect buying behavior. It studies
characteristics of individual consumers such as demographics and behavioral variables in an
attempt to understand people's wants. It also tries to assess influences on the consumer from
groups such as family, friends, sports, reference groups, and society in general.
Customer behavior study is based on consumer buying behavior, with the customer playing
the three distinct roles of user, payer and buyer. Research has shown that consumer behavior
is difficult to predict, even for experts in the field. Marketing is an influential asset for
customer behavior analysis as it has a keen interest in the re-discovery of the true meaning of
marketing through the re-affirmation of the importance of the customer or buyer. A greater
importance is also placed on consumer retention, customer relationship management,
personalization, customization and one-to-one marketing. Social functions can be categorized
into social choice and welfare functions.

Online shopping
Online shopping (sometimes known as e-tail from "electronic retail" or e-shopping) is a form
of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller
over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names are: e-web-store, e-shop, e-store,
Internet shop, web-shop, web-store, online store, online storefront and virtual store. Mobile
commerce (or m-commerce) describes purchasing from an online retailer's mobile optimized
online site or app.
An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-andmortar retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online
shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the process is called
business-to-business (B2B) online shopping. The largest of these online retailing corporations
are Alibaba, Amazon.com, and eBay.

Chapter 2

Summary of Articles
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce
August 2008, vol. 13, no.2
Sujana Adapa

The current research paper examines the adoption of internet shopping patterns exhibited by
Indian women currently residing in India and Australia emphasizing on the prevailing cultural
dimensions. A conceptual framework has been developed based on the theoretical
background which links intention to shop over internet and Hofstedes cultural dimensions to
adoption of internet shopping. In order to test the stated hypotheses, the proposed
relationships between the variables were empirically verified. A web based survey was
employed by using online questionnaire as a research instrument and the respondents were
approached by posting the questionnaire to various newsgroups. The results of the study
reveal that intention of internet shopping as measured with the perceived attributes

significantly influences the actual adoption of internet shopping. With regard to the prevailing
cultural dimensions in the country of origin (India), the results obtained are as expected and
significantly influence the internet purchases. Where as with regard to the prevailing cultural
dimensions in the country of residence (Australia), most of the results obtained are as
predicted except for the dimension masculinity versus femininity. The results obtained are
promising for internet

CONSUMERS PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINE

SHOPPING- THE CASE OF PUNJAB
International Journal of Management & Information Technology
Volume 1, No 1, May, 2012
Kanwal Gurleen
India has more than 100 million internet users out of which one half opt for online purchases
and the number is rising sharply every year. The growth in the number of online shoppers is
greater than the growth in Internet users, indicating that more Internet users are becoming
comfortable to shop online. The capability of purchasing without leaving your place is of
great interest to many consumers. Not only does online shopping offer really good deals, but
also brings optimum convenience to the consumers. Moreover, the use of Internet tools for
price searching and comparison provides an additional advantage in consumers final
decision, as they can purchase their desired products in the lowest available price. This paper
focuses on the understanding of demographic profiles of adopters and non-adopters of online
shopping. For this purpose the data from 400 respondents was collected in the form of
questionnaires. The study has been conducted in 3 cities of Punjab, a sample of urban
respondents were selected from the Jalandhar, Ludhiana and Amritsar The paper also
analyses the various reasons for adoption and non-adoption of
online shopping.

Effect of shopper attributes on retail format choice

behaviour for food and grocery retailing in India
International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management
Vol. 39 No. 1, 2011
Cherukuri Jayasankara Prasad
Ankisetti Ramachandra Aryasri

Purpose Retailing in India is an unchartered territory. Food and grocery is the most
promising area for setting up retail business in India. An understanding of shopper retail
format choice behaviour will enable retailers to segment their market and target specific
consumer groups with strategies premeditated to meet their retail needs. The purpose of this
paper is to make a detailed study on the effect of shoppers demographic, geographic and
psychographic dimensions in terms of format choice behaviour in the fast growing Indian
food and grocery retailing.
Design/methodology/approach Descriptive research design is adopted applying mall
intercept survey method using structured questionnaire for data collection. Both descriptive

(mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical tools like x 2, factor analysis and
multivariate analysis are used to analyse the data collected from 1,040 food and grocery retail
customers from upgraded neighbourhood kirana stores, convenience stores, supermarkets and
hypermarkets in conjoint cities of Secunderabad and Hyderabad in Andhra Pradesh in India.
Findings The findings suggest that shoppers age, gender, occupation, education, monthly
household income, family size and distance travelled to store have significant association
with retail format choice decisions. The choice decisions are also varied among shoppers
demographic attributes. The findings from shoppers psychographic dimensions like values,
lifestyle factors and shopping orientations resulted in segmentation of food and grocery retail
consumers into hedonic, utilitarian, autonomous, conventional and socialization type.
Practical implications The study has practical implications for food and grocery retailers for
better understanding the shopper behaviour in the context of changing consumer
demographic and psychographic characteristics in an emerging Indian retail market. The
findings may help the retailers to segment and target the food and grocery retail consumers
and, as a consequence, to undertake more effective retail marketing strategies for competitive
advantage. Originality/value Given the absence of published academic literature and
empirical findings relating to store format choice behaviour in food and grocery retailing in
India, this study may serve as a departure point for future studies in this area of concern. The
research is also relevant to retail marketers in terms of format development and reorientation
of marketing strategies in the fastest growing Indian retail market.

Website characteristics, Trust and purchase

intention in online stores: - An Empirical study
in the Indian context
Journal of Information Science and Technology
JIST 6(2) 2009
Boudhayan Ganguly
Satya Bhusan Dash
Lack of trust in online transactions has been cited, by past scholars, as the main reason for the
abhorrence of online shopping. In this paper we proposed a model and provided empirical
evidence on the impact of the website characteristics on trust in online transactions in Indian
context. In the first phase, we identified and empirically verified the relative importance of
the website factors that develop online trust in India. In the next phase, we have tested the
mediator effect of trust in the relationship between the website factors and purchase intention
(and perceived risk). The present study for the first time provided empirical evidence on the
mediating role of trust in online shopping among Indian customers.

THE FORECASTING OF 3G MARKET IN INDIA

BASED ON REVISED TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE
MODEL
International Journal of Next-Generation Networks (IJNGN)
Vol.2, No.2, June 2010
Dr. Sudha Singh
Dr. D. K. Singh
Dr. M. K. Singh
Sujeet Kumar Singh
3G, processor of 2G services, is a family of standards for mobile telecommunications defined
by the International Telecommunication Union [1]. 3G services include wide-area wireless
voice telephone, video calls, and wireless data, all in a mobile environment. It allows
simultaneous use of speech and data services and higher data rates.3G is defined to facilitate
growth, increased bandwidth and support more diverse applications. The focus of this study
is to examine the factors affecting the adoption of 3G services among Indian people. The
study adopts the revised Technology Acceptance Model by adding five antecedents-perceived
risks, cost of adoption, perceived service quality, subjective norms, and perceived lack of
knowledge. Data have collected from more than 400 school/college/Institution students &
employees of various Government/Private sectors using interviews & various convenience
sampling procedures and analyzed using MS excel and MATLAB. Result shows that
perceived usefulness has the most significant influence on attitude towards using 3G
services,Of the five antecedents, perceived risk and cost of adoption are found to be
significantly influencing attitude towards use. The outcome of this study would be beneficial
to private and public telecommunication organizations, various service providers, business
community, banking services and people of India. Research findings and suggestions for
future research are also discussed.

To Localize or to Standardize on the Web: Empirical Evidence

from Italy, India, Netherlands, Spain, and Switzerland
TheMultinationalBusinessReview
Volume 12 Number 1, Spring 2004
Nitish Singh
Olivier Furrer
Massimiliano Ostinelli
With the growth of worldwide e-commerce, companies are increasingly targeting foreign
online consumers. However, there is a dearth of evidence as to whether global consumers
prefer to browse and buy from standardized global web sites or web sites adapted to their
local cultures. This study provides evidence from five different countries as to whether global
consumers prefer local web content or standardized web content. The study also
measures how the degree of cultural adaptation on the web affects consumer perception of
site effectiveness.

