Presentation

Past, Present, and the Future of Architecture

Introduction
o Today I will talk about what architecture is, what it was, what the
future will look like, and what we as a community can do for
sustaining architecture.
o The purpose of this is for you to understand why it is important
to protect architecture.
So what is architecture??
Video!!!
o Architecture is more than just buildings, its where people work
and live their lives. Architecture is the art, science, and business
of building.
What does an architect do?
o Architects create homes, offices, schools and churches. They are
talented people with a flair for design, awareness of trends,
knowledge of business, and have solid engineering skills
The history is where architecture all started
o Humans have been building since 11,600 BC. Structures were
built in the sand, in rocks, forests, etc.
o Since 3,500 BC, we have gotten more complicated and built
megaliths, (which are large stones linked together to make a
monument or building), mud structures, and Stonehenge.
Stonehenge is a prehistoric stone monument in Wiltshire,
England built in 3,100 BC. The picture below is Stonehenge
o By 3,050 BC, pyramids were built and they were huge. These
were the largest structures of its time. This is the Pyramid of Giza
o Architecture continued to get stronger and beautiful. The Age of
Awakening was an age where architecture blew wide open in
which it got really popular. People wanted to design architecture
that impressed the world. The reason it impressed the world is
because it looked so beautiful.
Frank Lloyd Wright and Leonardo da Vinci were architects that have
changed this world so much.
o Wright was a 20th century American architect who design more
then 1000 structures but sadly only 532 of them actually got
built. Vinci is mostly known for paintings but he also designed
architecture.
Most architects in this day in age use a software called CADD which is
short for Computer Aided Drafting and Design.

o CADD helps architects and drafters design buildings that are any
shapes and sizes.
The building process for a building takes a long time because there are
so many steps an architect has to takes.
o There are Five Phases in which an architect takes, they are the
Schematic Design, Design & Development, Construction, Bidding
& Negotiation, and the final one is Contract Administration.
Schematic designs are rough drawings that give the architect and
client an idea of the building
Design and development includes floor plans, elevations, etc. This step
is where architects will draw many different drawings. Projects can be
very large is just small and they all include many sheets of paper. A
small project can have up to 100 individual sheets of paper and a large
project can easily have 700 individual sheets of paper.
The last 3 stages are when the construction starts, and when the
architect makes the contract so the client can start paying.
Passive house is something that every building needs. It is a concept
that is used to reduce the usage of greenhouse gases.
o There are a few things that are needed for a building to be a
passive house. The building needs to be very well insulated,
airtight, so no energy is lost, and because of that, up to 90% of
heating costs can be saved.
LEED is short for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design,
which is a popular green building certification used all over the world.
o Its a rating system for designs, construction, operations, and
maintenance of a building. LEED is used in buildings and homes
that try and help building and home owners be more
environmentally friendly and use their resources more efficiently.
Here are some fascinating buildings that really interest me.
This is the Shanghai Tower in Shanghai, China. The
o 120-degree twist in the building was designed to reduce wind
resistance by 24%. It also reduced the amount of material used
by $58 million US.
This is Burj Al Arab, which is located in Dubai.
o This is a very large hotel shaped into a sail. Because of the
shape, 39% of the building is not usable for occupancy.
This is Burj Khalifa located in Dubai.
o It is the tallest tower in the world ranging at 160 stories.
This is the Empire State Building located in New York City. It was the
worlds tallest tower for nearly 40 years from 1931 to 1970.
This is a public library located in Seattle. It was built to get people to
interact with other people through books, media, and social media

This is the CCTV Headquarters located in China.

o It is the headquarters for Chinas media. The building was codesigned by Rem Koolhaas and Ole Scheeren of the Office for
Metropolitan Architecture (OMA).
o The building was built to get all the people who worked there,
work as a community, which explains the looped shaped
building.
Sustainability is something that needs to be thought of when
designing, constructing, and maintaining a building.
o Some architects are trying to eliminate vehicles from the picture
of buildings and cities because in the pasts years and present,
they have all designed buildings around vehicles not around
people as much.
So architecture is where people work, live their lives, help construct,
and need to help sustain.