Mastering SLE Course

Ophthalmology
Dr. Nizar Alhibshi

 This is a Snellen chart, how far should the patient stand:

a) 3m
b) 6m
c) 9m

 This is a Snellen chart, how far should the patient stand:

a) 3m
b) 6m
c) 9m

 This is a Snellen chart, how far should the patient stand:

a) 3m
b) 6m or 20 feet
c) 9m

 Picture of Snellen chart, 70 year old patient can only read to the 3rd
line, what is his visual acuity?
a) 20\100
b) 20\70
c) 20\50
d) 20\40

 Picture of Snellen chart, 70 year old patient can only read to the 3rd
line, what is his visual acuity?
a) 20\100
b) 20\70
c) 20\50
d) 20\40

 Picture of Snellen chart, 70 year old patient can only read to the 3rd
line, what is his visual acuity?
a) 20\100
b) 20\70 or 6/24
c) 20\50
d) 20\40

 Picture of Snellen chart, 70 year old patient can only read to the 3rd
line, what is his visual acuity?
a) 20\100
b) 20\70 or 6/24
c) 20\50
d) 20\40
What Does This Mean?

 This patient see letters at 20 feet, where normally it should be seen

at 70 feet (24m).

 Patient with URTI when he coughs or sneezes, he can see lashes,

what is the cause?
a) Mechanical stimuli to retina
b) Irritation of optic disc

 Patient with URTI when he coughs or sneezes, he can see lashes,

what is the cause?
a) Mechanical stimuli to retina
b) Irritation of optic disc
Stimulates the retina photoreceptors and can also be seen as flashes of
light..

 Patient came to you complaining of gradual loss of vision & now he

can only identify light. Which of the following is the LEAST cause of
his problem:
a) Retinal detachment
b) Central retinal artery occlusion
c) Retinitis pigmentosa
d) Retrobulbar neuritis

 Patient came to you complaining of gradual loss of vision & now he

can only identify light. which of the following is the LEAST cause of his
problem:
a) Retinal detachment
b) Central retinal artery occlusion
c) Retinitis pigmentosa
d) Retrobulbar neuritis

 All the following may cause sudden unilateral blindness EXCEPT:

a) Retinitis pigmentosa.
b) Retro-bulbar neuritis.
c) Retinal detachment.
d) Vitreous hemorrhage.
e) Central retinal artery embolism.

 All the following may cause sudden unilateral blindness EXCEPT:

a) Retinitis pigmentosa.
b) Retro-bulbar neuritis.
c) Retinal detachment.
d) Vitreous hemorrhage.
e) Central retinal artery embolism.

 All of the following cause photosensitivity (photophobia) except:

a) Lithium
b) Propranolol
c) Tetracycline
d) Chloropromazine
e) Chloropropamide

 All of the following cause photosensitivity (photophobia) except:

a) Lithium
b) Propranolol
c) Tetracycline
d) Chloropromazine
e) Chloropropamide

 All of the following cause photosensitivity (photophobia) except:

a) Lithium (Used primarily in the treatment of bipolar disorders)
b) Propranolol
c) Tetracycline
d) Chloropromazine
e) Chloropropamide

 Which of the following is true regarding red eye:

a) More redness in the corneal-scleral junction (limbus) suggests iritis.
b) If associated with fixed middilated pupil suggests anterior uveitis.
c) In case of glaucoma treatment is mydriatics.

 Which of the following is true regarding red eye:

a) More redness in the corneal-scleral junction (limbus) suggests iritis.
b) If associated with fixed middilated pupil suggests anterior uveitis
c) In case of glaucoma treatment is mydriatics

 The most serious red eye that needs urgent referral to an

Ophthalmologist .
a) Associated with itching
b) Presence of mucopurulant discharge
c) Bilateral
d) Associated with photophobia

 The most serious red eye that needs urgent referral to an

Ophthalmologist .
a) Associated with itching
b) Presence of mucopurulant discharge
c) Bilateral
d) Associated with photophobia

 A child presented with proptosis (exophthalmos), red eye, restricted

eye movements, what is the diagnosis:
A.
B.
C.
D.