E-shopping: An Analysis of the Uses and Gratifications

Theory
Modern Applied Science
Vol. 6, No. 5; May 2012
Weng Marc Lim
Ding Hooi Ting
The Internet has experienced an exponential growth in the number of users and has created
enormous increases in its marketing and communication applications during a considerably
short period of time. Although both scholars and practitioners have jointly acknowledged the
capabilities of the Internet as a marketing tool that offers great potentials and advantages,
there remains a scarcity of knowledge pertaining to the motivations for using the Internet and
associated online consumer behaviours in more web-specific scenarios. The uses and
gratifications theory (U&G) provides a theoretical grounding and an avenue to further
understand consumers attitude and intention of using the Internet as a shopping channel from
a media perspective. While most of the studies done on the U&G in the Internet are situated
in American and European contexts, this paper considers the U&G structure of online
shoppers in the Asian context (more specifically, in Malaysia). More specifically, this study
attempts to shed some light on how consumers form their attitude and online shopping
intention based on the uses and gratifications structure to the existing literature and
managerial implications for entrepreneurs and marketers of electronic businesses on how best
to serve and attract consumers to shop online via the management of online shopping
technologies.

An Analysis of Factors Affecting on Online Shopping

Behavior of Consumers
International Journal of Marketing Studies
Vol. 4, No. 5; 2012
Mohammad Hossein Moshref Javadi
Hossein Rezaei Dolatabadi
Mojtaba Nourbakhsh
Amir Poursaeedi
Ahmad Reza Asadollahi
one of the most important issues of e-commerce and marketing field. However, there is very
limited knowledge
about online consumer behavior because it is a complicated socio-technical phenomenon and
involves too many
factors. One of the objectives of this study is covering the shortcomings of previous studies
that didn't examine
main factors that influence on online shopping behavior. This goal has been followed by
using a model
examining the impact of perceived risks, infrastructural variables and return policy on
attitude toward online

shopping behavior and subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, domain specific
innovativeness and
attitude on online shopping behavior as the hypotheses of study. To investigate these
hypotheses 200
questionnaires dispersed among online stores of Iran. Respondents to the questionnaire were
consumers of online
stores in Iran which randomly selected. Finally regression analysis was used on data in order
to test hypothesizes
of study. This study can be considered as an applied research from purpose perspective and
descriptive-survey
with regard to the nature and method (type of correlation).
The study identified that financial risks and non-delivery risk negatively affected attitude
toward online shopping.
Results also indicated that domain specific innovativeness and subjective norms positively
affect online
shopping behavior. Furthermore, attitude toward online shopping positively affected online
shopping behavior of
consumers.

Impact of Utilitarian and Hedonic Shopping Values on

Individuals
Perceived Benefits and Risks in Online Shopping
International Management Review
Vol. 7 No. 1 2011
Abhigyan Sarkar
An individuals overall perceived shopping value has two dimensions utilitarian and
hedonic. Utilitarian shopping value relates to the functional aspects of the shopping context.
Hedonic
shopping value is derived from the perceived fun or playfulness of the shopping. An
individual also
assumes some benefits and risks in any shopping context. The e-shopping tendency is
increasing
rapidly among buyers across the world, which is the focus of this study. This study
investigates how
the individual buyers perceived benefits and risks in e-shopping are influenced by his or her
perceived
utilitarian or hedonic shopping values.

Website design, trust, satisfaction and e-loyalty:

The Indian experience
Purpose: With rapid expansion of global online markets including India, researchers and
practitioners are challenged to understand drivers of customer website satisfaction, trust, and
loyalty. In this research, website design is expected to influence if customers revisit an online
vendor. Design/Method: Based on surveys and interview data collected in India, participants
evaluated a local and foreign website of the same online vendor. Findings: Results indicate
significant preferences for the local website for almost all design categories. Further, the local
site instilled Data collected for this study are compared with parallel work conducted in four
other countries using the same procedures. Research Limitations/Implications: The current
investigation is relevant for researchers who aim to expand knowledge concerning the impact
of website design related to user trust, satisfaction, and loyalty. The work also has
implications for Web designer or managers who seek to enhance market attraction and
retention to online websites. Limitation of the investigation is that both the local and foreign
websites used are Samsung websites, and that only a single task (searching for a cell phone)
was used.