Orbital Cellulitis
Conjunctivitis
Periorbital Cellulitis
Dacrocystitis

 A child presented with proptosis (exophthalmos), red eye, restricted

eye movements, what is the diagnosis:
A.
B.
C.
D.

Orbital Cellulitis
Conjunctivitis
Periorbital Cellulitis
Dacrocystitis

 Patient complains of dry eyes, moisturizing eye drops were

prescribed 4 times daily. What is the most appropriate method of
application of these eye drops?
a) 1 drop in the lower fornix
b) 2 drops in the lower fornix
c) 1 drop in the upper fornix
d) 1 drop on the cornea

 Patient complains of dry eyes, moisturizing eye drops were

prescribed 4 times daily. What is the most appropriate method of
application of these eye drops?
a) 1 drop in the lower fornix
b) 2 drops in the lower fornix
c) 1 drop in the upper fornix
d) 1 drop on the cornea

 Patient complains of dry eyes, moisturizing eye drops were

prescribed 4 times daily. What is the most appropriate method of
application of these eye drops?
a) 1 drop in the lower fornix
*If a patient is prescribed both, eye drops and ointment, the eye
drops are used first
*If more than one type of eye drops are prescribed, the patient
should wait five minutes after the first drop before putting in the
second one.

 Patient is wearing contact lenses for vision correction since ten

years, now complaining of excessive tearing when exposed to bright
light, what will be your advice to him:
a) Wear hat
b) Wear sunglasses
c) Remove the lenses at night
d) Saline eye drops 4 times / day

 Patient is wearing contact lenses for vision correction since ten

years, now complaining of excessive tearing when exposed to bright
light, what will be your advice to him:
a) Wear hat
b) Wear sunglasses
c) Remove the lenses at night
d) Saline eye drops 4 times / day

 Gardener has recurrent conjunctivitis. He cant avoid exposure to

environment. In order to decrease the symptoms in the evening,
you should advise him to:
a) Warm compressions

b) Eye irrigation with Vinegar Solution

c) Contact lenses
d) Antihistamines

 Gardener has recurrent conjunctivitis. He cant avoid exposure to

environment. In order to decrease the symptoms in the evening,
you should advise him to:
a) Warm compressions

b) Eye irrigation with Vinegar Solution

c) Contact lenses
d) Antihistamines and cold compressions

 A 6 weeks old infant presented with yellowish eye discharge and

persistent tearing of one eye since birth, all of the following are true
Except:

a) Treatment include sulphacetamide ointment daily

b) Advice the mother to do warm massage
c) Can be treated by systemic antibiotics
d) Do probing to bypass the obstruction

 A 6 weeks old infant presented with yellowish eye discharge and

persistent tearing of one eye since birth, all of the following are true
Except:

a) Treatment include sulphacetamide ointment daily

b) Advice the mother to do warm massage
c) Can be treated by systemic antibiotics
d) Do probing to bypass the obstruction

 Patient presents with history of flu like symptoms for many days &
complains of peri-orbital edema, DX
a) Viral conjunctivitis

b) Bacterial conjunctivitis
c) Keratitis

 Patient presents with history of flu like symptoms for many days &
complains of peri-orbital edema, DX
a) Viral conjunctivitis

b) Bacterial conjunctivitis
c) Keratitis

 Patient presents with history of flu like symptoms for many days &
examination shows pre-auricular lymphadenopathy, DX
a) Viral conjunctivitis

b) Bacterial conjunctivitis
c) Keratitis

 Patient with bilateral eye redness. Discharge and tearing. On

examination, cornea, lens all normal but noted are conjunctival
follicles DX:
a) Acute conjunctivitis
b) Allergic Conjunctivitis
c) Contact lens toxicity

 Patient with bilateral eye redness. Discharge and tearing. On

examination, cornea, lens all normal but noted are conjunctival
follicles DX:
a) Acute conjunctivitis.
b) Allergic Conjunctivitis
c) Contact lens toxicity

Papillae are usually due to an allergic reaction

 Patient presented with eye pain and watery discharge. A fly hit his
eye but it was removed. You will give:
a) Topical antibiotic
a) Adenoviruses
b) Streptococcus
c) HSV

 Patient presented with eye pain and watery discharge. A fly hit his
eye but it was removed. You will give:
a) Topical antibiotic
a) Adenoviruses
b) Streptococcus
c) HSV

 2 year old boy with coryza, cough and red eyes with watery
discharge (a case of measles). Most likely diagnosis of the red eyes is:
a) Conjunctivitis
b) Blepharitis
c) Keratitis

 2 year old boy with coryza, cough and red eyes with watery
discharge (a case of measles). Most likely diagnosis of the red eyes is:

a) Conjunctivitis
b) Blepharitis
c) Keratitis
Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid margins.
Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea.

 A patient complains of 2 days history of stuck together lashes on

waking up. There is a muco-purulent discharge. Anterior Chamber,
and iris are clear. What is the diagnosis?
a) Bacterial Infection

b) Viral Infection
c) Allergy

 A patient complains of 2 days history of stuck together lashes on

waking up. There is a muco-purulent discharge. Anterior Chamber,
and iris are clear. What is the diagnosis?
a) Bacterial Infection

b) Viral Infection Watery Discharge + Pre-auricular

Lymphadenopathy
c) Allergy Watery Discharge + History of Other Allergies

 Patient with recent history of URTI, develops severe conjunctivitis

with redness and tearing, what is the treatment?
a) Topical antibiotic
b) Topical acyclovir
c) Oral acyclovir
d) Topical steroid

 Patient with recent history of URTI, develops severe conjunctivitis

with redness and tearing, what is the treatment?
a) Topical antibiotic If There is a secondary Bacterial Infection
b) Topical acyclovir
c) Oral acyclovir
d) Topical steroid In Some Advanced Cases
e) Anti-Histamine Drops
f) Lubricating Drops
g) Cold compresses

 13 year old otherwise healthy, has bought a cat, now he has

congested eyes and nose with stingy discharge with no enlarged
lymph nodes:
a) Allergic conjunctivitis
b) Keratoconjuctivitis sicca
c) Cat scratch disease

13 year old otherwise healthy, has bought a cat, now he has

congested eyes and nose with stingy discharge with no enlarged
lymph nodes:
a) Allergic conjunctivitis
b) Keratoconjuctivitis sicca (Dry Eyes)
c) Cat scratch disease (No Lymphadenopathy)

 Patient with red eyes for one day with watery discharge, No itching
or pain or trauma there is conjunctival injection, visual acuity 20/20,
what is the management?

a) Antihistamines
b) Topical antibiotics
c) No further management is needed
d) Refer to Ophthalmologist
e) Topical steroids

 Patient with red eyes for one day with watery discharge, No itching
or pain or trauma there is conjunctival injection, visual acuity 20/20,
what is the management?

a) Antihistamines
b) Topical antibiotics
c) No further management is needed
d) Refer to Ophthalmologist
e) Topical steroids

 Neonate with mucopurulant eye discharge, and lid swelling has a

culture positive for gram ve diplococci, what is the treatment?
a) Intravenous Cephalosporins
b) Topical Sulfonamides
c) Oral Fluoroquinolone
d) IM Aminoglycoside

Neonate with mucopurulant eye discharge, and lid swelling has a

culture positive for gram ve diplococci, what is the treatment?
(Gonococcal conjunctivitis)
a) Intravenous Cephalosporins
b) Topical Sulfonamides
c) Oral Fluoroquinolones
d) IM Aminoglycoside

 Patient with pterygium in one eye, the other eye is normal, what's
correct to tell:
a) It's due to vitaminosis A.
b) It may affect vision.
c) It's a part of a systemic disease.

 Patient with pterygium in one eye, the other eye is normal, what's
correct to tell:
a) It's due to vitaminosis A.
b) It may affect vision. (& Its caused by Prolonged Exposure to UV
Light)
c) It's a part of a systemic disease.