Toward an Integrated Framework for Online Consumer

Behavior and Decision Making Process: A Review
PSYCHOLOGY AND MARKETING
FEBRUARY 2010
William K. Darley
Charles Blankson
Denise J. Luethge
This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent empirical studies dealing with online
consumer behavior and decision-making processes. To that end, the paper adapts and extends
Engel, Kollat, and Blackwells (1978) and Engel, Blackwell, and Miniards (1986) decisionmaking model as backdrop in the review of the literature. The vast majority of studies
examine the link between external factors and one or more components of the decisionmaking process. The findings of this study show a paucity of research on a number of
components of decision making, as well as inconsistencies in the way the online environment
is characterized. Finally, the findings show thatstudent samples are prevalent among the
studies identified and the research method is biased toward the survey method as opposed to

experimentation. Discussion and conclusions are provided, and directions for future research
are presented. 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Acceptance of E-banking among Adult Customers: An

Empirical Investigation in India
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce
August 2010, vol. 15, no.2
Neha Dixit
Dr. Saroj K. Datta
Internet banking is a form of self service technology. The numbers of Internet users have
increased dramatically, but most of them are reluctant to provide sensitive personal
information to websites because they do not trust e-commerce security. This paper
investigates the factors which are affecting the acceptance of e-banking services among
adult customers and also indicates level of concern regarding security and privacy
issues in Indian context. Primary data was collected from 200 respondents, above the
age of 35, through a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis, descriptive statistics
was used to explain demographic profile of respondents and also Factor and Regression
analyses were used to know trend of internet use and factors affecting e-banking services
among adult customer in India. The finding depicts many factors like security &
privacy, trust, innovativeness, familiarity, awareness level increase the acceptance of
ebanking
services among Indian customers. The finding shows that in spite of their
security and privacy concern, adult customers are willing to adopt online banking if
banks provide him necessary guidance. Based on the results of current study, Banks
managers would segment the market on the basis of age group and take their opinion
and will provide them necessary guidance regarding use of online banking.

A Model of Trust in Online Relationship

Banking
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BANK MARKETING FEBRUARY 2003
Avinandan Mukherjee
Prithwiraj Nath
The role of trust encompasses the exchanges and interactions of a retail bank with its
customers on various dimensions of online banking. Specifically lays stress on the bank-tocustomer exchanges taking place through the technological interface. Hypothesizes shared
value, communication and opportunistic behaviour as antecedents to trust. Trust and
commitment also have a causal relationship. Proposes and empirically tests five hypotheses
with a sample of 510 Internet users of various profiles in India. Develops a structural

equation model (Lisrel) and establishes all hypotheses. Observes that shared value is most
critical to developing trust as well as relationship commitment. Communication has a
moderate influence on trust, while opportunistic behaviour has significant negative effect.
Also finds higher perceived trust to enhance significantly customers commitment in online
banking transaction. An important contribution concerns how trust is developed and sustained
over different levels of customer relationship in online banking. The future commitment of
the customers to online banking
depends on perceived trust

IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS OF

CONSUMERS ON ONLINE
SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR: A STUDY OF CONSUMERS
IN INDIA
International journal of engineering and management sciences
VOL.3(1) 2012: 43-52
Dahiya Richa
On-line shopping is a recent phenomenon in the field of E-Business and is definitely going to
be the future of shopping in the world. Most of the companies are running their on-line
portals to sell their products/services on-line. Though online shopping is very common
outside India, its growth in Indian Market, which is a large and strategic consumer market, is
still not in line with the global market. The potential growth of on-line shopping has triggered
the idea of conducting a study on on-line shopping in India. The present research paper has
used Qualitative and Quantitative research methods to study the impact of Demographic
factors of consumers on on-line shopping parameters like satisfaction with on-line shopping,
future purchase intention, frequency of on-line shopping, numbers of items purchased, and
overall spend on on-line shopping. The data was collected through Questionnaires on a
sample of 580 respondents from Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad and Bangalore. The
results of study reveal that on-line shopping in India is significantly affected by various
Demographic factors like age, gender, marital status, family size and income. The results of
the study could be further used by the researchers and practitioners for conducting future
studies in the similar area.