Treatment Surgery When Vision Could be Affected or for

Cosmetic Reasons

 Patient with subconjunctival hemorrhage. What will you do for

him/her?
a) Reassurance
b) Send him to the ophthalmologist
c) Topical antibiotics
d) Eye patch

 Patient with subconjunctival hemorrhage. What will you do for him/her?

a) Reassurance
b) Send him to the ophthalmologist
c) Topical antibiotics
d) Eye patch
*None required
*Artificial tears
*Elective use of NSAID should be discouraged
*Treat The Cause (eg Hypertension or Bleeding disorder)

 A patient developed a corneal ulcer in his right eye after trauma,

what is the management?
a) Topical antibiotic & analgesia
b) Topical steroids
c) Topical Antibiotic, cycloplegia and refer to ophthalmology

 A patient developed a corneal ulcer in his right eye after trauma,

what is the management?
a) Topical antibiotic & analgesia
b) Topical steroids
c) Topical Antibiotic, cycloplegia and URGENT referrel to
ophthalmology

DO NOT PATCH

 35 year old female patient complaining of acute redness and pain in

her Left eye for 2 days, she gives history of visual blurring and use of
contact lens as well. On examination: fluorescein stain shows a
dendritic ulcer at the center of the cornea, what is the most likely
diagnosis?
a) Corneal abrasion
b) Herpetic ulcer
c) Central lens stress ulcer
d) Acute Episcleritis
e) Acute angle closure glaucoma

 35 year old female patient complaining of acute redness and pain in

her Left eye for 2 days, she gives history of visual blurring and use of
contact lens as well. On examination: fluorescein stain shows a
dendritic ulcer at the center of the cornea, what is the most likely
diagnosis?
a) Corneal abrasion
b) Herpetic ulcer
c) Central lens stress ulcer
d) Acute Episcleritis
e) Acute angle closure glaucoma

 Patient presents with a corneal abrasion, treatment includes all the

following except:

a) Cover the eye with antibiotic ointment and dressing for 24 hours
b) Antibiotic ointment put it in the home without covering the eye
c) Bandage contact lens
d) No treatment necessary, it heals spontaneously

 Patient presents with a corneal abrasion, treatment includes all the

following except:

a) Cover the eye with antibiotic ointment and dressing for 24 hrs
b) Antibiotic ointment put it in the home without covering the eye
c) Bandage contact lens
d) No treatment necessary, it heals spontaneously

 Patient presented with constricted pupil, ciliary flush and a cloudy

anterior chamber, but there are no abnormalities in eye lids, vision or
lacrimal ducts, what is the diagnosis?
a) Uveitis
b) Central vein thrombosis
c) Central artery embolism
d) Acute angle closure glaucoma

 Patient presented with constricted pupil, ciliary flush and a cloudy

anterior chamber, but there are no abnormalities in eye lids, vision or
lacrimal ducts, what is the diagnosis?
a) Uveitis
b) Central vein thrombosis
c) Central artery embolism
d) Acute angle closure glaucoma

 Photophobia, blurred vision, keratic precipitates on the cornea and

cells in anterior chamber, the best treatment is:
a) Topical antifungal
b) Topical Acyclovir
c) Antibiotic
d) Steroids

 Photophobia, blurred vision, keratic precipitates on the cornea and

cells in anterior chamber, the best treatment is:
a) Topical antifungal
b) Topical Acyclovir
c) Antibiotic
d) Steroids

 Anterior uveitis is a character of the following except:

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

RA
Sarcoidosis
Behcet disease.
Reiter's syndrome.
Hunters Disease

 Anterior uveitis is a character of the following except:

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

RA
Sarcoidosis
Behcet disease.
Reiter's syndrome.
Hunters Disease.

 Anterior uveitis is associated with the following systemic conditions:

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)

RA
Sarcoidosis
Behcet disease.
Reiter's syndrome.
Ankylosing spondylitis.
Sacroiliitis
Psoriasis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Juvenile Idiopathic arthritis

 TB patient suffering from a painful red eye and photophobia, what is

the most likely condition:
a) Glaucoma
b) Uveitis
c) Bacterial conjunctivitis
d) Viral conjunctivitis

 TB patient suffering from a painful red eye and photophobia, what is

the most likely condition:
a) Glaucoma
b) Uveitis
c) Bacterial conjunctivitis
d) Viral conjunctivitis

 How to differentiate between Uveitis and Keratitis in red eye:

a) Decrease visual acuity (Blurred vision)

b) Photophobia
c) Peri-orbital edema
d) Cilliary flush

 How to differentiate between Uveitis and Keratitis in red eye:

a) Decrease visual acuity (Blurred vision)

b) Photophobia
c) Peri-orbital edema
d) Cilliary flush

Management of Uveitis
*Corticosteroids are used to reduce inflammation and prevent adhesions in
the eye. They may be given topically, orally, intravenously, intramuscularly, or
by peri-ocular or intra-ocular injection.
*Cycloplegic-mydriatic (pupil dilating) drops are also given to paralyze the
ciliary body. This relieves pain and prevents adhesions between the iris and
lens.
* Antimicrobial drugs are also added in Infectious uveitis (bacterial, viral,
fungal, or parasitic).
*Other Forms: People with severe or chronic uveitis may also be given
systemic (non-corticosteroid) immunosuppressive drugs, laser phototherapy,
or cryotherapy, or have the vitreous removed surgically (vitrectomy).

 Long use of topical corticosteroids can lead to:

a) Increase intra ocular pressure

b) Retinal detachment
c) Ptosis
d) Keratoconus

 Long use of topical corticosteroids can lead to:

a)
b)
c)
d)

Increase intra ocular pressure (+ Cataract)

Retinal detachment
Ptosis
Keratoconus

 Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of central retinal

artery occlusion?
a) Painful loss of vision
b) Painless loss of vision
c) Previous transient loss of vision (amaurosis fugax)
d) Dilated pupil with sluggish reaction to light
e) Cherry Red Spot

 Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of central retinal

artery occlusion?
a) Painful loss of vision
b) Painless loss of vision
c) Previous transient loss of vision (amaurosis fugax)
d) Dilated pupil with sluggish reaction to light
e) Cherry Red Spot

 Old diabetic man with sudden unilateral visual loss. There are
multiple hemorrhages on the retina with macular edema. What is
the diagnosis?
a) Retinal detachment
b) Retinal artery occlusion
c) Retinal vein thrombosis
d) Diabetic retinopathy

 Old diabetic man with sudden unilateral visual loss. There are
multiple hemorrhages on the retina with macular edema. What is
the diagnosis?
a) Retinal detachment (not mentioned in the exam)
b) Retinal artery occlusion (no hemorrhages)
c) Retinal vein thrombosis
d) Diabetic retinopathy (sudden visual loss would be due to
vitreous hemorrhage)

 Patient complaining of reduction of vision and pain when moving

the eye, fundoscopy is normal, what is the diagnosis?
a) Optic neuritis
b) Papilledema
c) Early Glaucoma
d) Vitamin A deficiency

 Patient complaining of reduction of vision and pain when moving

the eye, fundoscopy is normal, what is the diagnosis?
a) Optic neuritis (Retrobulbar)
b) Papilledema
c) Early Glaucoma
d) Vitamin A deficiency

Patient complaining of sudden progressive reduction in the vision of

the left eye over the last two/three days, associated with pain in the
same eye, on fundoscopy optic disc swelling was noted, what is the
diagnosis:
a) Central retinal artery occlusion
b) Central retinal vein occlusion
c) Optic neuritis
d) Macular degeneration

Patient complaining of sudden progressive reduction in the vision of

the left eye over the last two/three days, associated with pain in the
same eye, on fundoscopy optic disc swelling was noted, what is the
diagnosis:
a) Central retinal artery occlusion
b) Central retinal vein occlusion
c) Optic neuritis
d) Macular degeneration

 Retinal detachment, all true except:

a)
b)
c)
d)

More common in hypermetropic patients

Flashes of light can occur before it happens
Retinal Breaks are a predisposing factor
Can be a complication of diabetic retinopathy

 Retinal detachment, all true except:

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

More common in hypermetropic patients

Flashes of light can occur before it happens
Retinal Breaks (holes) are a predisposing factor
Can be a complication of diabetic retinopathy
Can be associated with excessive floaters
Patients can complain from a curtain across the vision

 45 year old male presented to the ER with sudden headache,

burring of vision, excruciating eye pain and frequent vomiting:
a) Acute glaucoma
b) Acute conjunctivitis
c) Acute iritis
d) Episcleritis
e) Corneal ulceration

 45 year old male presented to the ER with sudden headache,

burring of vision, excruciating eye pain and frequent vomiting:
a) Acute glaucoma
b) Acute conjunctivitis
c) Acute iritis
d) Episcleritis
e) Corneal ulceration