Internet Banking Adoption in an Emerging

Economy: Indian Consumers Perspective
International Arab Journal of e-Technology
Vol. 2, No. 1, January 2011
Rahmath Safeena
Hema Date
Abdullah Kammani
Information technology Services is considered as the key driver for the changes taking place
around the world.
Internet banking (IB) is the latest and most innovative service and is the new trend among the
consumers. The shift from the formal banking to e-banking has been a 'leap' change. This
study determines the factors influencing the consumers adoption of internet banking in India
and hence investigates the influence of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and
perceived risk on use of IB. It is an essential part of a banks strategy formulation process in
an emerging economy like India. Survey based questionnaire design with empirical test was
carried out. The results have supported the hypothesis.

E-Commerce: A Study on Online Shopping in Malaysia

Kamla-Raj 2006
J. Soc. Sci., 13(3): 231-242
Adeline Chua Phaik Harn
Ali.Khatibi
Hishamuddin bin Ismail
Despite the high potential of online shopping in Malaysia, there is still a lack of
understanding concerning the subject matter and its potential impact on consumer marketing.
This study aims to establish a preliminary assessment, evaluation and understanding of the
characteristics of online shopping in Malaysia. The Chisquire test was used to determine the
relationship between current online shoppers and demographic variables. Samples t-test was
then used to compare the mean differences between current online shoppers and non-online
shoppers. Then, correlation coefficient matrix was employed to determine the degree of
correlation between future online shopping and issues concerning online shopping. The study
revealed that online shopping in Malaysia is significantly associated with the Chinese ethnic

group, university degree holders and credit cards or chequebooks owners. The results also
indicated a significant mean difference between online shoppers and non-online shoppers in
gathering product information and comparing price of goods and services before a purchase
decision. Results also indicate that this group of non-online shoppers constitutes more than
60% of the total number of online consumers in Malaysia, implying a huge potential of
shopping online consumers in Malaysia still lack confidence and trust in utilizing the Internet
as a shopping channel. They are mainly concerned about issues related to privacy and trust
when dealing with online retailers. These issues, if left unchecked, will have a detrimental
effect on the future growth of online shopping in Malaysia.

E-Ticketing as a New Way of Buying Tickets: Malaysian

Perceptions
Kamla-Raj 2008
J. Soc. Sci., 17(2): 149-157
Ainin Sulaiman
Josephine Ng
Suhana Mohezar
The main aim of the study is to identify e-ticketing trends among urban communities
particularly in Kuala Lumpur. This study investigates the usage trends and patterns of eticketing. In addition, the study also focused on the customers perspectives towards eticketing in terms of its usefulness, reliability, security, convenience and efficiency. The study
also examines the impact of demographic variables on e-ticketing adoption towards eticketing. A survey was carried out among Internet users in Kuala Lumpur. Questionnaires
were distributed randomly to 500 people. Kuala Lumpur was chosen as it has the highest
number of Internet users. The study found that e-ticketing is not a new phenomenon as nearly
fifty percent of the respondents have been buying tickets online for the past two years and
purchasing airline tickets seems to dominate the online ticketing services. It was also
discovered that convenience and ease of use are among the factors that motivated the
respondents to purchase tickets online. The study also revealed that online ticket purchasers
are the young, educated and with higher income bracket.

Chapter-3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Objectives
1. To study the consumer behavior at online shopping.
2.
3.
4.
5.

To study consumers buying tactic, shopping priority online shopping.

To study consumers shopping experience at online websites.
To find out the consumers perception towards online shopping.
To analysis different attributes of layout & ambience, Services, Sales personnel and

Promotional & Endorsement tool in online shopping website.

6. To find the Expectation of customers Desirable/wishful factors in future they want in
online shopping.
METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION
There are two sources of data collection- Primary source and Secondary source
Under Primary data I have selected Questionnaire Method as the method of my data
collection. I have taken the data of those who does online shopping.

SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND SAMPLING SIZE

The entire data collection is done from the various places in Ahmadabad. This data collection
is done for knowing the behavior of the consumers towards shopping malls in Ahmadabad.
Data collection is done randomly and it does not have any bias.
The sample size of my project is 100 units.

DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS

In this research process two analysis tools are used to analyse the primary data.
SPSS is used to store data, where all variables are recorded and it was very easy to
analyse and compare all variables.
Microsoft office excel is also used to make table and related graph.
These tools were used to analyse the primary data and helped to make the report.
A mixture of quantitative methods was used to analyse the data, namely the Chisquared test.

PROBLEMS FACED DURING PROJECT

Not all the respondents were fully interested in filing the questionnaire.
Due to sample size of 100 it was difficult to find whole population data as study is
done in limited area.
The answers given by the respondents have taken as final as per their perception.
Some of the respondents were unable to understand the questions.
Respondents were in hurry and some of them were neglecting.

LEARNING FROM PROJECT

The Study of this project report gave me brief knowledge about the consumer buying
behaviour in online shopping and what they want in future from Online shopping.
It helped me to deal with the respondents and to know about their views and believes.
The preparation of the project report gave me an opportunity to deal with different
types of respondents and to observe their behaviour. Some of them were rude and
some of them were very kind and cooperative.

Chapter-4

DATA ANALYSIS
Univariate
Gender

Frequency

Male

60

Female

30

Gender

Male

33%

Female
67%

Interpretation:
As we can conclude that the online shopping is more preferred by Male rather than Female.

Age_re

Frequency

upto 24

33

25-30

35

31-36

12

37 & above

10

Total

90

Age_re
upto 24

11%
13%

37%

25-30
31-36
37 & above

39%

Interpretation:
The above figure it shows that most of the respondent (Consumers) belong to the age group
25-30 years (39%) followed by 37% of upto 24 years and 13% of 31-36 years and a very
small percentage of respondent belong to the age group of 37 and Above years.

Occupation

Frequency

business

23

job

28

student

34

housewife

Total

90

Occupation
business

6%
26%

job
student

38%

housewife
31%

Income_re

Frequency

12000-23000

13

24000-30000

16

31000-38000

11

39000-100000

Income_re

18%

12000-23000
24000-30000

27%

31000-38000
39000-100000

22%
33%

Have you ever had online shopping ?

Frequency

yes

90

Have you ever had online shopping ?

Frequency

100%

How many times did you have online shopping during last year
?

Frequency

1-5

68

6-10

18

11-15

16-20

Total

90

How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?
1-5

1% 3%
20%

6-10
11-15
16-20
76%

Which of these websites have you already used or

visited?
amazon

Frequency

flipkart

28

ebay

18

37

other

Total

90

Which of these websites have you already used or visited?

other; 8%
ebay; 20%

amazon; 41%

flipkart; 31%

Which online shopping website is providing cheaper deals

?
amazon

Frequency

flipkart

28

ebay

28

shopclues

snapdeal

23

Total

90

Which online shopping website is providing cheaper deals ?

amazon
flipkart
ebay
shopclues
snapdeal

What type of product do you purchase through online shopping

?
electronic

Frequency

clothing

19

29

shoes

babyproduct

traveling

other

26

Total

90

What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ?

electronic
clothing
29%

shoes

32%

babyproduct
traveling

6%
4%

other
8% 21%

Do you find product of your choice easily ?

Frequency

yes

87

no

Total

90

Do you find product of your choice easily ?

yes
no

Which payment method do you use ?

Frequency

COD

38

debit card

18

net banking

19

credit card

15

Total

90

Which payment method do you use ?

COD

17%

debit card
net banking

42%

credit card

21%
20%

Which are advantage of online shopping?

Frequency

Having comparison shopping

21

Wide variety of brand choice

34

Money saving

34

other

Total

90

Which are advantage of online shopping?

Having comparison shopping

1%

23%

38%

Wide variety of brand choice

Money saving
other

38%

Have you felt any problem while conducting online purchase

?
yes

Frequency

no

54

Total

90

36

Have you felt any problem while conducting online purchase ?

yes
no

If yes, what kind of problems did you faced ?

Frequency

Delay in delivery

17

Cheap quality of product

Damaged product

10

Non-delivery

Total

36

System

54
90

If yes, what kind of problems did you faced ?

Delay in delivery
Cheap quality of product
Damaged product
Non-delivery
Total
System

Bi-variate
gender * How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?
1

10

15

20

Male

17

12

60

Femal

30

gender * How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?
18
16
14
12

Male

10

Female

8
6
4
2
0

10

15

20

age_re * Which of these websites have you already used or visited?

amazon

flipkart

ebay

other

upto 24

12

12

33

25-30

16

35

31-36

12

37 & above

10

age_re * Which of these websites have you already used or visited?

18
16
14

upto 24

12

25-30

10

31-36
37 & above

8
6
4
2
0

amazon

flipkart

ebay

other

age_re * Which online shopping website is providing cheaper deals ?

upto 24

13

13

33

25-30

12

10

35

31-36

12

37 & above

10

age_re * Which online shopping website is providing cheaper deals ?

14
12
upto 24

10

25-30

31-36

37 & above

4
2
0

amazon

flipkart

ebay

shopclues

snapdeal

gender * What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ?

electronic

clothing

shoes

babyproduct

traveling

other

Male

25

16

60

Female

10

10

30

gender * What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ?

30
25
20

Male
Female

15
10
5
0

electronic

clothing

shoes

babyproduct traveling

other

COD

debit card

net banking

credit card

occupation * Which payment method do you use ?

business

23

job

10

28

student

17

34

housewife

occupation * Which payment method do you use ?

18
16
14

business

12

job

10

student
housewife

8
6
4
2
0

COD

debit card

net banking

credit card

Hypothysis
1
gender * How many times did you have online shopping during last year ?Crosstabulation
q2_re
1-5
gender

Male

Count
% within gender

Female

Count
% within gender

Total

Count
% within gender

6-10

Total
11-15

16-20

46

11

60

76.7%

18.3%

0.0%

5.0%

100.0%

22

30

73.3%

23.3%

3.3%

0.0%

100.0%

68

18

90

75.6%

20.0%

1.1%

3.3%

100.0%

Chi-Square Tests
Value
Pearson Chi-Square
Likelihood Ratio
Linear-by-Linear Association
N of Valid Cases

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

3.779a

.286

4.903

.179

.050

.823

90

a. 4 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .33.

2
gender * What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ? Crosstabulation
What type of product do you purchase through online shopping ?

gender

Male

electroni

clothin

Count
%

shoes

babyproduc

travelin

Total

other

25

16

60

41.7%

15.0%

10.0

0.0%

6.7%

26.7

100.0

within

gende
r
Femal

Count

10

10

30

13.3%

33.3%

3.3%

13.3%

3.3%

33.3

100.0

within
gende
r
Total

Count
%

29

19

26

90

32.2%

21.1%

7.8%

4.4%

5.6%

28.9

100.0

within
gende
r

Chi-Square Tests
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

18.018a

.003

Likelihood Ratio

19.624

.001

Linear-by-Linear Association

1.926

.165

N of Valid Cases

90

a. 6 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.33.

3
occupation * Which payment method do you use ? Crosstabulation
Which payment method do you use ?
COD
occupatio

business

Count
% within

Total

debit

net

credit

card

banking

card

23

26.1%

26.1%

26.1%

21.7%

100.0

occupation
job

Count
% within

10

28

35.7%

17.9%

25.0%

21.4%

100.0

occupation
student

Count
% within

17

34

50.0%

20.6%

17.6%

11.8%

100.0

occupation
housewif

Count

% within

Total

%
5

100.0

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

100.0

occupation

Count

38

18

19

15

90

42.2%

20.0%

21.1%

16.7%

100.0

% within

occupation

%
Chi-Square Tests
Value

df

Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square

11.414a

.248

Likelihood Ratio

13.348

.147

6.976

.008

Linear-by-Linear Association
N of Valid Cases

90

a. 8 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .83.