 Patient with acute headache, blurred vision and red eye. Whats the
cause?
a) Acute conjunctivitis

b) Acute angle closure glaucoma

c) Cataract

 Patient with acute headache, blurred vision and red eye. Whats the
cause?
a) Acute conjunctivitis

b) Acute angle closure glaucoma

c) Cataract

 In Acute angle glaucoma, you can use all of the following drugs
except?
a) B blocker

b) Acetazolamide
c) Pilocarpine
d) Dipivefrin

 In Acute angle glaucoma, you can use all of the following drugs
except?
a) B blocker

b) Acetazolamide
c) Pilocarpine
d) Dipivefrin (Causes dilatation of the pupil)

 Old male presented with cough and SOB. He was treated for a long
time for glaucoma. The most likely cause of his respiratory symptoms:
a) Timolol.
b) Propranolol.
c) Betaxolol.
d) Pilocarpine.

 Old male presented with cough and SOB. He was treated for a long
time for glaucoma. The most likely cause of his respiratory symptoms:
a) Timolol. (Non selective B-blocker)
b) Propranolol.
c) Betaxolol. (Can be used as its selective for Beta 1 receptors)
d) Pilocarpine.

 In Acute glaucoma, all are true EXCEPT:

a) Refer to ophthalmologist.
b) Give miotic drops before referral
c) Can present with headache.
d) Can present with abdominal pain.
e) Pupil size in acute glaucoma is larger than normal.

 In Acute glaucoma, all are true EXCEPT:

a) Refer to ophthalmologist.
b) Give miotic drops before referral
c) Can present with headache.
d) Can present with abdominal pain.
e) Pupil size in acute glaucoma is larger than normal.

 A diabetic patient wants your advice to decrease the risk of

developing Diabetic retinopathy:
a) Decrease HTN and obesity

b) Decrease HTN and smoking

c) Decrease smoking and obesity

 A diabetic patient want your advice to decrease the risk of

developing Diabetic retinopathy:
a) Decrease HTN and obesity

b) Decrease HTN and smoking

c) Decrease smoking and obesity
Other risks for developing diabetic retinopathy:
Diabetes duration - Blood sugar levels - Lipid levels Ethnicity Pregnancy

 Old diabetic patient with mild early cataract and retinal

pigmentation with Drusen formation, you prescribed anti oxidant,
what do you do next?
a) Urgent ophthalmology appointment
b) Routine ophthalmology referral
c) Cataract surgery
d) See him after One month to detect improvement

 Old diabetic patient with mild early cataract and retinal

pigmentation with Drusen formation, you prescribed anti oxidant,
what do you do next?
a) Urgent ophthalmology appointment
b) Routine ophthalmology referral
c) Cataract surgery
d) See him after One month to detect improvement

 Female patient using glasses since 10 years, she was diagnosed

recently with type 2 DM, she should screen or examine her eyes
every:
a) 6 months
b) 12 months
c) 2 years
d) 5 years

 Female patient using glasses since 10 years, she was diagnosed

recently with type 2 DM, she should screen or examine her eyes
every:
a) 6 months
b) 12 months
c) 2 years
d) 5 years

 Child diagnosed with type 1 DM, when should the first eye exam
take place?:
a) 6 months from the diagnosis
b) 12 months from the diagnosis
c) 2 years from the diagnosis
d) 5 years from the diagnosis

 Child diagnosed with type 1 DM, when should the first eye exam
take place?:
a) 6 months from the diagnosis
b) 12 months from the diagnosis
c) 2 years from the diagnosis
d) 5 years from the diagnosis

 Diabetic patient with neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage,

what is the next step?
a) Urgent referral to an Ophthalmologist
b) Control glucose levels then refer to an Ophthlmologist
c) Routine referral to an Ophthalmologist

 Diabetic patient with neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage,

what is the next step?
a) Urgent referral to an Ophthalmologist
b) Control glucose levels then refer to an Ophthlmologist
c) Routine referral to an Ophthalmologist

 Patient with DM and HTN, gradually decreasing vision. Eye exam

shows maculopathy, Treatment:
a) Panretinal photocoagulation
b) Photocoagulation of macular area
c) Surgery
d) Steroids

 Patient with DM and HTN, gradually decreasing vision. Eye exam

shows maculopathy, Treatment:
a) Panretinal photocoagulation For Proliferative Retinopathy
b) Photocoagulation of macular area (Focal Laser)
c) Surgery
d) Steroids

 Baby born with hemangioma on the right eyelid, when is the

appropriate time to operate to prevent ambylopia:
a) 1 day
b) 1 week
c) 3 months
d) 9 months

 Baby born with hemangioma on the right eyelid, when is the

appropriate time to operate to prevent ambylopia:
a) 1 day
b) 1 week
c) 3 months
d) 9 months

 Baby born with hemangioma on the right eyelid, when is the

appropriate time to operate to prevent ambylopia:
a) 1 day
b) 1 week
c) 3 months
d) 9 months
e) None of the above

 Baby born with hemangioma on the right eyelid, when is the

appropriate time to operate to prevent ambylopia:
a) 1 day
b) 1 week
c) 3 months
d) 9 months
e) None of the above

 In Open globe injury, what is the treatment:

a) Continuous antibiotic drops

b) Continuous water and NS drops
c) Continuous steroids drops
d) Sterile cover, IV antibiotics and
referral

 In Open globe injury, what is the treatment:

a) Continuous antibiotic drops

b) Continuous water and NS drops
c) Continuous steroids drops
d) Sterile cover, IV Antibiotics and referral

 Regarding Stye of the lower eyelid, all true except:

a) Is infection of gland in the lower eye lid

b) Can be treated by topical antibiotics
c) Can be treated by systemic antibiotics
d) Needs ophthalmology referral

 Regarding Stye of the lower eyelid, all true except:

a) Is infection of gland in the lower eye lid (Its an infection of the

hair follicle)
b) Can be treated by topical antibiotics
c) Can be treated by systemic antibiotics
d) Needs ophthalmology referral though sometimes referral is
needed, but it is never the first option

Child came for an eye exam, during the cover test his left eye moved
spontaneously to the left, the diagnosis is:
a) Strabismus

b) Glaucoma
c) Coloboma

Child came for an eye exam, during the cover test his left eye moved
spontaneously to the left, the diagnosis is:
a) Strabismus

b) Glaucoma
c) Coloboma

 Patient came to you after Trauma complaining of loss of the

abduction of his (left or right) eye. So which cranial nerve affected?
a) III
b) IV
c) V
d) VI

 Patient came to you after Trauma complaining of loss of the

abduction of his (left or right) eye. So which cranial nerve affected?
a) III
b) IV
c) V
d) VI

 Patient has complete ptosis in his right eye. The eye is out and
down, the pupil is fixed and dilated with restricted ocular
movements. What is the diagnosis:

a) 3rd cranial nerve palsy.

b) 4th cranial nerve palsy.
c) 3rd and 4th.
d) 6th cranial nerve palsy

 Patient has complete ptosis in his right eye. The eye is out and
down, the pupil is fixed and dilated with restricted ocular
movements. What is the diagnosis:

a) 3rd cranial nerve palsy.

b) 4th cranial nerve palsy
c) 3rd and 4th
d) 6th cranial nerve palsy

 Patient has complete ptosis in his right eye. The eye is out and
down, the pupil is fixed and dilated with restricted ocular
movements. What is the diagnosis:

a) 3rd cranial nerve palsy. (oculomotor nerve)

b) 4th cranial nerve palsy SO Palsy Head Tilt
c) 3rd and 4th
d) 6th cranial nerve palsy LR Palsy Inward Deviation
(Esotropia)

Trachoma Prevention:
The World Health Organization has targeted trachoma for elimination
by 2020 through an innovative, multi-faceted public health strategy
known as S.A.F.E.
Surgery to correct the advanced, blinding stage of the disease
(trichiasis)
Antibiotics to treat active infection
Facial cleanliness
Environmental improvements in the areas of water and sanitation to
reduce disease transmission

 Patient with hypertensive retinopathy grade 2 with AV nipping,

normal BP, no decrease in vision, with cupping of optic disc, what
will you do to the patient:
a) Reassurance, the problem is benign
b) Refer him to an ophthalmologist
c) Laser Operation

 Patient with hypertensive retinopathy grade 2 with AV nipping,

normal BP, no decrease in vision, with cupping of optic disc, what
will you do to the patient:
a) Reassurance, the problem is benign
b) Refer him to an ophthalmologist
c) Laser Operation

A hypertensive patient came to an ophthalmologist and on

examination he had an increased optic disc cup. The patient does not
complain of anything. What is the diagnosis?
a) Hypertensive retinopathy
b) Diabetic neuropathy
c) Acute open angle glaucoma
d) Acute closed angle glaucoma
e) Retinal detachment

A hypertensive patient came to an ophthalmologist and on

examination he had an increased optic disc cup. The patient does not
complain of anything. What is the diagnosis?
a) Hypertensive retinopathy
b) Diabetic neuropathy
c) Acute open angle glaucoma
d) Acute closed angle glaucoma
e) Retinal detachment

 70 years old female says that while playing with a puzzle, for short
periods she can't play because she develops a headache what will
you will exam her for?
a) Astigmatism

b) Glaucoma
c) Cataract

 70 years old female says that while playing with a puzzle, for short
periods she can't play because she develops a headache what will
you will exam her for?
a) Astigmatism (or hyperopia)

b) Glaucoma
c) Cataract

All are true about congenital squint except:

a) There is no difference in the angle of deviation between far &

near fixation.
b) Asymmetry of corneal light reflex
c) Can be associated with inferior oblique overaction
d) Can be associated with dissociated vertical deviation
e) Usually there are no refractive errors

All are true about congenital squint except:

a) There is no difference in the angle of deviation between far &

near fixation.
b) Asymmetry of corneal light reflex
c) Can be associated with inferior oblique overaction
d) Can be associated with dissociated vertical deviation
e) Usually there are no refractive errors

Patient with decreased vision and a reduction in the peripheral field of

vision, using a tonometer the pressure in the right eye was 24 mmHg and
22mmHg in the left eye. What is the mechanism:

a) Obstruction in trabecular meshwork leads to reduction of the drainage

of aqueous humor
b) Obstruction at ciliary body leads to blockage in drainage of Aqueous
Humor.

Patient with decreased vision and a reduction in the peripheral field of

vision, using a tonometer the pressure in the right eye was 24 mmHg and
22mmHg in the left eye. What is the mechanism:

a) Obstruction in trabecular meshwork leads to reduction of the

drainage of aqueous humor

b) Obstruction at ciliary body leads to blockage in drainage of Aqueous
Humor.

Aqueous humor is first produced by the ciliary body within the posterior
chamber. After filling the posterior chamber, aqueous moves forward around
the lens and flows through the pupil into the anterior chamber.

As the anterior chamber fills, the aqueous spreads outwards into the angle
formed by the iris and cornea. Within this irido-corneal angle the aqueous
exits the eye by filtering through the trabecular meshwork into the Canal of
Schlemn, where it returns back into the blood circulation

Patient came with trauma to left eye by a tennis ball, examination

shows anterior chamber hemorrhage you must exclude?
a) Conjunctivitis
b) Blepharitis
c) Foreign body
d) Keratitis
e) Orbital Fracture

Patient came with trauma to left eye by a tennis ball, examination

shows anterior chamber hemorrhage you must exclude?
a) Conjunctivitis
b) Blepharitis
c) Foreign body
d) Keratitis
e) Orbital Fracture

17 years old boy was playing foot ball and he was kicked in his Right
eye. Few hours later he started to complain of double vision &
ecchymosis around the eye, what is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Cellulitis
b) Orbital bone fracture
c) Global eye ball rupture
d) Subconjunctival hemorrhage

17 years old boy was playing foot ball and he was kicked in his Right
eye. Few hours later he started to complain of double vision &
ecchymosis around the eye, what is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Cellulitis
b) Orbital bone fracture
c) Global eye ball rupture
d) Subconjunctival hemorrhage

Symptoms of an orbital fracture include:

*Decreased vision
*Double vision
*Pain in and around the eye
*Numbness in the eyelids, cheek, side of the nose, upper lip, teeth and
gums
*Nausea and vomiting

Signs of an orbital fracture include:

*Bruising and swelling of the eyelids and soft tissue around the eye
*Enophthalmos
*Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
*Trouble moving the eye in one or more directions

The End
Wish You All The Best